Microcalcification: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Calcium deposits in the breast}} |
{{Short description|Calcium deposits in the breast}} |
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[[File:Mammogram microcalcifications in carcinoma in situ, CC, details.png|thumb|upright=1. |
[[File:Mammogram microcalcifications in carcinoma in situ, CC, details.png|thumb|upright=1.3|[[Mammogram]] microcalcifications in [[ductal carcinoma in situ]]]] |
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'''Microcalcifications''' are tiny [[mineral deposit|deposits]] of [[calcium]] salts that are too small to be felt but can be detected by [[medical imaging|imaging]].<ref>{{cite web |title=NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms |url=https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/microcalcification |website=National Cancer Institute |accessdate=23 April 2019 |language=en |date=2 February 2011}}</ref> They can be scattered throughout the [[mammary gland]], or occur in clusters. |
'''Microcalcifications''' are tiny [[mineral deposit|deposits]] of [[calcium]] salts that are too small to be felt but can be detected by [[medical imaging|imaging]].<ref>{{cite web |title=NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms |url=https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/microcalcification |website=National Cancer Institute |accessdate=23 April 2019 |language=en |date=2 February 2011}}</ref> |
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They can be scattered throughout the [[mammary gland]], or occur in clusters. |
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Microcalcifications can be an early sign of [[breast cancer]]. Based on morphology, it is possible to classify by radiography how likely microcalcifications are to indicate cancer. |
Microcalcifications can be an early sign of [[breast cancer]]. Based on morphology, it is possible to classify by radiography how likely microcalcifications are to indicate cancer. |
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<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nalawade |first1=Yojana V |title=Evaluation of breast calcifications |journal=The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging |date=November 2009 |volume=19 |issue=4 |pages=282–286 |doi=10.4103/0971-3026.57208 |pmid=19881103 |issn=0971-3026|pmc=2797739 |doi-access=free }}</ref> |
<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nalawade |first1=Yojana V |title=Evaluation of breast calcifications |journal=The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging |date=November 2009 |volume=19 |issue=4 |pages=282–286 |doi=10.4103/0971-3026.57208 |pmid=19881103 |issn=0971-3026|pmc=2797739 |doi-access=free }}</ref> |
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==In breast== |
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Microcalcifications are made up of [[calcium |
Microcalcifications in the [[breast]] are made up of [[calcium phosphate]] or [[calcium oxalate]]. When consisting of calcium phosphate, they are usually [[dystrophic calcifications]] (occurring in degenerated or necrotic tissue).<ref name="pmid35251632">{{cite journal| author=Logullo AF, Prigenzi KCK, Nimir CCBA, Franco AFV, Campos MSDA| title=Breast microcalcifications: Past, present and future (Review). | journal=Mol Clin Oncol | year= 2022 | volume= 16 | issue= 4 | pages= 81 | pmid=35251632 | doi=10.3892/mco.2022.2514 | pmc=8892454 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=35251632 }} </ref> Yet, the mechanism of their formation is not fully known.<ref name="wilkinson">{{cite journal |last1=Wilkinson |first1=Louise |last2=Thomas |first2=Val |last3=Sharma |first3=Nisha |title=Microcalcification on mammography: approaches to interpretation and biopsy |journal=The British Journal of Radiology |volume=90 |issue=1069 |pages=20160594 |doi=10.1259/bjr.20160594 |pmid=27648482 |pmc=5605030 |issn=0007-1285|year=2016 }}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | Calcium oxalate crystals in the breast may be seen on [[mammography]] and are usually benign, but can be associated with [[lobular carcinoma in situ]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/breastcalcification.html|title=Microcalcifications|author=Hind Warzecha, M.D.|website=Pathology Outlines}} Last author update: 1 June 2010</ref> |
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Microcalcification was first described in 1913 by surgeon [[Albert Salomon (surgeon)|Albert Salomon]].<ref name=wilkinson/> |
Microcalcification was first described in 1913 by surgeon [[Albert Salomon (surgeon)|Albert Salomon]].<ref name=wilkinson/> |
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<gallery> |
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[[File:Histopathology of a breast cyst with calcium oxalate crystals, annotated.jpg|thumb|Histopathology of calcium oxalate crystals in a benign breast cyst, H&E stain.<ref>Image by Mikael Häggström, MD.</ref>]] |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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Revision as of 18:43, 8 December 2023
Microcalcifications are tiny deposits of calcium salts that are too small to be felt but can be detected by imaging.[1]
They can be scattered throughout the mammary gland, or occur in clusters. Microcalcifications can be an early sign of breast cancer. Based on morphology, it is possible to classify by radiography how likely microcalcifications are to indicate cancer. [2]
In breast
Microcalcifications in the breast are made up of calcium phosphate or calcium oxalate. When consisting of calcium phosphate, they are usually dystrophic calcifications (occurring in degenerated or necrotic tissue).[3] Yet, the mechanism of their formation is not fully known.[4]
Calcium oxalate crystals in the breast may be seen on mammography and are usually benign, but can be associated with lobular carcinoma in situ.[5]
Microcalcification was first described in 1913 by surgeon Albert Salomon.[4]
<gallery>
References
- ^ "NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms". National Cancer Institute. 2 February 2011. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
- ^ Nalawade, Yojana V (November 2009). "Evaluation of breast calcifications". The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging. 19 (4): 282–286. doi:10.4103/0971-3026.57208. ISSN 0971-3026. PMC 2797739. PMID 19881103.
- ^ Logullo AF, Prigenzi KCK, Nimir CCBA, Franco AFV, Campos MSDA (2022). "Breast microcalcifications: Past, present and future (Review)". Mol Clin Oncol. 16 (4): 81. doi:10.3892/mco.2022.2514. PMC 8892454. PMID 35251632.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b Wilkinson, Louise; Thomas, Val; Sharma, Nisha (2016). "Microcalcification on mammography: approaches to interpretation and biopsy". The British Journal of Radiology. 90 (1069): 20160594. doi:10.1259/bjr.20160594. ISSN 0007-1285. PMC 5605030. PMID 27648482.
- ^ Hind Warzecha, M.D. "Microcalcifications". Pathology Outlines. Last author update: 1 June 2010
- ^ Image by Mikael Häggström, MD.
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