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Coordinates: 33°53′56″N 5°34′14″W / 33.8987900°N 5.5705515°W / 33.8987900; -5.5705515
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== History ==
== History ==
[[File:Mekness Koubba Sidi Ben Aissa.png|thumb|A 19th-century photograph of the mausoleum. Note the absence of a minaret]]
[[File:Mekness Koubba Sidi Ben Aissa.png|thumb|A 19th-century photograph of the mausoleum. Note the absence of a minaret]]
The mausoleum of Mohamed ben Issa, a prominent [[Ash'ari]] scholar and [[Sufi]] mystic, was established in the 16th century.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-02-18|title=ضريح الشيخ الكامل وجهة مريدي الزوايا - جريدة الصباح|url=https://assabah.ma/7643.html|access-date=2020-11-30|website=assabah.ma|language=ar}}</ref> Later in 1776, the [[Alaouite]] ruler, [[Mohammed Ben Abdallah]], built a completely new structure around the saint's tomb.<ref name=":22">{{Cite book|last=Aouchar|first=Amina|title=Fès, Meknès|publisher=Flammarion|year=2005}}</ref> The minaret appears to have been a later addition. The complex is currently used as both a [[mosque]] and [[mausoleum]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=El Hadi Ben Aïssa : Le symbole de la délivrance|url=https://aujourdhui.ma/archives/el-hadi-ben-aissa-le-symbole-de-la-delivrance-89637|access-date=2020-11-30|website=Aujourd'hui le Maroc|language=fr-FR}}</ref>
The mausoleum of Mohamed ben Issa, a prominent [[Ash'ari]] scholar and [[Sufi]] mystic, was established in the 16th century.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-02-18|title=ضريح الشيخ الكامل وجهة مريدي الزوايا - جريدة الصباح|url=https://assabah.ma/7643.html|access-date=2020-11-30|website=assabah.ma|language=ar}}</ref> Later in 1776, the [[Alaouite]] ruler, [[Mohammed ben Abdallah|Mohammed Ben Abdallah]], built a completely new structure around the saint's tomb.<ref name=":22">{{Cite book|last=Aouchar|first=Amina|title=Fès, Meknès|publisher=Flammarion|year=2005}}</ref> The minaret appears to have been a later addition. The complex is currently used as both a [[mosque]] and [[mausoleum]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=El Hadi Ben Aïssa : Le symbole de la délivrance|url=https://aujourdhui.ma/archives/el-hadi-ben-aissa-le-symbole-de-la-delivrance-89637|access-date=2020-11-30|website=Aujourd'hui le Maroc|language=fr-FR}}</ref>
== Usage ==
== Usage ==
=== Mawlid Celebration ===
=== Mawlid Celebration ===

Revision as of 03:42, 21 December 2023

Cheikh Al Kamel Mausoleum
Arabic: ضريح الشيخ الكامل
Religion
AffiliationIslam
DistrictBab al-Jadid
RegionFès-Meknès
StatusActive
Standort
StandortMeknes, Morocco
LandMarokko
Cheikh Al Kamel Mausoleum is located in Morocco
Cheikh Al Kamel Mausoleum
Location in Morocco
Geographic coordinates33°53′56″N 5°34′14″W / 33.8987900°N 5.5705515°W / 33.8987900; -5.5705515
Architecture
Typmausoleum, zawiya and mosque
StyleMoroccan
CreatorMohammed Ben Abdallah
Date established16th century
Completed1776
Specifications
Minaret(s)1
Shrine(s)1

The Shaykh al-Kamil Mausoleum (Arabic: ضريح الشيخ الكامل), romanized as Cheikh Al Kamel Mausoleum also known as the Mausoleum of al-Hadi ben Issa (ضريح الهادي بنعيسى) is a historic religious complex located in Meknes, Morocco.[1]

It consists of a zawiya, mosque, and the mausoleum of Mohammed al-Hadi ben Issa the founder of the Isawiyya order of Sufism.[2]

History

A 19th-century photograph of the mausoleum. Note the absence of a minaret

The mausoleum of Mohamed ben Issa, a prominent Ash'ari scholar and Sufi mystic, was established in the 16th century.[3] Later in 1776, the Alaouite ruler, Mohammed Ben Abdallah, built a completely new structure around the saint's tomb.[4] The minaret appears to have been a later addition. The complex is currently used as both a mosque and mausoleum.[5]

Usage

Mawlid Celebration

Main article: Mawlid

The celebration of Mawlid, which is the celebration of the birth of the Prophet Muhammad, occurs at the mausoleum.[6] This festival is different from other Mawlids, due to it being done in the unique Issawi style.[7] Instruments like the ta'raj, the brass, the flutes, the drums, the trumpet, are played, before the participants enter a long session of dhikr and meditation.[8] Traditionally, dates are a meal during this festive occasion.[9]

Rituals

The rituals of the Issawi order are performed here.[10] The mausoleum is also the focal point of an annual moussem (a type of Sufi religious festival).[11] Unlike Mawlid, the festival here was brutal in nature, and it was historically known for its displays of self-mutilation.[12] The religious rituals in the festival are intertwined with musical and joyful celebrations that are sometimes violent, including rolling around and drinking blood of animal sacrifices.[13]

Controversy

The mausoleum became known for its presence of homosexuals, and the government tried to suppress the rising of homosexual rituals within the building.[14] These homosexuals claimed to have been the descendants of Aisha, another local patron saint of Meknes.[15]

  • The entrance to the mausoleum
    The entrance to the mausoleum
  • The courtyard of the building, covered by glass roof
    The courtyard of the building, covered by glass roof
  • Doorway and entrance to the prayer hall
    Doorway and entrance to the prayer hall
  • The tomb of one of Mohammed Al-Hadi ben Issa's descendants
    The tomb of one of Mohammed Al-Hadi ben Issa's descendants
  • Hallway
    Hallway
  • Several graves of commoners, behind the mausoleum
    Several graves of commoners, behind the mausoleum

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mausoleum of Cheikh Al Kamel.

References

  1. ^ "El Hadi Ben Aïssa : Le symbole de la délivrance". Aujourd'hui le Maroc (in French). Retrieved 2020-11-30.
  2. ^ "El Hadi Ben Aïssa : Le symbole de la délivrance". Aujourd'hui le Maroc (in French). Retrieved 2020-11-30.
  3. ^ "ضريح الشيخ الكامل وجهة مريدي الزوايا - جريدة الصباح". assabah.ma (in Arabic). 2011-02-18. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
  4. ^ Aouchar, Amina (2005). Fès, Meknès. Flammarion.
  5. ^ "El Hadi Ben Aïssa : Le symbole de la délivrance". Aujourd'hui le Maroc (in French). Retrieved 2020-11-30.
  6. ^ ناصر, هشام. "مكناس.. الطوائف العيساوية تضفي طابعا احتفاليا فريدا بمناسبة ذكرى عيد المولد النبوي". الكاتب (in French). Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  7. ^ ناصر, هشام. "مكناس.. الطوائف العيساوية تضفي طابعا احتفاليا فريدا بمناسبة ذكرى عيد المولد النبوي". الكاتب (in French). Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  8. ^ ناصر, هشام. "مكناس.. الطوائف العيساوية تضفي طابعا احتفاليا فريدا بمناسبة ذكرى عيد المولد النبوي". الكاتب (in French). Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  9. ^ ناصر, هشام. "مكناس.. الطوائف العيساوية تضفي طابعا احتفاليا فريدا بمناسبة ذكرى عيد المولد النبوي". الكاتب (in French). Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  10. ^ "MIKNĀS". Encyclopaedia of Islam, First Edition (1913-1936). Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  11. ^ "MIKNĀS". Encyclopaedia of Islam, First Edition (1913-1936). Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  12. ^ "MIKNĀS". Encyclopaedia of Islam, First Edition (1913-1936). Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  13. ^ "مكناس تتحول إلى"كعبة" الطوائف العيساوية في عيد المولد النبوي || ANFASPRESS - أنفاس بريس جريدة إلكترونية مغربية - جريدة إلكترونية مغربية تجدد على مدار الساعة - المغرب - ANFAS PRESS ( Ariri Abderrahim )". web.archive.org. 2020-10-30. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  14. ^ "طقوس غريبة توقظ "الشيخ الكامل" .. و"جذبة عيساوة" تطرد الجن". Hespress - هسبريس جريدة إلكترونية مغربية (in Arabic). 2018-11-21. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  15. ^ "طقوس غريبة توقظ "الشيخ الكامل" .. و"جذبة عيساوة" تطرد الجن". Hespress - هسبريس جريدة إلكترونية مغربية (in Arabic). 2018-11-21. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
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