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Ă (upper case) or ă (lower case), usually referred to in English as A-breve, is a letter used in standard Romanian and Vietnamese orthographies. In Romanian, it is used to represent the mid-central unrounded vowel, while in Vietnamese it represents the short a sound. It is the second letter of the Romanian, Vietnamese, and the pre-1972 Malaysian alphabets, after A.

Ă/ă is also used in several languages for transliteration of the Bulgarian letter Ъ/ъ.

Romanian

The sound represented in Romanian by ă is a mid-central vowel /ə/, i.e. schwa. Unlike in English, Catalan and French but like in Indonesian (using e rather than ă), the vowel can be stressed. There are words in which it is the only vowel, such as măr /mər/ ("apple") or văd /vəd/ ("I see"). Additionally, some words that also contain other vowels can have the stress on ă like cărțile /ˈkərt͡sile/ ("the books") and odăi /oˈdəj/ ("rooms"). Another grapheme <a> with diacritic in Romanian is <â>.

Vietnamese

Ă is the 2nd letter of the Vietnamese alphabet and represents /ă/. Because Vietnamese is a tonal language this letter may have any one of the 5 tonal symbols above or below it (or even no accent at all, since the Vietnamese first tone is identified by the lack of accent marks). See Vietnamese phonology.

Ằ ằ
Ắ ắ
Ẳ ẳ
Ẵ ẵ
Ặ ặ

Malay

The sound represented in pre-1972 Malaysian orthography by ă is a vowel. It occurred in the final syllable of the root word such as lamă /lamə/ ("long", "old"), mată /matə/ ("eye"), and sană /sanə/ ("there"). The letter was replaced in 1972 with a in the New Rumi Spelling.

Balinese

Ă or ă are used in Balinese romanization, e.g. Kabupatén Tăbănan (Tabanan Regency).

Pronunciation respelling for English

In some systems for Pronunciation respelling for English including American Heritage Dictionary notation, ă represents the short A sound, /æ/.

Character mappings

Character information
Vorschau	ă		Ă
Unicode name	LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH BREVE		LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH BREVE
Encodings	decimal	hex	dec	hex
Unicode	259	U+0103	258	U+0102
UTF-8	196 131	C4 83	196 130	C4 82
Numeric character reference	ă	ă	Ă	Ă
Named character reference	&abreve;		&Abreve;
ISO 8859-2, 3, 4, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16	259	103	258	102

References

@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 The sound represented in pre-1972 [[Malay alphabet|Malaysian orthography]] by '''ă''' is a vowel. It occurred in the final syllable of the root word such as ''lamă'' {{IPA|/lamə/}} ("long", "old"), ''mată'' {{IPA|/matə/}} ("eye"), and ''sană'' {{IPA|/sanə/}} ("there"). The letter was replaced in 1972 with '''a''' in the [[New Rumi Spelling]].
-==Khmer==
+==Balinese==
-Ă or ă are used in [[Khmer language|Khmer]] romanization, e.g. ''Preăh Réachéanachăk Kămpŭchéa'' (Kingdom of Cambodia).
+Ă or ă are used in [[Balinese language|Balinese]] romanization, e.g. ''Kabupatén Tăbănan'' (Tabanan Regency).
 ==Pronunciation respelling for English==