Thelma & Louise: Difference between revisions
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'''''Thelma & Louise''''' is a 1991 American film directed by [[Ridley Scott]] and written by [[Callie Khouri]] with elements of multiple [[Film genre|genres]] which has been described as a [[drama]], [[Adventure film|adventure]] or [[road movie]]<ref name=afi>{{cite web |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/59064-THELMA-LOUISE | |
'''''Thelma & Louise''''' is a 1991 American film directed by [[Ridley Scott]] and written by [[Callie Khouri]] with elements of multiple [[Film genre|genres]] which has been described as a [[drama]], [[Adventure film|adventure]] or [[road movie]]<ref name="afi">{{cite web |title=Thelma & Louise (1991) |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/59064-THELMA-LOUISE |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501185545/https://catalog.afi.com/Film/59064-THELMA-LOUISE |archive-date=2021-05-01 |access-date=January 28, 2023 |website=[[AFI Catalog of Feature Films]] |publisher=[[American Film Institute]]}}</ref> with elements of a [[romantic comedy]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/thelma-and-louise-30-anniversary-b1850849.html |work= [[The Independent]] |title=Thelma & Louise: The film that gave women firepower, desire and complex inner lives |date=May 24, 2021 |first=Pamela |last=Hutchinson |access-date=January 29, 2023}}</ref> |
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The film stars [[Susan Sarandon]] as Louise and [[Geena Davis]] as Thelma, two friends who embark on a [[road trip]] that ends up in unforeseen circumstances. Filming took place in [[California]] and [[Utah]] from June to August 1990. The supporting cast includes [[Harvey Keitel]], [[Michael Madsen]], [[Christopher McDonald]], and a then-unknown [[Brad Pitt]] in one of his first major film roles. |
The film stars [[Susan Sarandon]] as Louise and [[Geena Davis]] as Thelma, two friends who embark on a [[road trip]] that ends up in unforeseen circumstances. Filming took place in [[California]] and [[Utah]] from June to August 1990. The supporting cast includes [[Harvey Keitel]], [[Michael Madsen]], [[Christopher McDonald]], and a then-unknown [[Brad Pitt]] in one of his first major film roles. |
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* [[Jason Beghe]] as State Trooper |
* [[Jason Beghe]] as State Trooper |
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* [[Marco St. John]] as Truck Driver |
* [[Marco St. John]] as Truck Driver |
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Credits adapted from [[American Film Institute]].<ref name=AFI>{{cite web|url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/59064-THELMA-LOUISE|title=Thelma & Louise|publisher=American Film Institute|access-date=May 1, 2021|archive-date=May 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501185545/https://catalog.afi.com/Film/59064-THELMA-LOUISE|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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== Production == |
== Production == |
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=== Casting === |
=== Casting === |
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[[Michelle Pfeiffer]] and [[Jodie Foster]] were originally chosen for the leads; both accepted their roles with enthusiasm. As pre-production of the film dragged on, the two eventually dropped out, with Pfeiffer going on to star in ''[[Love Field (film)|Love Field]]'' and Foster in ''[[The Silence of the Lambs (film)|The Silence of the Lambs]]''. Pfeiffer would later admit that passing on the film still kills her.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2017/film/features/michelle-pfeiffer-hiatus-ant-man-and-the-wasp-murder-on-the-orient-express-1202583231/ |
[[Michelle Pfeiffer]] and [[Jodie Foster]] were originally chosen for the leads; both accepted their roles with enthusiasm. As pre-production of the film dragged on, the two eventually dropped out, with Pfeiffer going on to star in ''[[Love Field (film)|Love Field]]'' and Foster in ''[[The Silence of the Lambs (film)|The Silence of the Lambs]]''. Pfeiffer would later admit that passing on the film still kills her.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lang |first=Brent |date=October 10, 2017 |title=Michelle Pfeiffer on Her Hollywood Hiatus and Return to Superhero Films |url=https://variety.com/2017/film/features/michelle-pfeiffer-hiatus-ant-man-and-the-wasp-murder-on-the-orient-express-1202583231/ |website=Variety}}</ref> [[Meryl Streep]] and [[Goldie Hawn]] then offered to play the leads, but Streep later dropped out due to scheduling conflicts while Hawn was not considered right for the part (Hawn and Streep portrayed the lead duo a year later in ''[[Death Becomes Her]]''). Geena Davis (who had been vigorously pursuing the lead role for nearly a year) and Susan Sarandon were ultimately chosen. The two took extensive driving and shooting lessons in preparation for their roles.<ref name=VanityFair/> |
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Scott personally convinced [[Harvey Keitel]] to take on the role of Hal, the sympathetic Arkansas detective. The two had previously collaborated in Scott's feature directorial debut, the 1977 film ''[[The Duellists]]''. Davis recommended her ex-boyfriend [[Christopher McDonald]] for the role of Darryl, Thelma's controlling husband. Scott wanted [[Michael Madsen]] for Harlan, Thelma's would-be rapist, but Madsen was unwilling; he eventually won the role of Jimmy, Louise's boyfriend. [[Brad Pitt]] auditioned for the hustler J.D.; however Scott thought he was "too young" for the role so they moved on, the part went to [[William Baldwin|Billy Baldwin]]. Pitt eventually secured the role after both Baldwin and his replacement dropped out.<ref name=VanityFair/><ref name="auto">{{Cite web| |
Scott personally convinced [[Harvey Keitel]] to take on the role of Hal, the sympathetic Arkansas detective. The two had previously collaborated in Scott's feature directorial debut, the 1977 film ''[[The Duellists]]''. Davis recommended her ex-boyfriend [[Christopher McDonald]] for the role of Darryl, Thelma's controlling husband. Scott wanted [[Michael Madsen]] for Harlan, Thelma's would-be rapist, but Madsen was unwilling; he eventually won the role of Jimmy, Louise's boyfriend. [[Brad Pitt]] auditioned for the hustler J.D.; however Scott thought he was "too young" for the role so they moved on, the part went to [[William Baldwin|Billy Baldwin]]. Pitt eventually secured the role after both Baldwin and his replacement dropped out.<ref name=VanityFair/><ref name="auto">{{Cite web |last=Gillette |first=Sam |date=June 27, 2017 |title=Brad Pitt's Sex Scene in Thelma and Louise: Inside the Shoot |url=https://people.com/movies/brad-pitt-thelma-and-louise-sex-scene/ |website=[[People (magazine)|People]]}}</ref> [[George Clooney]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kimble |first=Lindsay |date=April 28, 2016 |title=Susan Sarandon & Geena Davis Talk Thelma & Louise, George Clooney's Audition |url=https://people.com/movies/susan-sarandon-geena-davis-talk-thelma-louise-george-clooneys-audition/ |access-date=2024-02-15 |website=People |language=en}}</ref> [[Robert Downey Jr.]],<ref name="Harris">{{cite web |last=Harris |first=Hunter |date=June 27, 2017 |title=Brad Pitt's Breakout Role in ''Thelma & Louise'' Almost Went to Robert Downey Jr.. |url=https://www.vulture.com/2017/06/the-thelma-and-louise-role-robert-downey-jr-almost-got.html |access-date=October 11, 2021 |website=[[Vulture (website)|Vulture]]}}</ref> [[Mark Ruffalo]],<ref name="auto" /> [[Grant Show]], [[John Mellencamp]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 1, 2017 |title=John Mellencamp is Still Making Music for Everybody, No Matter Who They Voted for |url=https://www.howardstern.com/show/2017/03/01/john-mellencamp-music-thelma-louise-brad-pitt-politics/ |website=HowardStern.com}}</ref> [[Dylan McDermott]],<ref name="auto" /> [[James LeGros]],<ref name="auto" /> and [[Dermot Mulroney]]<ref name="auto" /> were also considered for the role of J.D. Davis did test scenes with Clooney, Show, Ruffalo and Pitt; her advice to the directors was to choose Pitt.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Perry |first1=Kevin |title='I was screwing up his audition': Geena Davis on the moment she knew Brad Pitt was perfect for Thelma & Louise |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/geena-davis-brad-pitt-george-clooney-thelma-louise-b2208284.html |website=[[The Independent]] |access-date=22 October 2022 |date=2022-10-22}}</ref> |
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=== Filming === |
=== Filming === |
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Principal photography for ''Thelma & Louise'' began on June 11, 1990, and concluded on August 31, 1990.<ref name= |
Principal photography for ''Thelma & Louise'' began on June 11, 1990, and concluded on August 31, 1990.<ref name="afi" /> Although the setting for the film is a fictional route between Arkansas and the Grand Canyon, it was filmed almost entirely in the states of California and Utah. The primary filming locations were rural areas around [[Bakersfield, California]] and [[Moab, Utah]]. The Grand Canyon scenes were filmed just south of [[Dead Horse Point State Park]] in Utah.<ref name="discovermoab2">{{cite web |title=Movies filmed in the Moab area |url=http://www.discovermoab.com/movie.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100325215144/http://www.discovermoab.com/movie.htm |archive-date=March 25, 2010 |access-date=July 29, 2008 |website=Moab Area Travel Council}}</ref> Parts of the film were also shot at Shafer Overlook, [[Monument Valley]], [[La Sal Mountains]], [[La Sal, Utah|La Sal Junction]], [[Cisco, Utah|Cisco]], Old Valley City Reservoir, Thompson Springs, [[Arches National Park]], and Crescent Junction in [[Utah]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=D'Arc |first1=James V. |title=When Hollywood Came to Town: A History of Moviemaking in Utah |date=2010 |publisher=Gibbs Smith |location=Layton, Utah |isbn=9781423605874 |edition=1st}}</ref> Of filming his love scenes with Davis, Pitt said that it was awkward being naked with everybody standing.<ref name="auto"/> |
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=== Soundtrack === |
=== Soundtrack === |
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[[Pete Haycock]] on [[slide guitar]] contributed to ''Thunderbird'', the [[theme music]] for the film.{{r|Perrone (2013)}} In addition to [[Glenn Frey]]'s "Part of Me, Part of You", which became the film's primary theme song, the soundtrack included songs performed by [[Chris Whitley]] ("Kick The Stones"), [[Martha Reeves]] ("Wild Night" written by [[Van Morrison]]), [[Toni Childs]] ("House Of Hope"), [[Marianne Faithfull]] ("[[Ballad of Lucy Jordan]]" written by [[Shel Silverstein]]), [[Charlie Sexton]] ("Badlands"), [[Grayson Hugh]] ("I Can't Untie You From Me"), [[B.B. King]] ("Better Not Look Down" written by Joe Sample & Will Jennings), [[Michael McDonald (singer)|Michael McDonald]] ("No Lookin' Back"), [[The Temptations]] ("[[The Way You Do the Things You Do]]" written by [[Smokey Robinson]] & [[Bobby Rogers]]), and [[Johnny Nash]] ("I Can See Clearly Now").<ref name="imdb.com Thelma & Louise Soundtrack">{{ |
[[Pete Haycock]] on [[slide guitar]] contributed to ''Thunderbird'', the [[theme music]] for the film.{{r|Perrone (2013)}} In addition to [[Glenn Frey]]'s "Part of Me, Part of You", which became the film's primary theme song, the soundtrack included songs performed by [[Chris Whitley]] ("Kick The Stones"), [[Martha Reeves]] ("Wild Night" written by [[Van Morrison]]), [[Toni Childs]] ("House Of Hope"), [[Marianne Faithfull]] ("[[Ballad of Lucy Jordan]]" written by [[Shel Silverstein]]), [[Charlie Sexton]] ("Badlands"), [[Grayson Hugh]] ("I Can't Untie You From Me"), [[B.B. King]] ("Better Not Look Down" written by Joe Sample & Will Jennings), [[Michael McDonald (singer)|Michael McDonald]] ("No Lookin' Back"), [[The Temptations]] ("[[The Way You Do the Things You Do]]" written by [[Smokey Robinson]] & [[Bobby Rogers]]), and [[Johnny Nash]] ("I Can See Clearly Now").<ref name="imdb.com Thelma & Louise Soundtrack">{{Cite web |last= |date=2018-11-13 |title=Thelma and Louise soundtrack and songs list |url=http://www.insoundtrack.com/movie/thelma-and-louise-1991 |access-date=2024-02-15 |website=InSoundtrack |language=en}}</ref><ref name="discogs.com Thelma & Louise Soundtrack">{{cite web |url=https://www.discogs.com/fr/release/3376305-Various-Thelma-Louise-Original-Motion-Picture-Soundtrack |title=Various – Thelma & Louise (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |date= July 2022 |website=discogs.com |accessdate= 31 July 2022}}</ref> |
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== Release == |
== Release == |
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''Thelma & Louise'' was screened out of competition as the closing film at the [[1991 Cannes Film Festival]].<ref name="festival-cannes.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/71/year/1992.html | |
''Thelma & Louise'' was screened out of competition as the closing film at the [[1991 Cannes Film Festival]].<ref name="festival-cannes.com">{{cite web |title=Festival de Cannes: Thelma & Louise |url=http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/71/year/1992.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015235929/http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/71/year/1992.html |archive-date=October 15, 2014 |access-date=August 12, 2009 |website=festival-cannes.com}}</ref> Theatrical release was delayed due to financial turmoil at [[MGM-Pathé Communications|MGM-Pathé]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1= McClintick|first1= David|date= July 8, 1996|title= The Predator: How an Italian thug looted MGM, brought Credit Lyonnais to its knees, and made the Pope cry|journal= [[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]|url= https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1996/07/08/214344/index.htm|access-date= July 19, 2020|archive-date= November 8, 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201108000812/https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1996/07/08/214344/index.htm|url-status= live}}</ref> The film eventually opened in American theaters on May 24, 1991<ref name="afi" /> and was a box office success, grossing $45 million within the country.<ref>{{cite web |last=Gibson |first=Caitlin |date=April 20, 2016 |title=25 years ago, 'Thelma & Louise' was a radical statement. Sadly, it still is. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/25-years-ago-thelma-and-louise-was-a-radical-statement-sadly-it-still-is/2016/04/20/9abf1ea6-0256-11e6-9203-7b8670959b88_story.html |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812122548/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/25-years-ago-thelma-and-louise-was-a-radical-statement-sadly-it-still-is/2016/04/20/9abf1ea6-0256-11e6-9203-7b8670959b88_story.html |archive-date=August 12, 2016 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=July 19, 2020}}{{cbignore}}</ref> |
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In February 2023, [[The Criterion Collection]] announced the film would be joining the collection in May that year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://collider.com/criterion-releases-may-2023-thelma-and-louise-petite-maman/|title='Thelma & Louise,' 'Petite Maman,' and More Coming to Criterion in May|date=February 15, 2023|website=Collider}}</ref> |
In February 2023, [[The Criterion Collection]] announced the film would be joining the collection in May that year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://collider.com/criterion-releases-may-2023-thelma-and-louise-petite-maman/|title='Thelma & Louise,' 'Petite Maman,' and More Coming to Criterion in May|date=February 15, 2023|website=Collider}}</ref> |
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[[Roger Ebert]] also praised the film but withheld a perfect score on the basis of "the last shot before the titles begin. It's a freeze frame that fades to white, which is fine, except it does so with unseemly haste .... It's unsettling to get involved in a movie that takes 128 minutes to bring you to a payoff that the filmmakers seem to fear."{{r|Ebert (1991)}} |
[[Roger Ebert]] also praised the film but withheld a perfect score on the basis of "the last shot before the titles begin. It's a freeze frame that fades to white, which is fine, except it does so with unseemly haste .... It's unsettling to get involved in a movie that takes 128 minutes to bring you to a payoff that the filmmakers seem to fear."{{r|Ebert (1991)}} |
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⚫ | After watching the film, singer-songwriter [[Tori Amos]] wrote "[[Me and a Gun]]", the story of her rape several years earlier.<ref>{{cite news |title=Chasing Away the Demons |url=https://abcnews.go.com/onair/2020/transcripts/2020_990215toriamos_trans.html | |
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⚫ | The final scene, where the |
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⚫ | |||
On [[review aggregator]] [[Rotten Tomatoes]], the film holds an approval rating of 86% based on 147 reviews, with an average rating of 7.9/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Simultaneously funny, heartbreaking, and peppered with action, Ridley Scott's ''Thelma & Louise'' is a potent, well-acted road movie that transcends the feminist message at its core."<ref>{{cite web |title=''Thelma & Louise'' |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/thelma_and_louise |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |access-date=2 March 2023}}</ref> On [[Metacritic]], the film received a score of 88 based on 12 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".<ref>{{cite web |title=''Thelma & Louise'' |url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/thelma-louise |website=[[Metacritic]] |access-date=13 July 2022}}</ref> |
On [[review aggregator]] [[Rotten Tomatoes]], the film holds an approval rating of 86% based on 147 reviews, with an average rating of 7.9/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Simultaneously funny, heartbreaking, and peppered with action, Ridley Scott's ''Thelma & Louise'' is a potent, well-acted road movie that transcends the feminist message at its core."<ref>{{cite web |title=''Thelma & Louise'' |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/thelma_and_louise |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |access-date=2 March 2023}}</ref> On [[Metacritic]], the film received a score of 88 based on 12 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".<ref>{{cite web |title=''Thelma & Louise'' |url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/thelma-louise |website=[[Metacritic]] |access-date=13 July 2022}}</ref> |
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The film placed second to ''[[The Silence of the Lambs (film)|The Silence of the Lambs]]'' as the best film of 1991 in a poll of 81 critics.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=McGilligan |first1=Pat |last2=Rowl |first2=Mark |date=January 12, 1992 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1992/01/12/and-the-winner-is/1fa1a16b-3410-4528-a530-a61cf56ac11e/ |title=And the winner is... - the Washington Post |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=May 9, 2020 |archive-date=August 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200818115322/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1992/01/12/and-the-winner-is/1fa1a16b-3410-4528-a530-a61cf56ac11e/ |url-status=live}}</ref> |
The film placed second to ''[[The Silence of the Lambs (film)|The Silence of the Lambs]]'' as the best film of 1991 in a poll of 81 critics.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=McGilligan |first1=Pat |last2=Rowl |first2=Mark |date=January 12, 1992 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1992/01/12/and-the-winner-is/1fa1a16b-3410-4528-a530-a61cf56ac11e/ |title=And the winner is... - the Washington Post |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=May 9, 2020 |archive-date=August 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200818115322/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1992/01/12/and-the-winner-is/1fa1a16b-3410-4528-a530-a61cf56ac11e/ |url-status=live}}</ref> |
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⚫ | Many critics and writers have remarked on the strong [[feminist]] overtones of ''Thelma & Louise''. Film critic [[B. Ruby Rich]] praises the film as an uncompromising validation of women's experiences,<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Rich |first=B. Ruby |
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⚫ | In her review for the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'', film critic [[Sheila Benson]] |
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⚫ | In |
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⚫ | In an article commemorating the film's 20th anniversary in 2011, Raina Lipsitz called it "the last great film about women" and said that it heralded the achievements of women that caused 1992 to become "the year of the woman".{{r|Lipsitz (2011)}} However, she also said that women-themed films have since been losing ground.{{r|Lipsitz (2011)}} |
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=== Accolades === |
=== Accolades === |
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! Result |
! Result |
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|- |
|- |
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| rowspan="5"| 20/20 Awards |
| rowspan="5" | 20/20 Awards |
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| colspan="2"| Best Picture |
| colspan="2" | Best Picture |
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| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| {{won}} |
| {{won}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| rowspan="6"| [[64th Academy Awards|Academy Awards]]<ref name="Oscars1992">{{Cite web |
| rowspan="6" | [[64th Academy Awards|Academy Awards]]<ref name="Oscars1992">{{Cite web |title=The 64th Academy Awards (1992) Nominees and Winners |url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1992 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706095833/http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/legacy/ceremony/64th-winners.html |archive-date=July 6, 2011 |access-date=October 22, 2011 |website=[[Academy Awards]]}}</ref> |
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| [[Academy Award for Best Director|Best Director]] |
| [[Academy Award for Best Director|Best Director]] |
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| [[Ridley Scott]] |
| [[Ridley Scott]] |
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| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| rowspan="2"| [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] |
| rowspan="2" | [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] |
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| [[Geena Davis]] |
| [[Geena Davis]] |
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| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
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| [[1992 Australian Film Institute Awards|Australian Film Institute Awards]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aacta.org/winners-nominees/1990-1999/1992.aspx|title=AFI Past Winners - 1992 Winners & Nominees|work=AFI-AACTA|access-date=24 December 2015 }}</ref> |
| [[1992 Australian Film Institute Awards|Australian Film Institute Awards]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aacta.org/winners-nominees/1990-1999/1992.aspx|title=AFI Past Winners - 1992 Winners & Nominees|work=AFI-AACTA|access-date=24 December 2015 }}</ref> |
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| [[Australian Film Institute Award for Best Foreign Film|Best Foreign Film]] |
| [[Australian Film Institute Award for Best Foreign Film|Best Foreign Film]] |
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| rowspan="2"| Mimi Polk Gitlin and Ridley Scott |
| rowspan="2" | Mimi Polk Gitlin and Ridley Scott |
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| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| rowspan="9"| Awards Circuit Community Awards |
| rowspan="9" | Awards Circuit Community Awards |
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| Best Motion Picture |
| Best Motion Picture |
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| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
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| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| rowspan="2"| Best Actress in a Leading Role |
| rowspan="2" | Best Actress in a Leading Role |
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| Geena Davis |
| Geena Davis |
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| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
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| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| colspan="2"| Best Cast Ensemble |
| colspan="2" | Best Cast Ensemble |
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| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| colspan="2"| Best Stunt Ensemble |
| colspan="2" | Best Stunt Ensemble |
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| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| [[Bodil Awards]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=1992 – Bodilprisen |url=https://www.bodilprisen.dk/aar-for-aar/1992-2/ |access-date=2024-02-15 |website=bodilprisen.dk |language=da-DK}}</ref> |
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| [[Bodil Awards]] |
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| [[Bodil Award for Best American Film|Best Non-European Film]] |
| [[Bodil Award for Best American Film|Best Non-European Film]] |
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| Ridley Scott |
| Ridley Scott |
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| {{won}} |
| {{won}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| rowspan="8"| [[45th British Academy Film Awards|British Academy Film Awards]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://awards.bafta.org/award/1992/film |title=BAFTA Awards: Film in 1992 |website=[[BAFTA]] |year=1992 |access-date=16 September 2016 |ref={{harvid|BAFTA|1992}}}}</ref> |
| rowspan="8" | [[45th British Academy Film Awards|British Academy Film Awards]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://awards.bafta.org/award/1992/film |title=BAFTA Awards: Film in 1992 |website=[[BAFTA]] |year=1992 |access-date=16 September 2016 |ref={{harvid|BAFTA|1992}}}}</ref> |
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| [[BAFTA Award for Best Film|Best Film]] |
| [[BAFTA Award for Best Film|Best Film]] |
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| Mimi Polk Gitlin and Ridley Scott |
| Mimi Polk Gitlin and Ridley Scott |
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| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| rowspan="2"| [[BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role|Best Actress in a Leading Role]] |
| rowspan="2" | [[BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role|Best Actress in a Leading Role]] |
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| Geena Davis |
| Geena Davis |
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| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
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| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| rowspan="6"| [[Chicago Film Critics Association Awards 1991|Chicago Film Critics Association Awards]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://chicagofilmcritics.org/awards-blog/archives |title=1988-2013 Award Winner Archives |website=[[Chicago Film Critics Association]] |date=January 2013 |access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> |
| rowspan="6" | [[Chicago Film Critics Association Awards 1991|Chicago Film Critics Association Awards]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://chicagofilmcritics.org/awards-blog/archives |title=1988-2013 Award Winner Archives |website=[[Chicago Film Critics Association]] |date=January 2013 |access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> |
||
| colspan="2"| [[Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Film|Best Film]] |
| colspan="2" | [[Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Film|Best Film]] |
||
| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
Line 282: | Line 266: | ||
| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="2"| [[Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] |
| rowspan="2" | [[Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] |
||
| Geena Davis |
| Geena Davis |
||
| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
||
Line 297: | Line 281: | ||
| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[17th César Awards|César Awards]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.academie-cinema.org/evenements/ceremonie-des-cesar-1992/ | |
| [[17th César Awards|César Awards]]<ref>{{cite web |title=The 1992 Caesars Ceremony |url=https://www.academie-cinema.org/evenements/ceremonie-des-cesar-1992/ |access-date=July 5, 2021 |website=[[César Awards]]}}</ref> |
||
| [[César Award for Best Foreign Film|Best Foreign Film]] |
| [[César Award for Best Foreign Film|Best Foreign Film]] |
||
| Ridley Scott |
| Ridley Scott |
||
| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="3"| [[Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association|Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards]] |
| rowspan="3" | [[Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association|Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards]] |
||
| colspan="2"| [[Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award for Best Film|Best Film]] |
| colspan="2" | [[Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award for Best Film|Best Film]] |
||
| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
Line 314: | Line 298: | ||
| {{won}} |
| {{won}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="3"| [[David di Donatello|David di Donatello Awards]] |
| rowspan="3" | [[David di Donatello|David di Donatello Awards]] |
||
| [[David di Donatello for Best Foreign Film|Best Foreign Film]] |
| [[David di Donatello for Best Foreign Film|Best Foreign Film]] |
||
| Ridley Scott |
| Ridley Scott |
||
| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="2"| [[David di Donatello for Best Foreign Actress|Best Foreign Actress]] |
| rowspan="2" | [[David di Donatello for Best Foreign Actress|Best Foreign Actress]] |
||
| Geena Davis |
| Geena Davis |
||
| {{won}}{{efn|Tied with [[Susan Sarandon]].}} |
| {{won}}{{efn|Tied with [[Susan Sarandon]].}} |
||
Line 331: | Line 315: | ||
| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="4"| [[49th Golden Globe Awards|Golden Globe Awards]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goldenglobes.com/film/thelma-louise |title=Thelma & Louise – Golden Globes |website=[[HFPA]] |access-date=July 5, 2021 |ref={{harvid|HFPA|1992}}}}</ref> |
| rowspan="4" | [[49th Golden Globe Awards|Golden Globe Awards]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goldenglobes.com/film/thelma-louise |title=Thelma & Louise – Golden Globes |website=[[HFPA]] |access-date=July 5, 2021 |ref={{harvid|HFPA|1992}}}}</ref> |
||
| colspan="2"| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama|Best Motion Picture – Drama]] |
| colspan="2" | [[Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama|Best Motion Picture – Drama]] |
||
| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="2"| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama|Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama]] |
| rowspan="2" | [[Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama|Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama]] |
||
| Geena Davis |
| Geena Davis |
||
| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
||
Line 346: | Line 330: | ||
| {{won}} |
| {{won}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="3"| [[London Film Critics Circle Awards 1991|London Film Critics Circle Awards]] |
| rowspan="3" | [[London Film Critics Circle Awards 1991|London Film Critics Circle Awards]] |
||
| colspan="2"| [[London Film Critics' Circle Award for Film of the Year|Film of the Year]] |
| colspan="2" | [[London Film Critics' Circle Award for Film of the Year|Film of the Year]] |
||
| {{won}} |
| {{won}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
Line 360: | Line 344: | ||
| [[1991 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards|Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lafca.net/Years/1991.php |title=The Annual 17th Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards |website=[[Los Angeles Film Critics Association]] |access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> |
| [[1991 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards|Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lafca.net/Years/1991.php |title=The Annual 17th Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards |website=[[Los Angeles Film Critics Association]] |access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> |
||
| [[Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] |
| [[Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] |
||
| rowspan="2"| Geena Davis |
| rowspan="2" | Geena Davis |
||
| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="2"| [[1992 MTV Movie Awards|MTV Movie Awards]] |
| rowspan="2" | [[1992 MTV Movie Awards|MTV Movie Awards]] |
||
| [[MTV Movie Award for Best Actor in a Movie|Best Female Performance]] |
| [[MTV Movie Award for Best Actor in a Movie|Best Female Performance]] |
||
| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
||
Line 371: | Line 355: | ||
| {{nom}} |
| {{nom}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="2"| [[Nastro d'Argento]] |
| rowspan="2" | [[Nastro d'Argento]] |
||
| Best Foreign Director |
| Best Foreign Director |
||
| Ridley Scott |
| Ridley Scott |
||
Line 380: | Line 364: | ||
| {{won}} |
| {{won}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="2"| [[National Board of Review Awards 1991|National Board of Review Awards]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nationalboardofreview.org/award-years/1991/ |title=1991 Award Winners |website=[[National Board of Review]] |access-date=July 5, 2021}}</ref> |
| rowspan="2" | [[National Board of Review Awards 1991|National Board of Review Awards]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nationalboardofreview.org/award-years/1991/ |title=1991 Award Winners |website=[[National Board of Review]] |access-date=July 5, 2021}}</ref> |
||
| colspan="2"| [[National Board of Review: Top Ten Films|Top Ten Films]] |
| colspan="2" | [[National Board of Review: Top Ten Films|Top Ten Films]] |
||
| {{draw|4th Place}} |
| {{draw|4th Place}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
Line 388: | Line 372: | ||
| {{won}} |
| {{won}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[National Film Preservation Board]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rainey |first=James |date=2016-12-14 |title=‘The Birds,’ ‘The Lion King,’ ‘Thelma & Louise’ Join National Film Registry |url=https://variety.com/2016/film/news/national-film-registry-2016-the-birds-the-lion-king-thelma-louise-1201940318/ |access-date=2024-02-15 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref> |
|||
| [[National Film Preservation Board]] |
|||
| colspan="2"| [[National Film Registry]] |
| colspan="2" | [[National Film Registry]] |
||
| {{won|Inducted}} |
| {{won|Inducted}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="2"| [[1991 National Society of Film Critics Awards|National Society of Film Critics Awards]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nationalsocietyoffilmcritics.com/about-2/ |title=Past Awards |website=[[National Society of Film Critics]] |date=December 19, 2009 |access-date=July 5, 2021}}</ref> |
| rowspan="2" | [[1991 National Society of Film Critics Awards|National Society of Film Critics Awards]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nationalsocietyoffilmcritics.com/about-2/ |title=Past Awards |website=[[National Society of Film Critics]] |date=December 19, 2009 |access-date=July 5, 2021}}</ref> |
||
| [[National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] |
| [[National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] |
||
| Susan Sarandon |
| Susan Sarandon |
||
Line 401: | Line 385: | ||
| {{won}} |
| {{won}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="2"| [[1991 New York Film Critics Circle Awards|New York Film Critics Circle Awards]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mubi.com/awards-and-festivals/nyfccas?year=1991 |title=1991 New York Film Critics Circle Awards |website=[[Mubi (streaming service)|Mubi]] |access-date=July 5, 2021}}</ref> |
| rowspan="2" | [[1991 New York Film Critics Circle Awards|New York Film Critics Circle Awards]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mubi.com/awards-and-festivals/nyfccas?year=1991 |title=1991 New York Film Critics Circle Awards |website=[[Mubi (streaming service)|Mubi]] |access-date=July 5, 2021}}</ref> |
||
| [[New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] |
| [[New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] |
||
| Geena Davis and Susan Sarandon |
| Geena Davis and Susan Sarandon |
||
Line 411: | Line 395: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| Online Film & Television Association Awards<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oftaawards.com/film-hall-of-fame/film-hall-of-fame-productions/ |title=Film Hall of Fame Productions |website=Online Film & Television Association |access-date=May 15, 2021}}</ref> |
| Online Film & Television Association Awards<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oftaawards.com/film-hall-of-fame/film-hall-of-fame-productions/ |title=Film Hall of Fame Productions |website=Online Film & Television Association |access-date=May 15, 2021}}</ref> |
||
| colspan="2"| Hall of Fame – Motion Picture |
| colspan="2" | Hall of Fame – Motion Picture |
||
| {{won}} |
| {{won}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[PEN Center USA|PEN Center USA West Literary Awards]]<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=1992-03-18 |title=PAGES : PEN Center West Honors Writers |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-03-18-vw-3849-story.html |access-date=2024-02-15 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> |
|||
| [[PEN Center USA|PEN Center USA West Literary Awards]] |
|||
| Screenplay |
| Screenplay |
||
| Callie Khouri |
| Callie Khouri |
||
Line 425: | Line 409: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Turkish Film Critics Association|Turkish Film Critics Association Awards]] |
| [[Turkish Film Critics Association|Turkish Film Critics Association Awards]] |
||
| colspan="2"| Best Foreign Film |
| colspan="2" | Best Foreign Film |
||
| {{draw|3rd Place}} |
| {{draw|3rd Place}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="2"| [[Valladolid International Film Festival]] |
| rowspan="2" | [[Valladolid International Film Festival]]<ref name="afi" /> |
||
| Golden Spike |
| Golden Spike |
||
| rowspan="2"| Ridley Scott |
| rowspan="2" | Ridley Scott |
||
| {{won}}{{efn|Tied with [[Atom Egoyan]] for ''[[The Adjuster]]''.}} |
| {{won}}{{efn|Tied with [[Atom Egoyan]] for ''[[The Adjuster]]''.}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
Line 444: | Line 428: | ||
'''[[AFI 100 Years... series|American Film Institute]]''' |
'''[[AFI 100 Years... series|American Film Institute]]''' |
||
* [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers]] - #78<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI’s 100 |
* [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers]] - #78<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI’s 100 Years…100 Cheers |url=https://www.afi.com/afis-100-years-100-cheers/ |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=American Film Institute |language=en}}</ref> |
||
* [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains|AFI's 100 Years…100 Heroes and Villains]] - #24<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI’s 100 Years…100 Heroes & Villains |url=https://www.afi.com/afis-100-years-100-heroes-villians/ |access-date=2024-02-15 |website=American Film Institute |language=en}}</ref> |
|||
* [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills|AFI's 100 Years…100 Thrills]] - #76<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI’s 100 Years…100 Thrills |url=https://www.afi.com/afis-100-years-100-thrills/ |access-date=2024-02-15 |website=American Film Institute |language=en}}</ref> |
|||
The [[British Film Institute]] published a book about the film in 2000{{sfn|Sturken|2000}} as part of a Modern Classics series. On the [[Writers Guild of America Award]]'s list of 101 best screenplays, it made No.{{nbsp}}72.{{r|Writers Guild of America West, 101}} |
The [[British Film Institute]] published a book about the film in 2000{{sfn|Sturken|2000}} as part of a Modern Classics series. On the [[Writers Guild of America Award]]'s list of 101 best screenplays, it made No.{{nbsp}}72.{{r|Writers Guild of America West, 101}} |
||
== Legacy == |
|||
⚫ | The final scene, where the title characters embrace before committing suicide by driving off a cliff, has become iconic.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Valentine |first1=Genevieve |date=2 July 2017 |title=How Thelma & Louise Drove Hollywood 'Off The Cliff' |url=https://www.npr.org/2017/07/02/533819096/how-thelma-louise-drove-hollywood-off-the-cliff?t=1535239985388 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826043950/https://www.npr.org/2017/07/02/533819096/how-thelma-louise-drove-hollywood-off-the-cliff?t=1535239985388 |archive-date=August 26, 2018 |access-date=25 August 2018 |website=[[NPR]]}}</ref><ref name="afi" /> Numerous homages and parodies of the scene have appeared, including alternate film endings, cartoon parodies,<ref>{{cite web |title=References Thelma and Lousie |url=http://www.duffzone.org/content.php?title=refthelma |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826044036/http://www.duffzone.org/content.php?title=refthelma |archive-date=August 26, 2018 |access-date=26 August 2018 |website=duffzone.org}}</ref> video game "[[Easter egg (media)|Easter eggs]]",<ref>{{cite web |last1=Jenkins |first1=Steve |date=1 November 2013 |title=Best GTA 5 Easter Eggs: UFOs, Bigfoot, Playboy Mansion, and more! |url=http://www.cheatcodes.com/extra/2013/11/01/all-gta-5-easter-eggs-ufos-bigfoot-playboy-mansion-and-more/11/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826044124/http://www.cheatcodes.com/extra/2013/11/01/all-gta-5-easter-eggs-ufos-bigfoot-playboy-mansion-and-more/11/ |archive-date=August 26, 2018 |access-date=25 August 2018 |website=cheatcodes.com}}</ref> and as a tragic ending to television series, music videos,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gorton |first1=Thomas |date=2 July 2015 |title=All the cult film references in 'Bitch Better Have My Money' |url=http://www.dazeddigital.com/music/article/25313/1/all-the-cult-film-references-in-bitch-better-have-my-money |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826044028/http://www.dazeddigital.com/music/article/25313/1/all-the-cult-film-references-in-bitch-better-have-my-money |archive-date=August 26, 2018 |access-date=25 August 2018 |website=[[Dazed Digital]]}}</ref> and commercials.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ouzounian |first1=Richard |date=June 6, 2011 |title=Driving off a cliff into movie lore |url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/2011/06/06/driving_off_a_cliff_into_movie_lore.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826044106/https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/2011/06/06/driving_off_a_cliff_into_movie_lore.html |archive-date=August 26, 2018 |access-date=25 August 2018 |work=The Star}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=7 February 2012 |title=Couple die in 'Thelma & Louise suicide' off 350ft cliff |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/couple-die-in-thelma--louise-148326 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826044001/https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/couple-die-in-thelma--louise-148326 |archive-date=August 26, 2018 |access-date=25 August 2018 |work=The Daily Mirror}}</ref> Right after the film's release, there were even a few copy cats who committed suicide by driving off the edge of the Grand Canyon.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-24 |title=Grand Canyon Deaths [2023] |url=https://www.hastingsandhastings.com/grand-canyon-deaths/ |access-date=2023-05-01 |website=Hastings & Hastings |language=en-US}}</ref> |
||
⚫ | After watching the film, singer-songwriter [[Tori Amos]] wrote "[[Me and a Gun]]", the story of her rape several years earlier.<ref>{{cite news |date=February 15, 1999 |title=Chasing Away the Demons |url=https://abcnews.go.com/onair/2020/transcripts/2020_990215toriamos_trans.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010625164506/http://www.abcnews.go.com/onair/2020/transcripts/2020_990215toriamos_trans.html |archive-date=June 25, 2001 |work=20/20}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=November 11, 2017 |title=Tori Amos on Her New Album and the "Muses" That Inspire Her Songs |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/tori-amos-songwriting-new-album-native-invader/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180428011940/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/tori-amos-songwriting-new-album-native-invader/ |archive-date=April 28, 2018 |access-date=April 27, 2018 |work=CBS This Morning}}</ref> |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | Many critics and writers have remarked on the strong [[feminist]] overtones of ''Thelma & Louise''. Film critic [[B. Ruby Rich]] praises the film as an uncompromising validation of women's experiences,<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Rich |first=B. Ruby |date=February 18, 2003 |title=Two for the Road |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I2QEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA48 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819120840/https://books.google.com/books?id=I2QEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA48 |archive-date=August 19, 2020 |access-date=July 7, 2018 |magazine=[[The Advocate (LGBT magazine)|The Advocate]] |pages=48–49}}</ref> while [[Kenneth Turan]] calls it a "[[Neofeminism|neo-feminist]] [[road movie]]".<ref>{{cite book |last=Dunne |first=Michael |title=Intertextual Encounters in American Fiction, Film, and Popular Culture |publisher=Bowling Green State University Popular Press |year=2001 |isbn=0-87972-848-5 |page=89}}</ref> Jessica Enevold argues that the film constitutes "an attack on conventional patterns of [[Chauvinism|chauvinist]] male behavior toward females". In addition, it "exposes the traditional stereotyping of male–female relationships" while rescripting the typical gender roles of the road movie genre.<ref>{{cite book |last=Enevold |first=Jessica |title=Gender, Genre & Identity in Women's Travel Writing |year=2004 |isbn=0-8204-4905-9 |location=New York |pages=73–95 |chapter=The Daughters of Thelma and Louise}}</ref> |
||
⚫ | In her review for the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'', film critic [[Sheila Benson]] objected to the characterization of the film as feminist, arguing that it is more preoccupied with revenge and violence than feminist values.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Benson |first=Sheila |author-link=Sheila Benson |date=May 31, 1991 |title=True or False: Thelma & Louise Just Good Ol' Boys? : For all its craftsmanship, the Ridley Scott film is just a high-toned 'Smokey and the Bandit' with a downbeat ending and a woman at the wheel |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-05-31-ca-2730-story.html |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928020331/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-05-31-ca-2730-story.html |archive-date=September 28, 2020 |access-date=January 24, 2024 |work=[[The Los Angeles Times]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref> |
||
⚫ | In a retrospective review for the ''[[New York Post]]'', film critic [[Kyle Smith (critic)|Kyle Smith]] described the film as "a misogynist tale about unbelievably ditzy women who lose what remains of their reason under pressure and suffer the ultimate punishment."{{r|Smith (2016)}} Smith's review focused on the terrible decisions these female characters make throughout the entire film.{{r|Smith (2016)}} |
||
⚫ | In an article commemorating the film's 20th anniversary in 2011, Raina Lipsitz called it "the last great film about women" and said that it heralded the achievements of women that caused 1992 to become "the year of the woman".{{r|Lipsitz (2011)}} However, she also said that women-themed films have since been losing ground.{{r|Lipsitz (2011)}} |
||
== Stage adaptation == |
== Stage adaptation == |
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{{Wikiquote}} |
{{Wikiquote}} |
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* |
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* {{Official website}} |
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* {{IMDb title|0103074}} |
* {{IMDb title|0103074}} |
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* {{AllMovie title|49351}} |
* {{AllMovie title|49351}} |
Revision as of 16:35, 15 February 2024
Thelma & Louise | |
---|---|
Directed by | Ridley Scott |
Written by | Callie Khouri |
Produced by |
|
Starring | |
Cinematography | Adrian Biddle |
Edited by | Thom Noble |
Music by | Hans Zimmer |
Production companies |
|
Distributed by | MGM-Pathé Communications |
Release dates |
|
Running time | 129 minutes |
Land | United States[1] |
Sprache | Englisch |
Budget | $16.5 million[2] |
Box office | $45.4 million[2] |
Thelma & Louise is a 1991 American film directed by Ridley Scott and written by Callie Khouri with elements of multiple genres which has been described as a drama, adventure or road movie[1] with elements of a romantic comedy.[3]
The film stars Susan Sarandon as Louise and Geena Davis as Thelma, two friends who embark on a road trip that ends up in unforeseen circumstances. Filming took place in California and Utah from June to August 1990. The supporting cast includes Harvey Keitel, Michael Madsen, Christopher McDonald, and a then-unknown Brad Pitt in one of his first major film roles.
Thelma & Louise premiered at the Cannes Film Festival on May 20, 1991, before being released theatrically in the United States on May 24. It later became a critical and commercial success, receiving six Academy Award nominations and winning for Best Original Screenplay. Scott was nominated for Best Director, and both Sarandon and Davis were nominated for Best Actress. To date, this is the most recent film to have two actors nominated in the same category for either Best Actor or Best Actress. It influenced other films and artistic works and became a landmark of feminist film.
In 2006, the American Film Institute ranked the film 78th on its list of most inspiring films. In 2016, the United States Library of Congress selected the film for preservation in the National Film Registry, finding it "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Plot
Two friends, Thelma Dickinson and Louise Sawyer, set out for a weekend vacation at a fishing cabin in the mountains to take a break from their dreary lives in Arkansas. Thelma, a housewife, is married to disrespectful and controlling carpet salesman Darryl, while sharp-tongued Louise works as a waitress in a diner and is dating easygoing musician Jimmy, who is on the road most of the time.
On the way, they stop at a roadhouse bar, where Thelma dances with a flirtatious stranger, Harlan Puckett. He takes her to the parking lot and tries to rape her until Louise intervenes and threatens to shoot him. As the women walk away, Harlan yells he should've continued the rape, causing Louise to fatally shoot him in a fit of rage.
At a motel they discuss how to handle the situation. Thelma wants to go to the police, but Louise fears that no one will believe a claim of attempted rape as Thelma was drinking and dancing with Harlan and they have no evidence of the rape; consequently they will be charged with murder. They decide to flee to Mexico, but Louise demands they travel there without going through Texas, as something happened to her there several years earlier which she refuses to reveal. Heading west, they come across an attractive young drifter, J.D., to whom Thelma takes a liking. Louise contacts Jimmy, asking him to wire her life savings to her. He surprises her by delivering the money in person, and they spend the night together. Jimmy proposes to Louise, but she refuses. Thelma invites J.D. to her room, and they sleep together. She learns he is a convicted armed-robber who has violated the terms of his parole.
The following morning, they discover J.D. has stolen Louise's savings and fled. Louise is distraught, so a guilty Thelma takes charge and later robs a nearby convenience store using tactics she learned from J.D. Meanwhile, the FBI closes in on them after witnesses at the bar identify Louise's 1966 Ford Thunderbird convertible. Their whereabouts are also questioned by the owner of the fishing cabin after they fail to arrive.
Arkansas State Police Investigator Hal Slocumb, leading the investigation, questions both J.D. (who was caught) and Jimmy, and taps into the phone line at Darryl's house. He sympathizes with the pair's situation, and understands why they did not report Harlan's killing (partly due to Louise's own experience in Texas). During a few brief phone conversations with Louise, Hal expresses his sympathy but is unsuccessful in persuading her to surrender.
Thelma tells Louise she understands if she wants to go back home, knowing she has Jimmy waiting for her, but explains she cannot go back to Darryl. Louise promises they will keep going together. While back on the road, Thelma recalls the incident with Harlan and tries to ask Louise if what happened with Harlan was what happened to her in Texas. Louise responds angrily and tells Thelma to never bring it up again.
Later, they are pulled over by a New Mexico state trooper for speeding. Knowing he will soon discover they are wanted for murder and armed robbery, Thelma holds him at gunpoint and locks him in the trunk of his police car. Driving further west, they encounter a foul-mouthed truck driver who repeatedly makes obscene gestures at them. They pull over and demand an apology from him; when he refuses, they fire at his fuel tanker, causing it to explode. The women leave him stranded in the desert, furious, with the tanker's wreckage.
Thelma and Louise are finally cornered by the authorities only a hundred yards from the edge of the Grand Canyon. Hal arrives on the scene, but the women refuse his last attempt to talk them into surrendering. Rather than be captured, Thelma proposes that they "keep going". Louise asks Thelma if she is certain, and Thelma says yes. They kiss and then hold hands, Louise steps on the gas, and, as Hal desperately pursues them on foot, they accelerate over the cliff to their implied deaths.
Cast
- Susan Sarandon as Louise Sawyer
- Geena Davis as Thelma Dickinson
- Harvey Keitel as Arkansas State Police Detective Hal Slocumb
- Michael Madsen as Jimmy Lennox
- Christopher McDonald as Darryl Dickinson
- Stephen Tobolowsky as FBI Agent Max
- Brad Pitt as J.D.
- Timothy Carhart as Harlan Puckett
- Lucinda Jenney as The Waitress
- Jason Beghe as State Trooper
- Marco St. John as Truck Driver
Production
Development
The idea for Thelma & Louise originated in the spring of 1988 when Callie Khouri, then a music video producer, was driving home from work to her apartment in Santa Monica. She spent the following six months working on her first screenplay, which was noted to have drawn inspiration from her own experience as well as her friendship with country music singer Pam Tillis.[4] She had intended it to be a low-budget independent film, directed by herself and produced by fellow music video producer Amanda Temple (wife of English filmmaker Julien Temple).[4]
After shopping the project around and finding no takers, Temple showed the script to her friend Mimi Polk Gitlin, who ran Ridley Scott's Percy Main Productions (later Scott Free Productions). Gitlin in turn showed the script to Scott, who expressed great enthusiasm for the project. He agreed to produce the film and bought the film rights for $500,000. Pathé Entertainment, then led by Scott's friend and collaborator Alan Ladd Jr., came on board as a co-producer and financier.[4]
Scott considered four people for the role of director, all of whom turned down the opportunity. Per Gitlin's recollection, three of the candidates were Bob Rafelson, Kevin Reynolds and Richard Donner. Scott was reluctant to direct the film himself but eventually took on the role, having been persuaded by Michelle Pfeiffer.[4]
Casting
Michelle Pfeiffer and Jodie Foster were originally chosen for the leads; both accepted their roles with enthusiasm. As pre-production of the film dragged on, the two eventually dropped out, with Pfeiffer going on to star in Love Field and Foster in The Silence of the Lambs. Pfeiffer would later admit that passing on the film still kills her.[5] Meryl Streep and Goldie Hawn then offered to play the leads, but Streep later dropped out due to scheduling conflicts while Hawn was not considered right for the part (Hawn and Streep portrayed the lead duo a year later in Death Becomes Her). Geena Davis (who had been vigorously pursuing the lead role for nearly a year) and Susan Sarandon were ultimately chosen. The two took extensive driving and shooting lessons in preparation for their roles.[4]
Scott personally convinced Harvey Keitel to take on the role of Hal, the sympathetic Arkansas detective. The two had previously collaborated in Scott's feature directorial debut, the 1977 film The Duellists. Davis recommended her ex-boyfriend Christopher McDonald for the role of Darryl, Thelma's controlling husband. Scott wanted Michael Madsen for Harlan, Thelma's would-be rapist, but Madsen was unwilling; he eventually won the role of Jimmy, Louise's boyfriend. Brad Pitt auditioned for the hustler J.D.; however Scott thought he was "too young" for the role so they moved on, the part went to Billy Baldwin. Pitt eventually secured the role after both Baldwin and his replacement dropped out.[4][6] George Clooney,[7] Robert Downey Jr.,[8] Mark Ruffalo,[6] Grant Show, John Mellencamp,[9] Dylan McDermott,[6] James LeGros,[6] and Dermot Mulroney[6] were also considered for the role of J.D. Davis did test scenes with Clooney, Show, Ruffalo and Pitt; her advice to the directors was to choose Pitt.[10]
Filming
Principal photography for Thelma & Louise began on June 11, 1990, and concluded on August 31, 1990.[1] Although the setting for the film is a fictional route between Arkansas and the Grand Canyon, it was filmed almost entirely in the states of California and Utah. The primary filming locations were rural areas around Bakersfield, California and Moab, Utah. The Grand Canyon scenes were filmed just south of Dead Horse Point State Park in Utah.[11] Parts of the film were also shot at Shafer Overlook, Monument Valley, La Sal Mountains, La Sal Junction, Cisco, Old Valley City Reservoir, Thompson Springs, Arches National Park, and Crescent Junction in Utah.[12] Of filming his love scenes with Davis, Pitt said that it was awkward being naked with everybody standing.[6]
Soundtrack
Pete Haycock on slide guitar contributed to Thunderbird, the theme music for the film.[13] In addition to Glenn Frey's "Part of Me, Part of You", which became the film's primary theme song, the soundtrack included songs performed by Chris Whitley ("Kick The Stones"), Martha Reeves ("Wild Night" written by Van Morrison), Toni Childs ("House Of Hope"), Marianne Faithfull ("Ballad of Lucy Jordan" written by Shel Silverstein), Charlie Sexton ("Badlands"), Grayson Hugh ("I Can't Untie You From Me"), B.B. King ("Better Not Look Down" written by Joe Sample & Will Jennings), Michael McDonald ("No Lookin' Back"), The Temptations ("The Way You Do the Things You Do" written by Smokey Robinson & Bobby Rogers), and Johnny Nash ("I Can See Clearly Now").[14][15]
Release
Thelma & Louise was screened out of competition as the closing film at the 1991 Cannes Film Festival.[16] Theatrical release was delayed due to financial turmoil at MGM-Pathé.[17] The film eventually opened in American theaters on May 24, 1991[1] and was a box office success, grossing $45 million within the country.[18]
In February 2023, The Criterion Collection announced the film would be joining the collection in May that year.[19]
Reception
The film received critical acclaim. Janet Maslin of The New York Times had only praise for the film in her review:
Mr. Scott's Thelma and Louise, with a sparkling screenplay by the first-time writer Callie Khouri, is a surprise on this and many other scores. It reveals the previously untapped talent of Mr. Scott (best known for majestically moody action films like Alien, Blade Runner and Black Rain) for exuberant comedy, and for vibrant American imagery, notwithstanding his English roots. It reimagines the buddy film with such freshness and vigor that the genre seems positively new. It discovers unexpected resources in both its stars, Susan Sarandon and Geena Davis, who are perfectly teamed as the spirited and original title characters.[20]
Roger Ebert also praised the film but withheld a perfect score on the basis of "the last shot before the titles begin. It's a freeze frame that fades to white, which is fine, except it does so with unseemly haste .... It's unsettling to get involved in a movie that takes 128 minutes to bring you to a payoff that the filmmakers seem to fear."[21]
The film also received harsh criticism from those who thought it was biased against men and that its depictions of men were unfairly negative.[22][23]
On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 86% based on 147 reviews, with an average rating of 7.9/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Simultaneously funny, heartbreaking, and peppered with action, Ridley Scott's Thelma & Louise is a potent, well-acted road movie that transcends the feminist message at its core."[24] On Metacritic, the film received a score of 88 based on 12 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".[25]
The film placed second to The Silence of the Lambs as the best film of 1991 in a poll of 81 critics.[26]
Accolades
Award | Kategorie | Nominee(s) | Result |
---|---|---|---|
20/20 Awards | Best Picture | Nominated | |
Best Director | Ridley Scott | Nominated | |
Best Actress | Susan Sarandon | Nominated | |
Best Supporting Actress | Geena Davis | Won | |
Best Original Screenplay | Callie Khouri | Won | |
Academy Awards[27] | Best Director | Ridley Scott | Nominated |
Best Actress | Geena Davis | Nominated | |
Susan Sarandon | Nominated | ||
Best Screenplay – Written Directly for the Screen | Callie Khouri | Won | |
Best Cinematography | Adrian Biddle | Nominated | |
Best Film Editing | Thom Noble | Nominated | |
Australian Film Institute Awards[28] | Best Foreign Film | Mimi Polk Gitlin and Ridley Scott | Nominated |
Awards Circuit Community Awards | Best Motion Picture | Nominated | |
Best Director | Ridley Scott | Nominated | |
Best Actress in a Leading Role | Geena Davis | Nominated | |
Susan Sarandon | Nominated | ||
Best Original Screenplay | Callie Khouri | Won | |
Best Cinematography | Adrian Biddle | Nominated | |
Best Film Editing | Thom Noble | Nominated | |
Best Cast Ensemble | Nominated | ||
Best Stunt Ensemble | Nominated | ||
Bodil Awards[29] | Best Non-European Film | Ridley Scott | Won |
Boston Society of Film Critics Awards[30] | Best Actress | Geena Davis | Won |
British Academy Film Awards[31] | Best Film | Mimi Polk Gitlin and Ridley Scott | Nominated |
Best Direction | Ridley Scott | Nominated | |
Best Actress in a Leading Role | Geena Davis | Nominated | |
Susan Sarandon | Nominated | ||
Best Screenplay – Original | Callie Khouri | Nominated | |
Best Cinematography | Adrian Biddle | Nominated | |
Best Editing | Thom Noble | Nominated | |
Best Original Film Score | Hans Zimmer | Nominated | |
British Society of Cinematographers[32] | Best Cinematography in a Theatrical Feature Film | Adrian Biddle | Nominated |
Chicago Film Critics Association Awards[33] | Best Film | Nominated | |
Best Director | Ridley Scott | Nominated | |
Best Actress | Geena Davis | Nominated | |
Susan Sarandon | Nominated | ||
Best Screenplay | Callie Khouri | Nominated | |
Most Promising Actor | Brad Pitt | Nominated | |
César Awards[34] | Best Foreign Film | Ridley Scott | Nominated |
Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards | Best Film | Nominated | |
Best Actress | Geena Davis and Susan Sarandon | Nominated | |
Best Screenplay | Callie Khouri | Won | |
David di Donatello Awards | Best Foreign Film | Ridley Scott | Nominated |
Best Foreign Actress | Geena Davis | Won[a] | |
Susan Sarandon | Won[b] | ||
Directors Guild of America Awards[35] | Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures | Ridley Scott | Nominated |
Golden Globe Awards[36] | Best Motion Picture – Drama | Nominated | |
Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama | Geena Davis | Nominated | |
Susan Sarandon | Nominated | ||
Best Screenplay – Motion Picture | Callie Khouri | Won | |
London Film Critics Circle Awards | Film of the Year | Won | |
Director of the Year | Ridley Scott | Won | |
Actress of the Year | Susan Sarandon (also for White Palace) | Won | |
Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards[37] | Best Actress | Geena Davis | Nominated |
MTV Movie Awards | Best Female Performance | Nominated | |
Best On-Screen Duo | Geena Davis and Susan Sarandon | Nominated | |
Nastro d'Argento | Best Foreign Director | Ridley Scott | Nominated |
Best Female Dubbing | Rossella Izzo (for dubbing Susan Sarandon) | Won | |
National Board of Review Awards[38] | Top Ten Films | 4th Place | |
Best Actress | Geena Davis and Susan Sarandon | Won | |
National Film Preservation Board[39] | National Film Registry | Inducted | |
National Society of Film Critics Awards[40] | Best Actress | Susan Sarandon | 3rd Place |
Best Supporting Actor | Harvey Keitel (also for Bugsy and Mortal Thoughts) | Won | |
New York Film Critics Circle Awards[41] | Best Actress | Geena Davis and Susan Sarandon | Runner-up |
Best Screenplay | Callie Khouri | Nominated | |
Online Film & Television Association Awards[42] | Hall of Fame – Motion Picture | Won | |
PEN Center USA West Literary Awards[43] | Screenplay | Callie Khouri | Won |
Sant Jordi Awards | Best Foreign Actress | Susan Sarandon | Nominated |
Turkish Film Critics Association Awards | Best Foreign Film | 3rd Place | |
Valladolid International Film Festival[1] | Golden Spike | Ridley Scott | Won[c] |
Best Film (Audience Award) | Won | ||
Writers Guild of America Awards[44] | Best Screenplay – Written Directly for the Screen | Callie Khouri | Won |
- AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers - #78[45]
- AFI's 100 Years…100 Heroes and Villains - #24[46]
- AFI's 100 Years…100 Thrills - #76[47]
The British Film Institute published a book about the film in 2000[48] as part of a Modern Classics series. On the Writers Guild of America Award's list of 101 best screenplays, it made No. 72.[49]
Legacy
The final scene, where the title characters embrace before committing suicide by driving off a cliff, has become iconic.[50][1] Numerous homages and parodies of the scene have appeared, including alternate film endings, cartoon parodies,[51] video game "Easter eggs",[52] and as a tragic ending to television series, music videos,[53] and commercials.[54][55] Right after the film's release, there were even a few copy cats who committed suicide by driving off the edge of the Grand Canyon.[56]
After watching the film, singer-songwriter Tori Amos wrote "Me and a Gun", the story of her rape several years earlier.[57][58]
Feminism
Many critics and writers have remarked on the strong feminist overtones of Thelma & Louise. Film critic B. Ruby Rich praises the film as an uncompromising validation of women's experiences,[59] while Kenneth Turan calls it a "neo-feminist road movie".[60] Jessica Enevold argues that the film constitutes "an attack on conventional patterns of chauvinist male behavior toward females". In addition, it "exposes the traditional stereotyping of male–female relationships" while rescripting the typical gender roles of the road movie genre.[61]
In her review for the Los Angeles Times, film critic Sheila Benson objected to the characterization of the film as feminist, arguing that it is more preoccupied with revenge and violence than feminist values.[62]
In a retrospective review for the New York Post, film critic Kyle Smith described the film as "a misogynist tale about unbelievably ditzy women who lose what remains of their reason under pressure and suffer the ultimate punishment."[63] Smith's review focused on the terrible decisions these female characters make throughout the entire film.[63]
In an article commemorating the film's 20th anniversary in 2011, Raina Lipsitz called it "the last great film about women" and said that it heralded the achievements of women that caused 1992 to become "the year of the woman".[64] However, she also said that women-themed films have since been losing ground.[64]
Stage adaptation
In early 2021, it was announced that Khouri was adapting the film as a stage musical alongside Halley Feiffer, with original songs by Neko Case, and Trip Cullman attached to direct.[65] In January 2023, a workshop reading was held starring Amanda Seyfried and Evan Rachel Wood.[66]
Notes
- ^ Tied with Susan Sarandon.
- ^ Tied with Geena Davis.
- ^ Tied with Atom Egoyan for The Adjuster.
References
- ^ a b c d e f "Thelma & Louise (1991)". AFI Catalog of Feature Films. American Film Institute. Archived from the original on May 1, 2021. Retrieved January 28, 2023.
- ^ a b "Thelma & Louise". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Retrieved February 19, 2021.
- ^ Hutchinson, Pamela (May 24, 2021). "Thelma & Louise: The film that gave women firepower, desire and complex inner lives". The Independent. Retrieved January 29, 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f Weller, Sheila (February 11, 2012). "The Ride of a Lifetime". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on August 10, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
- ^ Lang, Brent (October 10, 2017). "Michelle Pfeiffer on Her Hollywood Hiatus and Return to Superhero Films". Variety.
- ^ a b c d e f Gillette, Sam (June 27, 2017). "Brad Pitt's Sex Scene in Thelma and Louise: Inside the Shoot". People.
- ^ Kimble, Lindsay (April 28, 2016). "Susan Sarandon & Geena Davis Talk Thelma & Louise, George Clooney's Audition". People. Retrieved February 15, 2024.
- ^ Harris, Hunter (June 27, 2017). "Brad Pitt's Breakout Role in Thelma & Louise Almost Went to Robert Downey Jr." Vulture. Retrieved October 11, 2021.
- ^ "John Mellencamp is Still Making Music for Everybody, No Matter Who They Voted for". HowardStern.com. March 1, 2017.
- ^ Perry, Kevin (October 22, 2022). "'I was screwing up his audition': Geena Davis on the moment she knew Brad Pitt was perfect for Thelma & Louise". The Independent. Retrieved October 22, 2022.
- ^ "Movies filmed in the Moab area". Moab Area Travel Council. Archived from the original on March 25, 2010. Retrieved July 29, 2008.
- ^ D'Arc, James V. (2010). When Hollywood Came to Town: A History of Moviemaking in Utah (1st ed.). Layton, Utah: Gibbs Smith. ISBN 9781423605874.
- ^ Perrone, Pierre (November 22, 2013). "Pete Haycock: Guitarist with the Climax Blues Band Who Went On to Write Film Music for John Badham and Franc Roddam". Obituaries. The Independent. Archived from the original on July 7, 2018. Retrieved July 7, 2018.
- ^ "Thelma and Louise soundtrack and songs list". InSoundtrack. November 13, 2018. Retrieved February 15, 2024.
- ^ "Various – Thelma & Louise (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)". discogs.com. July 2022. Retrieved July 31, 2022.
- ^ "Festival de Cannes: Thelma & Louise". festival-cannes.com. Archived from the original on October 15, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2009.
- ^ McClintick, David (July 8, 1996). "The Predator: How an Italian thug looted MGM, brought Credit Lyonnais to its knees, and made the Pope cry". Fortune. Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
- ^ Gibson, Caitlin (April 20, 2016). "25 years ago, 'Thelma & Louise' was a radical statement. Sadly, it still is". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on August 12, 2016. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
- ^ "'Thelma & Louise,' 'Petite Maman,' and More Coming to Criterion in May". Collider. February 15, 2023.
- ^ Maslin, Janet (May 24, 1991). "Review/Film; On the Run with 2 Buddies and a Gun". New York Times. Archived from the original on July 7, 2018. Retrieved July 7, 2018.
- ^ Ebert, Roger (1991). "Thelma & Louise". RogerEbert.com. Archived from the original on June 5, 2015. Retrieved July 7, 2018.
- ^ Carlson, Margaret (June 24, 1991). "Is This What Feminism Is All About?". Time. Archived from the original on July 7, 2018. Retrieved July 7, 2018.
- ^ Sawyers, June (July 7, 1991). "Callie Khouri Answers Critics of 'Thelma and Louise'". Features. Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on October 5, 2012. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
- ^ "Thelma & Louise". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved March 2, 2023.
- ^ "Thelma & Louise". Metacritic. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ McGilligan, Pat; Rowl, Mark (January 12, 1992). "And the winner is... - the Washington Post". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on August 18, 2020. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
- ^ "The 64th Academy Awards (1992) Nominees and Winners". Academy Awards. Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved October 22, 2011.
- ^ "AFI Past Winners - 1992 Winners & Nominees". AFI-AACTA. Retrieved December 24, 2015.
- ^ "1992 – Bodilprisen". bodilprisen.dk (in Danish). Retrieved February 15, 2024.
- ^ "BSFC Winners: 1990s". Boston Society of Film Critics. July 27, 2018. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "BAFTA Awards: Film in 1992". BAFTA. 1992. Retrieved September 16, 2016.
- ^ "Best Cinematography in Feature Film" (PDF). Retrieved June 3, 2021.
- ^ "1988-2013 Award Winner Archives". Chicago Film Critics Association. January 2013. Retrieved August 24, 2021.
- ^ "The 1992 Caesars Ceremony". César Awards. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "44th DGA Awards". Directors Guild of America Awards. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "Thelma & Louise – Golden Globes". HFPA. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "The Annual 17th Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards". Los Angeles Film Critics Association. Retrieved August 24, 2021.
- ^ "1991 Award Winners". National Board of Review. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Rainey, James (December 14, 2016). "'The Birds,' 'The Lion King,' 'Thelma & Louise' Join National Film Registry". Variety. Retrieved February 15, 2024.
- ^ "Past Awards". National Society of Film Critics. December 19, 2009. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "1991 New York Film Critics Circle Awards". Mubi. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "Film Hall of Fame Productions". Online Film & Television Association. Retrieved May 15, 2021.
- ^ "PAGES : PEN Center West Honors Writers". Los Angeles Times. March 18, 1992. Retrieved February 15, 2024.
- ^ "Awards Winners". wga.org. Writers Guild of America. Archived from the original on December 5, 2012. Retrieved June 6, 2010.
- ^ "AFI's 100 Years…100 Cheers". American Film Institute. Retrieved December 13, 2023.
- ^ "AFI's 100 Years…100 Heroes & Villains". American Film Institute. Retrieved February 15, 2024.
- ^ "AFI's 100 Years…100 Thrills". American Film Institute. Retrieved February 15, 2024.
- ^ Sturken 2000.
- ^ Writers Guild of America West. "101 Greatest Screenplays". Writers Guild of America West. Archived from the original on November 22, 2016. Retrieved July 7, 2018.
- ^ Valentine, Genevieve (July 2, 2017). "How Thelma & Louise Drove Hollywood 'Off The Cliff'". NPR. Archived from the original on August 26, 2018. Retrieved August 25, 2018.
- ^ "References Thelma and Lousie". duffzone.org. Archived from the original on August 26, 2018. Retrieved August 26, 2018.
- ^ Jenkins, Steve (November 1, 2013). "Best GTA 5 Easter Eggs: UFOs, Bigfoot, Playboy Mansion, and more!". cheatcodes.com. Archived from the original on August 26, 2018. Retrieved August 25, 2018.
- ^ Gorton, Thomas (July 2, 2015). "All the cult film references in 'Bitch Better Have My Money'". Dazed Digital. Archived from the original on August 26, 2018. Retrieved August 25, 2018.
- ^ Ouzounian, Richard (June 6, 2011). "Driving off a cliff into movie lore". The Star. Archived from the original on August 26, 2018. Retrieved August 25, 2018.
- ^ "Couple die in 'Thelma & Louise suicide' off 350ft cliff". The Daily Mirror. February 7, 2012. Archived from the original on August 26, 2018. Retrieved August 25, 2018.
- ^ "Grand Canyon Deaths [2023]". Hastings & Hastings. April 24, 2023. Retrieved May 1, 2023.
- ^ "Chasing Away the Demons". 20/20. February 15, 1999. Archived from the original on June 25, 2001.
- ^ "Tori Amos on Her New Album and the "Muses" That Inspire Her Songs". CBS This Morning. November 11, 2017. Archived from the original on April 28, 2018. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
- ^ Rich, B. Ruby (February 18, 2003). "Two for the Road". The Advocate. pp. 48–49. Archived from the original on August 19, 2020. Retrieved July 7, 2018.
- ^ Dunne, Michael (2001). Intertextual Encounters in American Fiction, Film, and Popular Culture. Bowling Green State University Popular Press. p. 89. ISBN 0-87972-848-5.
- ^ Enevold, Jessica (2004). "The Daughters of Thelma and Louise". Gender, Genre & Identity in Women's Travel Writing. New York. pp. 73–95. ISBN 0-8204-4905-9.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Benson, Sheila (May 31, 1991). "True or False: Thelma & Louise Just Good Ol' Boys? : For all its craftsmanship, the Ridley Scott film is just a high-toned 'Smokey and the Bandit' with a downbeat ending and a woman at the wheel". The Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on September 28, 2020. Retrieved January 24, 2024.
- ^ a b Smith, Kyle (April 7, 2016). "As a Feminist Film, 'Thelma & Louise' Fails Miserably". Entertainment. New York Post. Archived from the original on July 7, 2018. Retrieved July 7, 2018.
- ^ a b Lipsitz, Raina (August 31, 2011). "'Thelma & Louise': The Last Great Film About Women". Culture. The Atlantic. Archived from the original on July 4, 2014. Retrieved July 7, 2018.
- ^ Meyer, Dan (January 23, 2021). "Thelma and Louise Musical in the Works From Screenwriter Callie Khouri". Playbill. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
- ^ Schneider, Michael; Malkin, Marc (January 13, 2023). "Amanda Seyfried and Evan Rachel Wood Workshopping a 'Thelma & Louise' Musical Adaptation (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Works cited
- Sturken, Marita (2000). Thelma and Louise. London: British Film Institute. p. 11. ISBN 0-85170-809-9.
Further reading
- Aikman, Becky (2017). Off the Cliff: How the Making of Thelma & Louise Drove Hollywood to the Edge. Penguin Press. ISBN 978-1594206719.
- Cook, Bernie, ed. (2007). Thelma & Louise Live! The Cultural Afterlife of an American Film. University of Texas Press. ISBN 9780292794658. Archived from the original on July 7, 2018. Retrieved July 7, 2018.
- Fournier, Gina (2007). Thelma & Louise and Women in Hollywood. McFarland & Company. ISBN 9780786423132. Archived from the original on August 19, 2020. Retrieved July 7, 2018.
External links
- Thelma & Louise at IMDb
- Thelma & Louise at AllMovie
- Thelma & Louise at the TCM Movie Database
- Thelma & Louise at Rotten Tomatoes
- Thelma & Louise at Box Office Mojo
- Thelma & Louise at The Numbers
- Original trailer for Thelma & Louise on YouTube
- 1991 films
- 1990s adventure comedy-drama films
- 1990s American films
- 1990s buddy comedy-drama films
- 1990s chase films
- 1990s crime comedy-drama films
- 1990s English-language films
- 1990s female buddy films
- 1990s feminist films
- 1990s road comedy-drama films
- 1991 adventure films
- 1991 crime drama films
- American adventure comedy-drama films
- American buddy comedy-drama films
- American chase films
- American female buddy films
- American feminist films
- American black comedy films
- American crime comedy-drama films
- Films about murderers
- Films about rape in the United States
- Films about suicide
- Films directed by Ridley Scott
- Films produced by Ridley Scott
- Films scored by Hans Zimmer
- Films set in Arizona
- Films set in Arkansas
- Films set in New Mexico
- Films set in Oklahoma
- Films shot in California
- Films shot in Utah
- Films whose writer won the Best Original Screenplay Academy Award
- Girls with guns films
- Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films
- Midlife crisis films
- United States National Film Registry films