Jump to content

Foreign relations of Liberia: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
→‎Bilateral relations: Ethiopia, Pakistan
Line 435: Line 435:
|30 March 1974
|30 March 1974
|Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 March 1974<ref>{{Cite book |title=Africa Newsletter Risālat Afrīqiyā · Issues 1-11 |publisher=African Society |year=1974 |pages=14}}</ref>
|Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 March 1974<ref>{{Cite book |title=Africa Newsletter Risālat Afrīqiyā · Issues 1-11 |publisher=African Society |year=1974 |pages=14}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Senegal}}
|1962
|Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1962 when has been accredited Ambassador of Senegal to Liberia M. Amadou Lamine Sall.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Afrika heute |publisher=Deutsche Afrika-Gesellschaft |year=1962 |pages=210 |language=de}}</ref>
|-
|-
|{{Flag|Serbia}}
|{{Flag|Serbia}}

Revision as of 08:10, 16 February 2024

Politics of Liberia
Constitution
Executive
Legislature
Judiciary
Elections
Political parties
Administrative divisions
Foreign relations
flag Liberia portal
Nations with which Liberia has diplomatic relations.

Liberian foreign relations were traditionally stable and cordial throughout much of the 19th and 20th centuries.[citation needed] During the 1990s, Charles Taylor's presidency and the First and Second Liberian Civil Wars underscored Liberian relations with the Western world, the People's Republic of China, and its neighboring countries in Western Africa.[citation needed]

Stabilization in the 21st century brought a return to cordial relations with neighboring countries and much of the Western world. Liberia holds diplomatic relations with many western nations, including its long time partner the United States, as well as Russia, Cuba, and the People's Republic of China.

Bilateral relations

Land Formal Relations Began Notes
 Algerien 31 December 1971 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 December 1971 when Algeria established first Mission and first Algerian Ambassador Mr. Zitouni Messaoudi presented his credentials to President of Liberia.[1]
 Argentinien 8 January 1960 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 January 1960[2]
 Armenien 22 September 2017

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 September 2017[3]

 Australien 26 September 2008

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 September 2008.[4]

 Österreich 25 June 1963 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 June 1963[5]
 Aserbaidschan 22 May 1996 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 May 1996[6]
 Weißrussland 27 April 2016

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 2016.[7]

 Belgien 5 June 1867 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 June 1867 when has been appointed Chargé d'Affaires of Liberia to Belgium (resident in Paris) M. le vicomte de Fleury.[8]
 Bosnien und Herzegowina 23 February 2010

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 February 2010.[9]

 Botswana 21 September 2010 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2010 whe Ambassador of Liberia to Botswana Mr. Lois Lewis Brutus presented his credentials to President Seretse Khama.[10]
 Brasilien 8 June 1976

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 June 1976[11]

 Bulgarien 1 November 1974 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 November 1974[12]
 Burundi 22 January 2020 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 January 2020[13]
 Kamerun 23 November 1960 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 November 1960 when open Embassy of Cameroon in Monrovia.[14]
 Kanada 24 February 1971 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 February 1971[15]
 Kap Verde 27 July 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 July 1975[16]
 Zentralafrikanische Republik 5 May 1970 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 May 1970[17]
 Chile 19 July 1945 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 July 1945[18]
 China 17 February 1977 See China–Liberia relations

Relations between the People's Republic of China (PRC) and Liberia have been broken and reestablished several times since February 17, 1977, when diplomatic relations between the PRC and Liberia were first formed.[19] The PRC broke off relations with Liberia on October 10, 1989, in response to Liberia's recognition of the Republic of China (Taiwan).[20]

Taiwan had offered $200 million in aid to Liberia for education and infrastructure in exchange for this recognition. The PRC reestablished relations with Liberia on August 10, 1993, and opened an embassy in Monrovia, making Liberia one of the few nations with established diplomatic ties to both the PRC and ROC.[21] In 1997, Charles Taylor's government proclaimed to recognize "two Chinas" and the PRC subsequently severed diplomatic relations.[22]

Liberia dropped diplomatic relations with the ROC on October 12, 2003, and reestablished ties with the People's Republic of China.[23] This move was seen largely as a result of the PRC's lobbying in the UN and plans to deploy a peacekeeping force in Liberia.[24]

 Kolumbien 28 September 1988

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 September 1988.[25]

 Democratic Republic of the Congo 30 June 1960 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 June 1960[26]
 Cote d'Ivoire 31 July 1961 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 July 1961[27]
  • Ivory Coast has an embassy in Monrovia.
  • Liberia has an embassy in Abidjan.
 Cuba 19 April 1974 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 April 1974[28]
 Zypern 30 November 2000

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 November 2000[29]

 Tschechische Republik 15 October 1973 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 October 1973[30]
 Dänemark 25 July 1963 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 July 1963 when was accredited first Ambassador of Denmark to Liberia (resident in Accra) Mr. Hans Adolf Biering[31]
 Dominikanische Republik 18 December 1958 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 December 1958[32]
 Ecuador 31 March 1980

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 March 1980.[33]

 Ägypten 11 June 1958 Both countries established diplomatic relations and exchange diplomatic representations at ambassadorial level on 11 June 1958.[34]
 Estland 28 June 2007 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 June 2007[35]
 Äthiopien 1958 Both countries have agreed to exchange diplomatic missions at Embassy level in 1958.[36]
 Fidschi 15 November 2012

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 November 2012.[37]

 Finnland 24 March 1970 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 March 1970[38]
 Frankreich 20 April 1852 See France–Liberia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 April 1852[39]

  • France recognized Liberia in 1852.[40]
  • France has an embassy in Monrovia.
  • Liberia has an embassy in Paris.
 Gabun 17 June 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 June 1975[41]
 Deutschland 23 July 1953 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 July 1953[42]

See Germany–Liberia relations

  • Liberia has an embassy in Berlin.
  • Germany has an embassy in Monrovia.[43]
 Ghana June 1957 Both countries established diplomatic relations in June 1957 when M. Abraham Benjamin Bah Kofi, Ghanian Charge d'Affaires to Liberia presented his credentials to President Tubman.[44]
 Georgien 4 March 2010

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 March 2010.[45]

 Griechenland 29 May 1974 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 May 1974[46]
 Guinea 6 March 1959

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 March 1959 when Mr. Edward Peal, the Liberian Ambassador to the Republic of Guinea, presented his credentials to President S. Toure.[47]

The First Liberian Civil War, instigated by Charles Taylor and the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL) on December 24, 1989, eventually spread to neighboring Sierra Leone in 1991 when dissidents of the Revolutionary United Front (RUF), led by Foday Sankoh, began using Liberia as a staging ground for NPFL backed military assaults on border towns in Sierra Leone.[48][49][50]

By 1992, 120,000 people had fled from Sierra Leone to Guinea due to the RUF's practice of targeting civilians. In 2001, Liberian forces along with the RUF began attacking and burning refugee camps and Guinean villages along the border. In an inflammatory speech the Guinean president Lansana Conté, blamed the refugees for the border destabilization and alleged that the vast majority of refugees were rebels.[48]

He called for the Guinean population to defend its nation. This call precipitated attacks, beatings, rapes, and abductions of refugees by Guinean police and military forces. This reversal of Guinea's previously open policy towards refugees, further escalated the refugee crisis as refugees attempted to cross back through RUF territory.[49] By 2002, the United Nations estimated that three million people, or one in five people of the Mano River Union countries, were displaced.[50][51]

  • Guinea has an embassy in Monrovia.
  • Liberia has an embassy in Conakry.
 Guinea-Bissau 20 February 1974 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 February 1974[52]
 Guyana 11 November 1974

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 November 1974[53]

 Haiti 29 June 1952 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 June 1952.[54]
  • Haiti and Liberia recognized each other in 1864.[55]
  • The two countries established treaties of friendship and commerce the same year.[55]
 Holy See 15 December 1927 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 December 1927.[56]
 Ungarn 15 July 1976 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 July 1976[57]
 Island 28 November 2006

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 November 2006.[58]

 Indien 7 July 1960 See India–Liberia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 July 1960[59]

Indian-Liberian relations have traditionally been strong and cordial with Liberia's full-fledged support for India's stand on Kashmir and India's aspiration for permanent membership on the United Nations Security Council. In recent years, both nations have developed close and extensive cooperation in trade, military and strategic fields.

Amidst India's growing role in Liberia, the Liberian Minister of Mines and Energy, Dr. Eugene Shannon visited India in October 2005 to participate in the Confederation of Indian Industry-Africa Conclave. In 2008, the President of Liberia Ellen Johnson Sirleaf was invited to visit India.[60] Major items of Indian exports include engineering goods, pharmaceuticals, two wheelers, transportation equipment, steel and plastic products. Major items of imports are gold, diamonds, timber and metal scrap. Following lifting of United Nations sanctions, timber concessions have been awarded to Indian firms. Overall, Indian investments in Liberia have been increased from US$450 million in 2005 to an estimated $2 billion in 2009.

 Indonesien 1965 Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1965[63]
 Iran 2 June 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 June 1975[64]In 2023, an Iranian drone struck the Liberian flagged chemical tanker Chem Pluto.[65][66]
 Irland 2004 Both countries established diplomatic relations in 2004[67]
 Israel 22 August 1957 See Israel–Liberia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 August 1957.[68]

  • Liberia and Israel established ties in 1957 with the accreditation of Israeli ambassador Ehud Avriel.[69]
  • Liberia severed ties with Israel over the Yom Kippur War in 1973.[70]
  • Relations are re-established in 1983.[71]
  • On 8 June 2022, Liberia announced its plans to open a trade office in Jerusalem, which is to become an embassy.[71]
 Italien 5 October 1951 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 October 1951 when has been accredited first Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Italy to Liberia Mr. Umberto Campini.[72]
 Jamaika 22 September 2022

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 September 2022.[73]

 Japan September 1961
 Jordanien 10 December 2007 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 December 2007 when ambassador of Liberia to Jordan Mr. Konah K. Blakeet, has presented his credentials to King Abdullah.[76]
 Kasachstan 27 April 2016

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 2016.[77]

 Kenia 21 May 1964 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 May 1964 when Liberia's Ambassador to Kenya, Mr. George Padmore, has presented his credentials to the Governor-General of Kenya.[78]
 Kosovo 27 May 2018 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 May 2018[79]
 Kuwait 1971 Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1971.[80]
 Kirgisistan 17 June 2016 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 June 2016[81]
 Laos 12 August 2016 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 August 2016[82]
  • Liberia is accredited to Laos through its embassy in Beijing, China.
  • Laos does not have an accreditation to Liberia.[83]
 Lettland 10 April 2014

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 April 2014.[84]

 Libanon 1 January 1951 Both countries established diplomatic relations when Liberian and Lebanese Governments to raise their Consulates General to the status of Legations, and a proclamation was issued announcing that the change would take effect from 1 January 1951.[85] In 1957 both countries raise their Legations to status of Embassies[86]
 Lesotho 4 July 1974 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 July 1974[87]
 Libyen 1 April 1974 See Liberia–Libya relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 April 1974.[88]

Liberia's relationship with Libya has been characterized by Muammar Gaddafi's attempts at bringing Liberia under greater Libyan influence. Relations under the Doe administration were poor, owing to efforts by the United States to undermine Gaddafi's leverage, and Doe's cynicism of the Libyan leader's intentions. Gaddafi financially and militarily backed rebel leader Charles Taylor, under whose regime Liberia sought closer relations with Libya. After Taylor was ousted in 2003, Liberia continued to maintain diplomatic relations with Libya, only severing them after the onset of the Libyan Civil War, and just recently reestablishing them.

 Litauen 23 April 2014

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 April 2014.[89]

 Luxemburg 20 January 1961 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 January 1961[90]
 Malawi 26 February 2009 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 February 2009[91]
 Malaysia 1997 Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1997[92]
 Mali 14 October 1960 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 October 1960 when established Embassy of Mali in Liberia and appointed first Chargé d'Affaires Mr. Sango Ibrahima in Monrovia[93]
 Malta 20 May 2008

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 May 2008.[94]

 Mauretanien 13 March 1967 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 March 1967 when Ambassador of Mauritania to Liberia M. Bakar Ould Ahmedou, has presented his credentials to President Tubman.[95]
 Mexiko 22 June 1976 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 June 1976[96]
  • Liberia is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.[97]
  • Mexico is accredited to Liberia from its embassy in Accra, Ghana.
 Mongolei 23 April 1976 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 April 1976[98]
 Montenegro 4 April 2014

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 April 2014.[99]

 Marokko 5 April 1960 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 April 1960[100]
 Mosambik 17 December 2008 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 December 2008 when has been accredited Ambassador of Liberia to Mozambique.[101]
 Myanmar 5 May 2017 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 May 2017[102]
 Namibia 28 April 1990

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 April 1990[103]

In 1960, Liberia and Ethiopia brought litigation against apartheid South Africa in the International Court of Justice to end its illegal occupation of Namibia.[104] As part of Liberia's support for Namibia's liberation struggle, many Namibian students received Liberian passports which helped them study abroad.

As of July 2008, a total of 5,900 Namibia Defence Force troops had been rotated through Liberia as part of the United Nations Mission in Liberia.[105] Namibia maintained a battalion of about 800 personnel in Grand Cape Mount county for several years, for most of the period part of UNMIL Sector 2, headquartered at Tubmanburg. In May 2005, Namibian troops were accused of sexual exploitation of young girls and women; three Namibian soldiers were sent home from the force after a United Nations investigation found them guilty of "engaging in sexual activity with civilians", which is against United Nations rules for peacekeepers.[106]

  • Liberia is accredited to Namibia from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Namibia is accredited to Liberia from its high commission in Abuja, Nigeria.
   Nepal 17 August 2017

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 August 2017.[107]

 Niederlande 3 May 1949 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 May 1949.[108]

27 March 1936 has been accredited Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Liberia to the Netherlands Baron Otto van den Bogaerde van Terbrugge.[109]

  • The Netherlands recognized Liberia in 1862.[40]
  • The two countries signed a treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation on 20 December 1862.[110]
 Neuseeland 26 August 2014 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 August 2014[111]
 Nigeria 1 October 1960 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 October 1960 when the Nigerian Government has agreed to Liberia's raising the status its consulate general in Lagos to that of an Embassy on the same date.[112]
  • Liberia has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Monrovia.
 North Korea 20 December 1973 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 December 1973[113]
 Norwegen 17 February 1965 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 February 1965[114]
 Pakistan 1969 Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1969 when has been accredited Pakistan's first Ambassador to Liberia M. Ali Arshad.[115][116]
 Polen 30 May 1973 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 May 1973[117]
 Portugal 19 March 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 March 1975[118]
 Katar 3 November 2009 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 November 2009[119]
 Rumänien 30 April 1972 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 April 1972[120]
 Russland 7 June 1972

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 June 1972.[121]

Liberia and Russia resumed bilateral relations in March 2010 and cited a recent exploration of mine by a Russian company as a sign of future trade relations.[122]

 Ruanda 16 May 2017 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 May 2017[123]
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
  • Liberia began recognizing the SADR on 31 July 1985.[124]
  • Liberia revoked its recognition in September 1997.[124]
  • By 2012, Liberia had re-established relations with the SADR.[125]
 St. Vincent und die Grenadinen 2 May 2007

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 May 2007.[126]

 Saudi-Arabien 30 March 1974 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 March 1974[127]
 Senegal 1962 Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1962 when has been accredited Ambassador of Senegal to Liberia M. Amadou Lamine Sall.[128]
 Serbien 15 September 1959 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 September 1959[129]
 Sierra Leone 8 June 1962

See Liberia-Sierra Leone relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 June 1962 when has been appointed first ambassador of Liberia to Sierra Leone Mr. Henry B. Fahnbulleh.[130]

The First Liberian Civil War, instigated by Charles Taylor and the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL) on December 24, 1989, eventually spread to neighboring Sierra Leone in 1991 when dissidents of the Revolutionary United Front (RUF), led by Foday Sankoh, began using Liberia as a staging ground for NPFL backed military assaults on border towns in Sierra Leone.[48][49][50] Guinea and Sierra Leone have accused Liberia of backing rebels who have devastated their countries.[48]

  • Liberia has an embassy in Freetown.
  • Sierra Leone has an embassy in Monrovia.
 Singapur 7 January 1987 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 January 1987[131]
 Slowakei 6 March 1998

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 March 1998.[132]

 Slowenien 30 March 1993 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 March 1993[133]
 Südafrika 10 January 1997 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 January 1997[134]
  • Liberia has an embassy in Pretoria.
  • South Africa has an embassy in Monrovia.
 Südkorea 18 March 1964

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 March 1964[135]

In 2001 Bilateral Trade were Exports $7,350,000,000 (Ships, Automobile) Imports $1,270,000 (Used Ships, Mineral Fuel).[136]

 Sovereign Military Order of Malta 1959[137]
 Spanien 15 May 1950 See Liberia–Spain relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 May 1950[138]

  • Liberia is accredited to Spain from its embassy in Paris, France.
  • Spain is accredited to Liberia from its embassy in Abidjan, Ivory Coast.
 Sudan 8 August 1962 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 August 1962.[139]
 Schweden 6 June 1958 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 June 1958[140]
  Schweiz 19 July 1960 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 July 1960[141]
 Tadschikistan 21 September 2022 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2022[142]
 Tansania 27 May 1966 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 May 1966 when first Ambassador of Liberia to Tanzania Henry Bima Fahnbulleh presented his credentials to President Nyerere[143]
 Thailand 2 February 1967 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 February 1967[144]
 Togo 29 July 1960 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 July 1960 when accredited first Ambassador of Liberia to Togo Mr. John Cox.[145]
 Trinidad und Tobago 6 December 1965 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 December 1965 when was accredited first ambassador of Liberia to Trinidad and Tobago (resident in Haiti) Mr. William B. Fernandez[146]
 Tunesien 1957 Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1957[147]
 Türkei 1 August 1958 See Liberia–Turkey relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 August 1958[148]

 Tuvalu 28 August 2012 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 August 2012[150]
 Uganda 5 April 1967 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 April 1967 when has been accredited Ambassador of Liberia to Uganda (Resident in Nairobi) Mr. H. B. Fahnbulleh.[151]
 Ukraine 24 September 1998

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 September 1998.[152]

 Vereinigte Arabische Emirate 6 May 2009 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 May 2009[153]
 Vereinigtes Königreich 1 August 1849 See Liberia–United Kingdom relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 August 1849[154]

The UK was amongst the first countries to recognise the new republic. After the visit to the UK in 1848 of President Roberts, Queen Victoria put the Royal Navy ship HMS Amazon at the disposal of him and his family, for his return journey to Liberia.[155]

In 1961, Queen Elizabeth II made a state visit to Liberia, arriving at Monrovia on the HMY Britannia.[156] President Tubman made a gift of two Pygmy hippopotamus, which arrived by cargo ship in 1962 and were sent to Whipsnade Zoo.[157]

In 1962, President Tubman and his wife visited the UK.[158]

  • Liberia has an embassy in London.
  • United Kingdom has an embassy in Monrovia.
 Vereinigte Staaten 23 February 1864 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 February 1864[159]

See Liberia–United States relations

U.S. relations with Liberia date back to 1819 when the US Congress appropriated $100,000 for the establishment of Liberia.[160] After official US recognition of Liberia in 1862, the two nations shared very close ties until strains in the 1970s due to Liberia's establishment of diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union and other Eastern Bloc countries.[161]

During the 1980s, the United States forged especially close ties with Liberia as part of a Cold War effort to suppress socialist and Marxist movements in Africa. Liberia received between $500 million and $1.3 billion during the 1980s from the United States government.[162]

The rise of Charles Taylor's government, the Liberian Civil War, regional instability and human rights abuses interrupted the previously close relations between Liberia and the United States. The United States cut direct financial and military aid to the Liberian government, withdrew Peace Corps operations, imposed a travel ban on senior Liberian Government officials, and frequently criticized Charles Taylor's government.[160][163] Due to intense pressure from the international community and the United States, Charles Taylor resigned his office on August 11, 2003.[161]

The resignation and exile of Charles Taylor in 2003 brought changes in diplomatic ties between the United States and Liberia. The United States proposed a United Nations Security Council draft resolution to authorize the deployment of a multi-national stabilization force,[164][165] and 200 marines as well as warships were sent to Monrovia's airport to support the peace-keeping effort.[166] The United States committed $1.16 billion to Liberia between 2004 and 2006.[160][167] In 2009, A 17.5 million dollar contract to support elections was offered to Liberia with International Foundation for Electoral Systems as the conduit.[168] This money is meant to support the presidential election of 2011 and the general election of 2014.[168]

 Uruguay 1 June 2007

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 June 2007.[169]

 Venezuela 16 March 1965 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 March 1965[170]
 Vietnam 28 June 2016 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 June 2016[171]
  • During the Cold War, Liberia maintained diplomatic relations with South Vietnam only.[citation needed]
  • Vietnam is accredited to Liberia through its embassy in Abuja, Nigeria.
  • Liberia is accredited to Vietnam through its embassy in Beijing, China.[172]
 Sambia 3 April 1972 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 April 1972 when first Zambian Ambassador to Liberia Mr. Siteke G. Mwale presented his credentials[173]
 Simbabwe 15 October 1982 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 October 1982[174]

Diplomatic Agreements

Liberia is a founding member of the United Nations (see Permanent Representative of Liberia to the United Nations) and its specialized agencies and is a member of the African Union (AU), Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), African Development Bank (ADB), Mano River Union (MRU) and the Non-Aligned Movement. Liberia is also a member of the International Criminal Court with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the US-military (as covered under Article 98).[160][175]

See also

References

  1. ^ William R. Tolbert (Jr.) (1972). Presidential Papers Documents, Diary, and Record of Activities of the Chief Executive · Volume 1. Republic of Liberia, Executive Mansion. p. 288.
  2. ^ "Acuerdo por Notas Reversales sobre Establecimiento de Relaciones Diplomáticas entre la República Argentina y la República de Liberia". tratados.cancilleria.gob.ar (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  3. ^ "Bilateral Relations". mfa.am. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  4. ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Liberia and Australia as of 26 Sept. 2008". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  5. ^ Michael Th Neugebauer (1992). Die österreichisch-afrikanischen Beziehungen seit 1955 Wirtschaft, Politik, Entwicklungspolitik, Kultur (in German). Böhlau. p. 109.
  6. ^ "The Republic of Liberia". mfa.gov.az. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  7. ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Belarus and Liberia as of 27 Apr. 2016". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  8. ^ Moniteur belge journal officiel. 1872,1/2 (in French). Belgique. 1872. p. 485.
  9. ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Liberia as of 23 Feb. 2010". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  10. ^ "Government of Botswana". 18 December 2013. p. 3. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
  11. ^ "resenha de política exterior do brasil" (PDF). antigo.funag.gov.br (in Portuguese). p. 111. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  12. ^ "Установяване, прекъсване u възстановяване на дипломатическите отношения на България (1878-2005)" (in Bulgarian). Archived from the original on August 26, 2018. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  13. ^ "Burundi Ambassador H.E. Mr. Emmanuel Mpfayurera presents his letter of credence to the President of Liberia, Dr. George Manneh Weah". emansion.gov.lr. 22 January 2020. Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  14. ^ Annales africaines Volume 2 (in French). A. Pedone. 1961. p. 30.
  15. ^ "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019". cgai.ca. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  16. ^ Muzart-Fonseca dos Santos, Idelette; Manuel Da Costa Esteves, José; Rolland, Denis (2007). Les îles du Cap-Vert: langues, mémoires, histoire (in French). L'Harmattan. p. 200.
  17. ^ Summary of World Broadcasts Non-Arab Africa · Issues 3343-3419. British Broadcasting Corporation. Monitoring Service. 1970. p. 8.
  18. ^ "Reseña histórica de la presencia chilena en África" (in Spanish). p. 9. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  19. ^ "Bilateral Relations (Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the Republic of Liberia)".
  20. ^ Taiwan Edges Out China for Liberia's Diplomatic Recognition, Global News No. GL970-25, February 21, 1997
  21. ^ Cross-Strait Scramble for Africa, A Hidden Agenda in China-Africa Cooperation Forum, Harvard Asia Quarterly, Volume V, No. 2. Spring 2001 Archived September 28, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  22. ^ ' China and Liberia, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China, August 8, 2003 Archived September 29, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  23. ^ "China, Liberia resume diplomatic ties". China-un.org. Oct 13, 2003. Archived from the original on 2013-04-14. Retrieved 2006-10-03.
  24. ^ "Taiwan plays down Liberia blow". News.bbc.co.uk. 13 October 2003. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  25. ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Colombia and Liberia as of 28 Sept. 1988". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  26. ^ "Rapport de stage effectué au Ministère des Affaires Etrangères à Kinshasa". Memoire online (in French). Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  27. ^ "Cooperation Cote d'Ivoire-Liberia: Le President Alassane Ouatara appelle son homologue Liberien, Georges Maneh Weah, a renforcer leur cooperation bilaterale". gouv.ci (in French). Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  28. ^ "Cuba celebra el 48 aniversario del establecimiento de las relaciones diplomáticas con la República de Liberia". Cancillería de Cuba (in Spanish). Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  29. ^ "Diplomatic relations between Cyprus and Liberia as of 30 Nov. 2000". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  30. ^ Summary of World Broadcasts Non-Arab Africa · Issues 4412-4487. British Broadcasting Corporation. Monitoring Service. 1973. p. 6. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
  31. ^ Udenrigsministeriets kalender (in Danish). Denmark. Udenrigsministeriet. 1967. p. 197.
  32. ^ Mensaje (in Spanish). Presidency of the Dominican Republic. 1958. p. 62.
  33. ^ "Diplomatic relations between Ecuador and Liberia as of 31 Mar. 1980". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  34. ^ News from Hsinhua News Agency Daily bulletin · Issues 170-199. 1958. p. 44.
  35. ^ "Diplomaatiliste suhete (taas)kehtestamise kronoloogia". vm.ee (in Estonian). Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  36. ^ This is Ethiopia. Ethiopia. Embassy (U.S.). 1958. p. 15.
  37. ^ "Diplomatic Relations between Fiji and Liberia as of 15 Nov. 2012". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  38. ^ "Liberia". Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland. Archived from the original on 6 October 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  39. ^ Recueil des traités de la France, 6 (in French). p. 175.
  40. ^ a b Wesley, Charles H. (1917). "The Struggle for the Recognition of Haiti and Liberia as Independent Republics". The Journal of African American History. 2: 378. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  41. ^ Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell, 1975. p. 3650.
  42. ^ "Liberia: Steckbrief". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  43. ^ "Liberia: Steckbrief". Federal Foreign Office. Retrieved 24 August 2022. (in German)
  44. ^ Liberia Today Volumes 5-7. Liberian Embassy in Washington. 1956. p. 7. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  45. ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Liberia and Georgia as of 4 Mar. 2010". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  46. ^ Presidential Papers Documents, Diary and Record of Activities of the Chief Executive : Second and Third Years of the Administration of President William R. Tolbert, Jr., August 1,1972-July 31, 1973 and August 1, 1973-July 31, 1974. Press Division of the Executive Mansion. 1975. p. 164. Retrieved 15 May 2023.
  47. ^ The African & Colonial World and the Indian at Home & Overseas Volume 7. Independent Publishing Company. 1959. p. 11.
  48. ^ a b c d "GUINEA". Hrw.org. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  49. ^ a b c Yekutiel Gershoni. War without End and End to a War: The Prolonged Wars in Liberia and Sierra Leone, African Studies Review, Vol. 40, No. 3 (December, 1997), pp. 55-57
  50. ^ a b c "CNN - Breaking News, Latest News and Videos". CNN. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  51. ^ United Nations Consolidated Inter-Agency Appeal for West Africa, 2001, U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), March 23, 2001, section 2
  52. ^ Translations on Sub-Saharan Africa, Issues 1433-1440. United States. Joint Publications Research Service. 1974. p. 62.
  53. ^ "Countries With Which Guyana Has Established Diplomatic Relations". minfor.gov.gy. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  54. ^ "George Brewer, Jr., the new Liberian Minister to Haiti arrived in the Capital last Sunday and will present his credentials to the President in July". Haiti Sun. June 29, 1952. p. 4. Archived from the original on 1 November 2023. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
  55. ^ a b Dunn, Elwood D.; Beyan, Amos J.; Burrowes, Carl Patrick (2000). Historical Dictionary of Liberia. Scarecrow Press. p. XXV. ISBN 9781461659310.
  56. ^ "Diplomatic Relations Of The Holy See". Permanent Observer Mission of the Holy See to the United Nations. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  57. ^ Magyar Külpolitikai Évkönyv 1968-2010 Magyar Külpolitikai Évkönyv, 1976 (in Hungarian). Megjelent a Kossuth Könyvkiadó Gondozásában. 1978. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  58. ^ "Iceland - Establishment of Diplomatic Relations". government.is. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  59. ^ Indian Information. 1960. p. 490.
  60. ^ "Foreign Relations of India-Liberia" (PDF). Ministry of External Affairs. 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 19, 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-28.
  61. ^ "MEA - Indian Missions Abroad - Indian Mission". mea.gov.in. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  62. ^ "Consulate General of Liberia - New Delhi- India - Ankur Bhatia". Honconsulgeneralliberia.in. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  63. ^ "Liberia". Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia in Abuja, Federal Republic of Nigeria. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  64. ^ Iran Almanac and Book of Facts - Volume 15. Echo of Iran. 1976. p. 137.
  65. ^ Bing, Christopher; Wallis, Daniel (23 December 2023). "Pentagon says Iranian drone 'attack' hit chemical tanker near India" (News article). Reuters. Archived from the original on 24 December 2023. Retrieved 24 December 2023.
  66. ^ OSINTdefender (23 December 2023). "The U.S. Department of Defense has now Confirmed that "Suicide" Drone which Struck the the [sic] Liberian-Flagged Oil and Chemical Tanker, M/V CHEM PLUTO today in the Arabian Sea while it was Transiting between Saudi Arabia and India was launched directly from Iran by the Iranian Armed Forces" (Post on X). X (Formerly Twitter). @SentDefender.
  67. ^ "Liberian - Irish Relations". Embassy of Ireland, Liberia. Archived from the original on 27 January 2021. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
  68. ^ John P. Glennon, Stanley Shaloff (1989). Africa. United States. Department of State. Office of the Historian. p. 411. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  69. ^ Dunn, Elwood D.; Beyan, Amos J.; Burrowes, Carl Patrick (2000). Historical Dictionary of Liberia. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. pp. 712–713. ISBN 9781461659310.
  70. ^ "Events 1971 - 2000". PBS. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  71. ^ a b Bassist, Rina (9 June 2022). "Liberia, Suriname pledge to open offices in Jerusalem". Al-Monitor. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  72. ^ "I Documenti Diplomatici Italiani Undicesima Serie: 1948-1953 Volume VI (26 luglio 1951 – 30 giugno 1952)". farnesina.ipzs.it (in Italian). p. 867. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
  73. ^ "Liberia and Jamaica Establish Formal Diplomatic Relations" (Press release). FrontPage Africa. 24 September 2022.
  74. ^ "Japan-Liberia Relations (Basic Data)". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  75. ^ "Liberia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (New Zealand). Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  76. ^ "King receives credentials of new ambassadors". kingabdullah.jo. 10 December 2007. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  77. ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Liberia and Kazakhstan as of 27 Apr. 2016". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  78. ^ Africa Research Bulletin. Africa Research, Limited. 1964. p. 73.
  79. ^ "Kosovo has established diplomatic relations with Liberia and Chad". Behgjet Pacolli. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  80. ^ "وداع دبلوماسي لسفراء منتهية مهامهم". aljarida.com (in Arabic). 25 January 2023. Retrieved 26 December 2023.
  81. ^ "Liberia Establishes Diplomatic Relations with Kyrgyz Republic". mofa.gov.lr. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  82. ^ "Liberia and Lao People's Democratic Republic Establish Diplomatic Relations". mofa.gov.lr. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  83. ^ "Ambassador Thomas Presents Letters of Credence to the President of Lao PDR, H.E. Mr. Vorachith; He Assures of His Country's Support; Invites President Sirleaf to Visit". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Liberia). Retrieved 2022-03-20.
  84. ^ "Diplomatic Relations between Liberia and Latvia as of 10 Apr. 2014". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  85. ^ British Documents on Foreign Affairs: Ethiopia, Egypt, Morocco, Libya, and Africa (general), 1951. LexisNexis. 2005. p. 87.
  86. ^ Volume 18 of Foreign relations of the United States, 1955-1957. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1989. p. 412.
  87. ^ Summary of World Broadcasts: Non-Arab Africa. British Broadcasting Corporation. Monitoring Service. 1974. p. 8.
  88. ^ Asia & Africa Review Volume 14. Independent Publishing Company. 1974. p. 22.
  89. ^ "Diplomatic Relations between Lithuania and Liberia as of 23 Apr. 2014". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  90. ^ "Bulletin de documentation_1961_1" (PDF). sip.gouvernement.lu (in French). p. 14. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  91. ^ "Three Ambassadors to Present Credentials to President Sirleaf on Thursday". The Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Liberia. February 25, 2009. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
  92. ^ "Senarai tarikh penubuhan hubungan diplomatik Malaysia dan negara - negara luar" (in Malay). Archived from the original on 13 November 2021. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
  93. ^ "Journal officiel de la Republique du Mali 1 Novembre 1960" (PDF) (in French). p. 855. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
  94. ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Liberia and Malta as of 20 May 2008". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  95. ^ Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1967. p. 734.
  96. ^ "Hoy celebramos el 46 aniversario del establecimiento de relaciones diplomáticas entre México y Liberia". Relaciones Exteriores (in Spanish). Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  97. ^ Embassy of Liberia in the United States
  98. ^ "Diplomatic and Consular List" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia. March 2020. p. 5. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  99. ^ "Diplomatic Relations between Montenegro and Liberia as of 4 Apr. 2014". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  100. ^ "Liberia". Royaume du Maroc Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres et de la Cooperation (in French). Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  101. ^ Liberia Diplomatic Handbook Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments. International Business Publications, USA. 2017. p. 94.
  102. ^ "Diplomatic Relations". Embassy of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar in Brazil. Archived from the original on 12 July 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  103. ^ FBIS Daily Report Africa Sub-Sahara. United States Joint Publications Research Service. 2 May 1990. p. 73. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
  104. ^ Liberia, Namibia Sign Agreement aimed at Strengthening Bilateral Relations Archived 2011-10-02 at the Wayback Machine NewLiberian.com, 15 July 2008
  105. ^ Liberia and Namibia to trade more The Namibian, 15 July 2008
  106. ^ NDF to probe Liberia sex scandal The Namibian, 26 May 2005
  107. ^ "Diplomatic relations between Liberia and Nepal as of 17 Aug. 2017". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  108. ^ Rechtsgeleerd magazin Themis (in Dutch). Tjeenk Willink. 1953. p. 388.
  109. ^ Staatsalmanak voor het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden (in Dutch). Netherlands. Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken. 1939. p. 66.
  110. ^ van der Kraaij, Fred. "Overview of the relations between Liberia and the Netherlands". Liberia Past and Present. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
  111. ^ "Credentials Ceremony 26 August 2014". gg.govt.nz. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
  112. ^ Daily Report Foreign Radio Broadcasts · Issues 181-185. United States. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1960. p. 6.
  113. ^ Daniel Wertz, JJ Oh, and Kim Insung (August 2016). "DPRK Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). The National Committee on North Korea. p. 4. Retrieved 9 December 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  114. ^ "Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater" (PDF). regjeringen.no (in Norwegian). April 27, 1999. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  115. ^ J. Paxton, S. Steinberg (28 December 2016). The Statesman's Year-Book 1969-70. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 390.
  116. ^ Asia & Africa Review Volumes 10-12. Independent Publishing Company. 1970. p. 21.
  117. ^ "Liberia". gov.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  118. ^ "Libéria". portaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  119. ^ "العلاقات الثنائية". mofa.gov.qa (in Arabic). Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  120. ^ "Diplomatic Relations of Romania". Ministry of Foreign Affairs Romania. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  121. ^ George Ginsberg, Robert M. Slusser. Calendar of Soviet Treaties. 1981. p. 844.
  122. ^ Russia And Italy Renew Ties With Liberia Government of Liberia, 17 March 2010
  123. ^ "Liberia: Kuwaiti, Rwandan Ambassadors Present Letters of Credence". allAfrica. 17 May 2017. Archived from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  124. ^ a b "Sahara Marathon". PBS. 19 August 2004. Retrieved 11 August 2022.
  125. ^ "Indian And Spanish Ambassadors Present Letters of Credence To President Sirleaf". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Liberia. 24 October 2012. Retrieved 11 August 2022.
  126. ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Liberia and Saint Vincent and The Grenadines as of 2 May 2007". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  127. ^ Africa Newsletter Risālat Afrīqiyā · Issues 1-11. African Society. 1974. p. 14.
  128. ^ Afrika heute (in German). Deutsche Afrika-Gesellschaft. 1962. p. 210.
  129. ^ "Liberia: Bilateral agreements". Republic of Serbia Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  130. ^ Asia & Africa Review Volumes 2-3. Independent Publishing Company. 1962. p. 22.
  131. ^ "Diplomatic & Consular List" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs Singapore. p. 133. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 August 2017. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  132. ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Slovakia and Liberia as of 6 Mar. 1998". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  133. ^ Mojca Pristavec Đogić (2016). "Priznanja samostojne Slovenije" (PDF) (in Slovenian). p. 7. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  134. ^ "South Africa and Liberia established formal diplomatic relations on 10 January 1997". DIRCO South Africa. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  135. ^ "Overview". mofa.go.kr. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  136. ^ "Countries and Regions > Middle East and Africa > List of the Countries". Mofa.go.kr. Archived from the original on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  137. ^ "President Sirleaf Receives Sovereign Order of Malta's Highest Distinction, Order por Merito Melitensi". Executive Mansion. Retrieved 26 August 2022.
  138. ^ "Relaciones diplomáticas del Estado Espaniol" (in Spanish). p. 307. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
  139. ^ Cahiers de l'Institut d'études de l'Orient contemporain Volumes 48-50 (in French). G. P. Maisonneuve. 1962. p. 267.
  140. ^ "Liberia: Sweden, Liberia Celebrate 65 Years of Friendship". Liberian Observer. June 7, 2023. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
  141. ^ "No 1631. Nomination de M. René Keller en qualité d'ambassadeur extraordinaire et plénipotentiaire de la Confédération suisse au Ghana, en Guinée, au Libéria et au Togo, avec résidence à Accra; sa promotion au grade de ministre de II classe". dodis.ch (in French). Retrieved 19 May 2023.
  142. ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Liberia and Tajikistan as of 21 Sept. 2022 (United Nations Digital Library)". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  143. ^ Daily Report, Foreign Radio Broadcasts, Issues 106-110. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. 1966. p. 19. Retrieved 18 June 2023.
  144. ^ "สาธารณรัฐไลบีเรีย (Liberia)". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of Thailand (in Thai). Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  145. ^ Togo Handbook (in French). Togo Service de l'information. 1962. p. 66.
  146. ^ Trinidad and Tobago Gazette Volume 8. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1969. p. 131.
  147. ^ "Relations bilatérales: Liberia". République Tunisienne Ministère des Affaires Étrangères (in French). Archived from the original on 2 June 2012. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
  148. ^ Daily Report Foreign Radio Broadcasts · Issues 146-150. United States. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1958. p. B-27.
  149. ^ a b c "Relations between Turkey and Liberia".
  150. ^ "Tuvalu's Diplomatic Relations in Africa". dfa.gov.tv. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  151. ^ Diplomatic Missions and Other Representatives in Uganda. Uganda. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 1966. p. 3.
  152. ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Liberia and Ukraine as of 24 Sept. 1998". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  153. ^ "UAE and Liberia establish diplomatic ties". gulfnews.com. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  154. ^ "Treaty of Friendship and Commerce between Great Britain and Liberia". Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  155. ^ The Times. Monday, Dec 25, 1848; pg. 8; Issue 20055
  156. ^ The Times Oct 06, 1961; pg. 14, Nov 21, 1961; pg. 8; Issue 55244. Nov 23, 1961; pg. 10; Issue 55246.
  157. ^ The Times. Jun 04, 1962; pg. 5; Issue 55408.
  158. ^ The Times. Mar 28, 1962; pg. 5; Issue 55351. Jul 10, 1962; pg. 11; Issue 55439
  159. ^ "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Liberia". history.state.gov. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  160. ^ a b c d "Liberia". State.gov. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  161. ^ a b "Global Connections . Liberia . Timeline - PBS". Pbs.org. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  162. ^ Pike, John. "Monrovia - US Embassy". Globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  163. ^ "CNN.com - U.S. offers U.N. resolution on Liberia - Aug. 1, 2003". Cnn.com. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  164. ^ "FRONTLINE/WORLD . Liberia - No More War. Liberia's Historic Ties to America - PBS". Pbs.org. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  165. ^ "CNN.com - Taylor sets date to step down - Aug. 2, 2003". Cnn.com. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  166. ^ "Welcome for US Liberia deployment". News.bbc.co.uk. 26 July 2003. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  167. ^ Liberian president invites rebels into government, CNN, August 12, 2003 Archived September 12, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  168. ^ a b Jean-Matthew Nation, Tamba (29 October 2009). "Liberia to het $17.5m for polls". Daily Nation (Kenya).
  169. ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Liberia and Uruguay as of 1 June 2007". digitallibrary.un.org. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  170. ^ "Celebramos el 56° Aniversario del establecimiento de las relaciones diplomáticas entre la República Bolivariana de Venezuela y la República de Liberia". Cancillería Venezuela (in Spanish). Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  171. ^ "Vietnam, Liberia officially establish diplomatic ties". en.vietnamplus.vn. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  172. ^ "TÀI LIỆU CƠ BẢN VỀ NƯỚC CỘNG HÒA LI-BÊ-RI-A VÀ QUAN HỆ VỚI VIỆT NAM". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Vietnam) (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2022-03-20.
  173. ^ William R. Tolbert (Jr.) (1976). Presidential Papers Documents, Diary, and Record of Activities of the Chief Executive · Volume 1. Press Division of the Executive Mansion. p. 28.
  174. ^ Summary of World Broadcasts: Non-Arab Africa, Issues 7119-7170. British Broadcasting Corporation. Monitoring Service. 1982.
  175. ^ "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". Cia.gov. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Liberia&oldid=1208018508"