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{{Short description|Joseon concubine (1659–1701)}}
{{Short description|Joseon royal consort (1659–1701)}}
{{hatnote|In this [[Korean name]], the family name is [[Jang (Korean surname)|Jang]], and ''Hui-bin'' is [[Styles and titles in the Joseon dynasty#Consorts and concubines|a title]], not a personal name.}}
{{hatnote|In this [[Korean name]], the family name is [[Jang (Korean surname)|Jang]], and ''Hui-bin'' is [[Styles and titles in the Joseon dynasty#Consorts and concubines|a title]], not a personal name.}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox royalty
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Royal Noble Consort Hui of the Indong Jang clan<br />희빈 장씨
| name = Hui-bin Jang<br>희빈 장씨
| image = Lady Jang Hui-bin.jpg
| image = Lady Jang Hui-bin.jpg
| image_size = 200px
| image_size = 200px
| caption = Tomb of Royal Noble Consort Huibin Jang
| caption = Lady Jang's tomb
| succession = [[List of Joseon royal consorts#Queens and empress consort|Queen consort of Joseon]]
| succession = [[List of Joseon royal consorts#Queens and empress consort|Queen consort of Joseon]]
| reign = 22 October 1690<ref name="In lunar calendar">In lunar calendar</ref> – 1694
| reign = 22 October 1690 – 12 April 1694
| reign-type = Tenure
| reign-type = Tenure
| predecessor = [[Queen Inhyeon]]
| predecessor = [[Queen Inhyeon]]
Line 14: Line 14:
| religion = [[Korean Buddhism]]
| religion = [[Korean Buddhism]]
| succession1 = [[Naemyeongbu|Royal Noble Consort of the First Senior Rank]]
| succession1 = [[Naemyeongbu|Royal Noble Consort of the First Senior Rank]]
| reign1 = {{plainlist|
| reign1 = 22 October 1690<ref name="In lunar calendar">In lunar calendar</ref><br />12 April 1694<ref>In Lunar calendar</ref> – 9 November 1701
* 15 January 1689 – 22 October 1690
⚫
| dynasty = [[House of Yi|Jeonju Yi]]
* 12 April 1694 – 10 October 1701
}}
| reign-type2 =
| reign2 =
⚫
| dynasty = [[House of Yi]] (by marriage)
| reign-type1 = Tenure
| reign-type1 = Tenure
| house-type = Clan
| house-type = Clan
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| consort = Yes
| consort = Yes
| spouse = [[Sukjong of Joseon]]
| spouse = [[Sukjong of Joseon]]
| issue = [[Gyeongjong of Joseon|Yi Yun, King Gyeongjong]]
| issue = [[Gyeongjong of Joseon]]
| birth_date = 3 November 1659
| birth_date = 19 September 1659
| birth_place = Sangpyeongbang, [[Seoul|Hanseong]], [[Joseon]]
| birth_place = Sangpyeong-bang, [[Seoul|Hanseong]], [[Joseon]]
| death_date = {{death-date and age|9 November 1701|3 November 1659}}
| death_date = {{death-date and age|10 October 1701|19 September 1659}}
| death_place = Chwiseondang Hall, [[Changgyeong Palace]], [[Seoul|Hanseong]], [[Joseon]]
| death_place = Chwiseondang Hall, [[Changgyeong Palace]], [[Seoul|Hanseong]], [[Joseon]]
| place of burial = Daebinmyo Tomb, Seooneung Cluster, [[Goyang]], [[Gyeonggi Province]], [[South Korea]]
| place of burial = Daebinmyo Mausoleum, Seooneung Cluster, [[Goyang]], [[Gyeonggi Province]], [[South Korea]]
| house = [[Indong Jang clan]] (by birth)<br/ >[[Jeonju Yi clan]] (by marriage)
| house = {{plainlist|
* [[Indong Jang clan]] (by birth)
* [[Jeonju Yi clan]] (by marriage)
}}
}}
}}
{{Infobox Korean name
{{Infobox Korean name
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|rr= Hui-bin Jang-ssi
|rr= Hui-bin Jang-ssi
|mr= Hŭi-pin Chang-ssi
|mr= Hŭi-pin Chang-ssi
|title=Korean name|othername1=Honorary title|hangulborn=장옥정|hanjaborn=張玉貞|rrborn=Jang Ok-jeong|mrborn=Chang Ok-chŏng}}
|title={{nobold|Korean name}}|othername1=Honorary title|hangulborn=장옥정|hanjaborn=張玉貞|rrborn=Jang Ok-jeong|mrborn=Chang Ok-chŏng}}


'''Royal Noble Consort Hui of the Indong Jang clan''' ({{Korean|hangul=희빈 장씨|hanja=禧嬪 張氏}}; 3 November 1659 – 9 November 1701<ref>In lunar calendar, the Royal Consort was born on 19 September 1659 and died on 10 October 1701</ref>), personal name '''Jang Ok-jeong''' ({{Korean|hangul=장옥정|hanja=張玉貞}}), was a consort of [[Sukjong of Joseon|King Sukjong of Joseon]] and the mother of [[Gyeongjong of Joseon|King Gyeongjong]]. She was [[List of Joseon royal consorts|Queen consort of Joseon]] from 1689 until her deposition in 1694.
'''Royal Noble Consort Hui of the Indong Jang clan''' ({{Korean|hangul=희빈 장씨|hanja=禧嬪 張氏}}; 19 September 1659 – 10 October 1701), personal name '''Jang Ok-jeong''' ({{Korean|hangul=장옥정|hanja=張玉貞|labels=no}}), was an infamous consort of [[Sukjong of Joseon]] and the mother of [[Gyeongjong of Joseon|King Gyeongjong]]. She was [[List of Joseon royal consorts|queen of Joseon]] from 1690 until her deposition in 1694.


==Biography==
==Biography==
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The Namin faction pushed for the King to acknowledge Yi Yun as heir apparent, but the Seoin faction insisted that the Queen was still young and could bear a son, who should be the heir. Sukjong pushed for a compromise in which the Queen would adopt Yi Yun as her son. However, she refused to do so. Sukjong became angry at the opposition, and many were killed, including [[Song Si-yeol]]. The Namin faction seized power, and they exiled the Queen's father and the leaders of the Seoin faction.
The Namin faction pushed for the King to acknowledge Yi Yun as heir apparent, but the Seoin faction insisted that the Queen was still young and could bear a son, who should be the heir. Sukjong pushed for a compromise in which the Queen would adopt Yi Yun as her son. However, she refused to do so. Sukjong became angry at the opposition, and many were killed, including [[Song Si-yeol]]. The Namin faction seized power, and they exiled the Queen's father and the leaders of the Seoin faction.


In March 1688, Queen Inhyeon was also deposed and exiled. This incident is called ''[[Gisa Hwanguk]]'' ({{Korean|hangul=기사환국|labels=no}}).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://academic.naver.com/view.nhn?doc_id=16555216&dir_id=0&page=0&query=Gisa+Hwanguk&ndsCategoryId=10102&library=94|title=네이버 학술정보|website=Academic.naver.com|access-date=26 October 2017}}</ref><ref name="archive.org">{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofkorea02hulbuoft|title=The history of Korea|first=Homer B. (Homer Bezaleel)|last=Hulbert|date=26 October 2017|publisher=Seoul, Methodist Pub. House|access-date=26 October 2017|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>
In May 1689, Queen Inhyeon was also deposed and exiled. This incident is called ''[[Gisa Hwanguk]]'' ({{Korean|hangul=기사환국|labels=no}}).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://academic.naver.com/view.nhn?doc_id=16555216&dir_id=0&page=0&query=Gisa+Hwanguk&ndsCategoryId=10102&library=94|title=네이버 학술정보|website=Academic.naver.com|access-date=26 October 2017}}</ref><ref name="archive.org">{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofkorea02hulbuoft|title=The history of Korea|first=Homer B. (Homer Bezaleel)|last=Hulbert|date=26 October 2017|publisher=Seoul, Methodist Pub. House|access-date=26 October 2017|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>


In that same year, Jang So-ui was promoted to ''[[Naemyeongbu#Ranks|Bin]]'' ({{Korean|hangul=빈|hanja=嬪|labels=no}}), the highest rank for a consort, with the prefix ''Hui'' (禧), which means "beautiful". Later, Jang Hui-bin was appointed as Queen Consort.
In that same year, Lady Jang was promoted to ''[[Naemyeongbu#Ranks|Bin]]'' ({{Korean|hangul=빈|hanja=嬪|labels=no}}), the highest rank for a consort, with the prefix ''Hui'' (禧), which means "beautiful". Later, Jang Hui-bin was appointed as [[queen consort]].


In 1693, Sukjong's new favorite, a palace maid from the [[Choi (Korean surname)|Haeju Choe clan]], was officially elevated to a royal concubine of the ''Sug-won'' rank. Choe Sug-won (later [[Royal Noble Consort Sukbin Choe|Choe Suk-bin]]), was an open supporter of Queen Min and encouraged the King to reinstate her to her original position. In the meantime, Kim Chun-taek, who was member of the Noron faction, and Han Jung-hyuk from the Soron faction, staged a campaign to reinstate the Deposed Queen.
In 1693, Sukjong's new favorite, a [[Gungnyeo|palace maid]] from the [[Choi (Korean surname)|Haeju Choe clan]], was officially elevated to a royal consort of the ''Sug-won'' rank. Choe Sug-won (later [[Royal Noble Consort Sukbin Choe|Choe Suk-bin]]), was an open supporter of Queen Min and encouraged the King to reinstate her to her original position. In the meantime, Kim Chun-taek, who was member of the Noron faction, and Han Jung-hyuk from the Soron faction, staged a campaign to reinstate the Deposed Queen.


In 1694, Jang Ok-jeong lost the favor of the King.<ref>Book "East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History", 3rd pag. 255.</ref> Sukjong grew disgusted by the greed of the Namin faction and the ever-powerful Jang family. He also felt remorse for his temperamental actions during ''[[Gisa Hwanguk]]''. In the government, the Namin faction's attempt to purge the Seoin on the charge of plotting to reinstate the deposed Queen backfired.
In 1694, Jang Ok-jeong lost the favor of the King.<ref>Book "East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History", 3rd pag. 255.</ref> Sukjong grew disgusted by the greed of the Namin faction and the ever-powerful Jang family. He also felt remorse for his temperamental actions during ''[[Gisa Hwanguk]]''. In the government, the Namin faction's attempt to purge the Seoin on the charge of plotting to reinstate the deposed Queen backfired.
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Unmoved, the King sentenced Hui-bin, her mother, her brother, the leader of Soron and all of her companions to death. 1700 people died as a result of the incident.{{citation needed|date=November 2021}} He also exiled the courtiers who had asked him to spare Lady Jang's life.<ref>{{cite book |last=Lee |first=Bae-young |date=20 October 2008 |title=Wome in Korean History |publisher=Ewha Womans University Press |pages=109–111 |isbn=978-8973007721}}</ref>
Unmoved, the King sentenced Hui-bin, her mother, her brother, the leader of Soron and all of her companions to death. 1700 people died as a result of the incident.{{citation needed|date=November 2021}} He also exiled the courtiers who had asked him to spare Lady Jang's life.<ref>{{cite book |last=Lee |first=Bae-young |date=20 October 2008 |title=Wome in Korean History |publisher=Ewha Womans University Press |pages=109–111 |isbn=978-8973007721}}</ref>


On the 7th day of the 10th month in the 27th year of his reign (November 7, 1701), Sukjong passed a decree prohibiting any concubine from ever becoming Queen, and on November 9, 1701, Jang Hui-bin was executed by poisoning at Chuseondang Hall, her residence inside [[Changgyeonggung|Changgyeong Palace]]. She was 42 years old.
On 7 October 1701, Sukjong passed a decree prohibiting any concubine from ever becoming Queen, and on 10 October 1701, Jang Hui-bin was executed by poisoning at Chwiseondang Hall, her residence inside [[Changgyeonggung|Changgyeong Palace]]. She was 42 years old.


===Burial===
===Burial===
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===Family===
===Family===
* Father - Jang Hyeong ({{Korean|hangul=장형|hanja=張炯|labels=no}}; 25 February 1623 – 12 January 1669)
* Father: Jang Hyeong ({{Korean|hangul=장형|hanja=張炯|labels=no}}; 25 February 1623 – 12 January 1669)
* Mother
* Mother
** Biological - Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan ({{Korean|hangul=파평 윤씨|labels=no}}; 1626–1698); second wife
** Biological: Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan ({{Korean|hangul=파평 윤씨|labels=no}}; 1626–1698); second wife
** Step - Lady Go of the Jeju Go clan ({{Korean|hangul=증 정경부인 제주 고씨|hanja=濟州 髙氏|labels=no}}; ?–1645)
** Step: Lady Go of the Jeju Go clan ({{Korean|hangul=증 정경부인 제주 고씨|hanja=濟州 髙氏|labels=no}}; ? – 1645)


'''Sibling(s)'''
'''Sibling(s)'''


* Older half-brother - Jang Hui-sik ({{Korean|hangul=장희식|labels=no}}; 1640–?)
* Elder half-brother: Jang Hui-sik ({{Korean|hangul=장희식|labels=no}}; 1640 – ?)
* Older sister - Lady Jang ({{Korean|hangul=장씨|labels=no}})
* Elder sister: Lady Jang ({{Korean|hangul=장씨|labels=no}})
* Older brother - Jang Hui-jae ({{Korean|hangul=장희재|labels=no}}; 1651 – 29 October 1701)
* Elder brother: Jang Hui-jae ({{Korean|hangul=장희재|labels=no}}; 1651 – 29 October 1701)


'''Husband'''
'''Husband'''
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'''Issue'''
'''Issue'''
* Son: [[Gyeongjong of Joseon|Yi Yun, King Gyeongjong of Joseon]] ({{Korean|hangul=이윤 조선 경종|labels=no}}; 20 November 1688 – 30 September 1724)
* Son: [[Gyeongjong of Joseon|Yi Yun, King Gyeongjong of Joseon]] ({{Korean|hangul=이윤 조선 경종|labels=no}}; 20 November 1688 – 30 September 1724)
** Daughter-in-law: [[Queen Danui|Queen Danui of the Cheongsong Shim clan]] ({{Korean|hangul=단의왕후 심씨|labels=no}}; 1 July 1686 – 25 March 1718)
** Daughter-in-law: [[Queen Danui]] of the Cheongsong Shim clan ({{Korean|hangul=단의왕후 심씨|labels=no}}; 1 July 1686 – 25 March 1718)
** Daughter-in-law: [[Queen Seonui|Queen Seonui of the Hamjong Eo clan]] ({{Korean|hangul=선의왕후 어씨|labels=no}}; 3 December 1705 – 1 August 1730)
** Daughter-in-law: [[Queen Seonui]] of the [[Hamjong Eo clan]] ({{Korean|hangul=선의왕후 어씨|labels=no}}; 3 December 1705 – 1 August 1730)
* Son: Yi Seong-su ({{Korean|hangul=이성수|labels=no}}; 19 July 1690 – 16 September 1690)
* Son: Yi Seong-su ({{Korean|hangul=이성수|labels=no}}; 19 July 1690 – 16 September 1690)


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* Portrayed by Jun In-hwa in the 1988 MBC TV series ''500 Years of Joseon Dynasty: Queen Inhyeon''.<ref name="jhb"/>
* Portrayed by Jun In-hwa in the 1988 MBC TV series ''500 Years of Joseon Dynasty: Queen Inhyeon''.<ref name="jhb"/>
* Portrayed by Jung Sun-kyung in 1995 [[Seoul Broadcasting System|SBS]] TV series ''Jang Hee Bin''.<ref name="jhb"/>
* Portrayed by Jung Sun-kyung in 1995 [[Seoul Broadcasting System|SBS]] TV series ''Jang Hee Bin''.<ref name="jhb"/>
* Portrayed by [[Kim Hye-soo]] in the 2002–3 [[KBS2]] TV series ''[[Royal Story: Jang Hui-bin]]''.<ref name="jhb"/><ref>{{cite web|title=TV Dramas - Actresses Line up for Award Ceremony Takeover|url=http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2003/12/29/2003122961019.html|work=[[The Chosun Ilbo]]|access-date=2013-04-02|date=29 December 2003}}</ref>
* Portrayed by [[Kim Hye-soo]] in the 2002–2003 [[KBS2]] TV series ''[[Royal Story: Jang Hui-bin]]''.<ref name="jhb"/><ref>{{cite web|title=TV Dramas - Actresses Line up for Award Ceremony Takeover|url=http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2003/12/29/2003122961019.html|work=[[The Chosun Ilbo]]|access-date=2013-04-02|date=29 December 2003}}</ref>
* Interpreted by Yoon Se-ah in the movie Shadows In The Palace 2007.
* Portrayed by [[Yoon Se-ah]] in the 2007 film ''[[Shadows in the Palace]]''.
* Portrayed by [[Lee So-yeon (actress)|Lee So-yeon]] in the 2010 MBC TV series ''[[Dong Yi (TV series)|Dong Yi]]''.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lee|first=Ga-on|title=Han Hyo-joo says she "hold fast" to her role in ''DongYi''|url=http://www.asiae.co.kr/news/view.htm?idxno=2010050716003369984|work=10Asia|access-date=2013-01-26|date=7 May 2010}}</ref>
* Portrayed by [[Lee So-yeon (actress)|Lee So-yeon]] in the 2010 MBC TV series ''[[Dong Yi (TV series)|Dong Yi]]''.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lee|first=Ga-on|title=Han Hyo-joo says she "hold fast" to her role in ''DongYi''|url=http://www.asiae.co.kr/news/view.htm?idxno=2010050716003369984|work=10Asia|access-date=2013-01-26|date=7 May 2010}}</ref>
* Portrayed by Choi Woo-ri in the 2012 [[TvN (South Korean TV channel)|tvN]] TV series ''[[Queen and I (South Korean TV series)|Queen Inhyun's Man]]''.
* Portrayed by Choi Woo-ri in the 2012 [[TvN (South Korean TV channel)|tvN]] TV series ''[[Queen and I (South Korean TV series)|Queen Inhyun's Man]]''.
* Portrayed by [[Kim Tae-hee]] and [[Kang Min-ah]] in the 2013 SBS TV series ''[[Jang Ok-jung, Living by Love]]''.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ho|first=Stewart|title=Kim Tae Hee Cast in Her First Historic Drama, ''Jang Ok Jung'' as Joseon Dynasty's Infamous Lady Jang Hee Bin|url=http://enewsworld.mnet.com/enews/contents.asp?idx=16901|website=EnewsWorld.mnet.com|publisher=CJ E&M|date=8 October 2012|access-date=2013-01-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121227171220/http://enewsworld.mnet.com/enews/contents.asp?idx=16901|archive-date=27 December 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Portrayed by [[Kim Tae-hee]] and [[Kang Min-ah]] in the 2013 SBS TV series ''[[Jang Ok-jung, Living by Love]]''.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ho|first=Stewart|title=Kim Tae Hee Cast in Her First Historic Drama, ''Jang Ok Jung'' as Joseon Dynasty's Infamous Lady Jang Hee Bin|url=http://enewsworld.mnet.com/enews/contents.asp?idx=16901|website=EnewsWorld.mnet.com|publisher=CJ E&M|date=8 October 2012|access-date=2013-01-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121227171220/http://enewsworld.mnet.com/enews/contents.asp?idx=16901|archive-date=27 December 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Parody|Parodied]] by members of the pop band [[Shinhwa]] in [[list of Shinhwa Broadcast episodes|the 25 August 2012 episode]] of [[JTBC]] variety show ''[[Shinhwa Broadcasting]]''.<ref>{{cite web|last=Hong|first=Grace Danbi|title=Shinhwa Transforms into Royal Concubines for ''Shinhwa Broadcast''|url=http://enewsworld.mnet.com/enews/contents.asp?idx=13251|access-date=2012-12-16|website=EnewsWorld.mnet.com|date=24 August 2012|publisher=CJ E&M}}{{Dead link|date=March 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
* [[Parody|Parodied]] by members of the pop band [[Shinhwa]] in [[list of Shinhwa Broadcast episodes|the 25 August 2012 episode]] of [[JTBC]] variety show ''[[Shinhwa Broadcasting]]''.<ref>{{cite web|last=Hong|first=Grace Danbi|title=Shinhwa Transforms into Royal Concubines for ''Shinhwa Broadcast''|url=http://enewsworld.mnet.com/enews/contents.asp?idx=13251|access-date=2012-12-16|website=EnewsWorld.mnet.com|date=24 August 2012|publisher=CJ E&M}}{{Dead link|date=March 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
*Portrayed by [[Oh Yeon-ah]] in the 2015 [[SBS TV (South Korean TV channel)|SBS]] TV series ''[[The Royal Gambler|Jackpot]].''
*Portrayed by [[Oh Yeon-ah]] in the 2015 SBS TV series ''[[The Royal Gambler|Jackpot]].''


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 22:34, 16 April 2024

In this Korean name, the family name is Jang, and Hui-bin is a title, not a personal name.

Hui-bin Jang
희빈 장씨
Lady Jang's tomb
Queen consort of Joseon
Tenure22 October 1690 – 12 April 1694
PredecessorQueen Inhyeon
SuccessorQueen Inhyeon
Royal Noble Consort of the First Senior Rank
Tenure
  • 15 January 1689 – 22 October 1690
  • 12 April 1694 – 10 October 1701
Born19 September 1659
Sangpyeong-bang, Hanseong, Joseon
Died10 October 1701 (1701-10-11) (aged 42)
Chwiseondang Hall, Changgyeong Palace, Hanseong, Joseon
Burial
Daebinmyo Mausoleum, Seooneung Cluster, Goyang, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea
SpouseSukjong of Joseon
IssueGyeongjong of Joseon
Clan
DynastyHouse of Yi (by marriage)
FatherJang Hyeong
MotherLady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan
ReligionKorean Buddhism
Korean name
Hangul
희빈 장씨
Hanja
Revised RomanizationHui-bin Jang-ssi
McCune–ReischauerHŭi-pin Chang-ssi
Birth name
Hangul
장옥정
Hanja
張玉貞
Revised RomanizationJang Ok-jeong
McCune–ReischauerChang Ok-chŏng

Royal Noble Consort Hui of the Indong Jang clan (Korean: 희빈 장씨; Hanja: 禧嬪 張氏; 19 September 1659 – 10 October 1701), personal name Jang Ok-jeong (장옥정; 張玉貞), was an infamous consort of Sukjong of Joseon and the mother of King Gyeongjong. She was queen of Joseon from 1690 until her deposition in 1694.

Biography

Early life

Jang Ok-jeong was the daughter of Jang Hyeong and his second wife, Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan. Part of the Namin faction, she came from a long line of interpreters and belonged to the Jungin class.

Ok-jeong is widely thought to have been one of the most beautiful women in Joseon, and her charm was mentioned in the Annals.

She became a lady-in-waiting to the King's step-great-grandmother, Grand Queen Dowager Jaui, at the recommendation of Prince Dongpyeong, who was Sukjong's first cousin-once-removed and Jaui's step-grandson.[1]

Life as royal consort

While visiting Queen Jaui, the King became infatuated with Ok-jeong's beauty and gave her the rank of Seungeun Sanggung (or Favored Sanggung; 승은 상궁), but his mother, Queen Dowager Hyeonyeol, who belonged to the Seoin faction, feared that Jang Ok-jeong would influence him to favor the Namin, so she expelled her from the palace.

In 1683, Hyeonyeol died and Queen Min, Sukjong's wife at that time (posthumously known as Queen Inhyeon), allowed Lady Jang to return to court.

In 1686, Ok-jeong became a concubine with the rank of Sug-won (숙원; 淑媛).[2] In 1688, she was elevated to So-ui (소의; 昭儀), after giving birth to the King's first son, Yi Yun.

In the court, the Seoin faction split into Noron (Old Learning), led by Song Si-yeol, and Soron (New Learning), led by Yun Jeung. The Noron was supported by Queen Inhyeon.

The Namin faction pushed for the King to acknowledge Yi Yun as heir apparent, but the Seoin faction insisted that the Queen was still young and could bear a son, who should be the heir. Sukjong pushed for a compromise in which the Queen would adopt Yi Yun as her son. However, she refused to do so. Sukjong became angry at the opposition, and many were killed, including Song Si-yeol. The Namin faction seized power, and they exiled the Queen's father and the leaders of the Seoin faction.

In May 1689, Queen Inhyeon was also deposed and exiled. This incident is called Gisa Hwanguk (기사환국).[3][4]

In that same year, Lady Jang was promoted to Bin (빈; 嬪), the highest rank for a consort, with the prefix Hui (禧), which means "beautiful". Later, Jang Hui-bin was appointed as queen consort.

In 1693, Sukjong's new favorite, a palace maid from the Haeju Choe clan, was officially elevated to a royal consort of the Sug-won rank. Choe Sug-won (later Choe Suk-bin), was an open supporter of Queen Min and encouraged the King to reinstate her to her original position. In the meantime, Kim Chun-taek, who was member of the Noron faction, and Han Jung-hyuk from the Soron faction, staged a campaign to reinstate the Deposed Queen.

In 1694, Jang Ok-jeong lost the favor of the King.[5] Sukjong grew disgusted by the greed of the Namin faction and the ever-powerful Jang family. He also felt remorse for his temperamental actions during Gisa Hwanguk. In the government, the Namin faction's attempt to purge the Seoin on the charge of plotting to reinstate the deposed Queen backfired.

Later years and death

The King banished Jang Hui-jae, Queen Jang's older brother, and the leaders of the Namin party. He officially demoted Jang Ok-jeong to her former position, Hui-bin, and reinstated the Deposed Queen Min. This incident is called Gapsul Hwanguk (갑술환국). The Namin faction would never politically recover from this purge.

The Soron faction supported Crown Prince Yi Yun, who was Jang Hui-bin's son, while the Noron faction supported Yi Geum, Prince Yeoning, who was Choe Suk-bin's son.

In 1701, Queen Inhyeon died of an unknown disease. Allegedly, Sukjong discovered Lady Jang conspiring with a shaman priestess to curse the Queen with black magic and gloating over her death.[6] The Soron faction pleaded with the King to show mercy and pointed out that she was the mother of the Crown Prince.

Unmoved, the King sentenced Hui-bin, her mother, her brother, the leader of Soron and all of her companions to death. 1700 people died as a result of the incident.[citation needed] He also exiled the courtiers who had asked him to spare Lady Jang's life.[7]

On 7 October 1701, Sukjong passed a decree prohibiting any concubine from ever becoming Queen, and on 10 October 1701, Jang Hui-bin was executed by poisoning at Chwiseondang Hall, her residence inside Changgyeong Palace. She was 42 years old.

Burial

Her tomb is called Daebinmyo and was originally located in Gwangju, Gyeonggi Province, but in June 1969 it was moved to the Seooneung Cluster, in Deogyang District, Goyang, Gyeonggi Province, near Myeongneung, which contains the tombs of King Sukjong and two of his wives, Queen Inhyeon and Queen Inwon.[8][9] The relocation took place because the tomb was blocking the government's planned expansion of the city.

Behind the tomb is a large rock, and a pine tree has broken through the rock to grow. There is speculation that this reveals that Jang Hui-bin's ki (energy) was, and still is, very strong. Some Korean websites report that because Lady Jang was such a strong woman there is a belief that if young, single women who want a boyfriend visit the tomb and pay a tribute, they will soon find love.[10]

Her memorial tablet was enshrined in Chilgung (or the "Palace Of Seven Royal Concubines").[11]

Ancestry

Family

  • Father: Jang Hyeong (장형; 張炯; 25 February 1623 – 12 January 1669)
  • Mother
    • Biological: Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평 윤씨; 1626–1698); second wife
    • Step: Lady Go of the Jeju Go clan (증 정경부인 제주 고씨; 濟州 髙氏; ? – 1645)

Sibling(s)

  • Elder half-brother: Jang Hui-sik (장희식; 1640 – ?)
  • Elder sister: Lady Jang (장씨)
  • Elder brother: Jang Hui-jae (장희재; 1651 – 29 October 1701)

Husband

Issue

  • Son: Yi Yun, King Gyeongjong of Joseon (이윤 조선 경종; 20 November 1688 – 30 September 1724)
    • Daughter-in-law: Queen Danui of the Cheongsong Shim clan (단의왕후 심씨; 1 July 1686 – 25 March 1718)
    • Daughter-in-law: Queen Seonui of the Hamjong Eo clan (선의왕후 어씨; 3 December 1705 – 1 August 1730)
  • Son: Yi Seong-su (이성수; 19 July 1690 – 16 September 1690)

References

  1. ^ Prince Dongpyeong's father was Yi Jing, Prince Sungseon, the eldest son of King Injo and Lady Gwi-in of the Okcheon Jo clan.
  2. ^ Sug-won is the lowest rank for the concubine of the King (junior 4th).
  3. ^ "네이버 학술정보". Academic.naver.com. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  4. ^ Hulbert, Homer B. (Homer Bezaleel) (26 October 2017). "The history of Korea". Seoul, Methodist Pub. House. Retrieved 26 October 2017 – via Internet Archive.
  5. ^ Book "East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History", 3rd pag. 255.
  6. ^ The Memoirs of Lady Hyegyeong Page 246.
  7. ^ Lee, Bae-young (20 October 2008). Wome in Korean History. Ewha Womans University Press. pp. 109–111. ISBN 978-8973007721.
  8. ^ "Daebinmyo Tomb at Seooreung Tombs - Exploring Korea". Exploringkorea.com. 4 August 2011. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  9. ^ "Academic : Information of Palaces and Royal Tombs (Royal Tombs)". Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  10. ^ "King Sukjong and Jang Hee Bin's Tombs". Dramasrok.com. 8 June 2010. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  11. ^ "Chilgung: Traces of the Seven Royal Concubines". The Argus (in Korean). 15 May 2019. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
  12. ^ "Lady Jang (Janghuibin) (1961)". Korean Movie Database. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
  13. ^ "Femme Fatale, Jang Hee-bin (Yohwa, Jang Hee-bin) (1968)". Korean Movie Database. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
  14. ^ a b c d e '죽지 않는' 장희빈 벌써 9명, 김태희가 뒤 이을까. OhmyNews (in Korean). 22 September 2012. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
  15. ^ "TV Dramas - Actresses Line up for Award Ceremony Takeover". The Chosun Ilbo. 29 December 2003. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
  16. ^ Lee, Ga-on (7 May 2010). "Han Hyo-joo says she "hold fast" to her role in DongYi". 10Asia. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
  17. ^ Ho, Stewart (8 October 2012). "Kim Tae Hee Cast in Her First Historic Drama, Jang Ok Jung as Joseon Dynasty's Infamous Lady Jang Hee Bin". EnewsWorld.mnet.com. CJ E&M. Archived from the original on 27 December 2012. Retrieved 23 January 2013.
  18. ^ Hong, Grace Danbi (24 August 2012). "Shinhwa Transforms into Royal Concubines for Shinhwa Broadcast". EnewsWorld.mnet.com. CJ E&M. Retrieved 16 December 2012.[permanent dead link]
Royal Noble Consort Huibin Jang
Indong Jang clan
Royal titles
Preceded by
Queen Inhyeon
of the Yeoheung Min clan
 Queen consort of Joseon
1688–1694 		Succeeded by
Queen Inhyeon
of the Yeoheung Min clan
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal_Noble_Consort_Huibin_Jang&oldid=1219300343"