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{{Short description|A short list}}
{{Short description|A short list}}
The [[Nobel Prize]] is an annual, international prize first awarded in 1901 for achievements in [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]], [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]], [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Physiology or Medicine]], [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]], and [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]], with an associated prize in [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Economics]] awarded since 1969.<ref name=Britannica1>[http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9056008 "Nobel Prize]" (2007), in ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'', accessed 14 November 2007, from ''Encyclopædia Britannica Online'': {{quote|An additional award, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was established in 1968 by the Bank of Sweden and was first awarded in 1969}}</ref> As of November 2022, Nobel Prizes had been awarded to 954 individuals,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/lists/all/ |title=All Nobel Laureates |publisher=Nobel Foundation |access-date=2019-10-11}}</ref> of whom 17 were Black recipients (1.7% of the 954 individual recipients).
The [[Nobel Prize]] is an annual, international prize first awarded in 1901 for achievements in [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]], [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]], [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Physiology or Medicine]], [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]], and [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]], with an associated prize in [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Economics]] awarded since 1969.<ref name=Britannica1>[http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9056008 "Nobel Prize]" (2007), in ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'', accessed 14 November 2007, from ''Encyclopædia Britannica Online'': {{quote|An additional award, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was established in 1968 by the Bank of Sweden and was first awarded in 1969}}</ref> As of November 2022, Nobel Prizes had been awarded to 954 individuals,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/lists/all/ |title=All Nobel Laureates |publisher=Nobel Foundation |access-date=2019-10-11}}</ref> of whom 17 were black recipients (1.7% of the 954 individual recipients).


[[Black people]] have received awards in three of the six award categories: twelve in Peace (70.6% of the black recipients), four in Literature (23.5%), and one in Economics (5.9%). The first Black recipient, [[Ralph Bunche]], was awarded the Peace Prize in 1950. [[W. Arthur Lewis]] became the first Black recipient of a Nobel Prize in one of the sciences when he was awarded the Economic Prize in 1979. The most recent laureate, [[Abdulrazak Gurnah]], was awarded the Prize in Literature in 2021.
[[Black people]] have received awards in three of the six award categories: twelve in Peace (70.6% of the black recipients), four in Literature (23.5%), and one in Economics (5.9%). The first black recipient, [[Ralph Bunche]], was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1950. [[W. Arthur Lewis]] became the first black recipient of a Nobel Prize in one of the sciences when he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 1979. The most recent black laureate, [[Abdulrazak Gurnah]], was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2021.


Among the Black laureates, three served as [[head of state|heads of state]] or [[head of government|government]] of their respective countries upon receiving the Nobel Prize, while one was awarded before taking office. Those include [[Barack Obama]] of the United States and [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] of Liberia, who were presidents, along with [[Abiy Ahmed]] of Ethiopia, who was prime minister; all of them were awarded the Peace Prize. In addition, [[Nelson Mandela]] of South Africa became a Nobel Peace laureate before being elected president.
Among the black Nobel laureates, three served as [[head of state|heads of state]] or [[head of government|government]] of their respective countries upon receiving the Nobel Prize, while one was awarded the prize before taking office. Those include [[Barack Obama]] of the United States and [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] of Liberia, who were presidents, along with [[Abiy Ahmed]] of Ethiopia, who was prime minister; all of them were awarded the Peace Prize. In addition, [[Nelson Mandela]] of South Africa became a Nobel Peace laureate before being elected president.


==Literature==
==Literature==
Four Black people have been given the [[Nobel Prize in Literature]].
Four black people have been awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Literature]].


{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
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| {{sortname|Wole|Soyinka}}
| {{sortname|Wole|Soyinka}}
| {{flag|Nigeria}}
| {{flag|Nigeria}}
| First Black man to win the Nobel Prize for Literature<ref>{{cite web | title = Wole Soyinka Biography| publisher = [[Nobelprize.org]] | url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1986/soyinka-bio.html}}</ref>
| First black man to win the Nobel Prize for Literature<ref>{{cite web | title = Wole Soyinka Biography| publisher = [[Nobelprize.org]] | url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1986/soyinka-bio.html}}</ref>
|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1992
| style="text-align:center;"| 1992
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| {{sortname|Toni|Morrison}}
| {{sortname|Toni|Morrison}}
| {{flag|United States}}
| {{flag|United States}}
| First Black woman to win a Nobel Prize<ref>{{cite news | title = Toni Morrison Is '93 Winner of Nobel Prize in Literature | work = New York Times | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1983/10/08/books/93nobel.html | first=William | last=Grimes | date=1983-10-08 | access-date=2010-05-08}}</ref>
| First black woman to win a Nobel Prize<ref>{{cite news | title = Toni Morrison Is '93 Winner of Nobel Prize in Literature | work = New York Times | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1983/10/08/books/93nobel.html | first=William | last=Grimes | date=1983-10-08 | access-date=2010-05-08}}</ref>
|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 2021
| style="text-align:center;"| 2021
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==Peace==
==Peace==
12 Black people have been given the [[Nobel Peace Prize]].
12 black people have been awarded the [[Nobel Peace Prize]].


{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
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| {{sortname|Ralph|Bunche}}
| {{sortname|Ralph|Bunche}}
| {{flag|United States|1912}}
| {{flag|United States|1912}}
| First Black person to win a Nobel Prize<ref>[https://www.pbs.org/ralphbunche/ Ralph Bunche], PBS.</ref>
| First black person to win a Nobel Prize<ref>[https://www.pbs.org/ralphbunche/ Ralph Bunche], PBS.</ref>
|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1960
| style="text-align:center;"| 1960
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| {{sortname|Albert John|Luthuli}}
| {{sortname|Albert John|Luthuli}}
| {{flag|South Africa|1928}}
| {{flag|South Africa|1928}}
| First Black African to win a Nobel Prize
| First black African to win a Nobel Prize
|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1964
| style="text-align:center;"| 1964
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==Economics==
==Economics==
One Black person has been awarded the [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics]].
One black person has been awarded the [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics]].


{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
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| {{sortname|W. Arthur|Lewis}}
| {{sortname|W. Arthur|Lewis}}
| {{flag|Saint Lucia|1979}}
| {{flag|Saint Lucia|1979}}
| First and (so far) only Black person to win a Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences; first West Indian to win a Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences<ref>{{cite news | title = Unsung Heroes | publisher = [[Time (magazine)|Time]] | url = http://www.time.com/time/2007/blackhistmth/bios/09.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070210114456/http://www.time.com/time/2007/blackhistmth/bios/09.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = February 10, 2007 | date=2007-12-01 | access-date=2010-05-08}}</ref>
| First and (so far) only black person to win a Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences; first West Indian to win a Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences<ref>{{cite news | title = Unsung Heroes | publisher = [[Time (magazine)|Time]] | url = http://www.time.com/time/2007/blackhistmth/bios/09.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070210114456/http://www.time.com/time/2007/blackhistmth/bios/09.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = February 10, 2007 | date=2007-12-01 | access-date=2010-05-08}}</ref>
|}
|}


Latest revision as of 22:24, 20 May 2024

The Nobel Prize is an annual, international prize first awarded in 1901 for achievements in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace, with an associated prize in Economics awarded since 1969.[1] As of November 2022, Nobel Prizes had been awarded to 954 individuals,[2] of whom 17 were black recipients (1.7% of the 954 individual recipients).

Black people have received awards in three of the six award categories: twelve in Peace (70.6% of the black recipients), four in Literature (23.5%), and one in Economics (5.9%). The first black recipient, Ralph Bunche, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1950. W. Arthur Lewis became the first black recipient of a Nobel Prize in one of the sciences when he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 1979. The most recent black laureate, Abdulrazak Gurnah, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2021.

Among the black Nobel laureates, three served as heads of state or government of their respective countries upon receiving the Nobel Prize, while one was awarded the prize before taking office. Those include Barack Obama of the United States and Ellen Johnson Sirleaf of Liberia, who were presidents, along with Abiy Ahmed of Ethiopia, who was prime minister; all of them were awarded the Peace Prize. In addition, Nelson Mandela of South Africa became a Nobel Peace laureate before being elected president.

Literature

[edit]

Four black people have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Year Image Laureate Land Kommentar
1986
Wole Soyinka  Nigeria First black man to win the Nobel Prize for Literature[3]
1992
Derek Walcott  St. Lucia
1993
Toni Morrison  Vereinigte Staaten First black woman to win a Nobel Prize[4]
2021
Abdulrazak Gurnah  Vereinigtes Königreich Gurnah moved to the United Kingdom in the 1960s as a refugee following the Zanzibar Revolution[5]

Peace

[edit]

12 black people have been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

Year Image Laureate Land Kommentar
1950
Ralph Bunche  Vereinigte Staaten First black person to win a Nobel Prize[6]
1960
Albert John Luthuli  Südafrika First black African to win a Nobel Prize
1964
Martin Luther King Jr.  Vereinigte Staaten Youngest African American to win a Nobel Prize, at age 35
1984
Desmond Tutu  Südafrika
1993
Nelson Mandela  Südafrika
2001
Kofi Annan  Ghana
2004
Wangari Maathai  Kenia First environmentalist to win the Nobel Peace Prize
2009
Barack Obama  Vereinigte Staaten
2011
Ellen Johnson Sirleaf  Liberia
2011
Leymah Gbowee  Liberia
2018
Denis Mukwege  Democratic Republic of the Congo
2019
Abiy Ahmed  Äthiopien

Wirtschaft

[edit]

One black person has been awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics.

Year Image Laureate Land Kommentar
1979
W. Arthur Lewis  St. Lucia First and (so far) only black person to win a Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences; first West Indian to win a Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences[7]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Nobel Prize" (2007), in Encyclopædia Britannica, accessed 14 November 2007, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online:

    An additional award, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was established in 1968 by the Bank of Sweden and was first awarded in 1969
  2. ^ "All Nobel Laureates". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2019-10-11.
  3. ^ "Wole Soyinka Biography". Nobelprize.org.
  4. ^ Grimes, William (1983-10-08). "Toni Morrison Is '93 Winner of Nobel Prize in Literature". New York Times. Retrieved 2010-05-08.
  5. ^ "Nobel Literature Prize 2021: Abdulrazak Gurnah named winner". BBC News. 7 October 2021. Archived from the original on 7 October 2021. Retrieved 9 October 2021.
  6. ^ Ralph Bunche, PBS.
  7. ^ "Unsung Heroes". Time. 2007-12-01. Archived from the original on February 10, 2007. Retrieved 2010-05-08.
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