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| chief2_name = [[Angus Campbell (general)|Angus Campbell]]
| chief2_name = [[Angus Campbell (general)|Angus Campbell]]
| chief2_position = [[Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)|Chief of the Defence Force]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.defence.gov.au/cdf/|title=Chief of the Defence Force|website=www.defence.gov.au|language=en|access-date=2019-06-01}}</ref>
| chief2_position = [[Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)|Chief of the Defence Force]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.defence.gov.au/cdf/|title=Chief of the Defence Force|website=www.defence.gov.au|language=en|access-date=2019-06-01}}</ref>
| chief3_name = [[Rachel Noble]]
| chief3_name =
| chief3_position = Director-General of the [[Australian Signals Directorate]]
| chief3_position =
| child2_agency = [[Department of Defence (Australia)|Department of Defence]]
| child2_agency = [[Department of Defence (Australia)|Department of Defence]]
| child1_agency = [[Australian Defence Force]]
| child1_agency = [[Australian Defence Force]]
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}}
}}


The '''Australian Defence Organisation''' ('''ADO''') is an [[Australian Government]] organisation that consists of the [[Australian Defence Force]] (ADF), the [[Department of Defence (Australia)|Department of Defence]] (DoD, also branded as Defence Australia<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dennett |first=Harley |date=2022-05-17 |title=Federal department drops the D-word in rebrand |url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/7740757/federal-department-drops-the-d-word-in-rebrand/ |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=The Canberra Times |language=en-AU}}</ref>), and other related organisations. In present use, the ADO is referred to as '''Defence.'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=2022-23 Annual report |url=https://www.ombudsman.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/301202/Commonwealth-Ombudsman-Annual-Report-2022-23.pdf.pdf |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=Office of the Commonwealth Ombudsman |page=52}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Organisation structure |url=https://www.defence.gov.au/about/who-we-are/organisation-structure |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407173518/https://www.defence.gov.au/about/who-we-are/organisation-structure |archive-date=2024-04-07 |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=Defence}}</ref> Defence's mission and purpose is "to defend Australia and its national interests in order to advance Australia’s security and prosperity".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Defence mission |url=https://www.defence.gov.au/about/who-we-are/defence-mission |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=Defence}}</ref>
The '''Australian Defence Organisation''' ('''ADO''') is an [[Australian Government]] organisation that consists of the [[Australian Defence Force]] (ADF), the [[Department of Defence (Australia)|Department of Defence]] (DoD), also branded as Defence Australia<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dennett |first=Harley |date=2022-05-17 |title=Federal department drops the D-word in rebrand |url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/7740757/federal-department-drops-the-d-word-in-rebrand/ |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=The Canberra Times |language=en-AU}}</ref>), and other related organisations. In present use, the ADO is referred to as '''Defence.'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=2022-23 Annual report |url=https://www.ombudsman.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/301202/Commonwealth-Ombudsman-Annual-Report-2022-23.pdf.pdf |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=Office of the Commonwealth Ombudsman |page=52}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Organisation structure |url=https://www.defence.gov.au/about/who-we-are/organisation-structure |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407173518/https://www.defence.gov.au/about/who-we-are/organisation-structure |archive-date=2024-04-07 |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=Defence}}</ref> Defence's mission and purpose is "to defend Australia and its national interests in order to advance Australia’s security and prosperity".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Defence mission |url=https://www.defence.gov.au/about/who-we-are/defence-mission |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=Defence}}</ref>


==Organisation==
==Organisation==
Defence consists of several smaller interrelated organisations. In addition to the ADF, led by the [[Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)|Chief of the Defence Force]], and Defence Australia, managed by the [[Secretary of the Department of Defence (Australia)|Secretary of the Department of Defence]], the [[Australian Signals Directorate]] (ASD) is an independent statutory agency and both the [[Inspector-General of the Australian Defence Force|Inspector-General of the ADF]] and the [[Australian honours and awards system#Military theatre and battle honours, honour titles and distinctions|Defence Honours and Awards Appeals Tribunal]] are independent statutory offices created by the [[Defence Act 1903|''Defence Act 1903'']] which operate within the DoD. Defence additionally contains a number of independent statutory offices created by the ''[[Defence Force Discipline Act 1982]]'' and various trusts and companies which support the mission of defence.<ref name=":1" /> Entities within Defence report to the [[Minister for Defence (Australia)|Minister for Defence]], but the defence minster's portfolio and ADO are not identical, for example the [[Department of Veterans' Affairs (Australia)|Department of Veterans' Affairs]] reports to the defence minister but is not part of Defence.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Oct 1998 |title=Defence Annual Report 1997-98 |url=https://www.defence.gov.au/AnnualReports/97-98/full.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org.au/awa/20210121133742mp_/https://www.defence.gov.au/AnnualReports/97-98/full.pdf |archive-date=2021-01-21 |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=Defence |page=vii}}</ref>
Defence consists of several smaller interrelated military and corporate organisations. The two most significant organisations are the ADF, led by the [[Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)|Chief of the Defence Force]] who is Australia's senior military leader, and the DoD, managed by the [[Secretary of the Department of Defence (Australia)|Secretary of the Department of Defence]] who is a senior [[Australian Public Service|public servant]] accountable under the ''Public Governance, Performance and Accountability Act 2013.''<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2017 |title=Defence’s Management of Materiel Sustainment |url=https://www.anao.gov.au/work/performance-audit/defence-management-materiel-sustainment |website=Australian National Audit Office |at=Footnote 17}}</ref> The ADO is understood to be a [[diarchy]], a rare organisational structure intended to take advantage of "the responsibilities and complementary abilities of public servants and military officials". <ref>{{Cite |author=Senate Select Committee for an inquiry into a certain maritime incident |title=Report |at=Chapter 7 - Accountability |url=https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Former_Committees/maritimeincident/report/index |access-date=2024-06-18 |date=2002-10-02 |website=www.aph.gov.au |language=en-AU}}</ref>The 2014 [https://www.defence.gov.au/about/reviews-inquiries/first-principles-review-creating-one-defence ''First Principles Review''], taken up in the [[2016 Defence White Paper]], recommended moving to operate as a more integrated organisation, amid public criticism of the diarchy structure.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dobell |first=Graeme |date=2015-02-08 |title=To shake or axe the Defence diarchy |url=https://www.aspistrategist.org.au/to-shake-or-axe-the-defence-diarchy/ |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=The Strategist |language=en-AU}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.defence.gov.au/sites/default/files/2021-08/2016-Defence-White-Paper.pdf |title=2016 Defence White Paper |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia |year=2016 |isbn=978-0-9941680-5-4 |pages=174}}</ref>


In addition to the two primary organisations, a number of other entities are considered part of Defence:
The ADO was commonly understood to be a diarchy, with the Chief of the Defence Force and Secretary of the Department of Defence jointly leading the organisation. The 2014 [https://www.defence.gov.au/about/reviews-inquiries/first-principles-review-creating-one-defence ''First Principles Review''], taken up in the [[2016 Defence White Paper]], recommended moving to operate as a more integrated organisation.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dobell |first=Graeme |date=2015-02-08 |title=To shake or axe the Defence diarchy |url=https://www.aspistrategist.org.au/to-shake-or-axe-the-defence-diarchy/ |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=The Strategist |language=en-AU}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.defence.gov.au/sites/default/files/2021-08/2016-Defence-White-Paper.pdf |title=2016 Defence White Paper |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia |year=2016 |isbn=978-0-9941680-5-4 |pages=174}}</ref>
* The [[Australian Signals Directorate]] (ASD) is an independent statutory agency under the ''[[Intelligence Services Act 2001]].''
* Both the [[Inspector-General of the Australian Defence Force|Inspector-General of the ADF]] and the [[Australian honours and awards system#Military theatre and battle honours, honour titles and distinctions|Defence Honours and Awards Appeals Tribunal]] are independent statutory offices created by the [[Defence Act 1903|''Defence Act 1903'']] which operate within the DoD.
* Defence additionally contains a number of independent statutory offices created by the ''[[Defence Force Discipline Act 1982]].''
* Various other trusts and companies support the mission of defence, including the [[Australian Strategic Policy Institute]], [[Defence Housing Australia]] and funds and trusts associated with branches of the ADF.<ref name=":1" />


Entities within Defence report to the [[Minister for Defence (Australia)|Minister for Defence]], but the defence minster's portfolio and ADO are not identical, for example the [[Department of Veterans' Affairs (Australia)|Department of Veterans' Affairs]] reports to the defence minister but is not part of Defence.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Oct 1998 |title=Defence Annual Report 1997-98 |url=https://www.defence.gov.au/AnnualReports/97-98/full.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org.au/awa/20210121133742mp_/https://www.defence.gov.au/AnnualReports/97-98/full.pdf |archive-date=2021-01-21 |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=Defence |page=vii}}</ref>
⚫
While Defence is more commonly used, 'Australian Defence Organisation' referring to these entities collectively is longstanding practice.<ref>{{Cite web | author1=Andrews, FB | title=Integrated Communications for the Australian Defence Organisation | journal=Communications Conference 1990: Electronic Communications in the 1990's - a New Era; Preprints of Papers | publication-date=1990 | publisher=Institution of Engineers, Australia | pages=147-151 | isbn=978-0-85825-507-4 |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/39408885?keyword=%22Australian%20Defence%20Organisation%22&sortBy=dateAsc&startPos=0 |access-date=2024-06-18 }}</ref> For example, 'Australian Defence Organisation' can still be seen on the [[Vehicle registration plate|licence plates]] of vehicles managed by the Australian Defence Organisation Commercial Vehicles Fleet, operated by the [[Australian Army]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=Feb 2024 |title=Australian Defence Organisation Commercial Vehicles Fleet |url=https://www.defence.gov.au/defence-activities/projects/australian-defence-organisation-commercial-vehicles-fleet |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=Defence}}</ref>
{{multiple image
| align = rights
| direction = vertical
| thumb
| caption2 = Examples of ADO number plates
| image1 = 1992 Australian Defence Organisation registration plate D1506X.jpg
| alt1 = Registration plate with number D1506X above the text Australian Defence Organisation
| image2 = ADO,F16LOO.jpg
| alt2 = Registration plate with number F16LOO above the text Australian Defence Organisation
}}
⚫
While Defence is more commonly used, use of 'Australian Defence Organisation' to refer to the entities collectively is longstanding practice.<ref>{{Cite web | author1=Andrews, FB | title=Integrated Communications for the Australian Defence Organisation | journal=Communications Conference 1990: Electronic Communications in the 1990's - a New Era; Preprints of Papers | publication-date=1990 | publisher=Institution of Engineers, Australia | pages=147-151 | isbn=978-0-85825-507-4 |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/39408885?keyword=%22Australian%20Defence%20Organisation%22&sortBy=dateAsc&startPos=0 |access-date=2024-06-18 }}</ref> For example, 'Australian Defence Organisation' can still be seen on the [[Vehicle registration plate|number plates]] of vehicles managed by the Australian Defence Organisation Commercial Vehicles Fleet, operated by the [[Australian Army]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=Feb 2024 |title=Australian Defence Organisation Commercial Vehicles Fleet |url=https://www.defence.gov.au/defence-activities/projects/australian-defence-organisation-commercial-vehicles-fleet |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=Defence}}</ref>


==Australian Defence Force==
==Australian Defence Force==

Revision as of 14:05, 18 June 2024

Australian Defence Organisation
Agency overview
Formed9 February 1976 (1976-02-09)
JurisdictionAustralien
HauptsitzCanberra
Employees75,685 (June 2020)[1]
Annual budgetA$42.151 billion (2020-21)[2]
Ministers responsible
Agency executives
Child agencies
Websitedefence.gov.au

The Australian Defence Organisation (ADO) is an Australian Government organisation that consists of the Australian Defence Force (ADF), the Department of Defence (DoD), also branded as Defence Australia[6]), and other related organisations. In present use, the ADO is referred to as Defence.[7][8] Defence's mission and purpose is "to defend Australia and its national interests in order to advance Australia’s security and prosperity".[9]

Organisation

Defence consists of several smaller interrelated military and corporate organisations. The two most significant organisations are the ADF, led by the Chief of the Defence Force who is Australia's senior military leader, and the DoD, managed by the Secretary of the Department of Defence who is a senior public servant accountable under the Public Governance, Performance and Accountability Act 2013.[10] The ADO is understood to be a diarchy, a rare organisational structure intended to take advantage of "the responsibilities and complementary abilities of public servants and military officials". [11]The 2014 First Principles Review, taken up in the 2016 Defence White Paper, recommended moving to operate as a more integrated organisation, amid public criticism of the diarchy structure.[12][13]

In addition to the two primary organisations, a number of other entities are considered part of Defence:

Entities within Defence report to the Minister for Defence, but the defence minster's portfolio and ADO are not identical, for example the Department of Veterans' Affairs reports to the defence minister but is not part of Defence.[14]

Registration plate with number D1506X above the text Australian Defence Organisation
Registration plate with number F16LOO above the text Australian Defence Organisation
Examples of ADO number plates

While Defence is more commonly used, use of 'Australian Defence Organisation' to refer to the entities collectively is longstanding practice.[15] For example, 'Australian Defence Organisation' can still be seen on the number plates of vehicles managed by the Australian Defence Organisation Commercial Vehicles Fleet, operated by the Australian Army.[16]

Australian Defence Force

The armed forces of Australia are the Australian Defence Force, consisting of three branches: the Royal Australian Navy, Australian Army and Royal Australian Air Force.[17] Command of the Australian Defence Force, under the direction of Defence Minister, is the primary responsibility of the Chief of the Defence Force, currently General Angus Campbell.[18]

Reporting to the Chief of Defence Force are the Chief of Navy, Chief of Army, and Chief of Air Force.[19] Each Chief manages the day-to-day executive operations of their branch with both discretionary decision making authority and direction from the Chief of the Defence Force and the various Ministers of the defence portfolio and often cooperate with their counterparts from the other services as well as the Department of Defence.[20]

The Vice Chief of the Defence Force, currently Vice Admiral David Johnston, is responsible for joint force integration, preparedness and military strategy, interoperability, and designing the future force.[21] The Joint Operations Command oversees all joint deployments of the Australian Defence Force and is commanded by the Chief of Joint Operations. The Joint Capabilities Group, commanded by the Chief of Joint Capabilities, provides joint military professional education and training, logistics support, health support and oversees the Joint Logistics Command, Joint Health Command, Australian Defence College, and the Information Warfare Division.[19]

Department of Defence

The main offices of the Department of Defence and the Australian Defence Force's administrative headquarters are located in the Russell Offices complex in Canberra

The Department of Defence is one of the three original Australian Government departments created at Federation of Australia in 1901, alongside the Attorney-General's Department and the Treasury. It is the Australian Public Service entity that provides advice, coordination, and program delivery for defence and military policy.

The Department of Defence also manages and oversees a range of public service and defence force agencies and organisations that deliver and develop the capabilities and services that support the Australian Defence Force. Such agencies include the Army and Air Force Canteen Service, the Defence Community Organisation, and Defence Housing Australia.

The Department also includes key groups including the Capability Acquisition and Sustainment Group, the Defence Science and Technology Group, and the Defence Strategic Policy and Intelligence Group (which oversees the Australian Signals Directorate, Defence Intelligence Organisation, and Australian Geospatial-Intelligence Organisation).

References

  1. ^ "Defence Workforce Factsheet" (PDF). www1.defence.gov.au/strategy-policy/strategic-update-2020. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
  2. ^ "Defense Budget factsheet" (PDF). www1.defence.gov.au/strategy-policy/strategic-update-2020. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
  3. ^ a b c d "Department of Defence Ministers". www.minister.defence.gov.au. 1 June 2019. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
  4. ^ "Secretary of Defence". www.defence.gov.au/secretary. 1 June 2019. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
  5. ^ "Chief of the Defence Force". www.defence.gov.au. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
  6. ^ Dennett, Harley (17 May 2022). "Federal department drops the D-word in rebrand". The Canberra Times. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
  7. ^ "2022-23 Annual report" (PDF). Office of the Commonwealth Ombudsman. p. 52. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
  8. ^ a b "Organisation structure". Defence. Archived from the original on 7 April 2024. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
  9. ^ "Defence mission". Defence. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
  10. ^ "Defence's Management of Materiel Sustainment". Australian National Audit Office. 11 July 2017. Footnote 17.
  11. ^ Senate Select Committee for an inquiry into a certain maritime incident (2 October 2002), "Report", www.aph.gov.au, Chapter 7 - Accountability, retrieved 18 June 2024
  12. ^ Dobell, Graeme (8 February 2015). "To shake or axe the Defence diarchy". The Strategist. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
  13. ^ 2016 Defence White Paper (PDF). Commonwealth of Australia. 2016. p. 174. ISBN 978-0-9941680-5-4.
  14. ^ "Defence Annual Report 1997-98" (PDF). Defence. October 1998. p. vii. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
  15. ^ Andrews, FB (1990). "Integrated Communications for the Australian Defence Organisation". Communications Conference 1990: Electronic Communications in the 1990's - a New Era; Preprints of Papers. Institution of Engineers, Australia. pp. 147–151. ISBN 978-0-85825-507-4. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
  16. ^ "Australian Defence Organisation Commercial Vehicles Fleet". Defence. February 2024. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
  17. ^ "Defence Senior Leaders". Department of Defence. Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
  18. ^ "General Angus J. Campbell, AO, DSC Chief of the Defence Force". Department of Defence. Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
  19. ^ a b "Defence Senior Leaders". Department of Defence. Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
  20. ^ "Defence Organisational Structure Chart" (PDF). www.defence.gov.au. 18 January 2019. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
  21. ^ "Vice Chief of the Defence Force". Department of Defence. Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
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