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'''Black Hole Quencher 1''' ('''BHQ1''') is an example of [[dark quencher]], which is used to quench green and yellow dyes, such as [[6-Carboxyfluorescein|6-carboxyfluorescein]] (6-FAM), [[tetrachlorofluorescein]] (TET), and [[hexachlorofluorescein]] (HEX). The role of quenchers is to absorb energy from a [[fluorophore]] and to re-emit the energy in the form of either heat (dark quenchers) or [[visible light]] (fluorescent quenchers). The absorption range of BHQ1 is from 480 to 580&nbsp;nm with maximum absorption at 534&nbsp;nm.<ref name="FL1">{{cite journal |last1=Didenko |first1=V. V. |title=DNA probes using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET): designs and applications |journal=BioTechniques |date=November 2001 |volume=31 |issue=5 |pages=1106–1116, 1118, 1120–1121 |doi=10.2144/01315rv02 |pmid=11730017 |pmc=1941713 |issn=0736-6205}}</ref><ref name="FL 2">{{cite journal |last1=Livak |first1=K. J. |last2=Flood |first2=S. J. |last3=Marmaro |first3=J. |last4=Giusti |first4=W. |last5=Deetz |first5=K. |title=Oligonucleotides with fluorescent dyes at opposite ends provide a quenched probe system useful for detecting PCR product and nucleic acid hybridization |journal=PCR Methods and Applications |date=June 1995 |volume=4 |issue=6 |pages=357–362 |doi=10.1101/gr.4.6.357 |pmid=7580930 |issn=1054-9803|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="FL 3">{{cite journal |last1=Yeung |first1=Anthony T. |last2=Holloway |first2=Brian P. |last3=Adams |first3=Pamela Scott |last4=Shipley |first4=Gregory L. |title=Evaluation of dual-labeled fluorescent DNA probe purity versus performance in real-time PCR |journal=BioTechniques |date=February 2004 |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=266–270, 272, 274–275 |doi=10.2144/04362RR01 |pmid=14989091 |issn=0736-6205|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="FL 4">{{cite journal |last1=Tyagi |first1=Sanjay |last2=Kramer |first2=Fred Russell |title=Molecular Beacons: Probes that Fluoresce upon Hybridization |journal=Nature Biotechnology |date=March 1996 |volume=14 |issue=3 |pages=303–308 |doi=10.1038/nbt0396-303 |pmid=9630890 |s2cid=27010207 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nbt0396-303 |access-date=30 August 2022 |language=en |issn=1546-1696}}</ref>
'''Black Hole Quencher 1''' ('''BHQ1''') is an example of [[dark quencher]], which is used to [[Quenching (fluorescence)|quench]] green and yellow dyes, such as [[6-Carboxyfluorescein|6-carboxyfluorescein]] (6-FAM), [[tetrachlorofluorescein]] (TET), and [[hexachlorofluorescein]] (HEX). The role of quenchers is to absorb energy from a [[fluorophore]] and to re-emit the energy in the form of either heat (dark quenchers) or [[visible light]] (fluorescent quenchers). The absorption range of BHQ1 is from 480 to 580&nbsp;nm with maximum absorption at 534&nbsp;nm.<ref name="FL1">{{cite journal |last1=Didenko |first1=V. V. |title=DNA probes using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET): designs and applications |journal=BioTechniques |date=November 2001 |volume=31 |issue=5 |pages=1106–1116, 1118, 1120–1121 |doi=10.2144/01315rv02 |pmid=11730017 |pmc=1941713 |issn=0736-6205}}</ref><ref name="FL 2">{{cite journal |last1=Livak |first1=K. J. |last2=Flood |first2=S. J. |last3=Marmaro |first3=J. |last4=Giusti |first4=W. |last5=Deetz |first5=K. |title=Oligonucleotides with fluorescent dyes at opposite ends provide a quenched probe system useful for detecting PCR product and nucleic acid hybridization |journal=PCR Methods and Applications |date=June 1995 |volume=4 |issue=6 |pages=357–362 |doi=10.1101/gr.4.6.357 |pmid=7580930 |issn=1054-9803|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="FL 3">{{cite journal |last1=Yeung |first1=Anthony T. |last2=Holloway |first2=Brian P. |last3=Adams |first3=Pamela Scott |last4=Shipley |first4=Gregory L. |title=Evaluation of dual-labeled fluorescent DNA probe purity versus performance in real-time PCR |journal=BioTechniques |date=February 2004 |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=266–270, 272, 274–275 |doi=10.2144/04362RR01 |pmid=14989091 |issn=0736-6205|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="FL 4">{{cite journal |last1=Tyagi |first1=Sanjay |last2=Kramer |first2=Fred Russell |title=Molecular Beacons: Probes that Fluoresce upon Hybridization |journal=Nature Biotechnology |date=March 1996 |volume=14 |issue=3 |pages=303–308 |doi=10.1038/nbt0396-303 |pmid=9630890 |s2cid=27010207 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nbt0396-303 |access-date=30 August 2022 |language=en |issn=1546-1696}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Quenching (fluorescence)]]


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 19:08, 25 June 2024

Black Hole Quencher 1
Names
IUPAC name
2-[N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-[[2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]anilino]ethanol
Other names
BHQ1; BHQ-1
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
  • InChI=1S/C25H28N6O5/c1-17-4-9-21(24(14-17)31(34)35)27-28-22-16-25(36-3)23(15-18(22)2)29-26-19-5-7-20(8-6-19)30(10-12-32)11-13-33/h4-9,14-16,32-33H,10-13H2,1-3H3
    Key: HIASSCPHCQBUHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • O=N(=O)C1=CC(=CC=C1N=NC=2C=C(OC)C(N=NC3=CC=C(C=C3)N(CCO)CCO)=CC2C)C
Properties
C25H28N6O5
Molar mass 492.536 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Black Hole Quencher 1 (BHQ1) is an example of dark quencher, which is used to quench green and yellow dyes, such as 6-carboxyfluorescein (6-FAM), tetrachlorofluorescein (TET), and hexachlorofluorescein (HEX). The role of quenchers is to absorb energy from a fluorophore and to re-emit the energy in the form of either heat (dark quenchers) or visible light (fluorescent quenchers). The absorption range of BHQ1 is from 480 to 580 nm with maximum absorption at 534 nm.[1][2][3][4]

References

  1. ^ Didenko, V. V. (November 2001). "DNA probes using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET): designs and applications". BioTechniques. 31 (5): 1106–1116, 1118, 1120–1121. doi:10.2144/01315rv02. ISSN 0736-6205. PMC 1941713. PMID 11730017.
  2. ^ Livak, K. J.; Flood, S. J.; Marmaro, J.; Giusti, W.; Deetz, K. (June 1995). "Oligonucleotides with fluorescent dyes at opposite ends provide a quenched probe system useful for detecting PCR product and nucleic acid hybridization". PCR Methods and Applications. 4 (6): 357–362. doi:10.1101/gr.4.6.357. ISSN 1054-9803. PMID 7580930.
  3. ^ Yeung, Anthony T.; Holloway, Brian P.; Adams, Pamela Scott; Shipley, Gregory L. (February 2004). "Evaluation of dual-labeled fluorescent DNA probe purity versus performance in real-time PCR". BioTechniques. 36 (2): 266–270, 272, 274–275. doi:10.2144/04362RR01. ISSN 0736-6205. PMID 14989091.
  4. ^ Tyagi, Sanjay; Kramer, Fred Russell (March 1996). "Molecular Beacons: Probes that Fluoresce upon Hybridization". Nature Biotechnology. 14 (3): 303–308. doi:10.1038/nbt0396-303. ISSN 1546-1696. PMID 9630890. S2CID 27010207. Retrieved 30 August 2022.
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