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{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}} |
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{{Speciesbox |
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|image = Babiana_torta_Murray_1.jpg |
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|genus = Babiana |
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|species = torta |
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|authority = ([[Gwendoline Joyce Lewis|G.J.Lewis]])<ref name=Strelitzia18>{{cite journal|first1= Peter|last1= Goldblatt|first2= John C.|author-link1= Peter Goldblatt|last2= Manning|author-link2= John Charles Manning|year= 2007|title= A revision of the South African genus ''Babiana'', Iridaceae, Crocoidae|journal= Strelitzia|volume= 18|pages= 27|publisher= [[South African National Biodiversity Institute]], Pretoria, and [[Missouri Botanical Garden]], Missouri|url= http://opus.sanbi.org/jspui/bitstream/20.500.12143/248/3/Strelitzia_18_2007.pdf}}</ref>}} |
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'''''Babiana torta''''' is a [[species]] of [[geophyte]] of {{cvt|7-15|cm|in}} high that is assigned to the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Iridaceae]]. It has whitish [[Zygomorphic|mirror-symmetrical]] flowers with a long narrow tube that split into six tepal lobes, have three stamens, and line- to lance-shaped, laterally compressed leaves.<ref name=Strelitzia18 /> It is an endemic species of South Africa that can be found along the west and south coast of the [[Western Cape]] province. It flowers from August to early October.<ref name=RedList>{{cite web|website= Red List of South African Plants|title= Babiana tubiflora (L.f.) Ker Gawl.|url= http://redlist.sanbi.org/species.php?species=1534-153}}</ref> |
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== Description == |
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''Babiana torta'' is a [[Perennial|perennial plant]] of mostly {{cvt|4-8|cm|in}}, sometimes up to 12 cm high, that emerges from an underground globular [[corm]] at the start of its growing season. It has an unbranched stem that is largely underground but sometimes extends up to {{cvt|1|cm|in}} above the ground. It has soft-textured, undulating, [[Glossary of leaf morphology#lanceolate|lance-shaped]], softly hairy or nearly hairless leaves of mostly {{cvt|7-12|mm|in}}, sometimes up to 18 mm wide, that are twisted beyond midlength, with usually only the margins and central vein thickened. Young leaves however, do not undulate, are loosely coiled and distinctly hairy. The 2 bracts subtending each flower are slightly hairy, forked in the upper third, {{cvt|17-20|mm|in}} long, green with the tip drying to pale brown, the inner bract as long as or slightly longer than the outer.<ref name=Strelitzia18 /> |
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Each [[inflorescence]] carries mostly 1-3, sometimes up to 5 [[Floral_symmetry#Zygomorphic|mirror-symmetrical]], sweetly scented flowers close to the ground. The [[perianth]] is mauve to pale slate-blue, sometimes white, the lower tepal having pale yellow to white central blotches, that are mostly edged with darker blue. The perianth tube is 2-2¼ cm long, the dorsal tepal with 3-3½ cm considerably largen than the three lower tepals that measure 2¼-2½ cm. The stamens are clustered under the dorsal tepal, have arched [[Stamen#Morphology and terminology|filaments]] of about {{cvt|15|mm|in}} that carry [[anther]]s of about {{cvt|6|mm|in}} long. The ovary is hairless and the [[Stigma (botany)#Style|style]] divides into the three branches at the tip of the anthers. It flowers mostly between the middle of May and the middle of June.<ref name=Strelitzia18 /> |
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=== Differences with similar species === |
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''Babiana torta'' can easilly be confused with ''[[Babiana namaquensis]]'', which as a more northerly distibution and grows on limestone, but is also a low plant, with few pale bluish to white flowers and twisted leaves. ''B. namaquensis'' however, has smooth to sparsely hairy leaves, always smooth bracts, and a perianth tube of 2½-2¾ cm long. ''Babiana torta'' usually has densely hairy leaves, a perianth tube of 2-2¼ cm long, and prominently veined, mostly silky hairy or sparsely velvety bracts.<ref name=Strelitzia18 /> |
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== Taxonomy == |
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This species was first described by South African botanist [[Gwendoline Joyce Lewis]] in her extensive revision of the genus ''Babiana'', that was published 1959, based on specimens collected about {{cvt|16|km|mi}} east of the road between Kliprand and Brakfontein in the [[Kamiesberge|Kamiesberg]] area in 1958.<ref name=Strelitzia18 /> |
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== Distribution, ecology and conservation == |
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''Babiana torta'' can be found in the Kamiesberg between the granite hills south of [[Kliprand]], [[Springbok, South Africa|Springbok]] in the north and [[Bitterfontein]], [[Nuwerus]] and [[Koekenaap]] in the west. This species mostly grows in the cracks of granite outcrops.<ref name=Strelitzia18 /> This species is known from 12 locations, appears to be common in its preferred environment, its population is stable and no threats have been identified. Its continued survival is therefore considered of [[Least-concern species|least concern]].<ref>{{cite web|website= Red List of South African plants|title= Babiana torta G.J.Lewis|url= http://redlist.sanbi.org/species.php?species=1534-81}}</ref> |
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== References == |
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<!---{{Reflist}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=}} |
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[[Category:Babiana|torta]] |
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[[Category:Endemic flora of South Africa]] |
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[[Category:Plants described in 1959]]---> |
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