User:John Z/drafts/Diplomatic recognition

Diplomatic recognition

Diplomatic recognition is the act in which a state's government is formally recognized by another state as being "legitimate."

delete For example, when a country experiences a coup, especially a coup against an elected president, other countries may wish to not recognize the new military government as legitimate, and continue to back the deposed leader, who they will continue to regard as holding office. It is assumed that if enough countries withhold recognition of a "rebel" or illegal government, that government will have no choice to step down, or fear international isolation.

In practice, this scenario rarely occurs. Throughout history most military governments have been formally recognized as legitimate by most states, even democratic countries. This is because from a strictly practical point of view, it does not make sense to ignore the de facto ruler of a country, especially when diplomatic relations with that country are important to maintain. delete

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Diplomatic recognition is an act by which one state acknowledges an act or status of another state or government, thereby according it a degree of legitimacy and expressing its intent to bring into force the legal consequences of recognition. Things which can be recognized include: belligerent rights of a party in a conflict, the occupation or annexation of territory, or maritime flags. Most importantly a state can recognize another (new) state or the government of a state. Recognition can be accorded de facto or de jure. It is not necessary when the government changes in a normal, constitutional way, but

Recognition of a government implies recognition of the state it governs, but not vice versa. Recognition of states de facto is rare, and questions center around recognition of governments. De jure recognition is of course stronger, while de facto recognition is more tentative. There is sometimes a gap

Examples are the Some examples of governments which have not been regarded as legitimate or granted diplomatic recognition include the Taliban government of Afghanistan, which lasted 1996-2001 and was recognized by only three countries. Until the installation of a new US-backed government, the vast majority of countries and the UN continued to recognize the government of ousted President Burhanuddin Rabbani as being the legitimate government.

On the other hand, the USA did not recognize the WWII annexation of the Baltic states by the Soviet Union, and still recognized the independence of these three states until surprisingly with the collapse of communism in the Soviet Union, these states once more came into being in fact, rather than just on paper.

Another example is the state of Israel in 1948, the government of which was immediately recognized de facto by the USA ( and later Britain) soon "one-upped" by the Soviet recognition de jure.

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