Beta-ketothiolase deficiency: Difference between revisions
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Name = {{PAGENAME}} | |
Name = {{PAGENAME}} | |
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Image = l-isoleucine.png | |
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Caption = [[Isoleucine]] | |
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DiseasesDB = 29824 | |
DiseasesDB = 29824 | |
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'''Beta-ketothiolase deficiency''' is an |
'''Beta-ketothiolase deficiency''' is an rare, [[autosomal recessive]] [[metabolic disorder]] in which the body cannot properly process the [[amino acid]] [[isoleucine]] or the products of [[lipid]] breakdown. |
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The typical age of onset for this disorder is between 6 months and 24 months. The signs and symptoms of beta-ketothiolase deficiency include [[vomiting]], [[dehydration]], trouble breathing, extreme tiredness, and occasionally [[convulsion]]s. These episodes are called ketoacidotic attacks and can sometimes lead to [[coma]]. Attacks occur when compounds called [[organic acids]] (which are formed as products of amino acid and fat breakdown) build up to toxic levels in the blood. These attacks are often triggered by an infection, fasting (not eating), or in some cases, other types of stress. |
The typical age of onset for this disorder is between 6 months and 24 months. |
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==Symptoms== |
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The signs and symptoms of beta-ketothiolase deficiency include [[vomiting]], [[dehydration]], trouble breathing, extreme tiredness, and occasionally [[convulsion]]s. These episodes are called ketoacidotic attacks and can sometimes lead to [[coma]]. Attacks occur when compounds called [[organic acids]] (which are formed as products of amino acid and fat breakdown) build up to toxic levels in the blood. These attacks are often triggered by an infection, fasting (not eating), or in some cases, other types of stress. |
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==Genetic prevalence== |
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This condition is inherited in an [[autosomal recessive]] pattern and is extremely rare having only been reported in 50 to 60 individuals throughout the world. |
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[[Image:autorecessive.jpg|thumb|right|{{PAGENAME}} has an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance.]] |
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[[Mutation]]s in the ''[[ACAT1]]'' [[gene]] cause beta-ketothiolase deficiency. The [[enzyme]] made by the ''ACAT1'' gene plays an essential role in breaking down proteins and fats in the diet. Specifically, the enzyme is responsible for processing isoleucine, an amino acid that is part of many proteins. This enzyme also processes [[ketone]]s, which are produced during the breakdown of fats. If a mutation in the ''ACAT1'' gene reduces or eliminates the activity of this enzyme, the body is unable to process isoleucine and ketones properly. As a result, harmful compounds can build up and cause the blood to become too acidic ([[ketoacidosis]]), which impairs tissue function, especially in the [[central nervous system]]. |
[[Mutation]]s in the ''[[ACAT1]]'' [[gene]] cause beta-ketothiolase deficiency. The [[enzyme]] made by the ''ACAT1'' gene plays an essential role in breaking down proteins and fats in the diet. Specifically, the enzyme is responsible for processing isoleucine, an amino acid that is part of many proteins. This enzyme also processes [[ketone]]s, which are produced during the breakdown of fats. If a mutation in the ''ACAT1'' gene reduces or eliminates the activity of this enzyme, the body is unable to process isoleucine and ketones properly. As a result, harmful compounds can build up and cause the blood to become too acidic ([[ketoacidosis]]), which impairs tissue function, especially in the [[central nervous system]]. |
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==External links== |
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''This article incorporates public domain text from [http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov The U.S. National Library of Medicine]'' |
''This article incorporates public domain text from [http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov The U.S. National Library of Medicine]'' |
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{{Metabolic pathology}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Genetic disorders]] |
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[[Category:Autosomal recessive disorders]] |
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[[Category:Rare diseases]] |
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[[Category:Inborn errors of metabolism]] |
[[Category:Inborn errors of metabolism]] |
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Revision as of 08:12, 1 February 2008
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| Beta-ketothiolase deficiency |
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Beta-ketothiolase deficiency is an rare, autosomal recessive metabolic disorder in which the body cannot properly process the amino acid isoleucine or the products of lipid breakdown.
The typical age of onset for this disorder is between 6 months and 24 months.
Symptoms
The signs and symptoms of beta-ketothiolase deficiency include vomiting, dehydration, trouble breathing, extreme tiredness, and occasionally convulsions. These episodes are called ketoacidotic attacks and can sometimes lead to coma. Attacks occur when compounds called organic acids (which are formed as products of amino acid and fat breakdown) build up to toxic levels in the blood. These attacks are often triggered by an infection, fasting (not eating), or in some cases, other types of stress.
Genetic prevalence
This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern and is extremely rare having only been reported in 50 to 60 individuals throughout the world.
Mutations in the ACAT1 gene cause beta-ketothiolase deficiency. The enzyme made by the ACAT1 gene plays an essential role in breaking down proteins and fats in the diet. Specifically, the enzyme is responsible for processing isoleucine, an amino acid that is part of many proteins. This enzyme also processes ketones, which are produced during the breakdown of fats. If a mutation in the ACAT1 gene reduces or eliminates the activity of this enzyme, the body is unable to process isoleucine and ketones properly. As a result, harmful compounds can build up and cause the blood to become too acidic (ketoacidosis), which impairs tissue function, especially in the central nervous system.
External links
This article incorporates public domain text from The U.S. National Library of Medicine