Spaceway: Difference between revisions
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The '''SPACEWAY''' system was originally envisioned as a global [[Ka band|K<sub>a</sub> band]] communications system by [[Hughes Electronics]].<ref>{{cite paper|title=SPACEWAY: Providing affordable and versatile communication solutions|last=Fitzpatrick|first=E.J.|bibcode=1995prex.meet...49F}}</ref><ref>http://www.infoworld.com/cgi-bin/displayNew.pl?/metcalfe/bm102896.htm</ref> When the project to build the system was taken over by [[Hughes Network Systems]],<ref>http://strategis.ic.gc.ca/epic/internet/insmt-gst.nsf/vwapj/hughesapplication1.pdf/$FILE/hughesapplication1.pdf</ref> a subsidiary of Hughes Electronics, it was transformed into a phased deployment initially only launching a North American satellite system. This is in comparison to other more ambitious systems such as [[Teledesic]]<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20021002112448/www.teledesic.com/newsroom/articles/10-01-2002.html Teledesic Suspends Work Under Satellite Contract<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> and [[Astrolink]]<ref>http://www.lockheedmartin.com/data/assets/314.pdf</ref> which retained their full global nature and which subsequently failed to complete their systems. Hughes Network Systems working with Hughes Electronics subsidiary [[Hughes Space and Communications]] (and subsequently sold to Boeing and called Boeing Satellite Systems and later the Boeing Satellite Development Center)<ref name="boeing.com">[http://www.boeing.com/defense-space/space/bss/factsheets/702/spaceway/spaceway.html Boeing: Integrated Defense Systems - Satellite Development Center - Boeing 702 Fleet - SPACEWAY<sup>TM</sup> North America<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> completed and built the North American SPACEWAY system<ref>http://biz.yahoo.com/prnews/060515/dcm076.html?.v=5 {{Dead link|date=October 2009}}</ref> meant to provide [[Broadband Internet access|broadband]] capabilities of up to 512 kbit/s, 2 Mbit/s, and 16 Mbit/s uplink data communication rates<ref>[http://www.spaceway.com/ Spaceway<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> with fixed K<sub>a</sub>-band satellite terminal antennas sized as small as {{convert|74|cm|abbr=on}}.<ref name="etsi.org">http://www.etsi.org/services_products/freestandard/home.htm</ref> The broadband SPACEWAY system was standardized by [[Telecommunications Industry Association]]<ref>[http://www.tiaonline.org/standards/star/documents/star%202004.pdf Untitled Document<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> and [[European Telecommunications Standards Institute]] as the [[Regenerative Satellite Mesh - A Air Interface]].<ref name="etsi.org"/> |
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#REDIRECT [[DirecTV satellite fleet#SPACEWAY]] |
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After [[News Corp]] purchased a controlling interest in Hughes Electronics (which was renamed to [[DirecTV Group]]), the company sold off its controlling interest in Hughes Network Systems but retained [[SPACEWAY-1]] and [[SPACEWAY-2]] for use in the DirecTV satellite television subsidiary of Hughes Electronics.<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A45648-2004Dec7.html And Another Thing (washingtonpost.com)<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Boeing retrofitted the first two satellites for [[bent-pipe]] K<sub>a</sub>-band communications for use in high definition television and disabled the regenerative on-board processing of the original system that was to be used for broadband satellite communications.<ref name="sec.gov">[http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1345840/000119312506026457/ds1a.htm Amendment No. 4 to Form S-1<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |
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Despite statements to the contrary in the system's initial filings with the [[Federal Communications Commission]], none of the three satellites have [[Inter-Satellite Links]] connecting the satellites directly with each other in space.<ref name="boeing.com"/> |
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[[SPACEWAY-1]], [[SPACEWAY-2]] and [[SPACEWAY-3]] have been launched and Hughes Network Systems has an option to purchase and have Boeing build [[SPACEWAY-4]].<ref name="sec.gov"/> |
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== Notes == |
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{{reflist|2}} |
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== References == |
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*{{cite web | url = http://www.hughes.com/HUGHES/Rooms/DisplayPages/LayoutInitial?Container=com.webridge.entity.Entity%5BOID%5B247EE93EA910FC4882B3105E9AD73791%5D%5D | title = SPACEWAY Technical Specifications | publisher = Hughes Network Systems}} |
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== External links == |
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* [http://www.spacewaydsl.com/What_is_Spaceway/ What is Spaceway?] |
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* [http://www.boeing.com/defense-space/space/bss/factsheets/702/spaceway/spaceway.html Boeing's Original Spaceway Specification and Picture] |
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[[Category:Artificial satellites orbiting Earth]] |
[[Category:Artificial satellites orbiting Earth]] |
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[[Category:Artificial satellites in geosynchronous orbit]] |
[[Category:Artificial satellites in geosynchronous orbit]] |
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Revision as of 17:43, 9 November 2009
The SPACEWAY system was originally envisioned as a global Ka band communications system by Hughes Electronics.[1][2] When the project to build the system was taken over by Hughes Network Systems,[3] a subsidiary of Hughes Electronics, it was transformed into a phased deployment initially only launching a North American satellite system. This is in comparison to other more ambitious systems such as Teledesic[4] and Astrolink[5] which retained their full global nature and which subsequently failed to complete their systems. Hughes Network Systems working with Hughes Electronics subsidiary Hughes Space and Communications (and subsequently sold to Boeing and called Boeing Satellite Systems and later the Boeing Satellite Development Center)[6] completed and built the North American SPACEWAY system[7] meant to provide broadband capabilities of up to 512 kbit/s, 2 Mbit/s, and 16 Mbit/s uplink data communication rates[8] with fixed Ka-band satellite terminal antennas sized as small as 74 cm (29 in).[9] The broadband SPACEWAY system was standardized by Telecommunications Industry Association[10] and European Telecommunications Standards Institute as the Regenerative Satellite Mesh - A Air Interface.[9]
After News Corp purchased a controlling interest in Hughes Electronics (which was renamed to DirecTV Group), the company sold off its controlling interest in Hughes Network Systems but retained SPACEWAY-1 and SPACEWAY-2 for use in the DirecTV satellite television subsidiary of Hughes Electronics.[11] Boeing retrofitted the first two satellites for bent-pipe Ka-band communications for use in high definition television and disabled the regenerative on-board processing of the original system that was to be used for broadband satellite communications.[12]
Despite statements to the contrary in the system's initial filings with the Federal Communications Commission, none of the three satellites have Inter-Satellite Links connecting the satellites directly with each other in space.[6]
SPACEWAY-1, SPACEWAY-2 and SPACEWAY-3 have been launched and Hughes Network Systems has an option to purchase and have Boeing build SPACEWAY-4.[12]
Notes
- ^ Fitzpatrick, E.J. "SPACEWAY: Providing affordable and versatile communication solutions". Bibcode:1995prex.meet...49F.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ http://www.infoworld.com/cgi-bin/displayNew.pl?/metcalfe/bm102896.htm
- ^ http://strategis.ic.gc.ca/epic/internet/insmt-gst.nsf/vwapj/hughesapplication1.pdf/$FILE/hughesapplication1.pdf
- ^ Teledesic Suspends Work Under Satellite Contract
- ^ http://www.lockheedmartin.com/data/assets/314.pdf
- ^ a b Boeing: Integrated Defense Systems - Satellite Development Center - Boeing 702 Fleet - SPACEWAYTM North America
- ^ http://biz.yahoo.com/prnews/060515/dcm076.html?.v=5 [dead link]
- ^ Spaceway
- ^ a b http://www.etsi.org/services_products/freestandard/home.htm
- ^ Untitled Document
- ^ And Another Thing (washingtonpost.com)
- ^ a b Amendment No. 4 to Form S-1
References
- "SPACEWAY Technical Specifications". Hughes Network Systems.