Redcliffe, Bristol: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox UK place |
{{Infobox UK place |
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|country = England |
|country = England |
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|official_name= Redcliffe |
|official_name= Redcliffe |
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==History== |
==History== |
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Redcliffe was originally part of the manor of Bedminster, held by the earls of Gloucester, divided from Bristol by the river Avon. Relatively deep water alongside the outcrops of red sandstone upon which St Mary Redcliffe sits encouraged the development of wharves. There existed some rivalry between residents and merchants of Redcliffe and those Bristol. The only fixed crossing of the river was Bristol Bridge, although there were numerous ferries. |
Redcliffe was originally part of the manor of Bedminster, held by the earls of Gloucester, divided from Bristol by the river Avon. Relatively deep water alongside the outcrops of red sandstone upon which St Mary Redcliffe sits encouraged the development of wharves. There existed some rivalry between residents and merchants of Redcliffe and those Bristol. The only fixed crossing of the river was Bristol Bridge, although there were numerous ferries. |
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In the twelfth century Robert Fitzroy gave the [[Knights Templar]] part of Redcliffe, which then became known as Temple Fee. The Templars were granted the power to hold courts and execute felons. This right passed, along with the fee to the knights of St. John of Jerusalem after the suppression of the Templars.<ref name="latimer 16th century">{{cite book|last=Latimer|first=John|title=Sixteenth Century Bristol|publisher=J. W. Arrowsmith|location=Bristol|year=1908|pages=16–17|chapter=II}}</ref> |
In the twelfth century Robert Fitzroy gave the [[Knights Templar]] part of Redcliffe, which then became known as Temple Fee. The Templars were granted the power to hold courts and execute felons. This right passed, along with the fee to the knights of St. John of Jerusalem after the suppression of the Templars.<ref name="latimer 16th century">{{cite book|last=Latimer|first=John|title=Sixteenth Century Bristol|publisher=J. W. Arrowsmith|location=Bristol|year=1908|pages=16–17|chapter=II}}</ref> |
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Early recorded industries in Redcliffe include [[weaving]], [[fulling]], [[dyeing]]. It is likely that fulling and dyeing, which could be quite noxious processes were not welcome within the town walls of Bristol and so were established here, nearby but outside the city walls. |
Early recorded industries in Redcliffe include [[weaving]], [[fulling]], [[dyeing]]. It is likely that fulling and dyeing, which could be quite noxious processes were not welcome within the town walls of Bristol and so were established here, nearby but outside the city walls. |
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In the 13th century Redcliffe and Bristol underwent a rapid expansion, in [[Henry III of England|King Henry III]]'s reign due to a 'major harbour improvement' ([[Broad Quay]] or [[St. Augustines Reach]]). This involved the construction of a 'Great Ditch' which formed a new course for the River Frome through St Augustine's Marsh. This provided more space for ships to moor and new quays were built. In the same period a stone bridge, Bristol Bridge, was constructed. To achieved this the river Avon was diverted through Redcliffe, along the line of the 'Portwall' and solid stone foundations laid for the bridge, behind wattle and daub coffer dams. "The men of Redcliffe" were enjoined to help these projects by Henry III.<ref name="manson">{{cite book|last=Manson|first=Michael|title=Bristol Beyond the Bridge - the Turbulent History of Redcliffe, Temple and St Thomas|year=2000|publisher=Past and Present Press|isbn=9780953208227}}{{page needed}}</ref> |
In the 13th century Redcliffe and Bristol underwent a rapid expansion, in [[Henry III of England|King Henry III]]'s reign due to a 'major harbour improvement' ([[Broad Quay]] or [[St. Augustines Reach]]). This involved the construction of a 'Great Ditch' which formed a new course for the River Frome through St Augustine's Marsh. This provided more space for ships to moor and new quays were built. In the same period a stone bridge, Bristol Bridge, was constructed. To achieved this the river Avon was diverted through Redcliffe, along the line of the 'Portwall' and solid stone foundations laid for the bridge, behind wattle and daub coffer dams. "The men of Redcliffe" were enjoined to help these projects by Henry III.<ref name="manson">{{cite book|last=Manson|first=Michael|title=Bristol Beyond the Bridge - the Turbulent History of Redcliffe, Temple and St Thomas|year=2000|publisher=Past and Present Press|isbn=9780953208227}}{{page needed|date=November 2010}}</ref> |
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A hundred years later, in 1373, Redcliffe became part of Bristol to become the city and county of Bristol. The granting of county status was important as it meant that legal disputes no longer had to be taken to courts in [[Gloucester]] or [[Ilminster]] in [[Somerset]]. |
A hundred years later, in 1373, Redcliffe became part of Bristol to become the city and county of Bristol. The granting of county status was important as it meant that legal disputes no longer had to be taken to courts in [[Gloucester]] or [[Ilminster]] in [[Somerset]]. |
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Revision as of 20:12, 14 November 2010
Redcliffe, also known as Redcliff, is a district of the English port city of Bristol, adjoining the city centre. It is bounded by the loop of the Floating Harbour (including Bathurst Basin) to the west, north and east, the New Cut of the River Avon to the south. Most of Redcliffe lies within the city ward of Lawrence Hill, although the westernmost section, including the cliffs and hill from which the area takes its name, is in Cabot ward.[1][2]
Redcliffe takes its name from the red sandstone cliffs which line the southern side of the Floating Harbour, behind Phoenix Wharf and Redcliffe Wharf. These cliffs are honey-combed with tunnels constructed both to extract sand for the local glass making industry and to act as store houses for goods. Part of the last remaining glass kiln in the area is now the Kiln Restaurant of the Ramada Bristol City Hotel in Redcliffe Way.[3][4]
The parish church of St. Mary Redcliffe is one of Bristol's best known churches, with a spire soaring to a height of 292 ft (90m).
History
Redcliffe was originally part of the manor of Bedminster, held by the earls of Gloucester, divided from Bristol by the river Avon. Relatively deep water alongside the outcrops of red sandstone upon which St Mary Redcliffe sits encouraged the development of wharves. There existed some rivalry between residents and merchants of Redcliffe and those Bristol. The only fixed crossing of the river was Bristol Bridge, although there were numerous ferries.
In the twelfth century Robert Fitzroy gave the Knights Templar part of Redcliffe, which then became known as Temple Fee. The Templars were granted the power to hold courts and execute felons. This right passed, along with the fee to the knights of St. John of Jerusalem after the suppression of the Templars.[5]
Early recorded industries in Redcliffe include weaving, fulling, dyeing. It is likely that fulling and dyeing, which could be quite noxious processes were not welcome within the town walls of Bristol and so were established here, nearby but outside the city walls.
In the 13th century Redcliffe and Bristol underwent a rapid expansion, in King Henry III's reign due to a 'major harbour improvement' (Broad Quay or St. Augustines Reach). This involved the construction of a 'Great Ditch' which formed a new course for the River Frome through St Augustine's Marsh. This provided more space for ships to moor and new quays were built. In the same period a stone bridge, Bristol Bridge, was constructed. To achieved this the river Avon was diverted through Redcliffe, along the line of the 'Portwall' and solid stone foundations laid for the bridge, behind wattle and daub coffer dams. "The men of Redcliffe" were enjoined to help these projects by Henry III.[6]
A hundred years later, in 1373, Redcliffe became part of Bristol to become the city and county of Bristol. The granting of county status was important as it meant that legal disputes no longer had to be taken to courts in Gloucester or Ilminster in Somerset.
References
- ^ "Future of Redcliffe - Supplementary Planning Document - Introduction". Bristol City Council. Archived from the original on 2007-09-26. Retrieved June 19, 2006.
- ^ Ordnance Survey (2005). OS Explorer Map 155 - Bristol & Bath. ISBN 0-319-23609-9.
- ^ "The Caves - History". Retrieved June 19, 2006.
- ^ "Glassworks". Retrieved June 19, 2006.
- ^ Latimer, John (1908). "II". Sixteenth Century Bristol. Bristol: J. W. Arrowsmith. pp. 16–17.
- ^ Manson, Michael (2000). Bristol Beyond the Bridge - the Turbulent History of Redcliffe, Temple and St Thomas. Past and Present Press. ISBN 9780953208227.[page needed]
External links
- Map sources for Redcliffe.