Alexander Mackenzie Fraser: Difference between revisions
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== Military service == |
== Military service == |
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Educated at [[Aberdeen University]],<ref name=odnb>[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/10103?docPos=1 Alexander Mackenzie-Fraser at Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]</ref> he was [[Commissioned officer|commissioned]] into the [[73rd Regiment of Foot]] in 1778.<ref name=odnb/> He distinguished himself at the [[Great Siege of Gibraltar]].<ref name="Scotland Fraser's History" /> He later served during the [[American war of Independence]] where he was wounded, and serving during the [[British campaign in Flanders (1774-1775)|British Campaign in Flanders]] where he temporarily commanded a brigade under [[Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany|Duke of York]]. He participated in the [[Cape of Good Hope expedition of 1796|Cape of Good Hope expedition]] in 1796, and served in India from 1796 to 1800. From 1803 to 1805 he was assigned to the Home Staff, temporary commanding on the of the infantry brigades (Hanoverian) of the [[King's German Legion]] in 1805. In 1806 he served under General [[James Henry Craig]] in the [[Anglo-Russian invasion of Naples]] during his service in Sicily. |
Educated at [[Aberdeen University]],<ref name=odnb>[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/10103?docPos=1 Alexander Mackenzie-Fraser at Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]</ref> he was [[Commissioned officer|commissioned]] into the [[71st (Highland) Regiment of Foot|73rd Regiment of Foot]] in 1778.<ref name=odnb/> He distinguished himself at the [[Great Siege of Gibraltar]].<ref name="Scotland Fraser's History" /> He later served during the [[American war of Independence]] where he was wounded, and serving during the [[British campaign in Flanders (1774-1775)|British Campaign in Flanders]] where he temporarily commanded a brigade under [[Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany|Duke of York]]. He participated in the [[Cape of Good Hope expedition of 1796|Cape of Good Hope expedition]] in 1796, and served in India from 1796 to 1800. From 1803 to 1805 he was assigned to the Home Staff, temporary commanding on the of the infantry brigades (Hanoverian) of the [[King's German Legion]] in 1805. In 1806 he served under General [[James Henry Craig]] in the [[Anglo-Russian invasion of Naples]] during his service in Sicily. |
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He commanded the [[Alexandria expedition of 1807|Alexandria expedition]] in 1807, invading Egypt on March 16, 1807 with 6,000 British troops. Mackenzie-Fraser did first occupy Alexandria to secure the port as a base for Mediterranean operations and to prevent the French from making strategic use of it. Attempts to push inland, however, were not a success, with Fraser losing the two [[Engagement (military)|engagements]] at Rosetta (modern Rashid) on 29 March and 21 April, with two battalions suffering very heavy casualties, particularly in the later [[ambush]]. An agreement with [[Mohammed Ali]] for British troops to leave Egypt was finally signed on 19 September, 1807.<ref>[http://www.napoleon.org/en/reading_room/timelines/files/friedland_06.asp History of the two empires - timelines]</ref> |
He commanded the [[Alexandria expedition of 1807|Alexandria expedition]] in 1807, invading Egypt on March 16, 1807 with 6,000 British troops. Mackenzie-Fraser did first occupy Alexandria to secure the port as a base for Mediterranean operations and to prevent the French from making strategic use of it. Attempts to push inland, however, were not a success, with Fraser losing the two [[Engagement (military)|engagements]] at Rosetta (modern Rashid) on 29 March and 21 April, with two battalions suffering very heavy casualties, particularly in the later [[ambush]]. An agreement with [[Muhammad Ali of Egypt|Mohammed Ali]] for British troops to leave Egypt was finally signed on 19 September, 1807.<ref>[http://www.napoleon.org/en/reading_room/timelines/files/friedland_06.asp History of the two empires - timelines]</ref> |
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After Egypt he was given command of the [[1st Infantry Division (United Kingdom)|1st Division]] which was intended to be sent to aid Sweden in 1808 during the [[Finnish War|Russo-Swedish War]] in that year. |
After Egypt he was given command of the [[1st Infantry Division (United Kingdom)|1st Division]] which was intended to be sent to aid Sweden in 1808 during the [[Finnish War|Russo-Swedish War]] in that year. |
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Revision as of 18:21, 7 May 2011
Alexander Mackenzie-Fraser | |
|---|---|
| Allegiance |  Vereinigtes Königreich |
| Service/ | British Army |
| Rank | Lieutenant General |
| Battles/wars | American war of Independence Napoleonic Wars |
Lieutenant General Alexander Mackenzie-Fraser (1758 - 13 September 1809) was a British General. He was known as Mackenzie until he took additional name of Fraser in 1803.
Family and early life
The family of Fraser of Castle Fraser, in Aberdeenshire, Scotland are descended, on the female side, from the Honorable Sir Simon Fraser of Inverallochy, second son of Simon, eighth Lord Lovat, but on the male side their name is Mackenzie.[1]
Military service
Educated at Aberdeen University,[2] he was commissioned into the 73rd Regiment of Foot in 1778.[2] He distinguished himself at the Great Siege of Gibraltar.[1] He later served during the American war of Independence where he was wounded, and serving during the British Campaign in Flanders where he temporarily commanded a brigade under Duke of York. He participated in the Cape of Good Hope expedition in 1796, and served in India from 1796 to 1800. From 1803 to 1805 he was assigned to the Home Staff, temporary commanding on the of the infantry brigades (Hanoverian) of the King's German Legion in 1805. In 1806 he served under General James Henry Craig in the Anglo-Russian invasion of Naples during his service in Sicily.
He commanded the Alexandria expedition in 1807, invading Egypt on March 16, 1807 with 6,000 British troops. Mackenzie-Fraser did first occupy Alexandria to secure the port as a base for Mediterranean operations and to prevent the French from making strategic use of it. Attempts to push inland, however, were not a success, with Fraser losing the two engagements at Rosetta (modern Rashid) on 29 March and 21 April, with two battalions suffering very heavy casualties, particularly in the later ambush. An agreement with Mohammed Ali for British troops to leave Egypt was finally signed on 19 September, 1807.[3]
After Egypt he was given command of the 1st Division which was intended to be sent to aid Sweden in 1808 during the Russo-Swedish War in that year.
During the Peninsular War Mackenzie-Fraser commanded the 3rd Division in Portugal and Spain during 1808-1809, and was present at the Battle of Corunna.
He again commanded a division during the Walcheren Campaign of 1809, dying from complications brought on by the illness he suffered there. [4]