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In the US, these component elements of the weld specification are:<ref name=TC9237>{{citation |title=Welding Theory and Application |publisher=Department of the Army |date=7 May 1993 |number=Training Circular 9-237 |url=https://armypubs.us.army.mil/doctrine/DR_pubs/dr_aa/pdf/tc9_237.pdf}}</ref>
In the US, these component elements of the weld specification are:<ref name=TC9237>{{citation |title=Welding Theory and Application |publisher=Department of the Army |date=7 May 1993 |number=Training Circular 9-237 |url=https://armypubs.us.army.mil/doctrine/DR_pubs/dr_aa/pdf/tc9_237.pdf}}</ref>
==Rules to be observed while applying symbols==

# The reference line - the body of the arrow which is the baseline for the specification.
# The reference line - the body of the arrow which is the baseline for the specification.
# The arrow tip which goes at an angle to the reference line, pointing to the joint to be welded.
# The arrow tip which goes at an angle to the reference line, pointing to the joint to be welded.

Revision as of 18:36, 18 October 2011

The symbolic representation of a V weld of chamfered plates in a technical drawing

The symbols and conventions used in welding documentation are specified in national and international standards such as ISO 2553 Welded, brazed and soldered joints -- Symbolic representation on drawings and ISO 4063 Welding and allied processes -- Nomenclature of processes and reference numbers. The US standard symbols are outlined by the American National Standards Institute and the American Welding Society and are noted as "ANSI/AWS".[1] Due in part to the growth of the oil industry, this symbol set was used during the 1990s in about 50% of the world's welding operations.[1] An ISO committee sought to establish a global standard during this decade.[1]

The location of the elements of a welding symbol when following US conventions.

In engineering drawings, each weld is conventionally identified by an arrow which points to the joint to be welded. The arrow is annotated with letters, numbers and symbols which indicate the exact specification of the weld. In complex applications, such as those involving alloys other than mild steel, more information may be called for than can comfortably be indicated using the symbols alone.[1] Annotations are used in these cases.[1]

In the US, these component elements of the weld specification are:[2]

Rules to be observed while applying symbols

  1. The reference line - the body of the arrow which is the baseline for the specification.
  2. The arrow tip which goes at an angle to the reference line, pointing to the joint to be welded.
  3. The tail which goes at the other end of the reference line.
  4. The basic welding symbol which goes on the reference line to indicate the shape of the weld such as a fillet or plug. The symbol is placed on the arrow side or other side of the line to indicate which side of the joint the weld goes.
  5. The dimensions and other numbers such as the length of the weld or number of spot welds go above and below the reference line.
  6. Supplementary symbols go at the junction of the reference line and the arrow tip. One such symbol is a circle to indicate an all-around weld, which goes on every side of the joint.
  7. Finish symbols go above the reference line to indicate the surface contour or finish of the weld such as flush, convex or concave.
  8. Letters indicating the welding process are placed at the tail end, such as AHW for atomic hydrogen welding. Further examples include:
Designation Welding process
CAW Carbon-arc welding[2]
DB Dip brazing[2]
FB Furnace brazing[2]
FW Flash welding[2]
GMAW Gas metal-arc welding[2]
GTAW Gas tungsten-arc welding[2]
IB Induction brazing[2]
OAW Oxy-acetylene welding[2]
OHW Oxy-hydrogen welding[2]
PGW Pressure gas welding[2]
RB Resistance brazing[2]
SAW Submerged arc welding[2]
TB Torch brazing[2]
UW Upset welding[2]

Welding process designation

While,representation of welding symbol it is necessary to have some abbreviations for simplicity and to avoid lengthy notes.

  • welding process designation as follows
Designation Welding process
CAW Carbon arc welding
IB Induction Brazing
CW Cold welding
IRB Infra red brazing
DB Dip brazing
OAW Oxy-acetylene welding
DFW Diffusion welding
OHW Oxy-hydrogen welding
EBW Electron beam welding
PGW Pressure gas welding
ESW Electro-slag welding
RB Resistance welding
EXW Explosion welding
RPW Projection welding
FB Furnace welding
RSEW Resistance seam welding
FOW Forge welding
RSW Resistance spot welding
FRW Friction welding
RW Resistance welding
FW Flash welding
SAW Submerged arc welding
GMAW Gas metal arc welding
TB Torch welding
GTAW Gas tungsten arc welding
UW Upset welding

References

  1. ^ a b c d e E. N. Gregory; Ann A. Armstrong (20 April 2005). Welding symbols on drawings. CRC Press. pp. 7–8. ISBN 978-0-8493-3591-4. Retrieved 10 October 2011.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Welding Theory and Application (PDF), Department of the Army, 7 May 1993

Further reading

  • K.L.Narayana,P.Kannaiah,K.Venkata Reddy (2008). Machine Drawing. New age International. ISBN 978-81-224-1917-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • N.D.Bhatt,V.M.Panchal (2003). Machine Drawing. Charotar Publishing House. ISBN 81-85594-19-8.

External links

Further reading

  1. Symbols and definitions
  2. Standard Weld Symbol
  3. Welding and welding symbols
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