Symbols and conventions used in welding documentation: Difference between revisions
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In the US, these component elements of the weld specification are:<ref name=TC9237>{{citation |title=Welding Theory and Application |publisher=Department of the Army |date=7 May 1993 |number=Training Circular 9-237 |url=https://armypubs.us.army.mil/doctrine/DR_pubs/dr_aa/pdf/tc9_237.pdf}}</ref> |
In the US, these component elements of the weld specification are:<ref name=TC9237>{{citation |title=Welding Theory and Application |publisher=Department of the Army |date=7 May 1993 |number=Training Circular 9-237 |url=https://armypubs.us.army.mil/doctrine/DR_pubs/dr_aa/pdf/tc9_237.pdf}}</ref> |
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==Rules |
==Rules for applying symbols== |
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# The reference line - the body of the arrow which is the baseline for the specification. |
# The reference line - the body of the arrow which is the baseline for the specification. |
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# The arrow tip which goes at an angle to the reference line, pointing to the joint to be welded. |
# The arrow tip which goes at an angle to the reference line, pointing to the joint to be welded. |
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| UW || [[Upset welding]]<ref name=TC9237/> |
| UW || [[Upset welding]]<ref name=TC9237/> |
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==Welding process designation<ref name="Welding symbols">{{cite web|title=Welding symbols|url=http://www.arcraftplasma.com/weldingsymbols.htm}}</ref>== |
==Welding process designation<ref name="Welding symbols">{{cite web|title=Welding symbols|url=http://www.arcraftplasma.com/weldingsymbols.htm}}</ref>== |
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While,representation of welding symbol it is necessary to have some abbreviations for simplicity and to avoid lengthy notes. |
While,representation of welding symbol it is necessary to have some abbreviations for simplicity and to avoid lengthy notes. |
Revision as of 05:09, 19 October 2011
The symbols and conventions used in welding documentation are specified in national and international standards such as ISO 2553 Welded, brazed and soldered joints -- Symbolic representation on drawings and ISO 4063 Welding and allied processes -- Nomenclature of processes and reference numbers. The US standard symbols are outlined by the American National Standards Institute and the American Welding Society and are noted as "ANSI/AWS".[1] Due in part to the growth of the oil industry, this symbol set was used during the 1990s in about 50% of the world's welding operations.[1] An ISO committee sought to establish a global standard during this decade.[1]
In engineering drawings, each weld is conventionally identified by an arrow which points to the joint to be welded. The arrow is annotated with letters, numbers and symbols which indicate the exact specification of the weld. In complex applications, such as those involving alloys other than mild steel, more information may be called for than can comfortably be indicated using the symbols alone.[1] Annotations are used in these cases.[1]
In the US, these component elements of the weld specification are:[2]
Rules for applying symbols
- The reference line - the body of the arrow which is the baseline for the specification.
- The arrow tip which goes at an angle to the reference line, pointing to the joint to be welded.
- The tail which goes at the other end of the reference line.
- The basic welding symbol which goes on the reference line to indicate the shape of the weld such as a fillet or plug. The symbol is placed on the arrow side or other side of the line to indicate which side of the joint the weld goes.
- The dimensions and other numbers such as the length of the weld or number of spot welds go above and below the reference line.
- Supplementary symbols go at the junction of the reference line and the arrow tip. One such symbol is a circle to indicate an all-around weld, which goes on every side of the joint.
- Finish symbols go above the reference line to indicate the surface contour or finish of the weld such as flush, convex or concave.
- Letters indicating the welding process are placed at the tail end, such as AHW for atomic hydrogen welding. Further examples include:
Designation | Welding process |
---|---|
CAW | Carbon-arc welding[2] |
DB | Dip brazing[2] |
FB | Furnace brazing[2] |
FW | Flash welding[2] |
GMAW | Gas metal-arc welding[2] |
GTAW | Gas tungsten-arc welding[2] |
IB | Induction brazing[2] |
OAW | Oxy-acetylene welding[2] |
OHW | Oxy-hydrogen welding[2] |
PGW | Pressure gas welding[2] |
RB | Resistance brazing[2] |
SAW | Submerged arc welding[2] |
TB | Torch brazing[2] |
UW | Upset welding[2] |
Welding process designation[3]
While,representation of welding symbol it is necessary to have some abbreviations for simplicity and to avoid lengthy notes.
- welding process designation as follows
Designation | Welding process |
---|---|
CAW | Carbon arc welding |
IB | Induction Brazing |
CW | Cold welding |
IRB | Infra red brazing |
DB | Dip brazing |
OAW | Oxy-acetylene welding |
DFW | Diffusion welding |
OHW | Oxy-hydrogen welding |
EBW | Electron beam welding |
PGW | Pressure gas welding |
ESW | Electro-slag welding |
RB | Resistance welding |
EXW | Explosion welding |
RPW | Projection welding |
FB | Furnace welding |
RSEW | Resistance seam welding |
FOW | Forge welding |
RSW | Resistance spot welding |
FRW | Friction welding |
RW | Resistance welding |
FW | Flash welding |
SAW | Submerged arc welding |
GMAW | Gas metal arc welding |
TB | Torch welding |
GTAW | Gas tungsten arc welding |
UW | Upset welding |
References
Further reading
- K.L.Narayana,P.Kannaiah,K.Venkata Reddy (2008). Machine Drawing. New age International. ISBN 978-81-224-1917-7.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - N.D.Bhatt,V.M.Panchal (2003). Machine Drawing. Charotar Publishing House. ISBN 81-85594-19-8.
External links
- Deciphering welding symbols at Unified Engineering Inc.