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{{PBB|geneid=56975}}
{{PBB|geneid=56975}}


'''Family with sequence similarity 20, member C''' also known as '''FAM20C''' or '''DMP4''' is a [[protein]] which in humans is encoded by the ''FAM20C'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid15676076">{{cite journal | author = Nalbant D, Youn H, Nalbant SI, Sharma S, Cobos E, Beale EG, Du Y, Williams SC | title = FAM20: an evolutionarily conserved family of secreted proteins expressed in hematopoietic cells | journal = BMC Genomics | volume = 6 | pages = 11 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15676076 | pmc = 548683 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2164-6-11 | url = | issn = }}</ref><ref name="pmid17369251">{{cite journal | author = Hao J, Narayanan K, Muni T, Ramachandran A, George A | title = Dentin matrix protein 4, a novel secretory calcium-binding protein that modulates odontoblast differentiation | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 282 | issue = 21 | pages = 15357–65 |date=May 2007 | pmid = 17369251 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M701547200 | url = | issn = }}</ref><ref name="pmid17924334">{{cite journal | author = Simpson MA, Hsu R, Keir LS, Hao J, Sivapalan G, Ernst LM, Zackai EH, Al-Gazali LI, Hulskamp G, Kingston HM, Prescott TE, Ion A, Patton MA, Murday V, George A, Crosby AH | title = Mutations in FAM20C are associated with lethal osteosclerotic bone dysplasia (Raine syndrome), highlighting a crucial molecule in bone development | journal = Am. J. Hum. Genet. | volume = 81 | issue = 5 | pages = 906–12 |date=November 2007 | pmid = 17924334 | pmc = 2265657 | doi = 10.1086/522240 | url = | issn = }}</ref> Fam20C, a Golgi localized protein kinase, is a serine kinase that phosphorylates both casein and other highly acidic proteins and members of the small integrin-binding ligand, the N-linked glycoproteins (SIBLING) family at the target motif SerXGlu<ref name=“twelve”>Tagliabracci et al., 2012</ref>. The discovery of FAM20C, is largely unexplored, with an unknown number of secreted protein kinases yet to be identified<ref>Tagliabracci et al., 2013</ref><ref name=“yalak”>Yalak and Vogel, 2012</ref>.
'''Family with sequence similarity 20, member C''' also known as '''FAM20C''' or '''DMP4''' is a [[protein]] which in humans is encoded by the ''FAM20C'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid15676076">{{cite journal | author = Nalbant D, Youn H, Nalbant SI, Sharma S, Cobos E, Beale EG, Du Y, Williams SC | title = FAM20: an evolutionarily conserved family of secreted proteins expressed in hematopoietic cells | journal = BMC Genomics | volume = 6 | pages = 11 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15676076 | pmc = 548683 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2164-6-11 | url = | issn = }}</ref><ref name="pmid17369251">{{cite journal | author = Hao J, Narayanan K, Muni T, Ramachandran A, George A | title = Dentin matrix protein 4, a novel secretory calcium-binding protein that modulates odontoblast differentiation | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 282 | issue = 21 | pages = 15357–65 |date=May 2007 | pmid = 17369251 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M701547200 | url = | issn = }}</ref><ref name="pmid17924334">{{cite journal | author = Simpson MA, Hsu R, Keir LS, Hao J, Sivapalan G, Ernst LM, Zackai EH, Al-Gazali LI, Hulskamp G, Kingston HM, Prescott TE, Ion A, Patton MA, Murday V, George A, Crosby AH | title = Mutations in FAM20C are associated with lethal osteosclerotic bone dysplasia (Raine syndrome), highlighting a crucial molecule in bone development | journal = Am. J. Hum. Genet. | volume = 81 | issue = 5 | pages = 906–12 |date=November 2007 | pmid = 17924334 | pmc = 2265657 | doi = 10.1086/522240 | url = | issn = }}</ref> Fam20C, a Golgi localized protein kinase, is a serine kinase that phosphorylates both casein and other highly acidic proteins and members of the small integrin-binding ligand, the N-linked glycoproteins (SIBLING) family at the target motif SerXGlu<ref name="twelve">Tagliabracci et al., 2012</ref>. The discovery of FAM20C, is largely unexplored, with an unknown number of secreted protein kinases yet to be identified<ref>Tagliabracci et al., 2013</ref><ref name="yalak">Yalak and Vogel, 2012</ref>.


== Function ==
== Function ==

Revision as of 21:31, 27 October 2014

Template:PBB

Family with sequence similarity 20, member C also known as FAM20C or DMP4 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the FAM20C gene.[1][2][3] Fam20C, a Golgi localized protein kinase, is a serine kinase that phosphorylates both casein and other highly acidic proteins and members of the small integrin-binding ligand, the N-linked glycoproteins (SIBLING) family at the target motif SerXGlu[4]. The discovery of FAM20C, is largely unexplored, with an unknown number of secreted protein kinases yet to be identified[5][6].

Function

Dmp4 causes differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into functional odontoblast cells and is likely to function as a regulator of dentin mineralization.[2] In 2010 the Dixon group discovered that this protein represents the secretory kinase, responsible for the phosphorylation of all secreted proteins, from milk to bone proteins (Tagliabracci et al, Science 2012)[7] Phosphorylation by Fam20C in the secretory pathway is robust and essential for proper biomineralization of bone. The substrate specificity of FAM20C indicates, however, that it is not likely to account for the tyrosine phosphorylation of the secreted protein. The characterization of FAM20C as an active serine kinase in the Golgi apparatus provides a clear precedent that ATP dependent protein phosphorylation can take place in the secretory apparatus [8][9]


Clinical significance

Mutations in the FAM20C gene are associated with Raine syndrome.[3]

References

  1. ^ Nalbant D, Youn H, Nalbant SI, Sharma S, Cobos E, Beale EG, Du Y, Williams SC (2005). "FAM20: an evolutionarily conserved family of secreted proteins expressed in hematopoietic cells". BMC Genomics. 6: 11. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-6-11. PMC 548683. PMID 15676076.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  2. ^ a b Hao J, Narayanan K, Muni T, Ramachandran A, George A (May 2007). "Dentin matrix protein 4, a novel secretory calcium-binding protein that modulates odontoblast differentiation". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (21): 15357–65. doi:10.1074/jbc.M701547200. PMID 17369251.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  3. ^ a b Simpson MA, Hsu R, Keir LS, Hao J, Sivapalan G, Ernst LM, Zackai EH, Al-Gazali LI, Hulskamp G, Kingston HM, Prescott TE, Ion A, Patton MA, Murday V, George A, Crosby AH (November 2007). "Mutations in FAM20C are associated with lethal osteosclerotic bone dysplasia (Raine syndrome), highlighting a crucial molecule in bone development". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 81 (5): 906–12. doi:10.1086/522240. PMC 2265657. PMID 17924334.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ Tagliabracci et al., 2012
  5. ^ Tagliabracci et al., 2013
  6. ^ Yalak and Vogel, 2012
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference pmid22582013 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Tagliabracci et al., 2012
  9. ^ Yalak and Vogel, 2012.

Further reading

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  • V.S. Tagliabracci, J.L. Engel, J. Wen, S.E. Wiley, C.A. Worby, L.N. Kinch, J. Xiao, N.V. Grishin, J.E. Dixon

Secreted kinase phosphorylates extracellular proteins that regulate biomineralization Science, 336 (2012), pp. 1150–1153

  • G. Yalak, V. Vogel

Extracellular phosphorylation and phosphorylated proteins: not just curiosities but physiologically important Sci. Signal., 5 (2012), p. re7

  • V.S. Tagliabracci, L.A. Pinna, J.E. Dixon

Secreted protein kinases Trends Biochem. Sci., 38 (2013), pp. 121–130

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