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The '''frula''' ({{IPA-sh|frǔla|pron}}), also known as '''jedinka''' |
The '''frula''' ({{IPA-sh|frǔla|pron}}), also known as '''jedinka''' or '''svirala''', is a musical instrument which resembles a small [[recorder (musical instrument)|recorder]] or [[flute]], traditionally played in the [[Serbia]] and [[Croatia]]. It is typically made of wood and has six holes. It is an end-blown [[aerophone]]. The frula is a traditional instrument of [[shepherd]]s, who would play while tending their flocks. |
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For a list of similar instruments, see [[#See also|the section below]]. |
For a list of similar instruments, see [[#See also|the section below]]. |
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==Names== |
==Names== |
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In Croatia it is commonly known as "jedinka |
In Croatia it is commonly known as "jedinka".<ref>{{cite book|title=Rad kongresa|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=bYgLAAAAIAAJ|year=1981|page=334}}</ref> Other local names in Croatia include žveglica, šaltva, kavela, ćurlik.<ref>{{cite book|title=Danica|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=pFsoAQAAMAAJ|year=1951|publisher=Hrvatsko književno društvo sv. Ćirila i Metoda.|quote=Sviraljka s usnama »jedinka« (svirala, žveglica, šaltva, kavela, ćurlik, to su samo neka njezina lokalna imena)}}</ref> It has also been simply called "Serbian flute".<ref>{{cite book|title=Scribner's Magazine|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=zfEqAQAAMAAJ|year=1922|publisher=Charles Scribners Sons|page=269}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Charles Austin Beard|title=Toward Civilization|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=K3VCAAAAIAAJ|year=1930|publisher=Longmans, Green and Company|page=275}}</ref> |
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==Overview== |
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The frula is a small wooden flute with six holes.<ref name="Deliso2009">{{cite book|author=Christopher Deliso|title=Culture and Customs of Serbia and Montenegro|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=mbATAQAAIAAJ|year=2009|publisher=Greenwood Press|isbn=978-0-313-34436-7|page=140}}</ref> In the Balkans, the frula was played by shepherds while tending their flocks.<ref name="Deliso2009"/> It is a traditional instrument of Serbia,<ref name="ZamurovićSlani2002">{{cite book|author1=Dragoljub Zamurović|author2=Ilja Slani|author3=Madge Phillips-Tomašević|title=Serbia: life and customs|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=wXAMAQAAMAAJ|year=2002|publisher=ULUPUDS|page=188}}</ref> one of several aerophones used for leisure time, rituals, or accompanying the ''kolo'' (circle-dance), along with long flutes (''duduk'', ''cevara''), the double flute (''dvojnice''), and the bag-pipe (''[[gajde]]'').<ref name="Randel2003">{{cite book|author=Don Michael Randel|title=The Harvard Dictionary of Music|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=02rFSecPhEsC&pg=PA771|year=2003|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-01163-2|pages=771–}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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Revision as of 11:47, 8 April 2015
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The frula (pronounced [frǔla]), also known as jedinka or svirala, is a musical instrument which resembles a small recorder or flute, traditionally played in the Serbia and Croatia. It is typically made of wood and has six holes. It is an end-blown aerophone. The frula is a traditional instrument of shepherds, who would play while tending their flocks.
For a list of similar instruments, see the section below.
Names
In Croatia it is commonly known as "jedinka".[1] Other local names in Croatia include žveglica, šaltva, kavela, ćurlik.[2] It has also been simply called "Serbian flute".[3][4]
Overview
The frula is a small wooden flute with six holes.[5] In the Balkans, the frula was played by shepherds while tending their flocks.[5] It is a traditional instrument of Serbia,[6] one of several aerophones used for leisure time, rituals, or accompanying the kolo (circle-dance), along with long flutes (duduk, cevara), the double flute (dvojnice), and the bag-pipe (gajde).[7]
See also
- dvojnica, double-reed, Croatia and Serbia
- Other similar flutes
- shvi, Armenia
- dentsivka, Ukraine
- lamzdeliai, Lithuania
- floghera, Greece
- furulya, Hungary
- fujarka, Poland
- kaval, Balkans and Anatolia
- duduk, double-reed, Armenia and Turkey
References
- Traditional Serbian musical instruments
- The fluier, a similar instrument
- Rastko S. Jakovljevic, Man — Instrument — Sound: Aspects of the Development of Svirala in Serbia [1]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Frula.
- ^ Rad kongresa. 1981. p. 334.
- ^ Danica. Hrvatsko književno društvo sv. Ćirila i Metoda. 1951.
Sviraljka s usnama »jedinka« (svirala, žveglica, šaltva, kavela, ćurlik, to su samo neka njezina lokalna imena)
- ^ Scribner's Magazine. Charles Scribners Sons. 1922. p. 269.
- ^ Charles Austin Beard (1930). Toward Civilization. Longmans, Green and Company. p. 275.
- ^ a b Christopher Deliso (2009). Culture and Customs of Serbia and Montenegro. Greenwood Press. p. 140. ISBN 978-0-313-34436-7.
- ^ Dragoljub Zamurović; Ilja Slani; Madge Phillips-Tomašević (2002). Serbia: life and customs. ULUPUDS. p. 188.
- ^ Don Michael Randel (2003). The Harvard Dictionary of Music. Harvard University Press. pp. 771–. ISBN 978-0-674-01163-2.