Kashmir gray langur: Difference between revisions
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The '''Kashmir gray langur''' (''Semnopithecus ajax'') is an [[Old World monkey]], one of the species of [[langur]]s. This, like other [[gray langur]]s, is a [[leaf-eating]] monkey. It has been reported from northern [[India]] west into Pakistani [[Kashmir]]<ref name=msw3/> and in [[Nepal]], but evidence indicates it only occurs within a single valley in [[Himachal Pradesh]], India.<ref name=iucn/> |
The '''Kashmir gray langur''' (''Semnopithecus ajax'') is an [[Old World monkey]], one of the species of [[langur]]s. This, like other [[gray langur]]s, is a [[leaf-eating]] monkey. It has been reported from northern [[India]] west into Pakistani [[Kashmir]]<ref name=msw3/> and in [[Nepal]], but evidence indicates it only occurs within a single valley in [[Himachal Pradesh]], India.<ref name=iucn/> A small population is also found in Manshi Wildlife Sanctuary and Sharan forest in Kaghan Valley, KPK, Pakistan.<ref>http://www.wildlifeofpakistan.com/primates.html</ref> |
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It was formerly considered a subspecies of ''[[Semnopithecus entellus]]'' and is one of several ''[[Semnopithecus]]'' species named after characters from ''[[The Iliad]]'', along with ''[[Semnopithecus hector]]'' and ''[[Semnopithecus priam]]''.<ref>{{MSW3 Groves | pages = 174-175 | id=12100693}}</ref> |
It was formerly considered a subspecies of ''[[Semnopithecus entellus]]'' and is one of several ''[[Semnopithecus]]'' species named after characters from ''[[The Iliad]]'', along with ''[[Semnopithecus hector]]'' and ''[[Semnopithecus priam]]''.<ref>{{MSW3 Groves | pages = 174-175 | id=12100693}}</ref> |
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The [[birth]]ing season for the Kashmir gray langur runs from January through June, although almost half of all infants are born in March.<ref name=perspective>{{cite book|title=Primates in Perspective | chapter = The Asian Colobines| author = R. Craig Kirkpatrick| editor = Christina J. Campbell, [[Agustin Fuentes]], Katherine C. MacKinnon, Melissa Panger and Simon K. Bearder|year=2007|pages=191–193, 196|isbn=978-0-19-517133-4}}</ref> The infants are weaned at a higher age than most [[Asia]]n [[colobine]]s. While most Asian colobines wean their young within the first year, Kashmir gray langurs wean their young on average at 25 months.<ref name=perspective/> This is apparently due to nutritional constraints, since monkeys in poorer sites wean their young at an older age.<ref name=perspective/> The interbirth interval for females is about 2.4 years.<ref name=perspective/> |
The [[birth]]ing season for the Kashmir gray langur runs from January through June, although almost half of all infants are born in March.<ref name=perspective>{{cite book|title=Primates in Perspective | chapter = The Asian Colobines| author = R. Craig Kirkpatrick| editor = Christina J. Campbell, [[Agustin Fuentes]], Katherine C. MacKinnon, Melissa Panger and Simon K. Bearder|year=2007|pages=191–193, 196|isbn=978-0-19-517133-4}}</ref> The infants are weaned at a higher age than most [[Asia]]n [[colobine]]s. While most Asian colobines wean their young within the first year, Kashmir gray langurs wean their young on average at 25 months.<ref name=perspective/> This is apparently due to nutritional constraints, since monkeys in poorer sites wean their young at an older age.<ref name=perspective/> The interbirth interval for females is about 2.4 years.<ref name=perspective/> |
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[[Alloparental care]] occurs in Kashmir's gray langur for up to 5 months.<ref name=perspective/> Males are usually protective of infants, but [[Infanticide (zoology)|infanticide]] occasionally occurs.<ref name=perspective/> |
[[Alloparental care]] occurs in Kashmir's gray langur for up to 5 months.<ref name=perspective/> Males are usually protective of infants, but [[Infanticide (zoology)|infanticide]] occasionally occurs.<ref name=perspective/> |
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Although most Asian colobine groups contain only a single adult male and multiple females, multimale groups are known to occur within ''Semnopithecus'' species. With Kashmir's Gray Langur, multimale groups may include as many as five adult males.<ref name=perspective/> Females initiate copulation by soliciting a male, but not all solicitations result in copulation.<ref name=perspective/> |
Although most Asian colobine groups contain only a single adult male and multiple females, multimale groups are known to occur within ''Semnopithecus'' species. With Kashmir's Gray Langur, multimale groups may include as many as five adult males.<ref name=perspective/> Females initiate copulation by soliciting a male, but not all solicitations result in copulation.<ref name=perspective/> |
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{{C.Colobinae nav}} |
{{C.Colobinae nav}} |
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[[Category:Fauna of the Himalayas]] |
[[Category:Fauna of the Himalayas]] |
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[[Category:Mammals of India]] |
[[Category:Mammals of India]] |
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Revision as of 05:19, 3 September 2015
| Kashmir gray langur[1] | |
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| Scientific classification | |
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| Species: | S. ajax
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| Binomial name | |
| Semnopithecus ajax Pocock, 1928
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| Kashmir Gray Langur range | |
The Kashmir gray langur (Semnopithecus ajax) is an Old World monkey, one of the species of langurs. This, like other gray langurs, is a leaf-eating monkey. It has been reported from northern India west into Pakistani Kashmir[1] and in Nepal, but evidence indicates it only occurs within a single valley in Himachal Pradesh, India.[2] A small population is also found in Manshi Wildlife Sanctuary and Sharan forest in Kaghan Valley, KPK, Pakistan.[3]
It was formerly considered a subspecies of Semnopithecus entellus and is one of several Semnopithecus species named after characters from The Iliad, along with Semnopithecus hector and Semnopithecus priam.[4]
The Kashmir gray langur is considered to be endangered. This is due to its restricted range, fragmented population, and threats from human agriculture and development activities.[2] It is arboreal and diurnal, and lives in several types of forests at altitudes between 2200 and 4000 meters.[2]
The birthing season for the Kashmir gray langur runs from January through June, although almost half of all infants are born in March.[5] The infants are weaned at a higher age than most Asian colobines. While most Asian colobines wean their young within the first year, Kashmir gray langurs wean their young on average at 25 months.[5] This is apparently due to nutritional constraints, since monkeys in poorer sites wean their young at an older age.[5] The interbirth interval for females is about 2.4 years.[5]
Alloparental care occurs in Kashmir's gray langur for up to 5 months.[5] Males are usually protective of infants, but infanticide occasionally occurs.[5]
Although most Asian colobine groups contain only a single adult male and multiple females, multimale groups are known to occur within Semnopithecus species. With Kashmir's Gray Langur, multimale groups may include as many as five adult males.[5] Females initiate copulation by soliciting a male, but not all solicitations result in copulation.[5]
References
- ^ a b Groves, C. P. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 174. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
- ^ a b c d Template:IUCN2008
- ^ http://www.wildlifeofpakistan.com/primates.html
- ^ Groves, C. P. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 174–175. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
- ^ a b c d e f g h R. Craig Kirkpatrick (2007). "The Asian Colobines". In Christina J. Campbell, Agustin Fuentes, Katherine C. MacKinnon, Melissa Panger and Simon K. Bearder (ed.). Primates in Perspective. pp. 191–193, 196. ISBN 978-0-19-517133-4.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)