Haplogroup R-Z18: Difference between revisions
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'''Haplogroup R-Z18''' is a [[Haplogroup|haplogroup]] that includes all men who have the [[single nucleotide polymorphism]] (SNP) designated Z18 in their [[Y chromosome]]. Z18, also called S493, is defined to be mutation in which the [[nucleotide]] at position 14,991,735<ref>This position is with respect to human reference genome GRCh37/hg19 released on March 7, 2009 by the Genome Reference Consortium. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/genome/assembly/grc/human/</ref> along the Y chromosome has mutated from guanine (G) to adenine (A). Haplogroup R-Z18 includes all men who have a male-only line of descent from the first man to be conceived with the Z18 mutation. |
'''Haplogroup R-Z18''' is a [[Haplogroup|haplogroup]] that includes all men who have the [[single nucleotide polymorphism]] (SNP) designated Z18 in their [[Y chromosome]]. Z18, also called S493, is defined to be mutation in which the [[nucleotide]] at position 14,991,735<ref>This position is with respect to human reference genome GRCh37/hg19 released on March 7, 2009 by the Genome Reference Consortium. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/genome/assembly/grc/human/</ref> along the Y chromosome has mutated from [[guanine]] (G) to [[adenine]] (A). Haplogroup R-Z18 includes all men who have a male-only line of descent from the first man to be conceived with the Z18 mutation. |
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R-Z18 is a [[subclade]] of [[Haplogroup_R1b#R1b1a2a1a1a_.28R-U106.29|haplogroup R-U106]], which is one of the major haplogroups in Western Europe. Judging from the distribution of known carriers of Z18, the first carrier of Z18 likely lived in the [[North Sea]] basin in Northern Europe. On the basis of genetic test results reported by men who are positive for Z18, the first carrier of this mutation lived in about 2,187 B.C., with a 90% confidence range of 2,899 B.C. to 1,422 B.C.<ref>Based on an analysis of the SNP mutations found in 510 reconstructed partial Y chromosome sequences of known carriers of U106. Seventy-five of those Y-DNA sequences are known carriers of Z18. The analysis was performed by Dr. Iain McDonald and reported to the private R1b1c_U106-S21_Haplogroup Yahoo! Group on Nov 17, 2015. https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/R1b1c_U106-S21/info</ref> |
R-Z18 is a [[subclade]] of [[Haplogroup_R1b#R1b1a2a1a1a_.28R-U106.29|haplogroup R-U106]], which is one of the major haplogroups in Western Europe. Judging from the distribution of known carriers of Z18, the first carrier of Z18 likely lived in the [[North Sea]] basin in Northern Europe. On the basis of genetic test results reported by men who are positive for Z18, the first carrier of this mutation lived in about 2,187 B.C., with a 90% confidence range of 2,899 B.C. to 1,422 B.C.<ref>Based on an analysis of the SNP mutations found in 510 reconstructed partial Y chromosome sequences of known carriers of U106. Seventy-five of those Y-DNA sequences are known carriers of Z18. The analysis was performed by Dr. Iain McDonald and reported to the private R1b1c_U106-S21_Haplogroup Yahoo! Group on Nov 17, 2015. https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/R1b1c_U106-S21/info</ref> |
Revision as of 23:48, 17 January 2016
Haplogroup R-Z18 is a haplogroup that includes all men who have the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) designated Z18 in their Y chromosome. Z18, also called S493, is defined to be mutation in which the nucleotide at position 14,991,735[1] along the Y chromosome has mutated from guanine (G) to adenine (A). Haplogroup R-Z18 includes all men who have a male-only line of descent from the first man to be conceived with the Z18 mutation.
R-Z18 is a subclade of haplogroup R-U106, which is one of the major haplogroups in Western Europe. Judging from the distribution of known carriers of Z18, the first carrier of Z18 likely lived in the North Sea basin in Northern Europe. On the basis of genetic test results reported by men who are positive for Z18, the first carrier of this mutation lived in about 2,187 B.C., with a 90% confidence range of 2,899 B.C. to 1,422 B.C.[2]
Major known subclades of R-Z18 include R-ZP156, R-S11601, R-DF95, R-FGC7637, R-Z2396, R-S6119 and R-Z17.[3] The subclade structure of R-Z18 is changing relatively quickly as a result of growth in the popularity of genetic genealogy testing.
See also
- Atlantic Modal Haplotype
- Genealogical DNA test
- Haplogroup R1b
- Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup
- Prehistoric Europe
- Y-DNA haplogroups in European populations
References
- ^ This position is with respect to human reference genome GRCh37/hg19 released on March 7, 2009 by the Genome Reference Consortium. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/genome/assembly/grc/human/
- ^ Based on an analysis of the SNP mutations found in 510 reconstructed partial Y chromosome sequences of known carriers of U106. Seventy-five of those Y-DNA sequences are known carriers of Z18. The analysis was performed by Dr. Iain McDonald and reported to the private R1b1c_U106-S21_Haplogroup Yahoo! Group on Nov 17, 2015. https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/R1b1c_U106-S21/info
- ^ Peter Op den Velde Boots, R-Z18 A North Sea Tribe, http://l257.groenebeverbv.nl/