Pact of Olivos: Difference between revisions
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The '''Olivos Pact''' ({{lang-es|'''Pacto de Olivos'''}}) refers to a series of documents signed on November 17, 1993, between the governing [[President of Argentina|President]] of [[Argentina]], [[Carlos Menem]], and former President and leader of the opposition [[Radical Civic Union|UCR]], [[Raúl Alfonsín]], that formed the basis of the [[1994 reform of the Argentine Constitution|constitutional reform of 1994]]. These |
The '''Olivos Pact''' ({{lang-es|'''Pacto de Olivos'''}}) refers to a series of documents signed on November 17, 1993, between the governing [[President of Argentina|President]] of [[Argentina]], [[Carlos Menem]], and former President and leader of the opposition [[Radical Civic Union|UCR]], [[Raúl Alfonsín]], that formed the basis of the [[1994 reform of the Argentine Constitution|constitutional reform of 1994]]. These memorandum of understanding were signed in the official presidential residence, the [[Quinta de Olivos]]. |
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==Context== |
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⚫ | |||
[[Raúl Alfonsín]] was the president of Argentina for the [[Radical Civic Union]] (UCR) from 1983 to 1989, and resigned during an economic crisis. [[Carlos Menem]], from the [[Justicialist Party]] (PJ), was elected in 1989. The [[Convertibility plan]] ended the economic crisis and increased his popularity, allowing the PJ to win the [[Argentine legislative election, 1991|1991]] and [[Argentine legislative election, 1993|1993]] midterm elections. The presidential [[term of office]] was of six years, with no reelection. Menem sought to change that with an [[amendment]] to the [[Constitution of Argentina]]. For this he would require a [[supermajority]] of two thirds of both houses of the [[Argentine Congress]]. Although that was a feasible option at the [[Argentine Senate|Senate]], it was a remote possibility at the [[Argentine Chamber of Deputies|Chamber of Deputies]]. Menem sought creative alternatives for that, such as a [[legal technicality]] that the requirement would be two thirds of the legislators present at the Congress during the session instead of two thirds of the complete body (and thus exploit circumstances where opposing legislators may be absent).<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.telam.com.ar/notas/201311/40572-se-cumplen-20-anos-de-pacto-de-olivos-que-permitio-la-reforma-constitucional-del-94.html|title= Se cumplen 20 años del Pacto de Olivos que permitió la reforma constitucional del '94|trans_title= It's 20 years from the Pact of Olivos that allowed the contitutional amendment of the '94|language= Spanish|author= Roberto Lago|date= November 14, 2013|publisher= Telam|accessdate=November 10, 2016}}</ref> |
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==Agreed terms== |
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⚫ | In an attempt to remain in power, Menem negotiated with Alfonsín for support in calling for constitutional reform and the re-election clause. In exchange, among other points, the government would grant autonomy to the city of [[Buenos Aires]], which would have its own [[Buenos Aires City Hall|magistrature]]. |
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==Consequences== |
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In spite of opposition from different sectors, particularly within Alfonsín's own UCR, the constitutional reform took place mostly as expected by Menem and Alfonsín, with Menem winning [[Argentine general election, 1995|re-election]] as President in 1995, followed by UCR Senator [[Fernando de la Rúa]]'s election as Mayor of Buenos Aires in 1996. |
In spite of opposition from different sectors, particularly within Alfonsín's own UCR, the constitutional reform took place mostly as expected by Menem and Alfonsín, with Menem winning [[Argentine general election, 1995|re-election]] as President in 1995, followed by UCR Senator [[Fernando de la Rúa]]'s election as Mayor of Buenos Aires in 1996. |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
Revision as of 17:01, 10 November 2016
The Olivos Pact (Spanish: Pacto de Olivos) refers to a series of documents signed on November 17, 1993, between the governing President of Argentina, Carlos Menem, and former President and leader of the opposition UCR, Raúl Alfonsín, that formed the basis of the constitutional reform of 1994. These memorandum of understanding were signed in the official presidential residence, the Quinta de Olivos.
Context
Raúl Alfonsín was the president of Argentina for the Radical Civic Union (UCR) from 1983 to 1989, and resigned during an economic crisis. Carlos Menem, from the Justicialist Party (PJ), was elected in 1989. The Convertibility plan ended the economic crisis and increased his popularity, allowing the PJ to win the 1991 and 1993 midterm elections. The presidential term of office was of six years, with no reelection. Menem sought to change that with an amendment to the Constitution of Argentina. For this he would require a supermajority of two thirds of both houses of the Argentine Congress. Although that was a feasible option at the Senate, it was a remote possibility at the Chamber of Deputies. Menem sought creative alternatives for that, such as a legal technicality that the requirement would be two thirds of the legislators present at the Congress during the session instead of two thirds of the complete body (and thus exploit circumstances where opposing legislators may be absent).[1]
Agreed terms
In an attempt to remain in power, Menem negotiated with Alfonsín for support in calling for constitutional reform and the re-election clause. In exchange, among other points, the government would grant autonomy to the city of Buenos Aires, which would have its own magistrature.
Consequences
In spite of opposition from different sectors, particularly within Alfonsín's own UCR, the constitutional reform took place mostly as expected by Menem and Alfonsín, with Menem winning re-election as President in 1995, followed by UCR Senator Fernando de la Rúa's election as Mayor of Buenos Aires in 1996.
References
- ^ Roberto Lago (November 14, 2013). "Se cumplen 20 años del Pacto de Olivos que permitió la reforma constitucional del '94" (in Spanish). Telam. Retrieved November 10, 2016.
{{cite web}}
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