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|image=[[Image:Tvrđava.sisak.JPG|290px|]]
|image=[[Image:Tvrđava.sisak.JPG|290px|]]
|caption= Sisak Fortress from the south
|caption= Sisak Fortress from the south
|latitude= 45.2916
|latitude= 45.28
|longitude= 16.2227
|longitude= 16.23
|map_size= 200
|map_size= 200
|type=[[Lowland]] fortress
|type=[[Lowland]] fortress
|built=1544-1550
|built=1544-1550
|builder=Petar de Mediolanus
|builder=Petar de Mediolanus
|controlledby=[[Kaptol, Zagreb|Bishop of Zagreb]]; from 17th century: several other possessors
|controlledby=[[Kaptol, Zagreb|Bishop of Zagreb]]; from the 17th century: several other possessors
|materials=[[brick]], hewn stone ([[ashlar]])
|materials=[[brick]], hewn stone ([[ashlar]])
|height=
|height=
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|condition=partially preserved
|condition=partially preserved
|ownership=
|ownership=
|open_to_public=Town Museum
|open_to_public=Sisak Town Museum
}}
}}
The '''Sisak Fortress''' ({{lang-hr|Tvrđava Sisak of Stari grad Sisak}}) is an [[Early modern period|early modern]] [[Lowland castle|lowland]] [[fortification]] built on the [[Bank (geography)|bank]] of the [[Kupa]] River before its [[River mouth|mouth]] into the [[Sava]]. It is situated in the [[suburb]] of modern-day city of [[Sisak]], [[Sisak-Moslavina County]], central [[Croatia]].
The '''Sisak Fortress''' ({{lang-hr|Tvrđava Sisak or Stari grad Sisak}}) is an [[Early modern period|early modern]] [[Lowland castle|lowland]] [[fortification]] built on the [[Bank (geography)|bank]] of the [[Kupa]] River before its [[River mouth|mouth]] into the [[Sava]]. It is situated in the [[suburb]] of modern-day city of [[Sisak]], [[Sisak-Moslavina County]], central [[Croatia]].


It is a [[triangle]]-shaped structure, mostly made of [[brick]] and supported by stone parts. Each corner of the fortress is reinforced with a [[round tower]] covered by [[conical roof]]. Towers are connected by the more than 30 metres long thick walls with [[loophole]]s. Being on the river bank, the fortress has a natural [[Defense line|line of defense]] from the west-southwest, while the other sides are partially protected by the Sava River in the immediate vicinity, flowing southeast.
It is a [[triangle]]-shaped structure, mostly made of [[brick]] and supported by stone parts. Each corner of the fortress is reinforced with a [[round tower]] covered by [[conical roof]]. Towers are connected by the more than 30 metres long thick walls with [[loophole]]s. Being on the river bank, the fortress has a natural [[Defense line|line of defense]] from the west-southwest, while the other sides are partially protected by the Sava River in the immediate vicinity, flowing southeast.
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The fortress was built following the increasingly threatening and devastating [[Ottoman Empire|Turkish]] attacks on the [[Croatia in the union with Hungary|Kingdom of Croatia]]. The [[construction work]]s were ordered by the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zagreb|Bishop of Zagreb]], the owner of the [[Estate (land)|estate]], and lasted from 1544 until 1550. The [[master builder]] (''director muratorum'') was Petar /Pietro/ de Mediolanus from [[Milan]] and the overall construction costs were estimated at more than 3.300 [[florin]]s ([[forint]]s).
The fortress was built following the increasingly threatening and devastating [[Ottoman Empire|Turkish]] attacks on the [[Croatia in the union with Hungary|Kingdom of Croatia]]. The [[construction work]]s were ordered by the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zagreb|Bishop of Zagreb]], the owner of the [[Estate (land)|estate]], and lasted from 1544 until 1550. The [[master builder]] (''director muratorum'') was Petar /Pietro/ de Mediolanus from [[Milan]] and the overall construction costs were estimated at more than 3.300 [[florin]]s ([[forint]]s).


Having become [[Pasha of Bosnia|Bosnian pasha]] in 1591, [[Hasan Pasha Predojević]] launched a few attacks on Sisak. During his last [[Military campaign|campaign]] in June 1593, his army of around 12.000 soldiers suffered on 22th June 1593 a heavy defeat against the defending joint [[Military history of Croatia|Croato]]-[[History of Slovenia|Slovene]]-[[History of Austria|Austrian]] forces and he himself lost his life. This [[Battle of Sisak|battle]] was a turning point, which meant interruption of further Ottoman conquest.
Having become [[Pasha of Bosnia|Bosnian pasha]] in 1591, [[Hasan Pasha Predojević]] launched a few attacks on Sisak. During his last [[Military campaign|campaign]] in June 1593, his army of around 12.000 [[Military of the Ottoman Empire|Ottoman soldiers]] suffered on 22th June 1593 a heavy defeat against the defending joint [[Military history of Croatia|Croato]]-[[History of Slovenia|Slovene]]-[[History of Austria|Austrian]] forces and he himself lost his life. This [[Battle of Sisak|battle]] was a turning point, which meant interruption of further Ottoman conquest.


After slackening of Ottoman pressure on Croatian lands in the 17th century, the fortress changed its [[owner]]s for a couple of times, being sometimes damaged, but immediately [[repair]]ed. The last major damage occurred during the [[World War II|Second World War]], as the fortification was hit by [[Shell (projectile)|shells]] and the northwest tower was partially destroyed.
After slackening of Ottoman pressure on Croatian lands in the 17th century, the fortress changed its [[owner]]s for a couple of times, being sometimes damaged, but immediately [[repair]]ed. The last major damage occurred during the [[World War II|Second World War]], as the fortification was hit by [[Shell (projectile)|shells]] and the northwest tower was partially destroyed.

Revision as of 22:11, 11 February 2017

Sisak Fortress
Sisak, Sisak-Moslavina County,
Croatia
Sisak Fortress from the south
TypLowland fortress
Site information
Controlled byBishop of Zagreb; from the 17th century: several other possessors
Open to
the public		Sisak Town Museum
Conditionpartially preserved
Site history
Built1544-1550
Built byPetar de Mediolanus
Materialsbrick, hewn stone (ashlar)

The Sisak Fortress (Croatian: Tvrđava Sisak or Stari grad Sisak) is an early modern lowland fortification built on the bank of the Kupa River before its mouth into the Sava. It is situated in the suburb of modern-day city of Sisak, Sisak-Moslavina County, central Croatia.

It is a triangle-shaped structure, mostly made of brick and supported by stone parts. Each corner of the fortress is reinforced with a round tower covered by conical roof. Towers are connected by the more than 30 metres long thick walls with loopholes. Being on the river bank, the fortress has a natural line of defense from the west-southwest, while the other sides are partially protected by the Sava River in the immediate vicinity, flowing southeast.

In its history, the Sisak Fortress was damaged several times and subsequently subjected to renovations. Generally, although it needs a renewal today, it is in good condition. It houses the local town museum.

History

The fortress was built following the increasingly threatening and devastating Turkish attacks on the Kingdom of Croatia. The construction works were ordered by the Bishop of Zagreb, the owner of the estate, and lasted from 1544 until 1550. The master builder (director muratorum) was Petar /Pietro/ de Mediolanus from Milan and the overall construction costs were estimated at more than 3.300 florins (forints).

Having become Bosnian pasha in 1591, Hasan Pasha Predojević launched a few attacks on Sisak. During his last campaign in June 1593, his army of around 12.000 Ottoman soldiers suffered on 22th June 1593 a heavy defeat against the defending joint Croato-Slovene-Austrian forces and he himself lost his life. This battle was a turning point, which meant interruption of further Ottoman conquest.

After slackening of Ottoman pressure on Croatian lands in the 17th century, the fortress changed its owners for a couple of times, being sometimes damaged, but immediately repaired. The last major damage occurred during the Second World War, as the fortification was hit by shells and the northwest tower was partially destroyed.

Present-day fortress houses some collections of the Sisak Town Museum (established in 1951), which include holdings of archaeology, ethnology, cultural history and numismatics.

  • Walls of brick
    Walls of brick
  • Inner court
    Inner court
  • Fortress surrounded by trees
    Fortress surrounded by trees

See also

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