Peter Sainthill (MP for Tiverton): Difference between revisions
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Recorder of his native town")</ref><ref>[[Recorder of Tiverton]] per[https://books.google.com/books?id=dajPAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA580&lpg=PA580&dq=%22Peter+Sainthill%22+Tiverton&source=bl&ots=_TAtjYVmkM&sig=-h1Y0pLv46dikDqUMmTs8M6KrvI&hl=en&ei=KwEETYPUCM6YhQeDyJTvBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBIQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Peter%20Sainthill%22%20Tiverton&f=false The Gentleman's magazine, Volume 138 By John Nichols]</ref> an ancient [[borough]] the [[manor]] of which was ''[[caput]]'' of the [[feudal barony of Bradninch]] long held by the [[Duke of Cornwall|Dukes of Cornwall]], eldest sons and [[heir apparent|heirs apparent]] to the ruling monarch. |
Recorder of his native town")</ref><ref>[[Recorder of Tiverton]] per[https://books.google.com/books?id=dajPAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA580&lpg=PA580&dq=%22Peter+Sainthill%22+Tiverton&source=bl&ots=_TAtjYVmkM&sig=-h1Y0pLv46dikDqUMmTs8M6KrvI&hl=en&ei=KwEETYPUCM6YhQeDyJTvBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBIQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Peter%20Sainthill%22%20Tiverton&f=false The Gentleman's magazine, Volume 138 By John Nichols]</ref> an ancient [[borough]] the [[manor]] of which was ''[[caput]]'' of the [[feudal barony of Bradninch]] long held by the [[Duke of Cornwall|Dukes of Cornwall]], eldest sons and [[heir apparent|heirs apparent]] to the ruling monarch. |
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===Civil War=== |
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In April 1640 Sainthill was elected a [[Member of Parliament]] for [[Tiverton (UK Parliament constituency)|Tiverton]] in the [[Short Parliament]]. He was re-elected in November 1640 for the [[Long Parliament]] but supported the king and was thus disabled from sitting in January 1644.<ref>{{Cite Notitia Parliamentaria|converted=1|part=2|pages=229–239}}</ref> |
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At the start of the Civil War he was one of the 118 Members of Parliament who sat in the [[Parliament of Oxford]], convened by the king in January 1643, and was one of the signatories of the letter to the Earl of Essex on the 27 January 1643. In consequence, the Parliament in their propositions for Peace addressed to the king on 23 November 1644, required that Peter Sainthill, (among others) be removed from Court, and from the King's Councils, be rendered incapable of ever holding office, and that a third of the value of his estates be employed for the payment of the public debt.<ref>Gentleman's Magazine, July 1825, p.580, ''Bradninch and its Antiquities''[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Z_hfAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA580&lpg=PA580&dq=King+Charles+I+bradninch&source=bl&ots=hudt5-zB0U&sig=F0nqm0OYykwnFFbUdDNe-iY2p_M&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjtm-3xid7TAhXrAcAKHZD7BKAQ6AEIQTAG#v=onepage&q=King%20Charles%20I%20bradninch&f=false]</ref> |
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Sainthill was Captain of his local Trained Band<ref>Gentleman's Magazine, July 1825, p.580</ref> raised in and around Bradninch, one of many raised by the king's [[Commission of array|Commissioners of Array]] in Devonshire. |
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In the early summer 1644 the king was in Devonshire, and marched from Plymouth north-eastwards towards [[Tiverton]], himself attended only by his own troop, having ordered the principal officers of the court to go to Exeter in the east, with the royal army to follow him by slow marches, and to be quartered at Tiverton and other towns adjacent.<ref>Clarendon, vol. II. p. 539, quoted in Gentleman's Magazine, July 1825, p.580</ref> The king arrived at Bradninch, where he was a guest of Sainthill at Bradninch House for one day and night on 27 July 1644. It was on this occasion that Sainthill is supposed to have loaned the king money for the war effort,<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1fwRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA618&lpg=PA618&dq=%22Peter+Sainthill%22&source=bl&ots=r3pLow7QtH&sig=oKvfYLUyCpRbvOmTtXIe0BjlfyM&hl=en&ei=bP8DTdDCA4K2hAfNtZjuBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CBgQ6AEwAjgK#v=onepage&q=%22Peter%20Sainthill%22&f=false The Gentleman's Magazine Volume 90]</ref> and that in acknowledgement of such the king inscribed his initials on a wooden door in the house. The royal army duly arrived in the area in September and was quartered in and around Bradninch on 17 September 1644.<ref>[[Daniel Lysons|Lysons, Daniel]] & [[Samuel Lysons|Lysons, Samuel]], Magna Britannia, Vol.6, ''Devonshire'', London, 1822, quoted in Gentleman's Magazine, July 1825, p.580</ref> |
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Sainthill was appointed as one of the "Commissioners for managing the King's affairs in the West", and is mentioned by [[Clarendon]]<ref>Clarendon, vol. II. p. 639</ref> as one of the Commissioners who met the Prince of Wales at [[Bridgewater]] in Somerset on 23 April 1645, "to consult on the best steps to be taken for the King's service".<ref>Quoted in Gentleman's Magazine, July 1825, p.580</ref> |
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⚫ | Following the downturn in the fortunes of the Royalists, Sainthill fled the Parliamentarian army, which led by General [[Thomas Fairfax|Fairfax]] had set up quarters at Bradninch on 16 October 1645.<ref>[[Daniel Lysons|Lysons, Daniel]] & [[Samuel Lysons|Lysons, Samuel]], Magna Britannia, Vol.6, ''Devonshire'', London, 1822</ref> In the early autumn of 1645 Sainthill sought refuge with his wife and children in the walled [[City of Exeter]], 9 miles south-west of Bradninch. Following the surrender of Exeter to the Parliamentarian forces on 9 April 1646, he received a pass from Fairfax, which allowed him to leave with "freedom from molestation for himself, with his servants, horses, arms, and necessaries",<ref>Worthies of Blundell's, p.21</ref> and he set off for exile in Italy. In early in May 1646 he arrived in [[Livorno|Leghorn]] in Tuscany to stay with his younger brother Robert Sainthill (d.post-1665)<ref>Vivian, p.663</ref> a merchant, who was agent for [[Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany|Ferdinando II de Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=P6dJAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA500&lpg=PA500&dq=%22Peter+Sainthill%22&source=bl&ots=1AN4U22xWM&sig=uSLAtXhFZurmW_bo89w8FB8E-9g&hl=en&ei=bP8DTdDCA4K2hAfNtZjuBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CCIQ6AEwBTgK#v=onepage&q=%22Peter%20Sainthill%22&f=false ''The gentleman's magazine, and historical chronicle, Volume 95, Part 2'']</ref> However, shortly after his arrival he died from an illness on 12 August 1648, aged 54. |
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==Marriage & progeny== |
==Marriage & progeny== |
Revision as of 16:12, 7 May 2017
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/SainthillArms.png/220px-SainthillArms.png)
Peter Sainthill (8 July 1593 – 12 August 1648) of Bradninch in Devon, England, was twice elected a Member of Parliament for Tiverton in Devon, in the Short Parliament 1640 and in the Long Parliament in November 1640. He was a strong supporter of the Royalist side in the Civil War. He was "a man of culture and unaffected simplicity of character, (who) represents the Cavalier cause at its best".[2] He was the subject of a lengthy Puritan verse satire, known as Peter's Banquet or The Cavalier in the Dumps, written circa 1645.
Origins
Sainthill was born on 8 July 1593 at Bradninch, the son of Peter II Sainthill (1561-1618) of Bradninch House[3] (eldest son and heir of Peter I Sainthill (c.1524-1571) of Bradninch, MP) by his wife Elizabeth Martin (d.1613), a daughter of Thomas Martin (1520/1–1592/3) of Steeple Morden in Cambridgeshire,[4] Doctor of Civil Law and Member of Parliament. The Sainthill family originated at the manor of Saint Hill,[5] Devon, 6 miles north-east of Bradninch.
Career
He was educated at the Free Grammar School (now Blundell's School) at Tiverton, 6 miles south-east of Bradninch, founded by the will of the wealthy clothier Peter Blundell (c.1520-1601). As one of the earliest pupils of that school his biography is included in the Worthies of Blundell's by M.L. Banks (1904).[6] He served in the honourable office of Recorder of Bradninch,[7][8] an ancient borough the manor of which was caput of the feudal barony of Bradninch long held by the Dukes of Cornwall, eldest sons and heirs apparent to the ruling monarch.
Civil War
In April 1640 Sainthill was elected a Member of Parliament for Tiverton in the Short Parliament. He was re-elected in November 1640 for the Long Parliament but supported the king and was thus disabled from sitting in January 1644.[9] At the start of the Civil War he was one of the 118 Members of Parliament who sat in the Parliament of Oxford, convened by the king in January 1643, and was one of the signatories of the letter to the Earl of Essex on the 27 January 1643. In consequence, the Parliament in their propositions for Peace addressed to the king on 23 November 1644, required that Peter Sainthill, (among others) be removed from Court, and from the King's Councils, be rendered incapable of ever holding office, and that a third of the value of his estates be employed for the payment of the public debt.[10]
Sainthill was Captain of his local Trained Band[11] raised in and around Bradninch, one of many raised by the king's Commissioners of Array in Devonshire.
In the early summer 1644 the king was in Devonshire, and marched from Plymouth north-eastwards towards Tiverton, himself attended only by his own troop, having ordered the principal officers of the court to go to Exeter in the east, with the royal army to follow him by slow marches, and to be quartered at Tiverton and other towns adjacent.[12] The king arrived at Bradninch, where he was a guest of Sainthill at Bradninch House for one day and night on 27 July 1644. It was on this occasion that Sainthill is supposed to have loaned the king money for the war effort,[13] and that in acknowledgement of such the king inscribed his initials on a wooden door in the house. The royal army duly arrived in the area in September and was quartered in and around Bradninch on 17 September 1644.[14]
Sainthill was appointed as one of the "Commissioners for managing the King's affairs in the West", and is mentioned by Clarendon[15] as one of the Commissioners who met the Prince of Wales at Bridgewater in Somerset on 23 April 1645, "to consult on the best steps to be taken for the King's service".[16]
Following the downturn in the fortunes of the Royalists, Sainthill fled the Parliamentarian army, which led by General Fairfax had set up quarters at Bradninch on 16 October 1645.[17] In the early autumn of 1645 Sainthill sought refuge with his wife and children in the walled City of Exeter, 9 miles south-west of Bradninch. Following the surrender of Exeter to the Parliamentarian forces on 9 April 1646, he received a pass from Fairfax, which allowed him to leave with "freedom from molestation for himself, with his servants, horses, arms, and necessaries",[18] and he set off for exile in Italy. In early in May 1646 he arrived in Leghorn in Tuscany to stay with his younger brother Robert Sainthill (d.post-1665)[19] a merchant, who was agent for Ferdinando II de Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany.[20] However, shortly after his arrival he died from an illness on 12 August 1648, aged 54.
Marriage & progeny
At Bradninch on 12 May 1614 Sainthill married Dorothy Parker, daughter and heiress of Robert Parker of Zeal Monachorum in Devon,[21] by his wife Mary. His progeny included:
- Peter IV Sainthill (born 1618), eldest son and heir apparent, died in infancy.[22]
- Samuel Sainthill (1626-1708), 2nd[23] and eldest surviving son and heir, who recovered much of his father's property sequestrated during the Civil War.[24] He died unmarried and had been expected to appoint as his heir his nearest male relative John Sainthill (1676-1730[25]) of Topsham, Devon, the son of his third cousin. However, "having given some offence, the old Squire made a more natural choice"[26] and left his estates instead to his nephew, Edward Yarde (1637-1732), of Tresbeare (son of his sister Dorothea Sainthill), who adopted the surname of Sainthill by Act of Parliament, and being a bachelor of 71, married, and died in 1732, aged 95, leaving one son Edward Sainthill, whose daughter and heiress Elizabeth Sainthill (1764-1843) married Rear Admiral Thomas Pearse (d.1830),[27] and left a son George Pearse (1799-1861), the representative of the Sainthills of Bradninch and Yardes of Treasbeare.[28] George Pearse was a solicitor and married Raby Hewitt, daughter of William Kellett Hewitt of St Elizabeth, Jamaica.[29] He founded the "George Pearse's Educational Foundation"[30]
Monument at Bradninch
His "very neat and tasteful"[31] mural monument survives in St Disen's Church, Bradninch, on the north wall of the chancel. It consists of two elliptical tablets of black marble, set in a carved frame of white Italian marble, surmounted by the Sainthill arms and crest. The right tablet is inscribed as follows:[32][33]
- "To the memory of Peter Sainthill, esq. well knowne in this place fur his piety, charity, and justice, Sonne of Peter Sainthill, esq. and grandsonne of Peter Sainthill, esq. all inhabitants of this ancient Burrough (the 2 last lying in a vault under the Communion-table in this chancel), who having served King Charles I in honourable charges, both civil and military, according to the obligation of his oath; to reserve himself for more successfull service to his King and country, in the yeare 1646 withdrew into Italy to his brother Robert Sainthill, esq. then agent with the greate Duke of Tuscany from King Charles I, where having spent the remainder of his life in the exercise of virtue and devotion, and lamenting the miseries a civil warre had brought upon his country, he resigned his spirit to God who gave it, in the yeare of Grace 1648, and the 54th yeare of his age."
The left tablet is inscribed:
- "Samuel Sainthill, his Sonne and heir, both of his fidelity to his Prince and estate, though impaired and lessened by his father's loyalty, dedicates this marble, and desires the memory of the reader for the piety of the act, which he caused to be done in the yeare of Grace 1679. Caetera memorent posteri. The above-mentioned Samuel Sainthill, esq. who erected this monument, lies also buried under the Communion-table of this Church. He departed this life the 14th of November, 1708, in the 83d year of his age"
Satirical Puritan verse
(See full text on Wikisource s:Peter's Banquet, or, The Cavalier in the Dumps)
He was the subject of a lengthy Puritan verse satire, known as Peter's Banquet or The Cavalier in the Dumps, written circa 1645, which includes the following lines:[34][35]
- Now when the king was in the West,
- And not a little in distress,
- He honoured Peter with a call
- By night, incog., but that 's not all,
- He wanted money for to spend
- In waging war, that was the end,
- And he knew those that had to lend.
- To make the pledge more firm and sure,
- Etched his sign manual on the door.
And:
- In Peter's great and lofty hall,
- Seated in order for to dine,
- Swig cyder, beer, and meady wine.
Further reading
- Sainthill, Ammabel, History of the Sainthill Family, London, 1938. (The author was Ammabel Wilson (d.1949), a daughter of Sir Spencer Maryon Wilson, 10th Baronet, and wife of Lt. Col. Collis George Herbert St. Hill (1865-1917), Royal North Devon Hussars, a grandson of Henry Charles St Hill, lord of the manor of Bradninch[36]).
- Croslegh, Rev. Charles, Bradninch: Being a Short Historical Sketch of the Honor, the Manor, the Borough and Liberties and the Parish, Sainthill of Bradninch, London, 1911
- Sainthill, Richard, An Olla Podrida: or, Scraps, Numismatic, Antiquarian, and Literary, London, 1844, pp.292-339, Biographical Memoir of Captain Richard Sainthill, RN, of Topsham[9].
References
- ^ Sainthill, Richard, An Olla Podrida: or, Scraps, Numismatic, Antiquarian, and Literary, London, 1844, p.297, Biographical Memoir of Captain Richard Sainthill, RN, of Topsham, p. 297[1]; Vivian, Lt.Col. J.L., (Ed.) The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620, Exeter, 1895, p.663; Pole, Sir William (d.1635), Collections Towards a Description of the County of Devon, Sir John-William de la Pole (ed.), London, 1791, p.501
- ^ Worthies of Blundell's, p.21
- ^ the Peerage.com
- ^ Vivian, Lt.Col. J.L., (Ed.) The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620, Exeter, 1895, p.663, pedigree of Sainthill
- ^ Vivian, p.663
- ^ Banks, Morris Lawden, Worthies of Blundell's, London & Exeter, 1904, pp.14-22, Peter Sainthill[2]
- ^ As stated in Peter's Banquet ("He was a man of wit profound; Recorder of his native town")
- ^ Recorder of Tiverton perThe Gentleman's magazine, Volume 138 By John Nichols
- ^ Willis, Browne (1750). Notitia Parliamentaria, Part II: A Series or Lists of the Representatives in the several Parliaments held from the Reformation 1541, to the Restoration 1660 ... London. pp. 229–239.
- ^ Gentleman's Magazine, July 1825, p.580, Bradninch and its Antiquities[3]
- ^ Gentleman's Magazine, July 1825, p.580
- ^ Clarendon, vol. II. p. 539, quoted in Gentleman's Magazine, July 1825, p.580
- ^ The Gentleman's Magazine Volume 90
- ^ Lysons, Daniel & Lysons, Samuel, Magna Britannia, Vol.6, Devonshire, London, 1822, quoted in Gentleman's Magazine, July 1825, p.580
- ^ Clarendon, vol. II. p. 639
- ^ Quoted in Gentleman's Magazine, July 1825, p.580
- ^ Lysons, Daniel & Lysons, Samuel, Magna Britannia, Vol.6, Devonshire, London, 1822
- ^ Worthies of Blundell's, p.21
- ^ Vivian, p.663
- ^ The gentleman's magazine, and historical chronicle, Volume 95, Part 2
- ^ Vivian, p.663
- ^ Vivian, p.663
- ^ Vivian, p.663
- ^ Worthies of Blundell's, p.21
- ^ Vivian, p.663
- ^ Gentleman's Magazine, December 1825, p.500
- ^ Vivian, p.663
- ^ Gentleman's Magazine, December 1825, p.500
- ^ Legacies of British Slave-ownership,UCL
- ^ Legacies of British Slave-ownership,UCL [4]
- ^ Gentleman's Magazine, December 1825, Vol.XCV, p.500
- ^ Gentleman's Magazine, December 1825, Vol.XCV, p.500[5]
- ^ Full transcript in Sainthill, Richard, Olla Podrida, pp.294-5[6]
- ^ Worthies of Blundell's, p.21
- ^ Quoted in full in Sainthill, Richard, Olla Podrida, pp.300-306[7]
- ^ De Ruvigny's Roll of Honour 1914-1918 Volume 4, Page 176[8]