Joyce Weisbecker

Joyce Weisbecker (born 1958) is an American retired engineer and actuary. She became the first female video game designer by creating several games for the RCA Studio II console in 1976 – some two years before Carol Shaw's work for Atari – and considers herself the first indie video game developer, given that she did her work as an independent contractor for RCA.

Life and career

Weisbecker was born in New Jersey as the daughter of Joseph Weisbecker, an engineer with RCA who constructed computers in his spare time. Joyce Weisbecker took to programming her father's prototypes.

While a student at Rider University, she took up her father's invitation to program games for RCA. As demonstration projects, she developed two games for the RCA COSMAC VIP: Snake Race and Jackpot. The games were included in the machine's manual as assembly code, which users had to enter manually. Weisbecker's first commercial game was TV Schoolhouse I, a quiz game for the RCA II that she programmed in a week in August 1976, and was paid $290 for. In October of 1976, she developed Speedway and Tag, two action games. Her main challenge was to get the Studio II's very low-resolution, 64 by 32 pixel display to display any meaningful graphics; in the racing game Speedway, the cars were plain rectangles.

The Studio II console was a commercial failure and ended production in 1978. Weisbecker programmed three more games for the COSMAC VIP in 1977 – Slide, Sum Fun, and Sequence Shoot – before deciding to focus on her education instead on continuing to work in the then minuscule video game business. She graduated with degrees in computer engineering and actuarial science in 1980 and worked for a time as an actuary. In 1998, she obtained degrees in electrical engineering and computer science, and then worked as a radar signal processing engineer.