Cichlinae: Difference between revisions
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The '''Cichlinae''' are a subfamily of fishes in the [[Cichlidae|cichlid family]], native to [[South America]]. |
The '''Cichlinae''' are a subfamily of fishes in the [[Cichlidae|cichlid family]], native to [[South America]]. |
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This subfamily consists of approximately 117 described species as of July 2017.<ref>http://www.fishbase.org</ref> Some authors have suggested that the Cichlinae encompasses all of the Neotropical Cichlids and found the taxon to ne [[Monophyly|monphyletic]] and to be divided into seven [[Tribe (biology)|tribes]]: [[Astronotini]], [[Chaetobranchini]], [[Cichlasomatini]], [[Cichlini]], [[Geophagini]], [[Heroini]], and [[Retroculini]]. In this system the Geophaginae plus the Chaetobranchini were recovered as the [[sister taxon]] to the clade consisting of the Heroini plus the Cichlatsomatini, these latter two being referred to as the subfamily [[Cichlatsomatinae]] in some classifications while the [[Monotypy|monogeneric]] Astronotini was a sister taxon to these four, while the Cichlini and Retroculini made up a sister clade of the other five.<ref name = Smith>{{cite journal | author1 = Wm. Leo Smith | author2 = Prosanta Chakrabarty | author3 = John S. Sparks | year=2008 | title = Phylogeny, taxonomy, and evolution of Neotropical cichlids (Teleostei: Cichlidae: Cichlinae) | url = |
This subfamily consists of approximately 117 described species as of July 2017.<ref>http://www.fishbase.org</ref> Some authors have suggested that the Cichlinae encompasses all of the Neotropical Cichlids and found the taxon to ne [[Monophyly|monphyletic]] and to be divided into seven [[Tribe (biology)|tribes]]: [[Astronotini]], [[Chaetobranchini]], [[Cichlasomatini]], [[Cichlini]], [[Geophagini]], [[Heroini]], and [[Retroculini]]. In this system the Geophaginae plus the Chaetobranchini were recovered as the [[sister taxon]] to the clade consisting of the Heroini plus the Cichlatsomatini, these latter two being referred to as the subfamily [[Cichlatsomatinae]] in some classifications while the [[Monotypy|monogeneric]] Astronotini was a sister taxon to these four, while the Cichlini and Retroculini made up a sister clade of the other five.<ref name = Smith>{{cite journal | author1 = Wm. Leo Smith | author2 = Prosanta Chakrabarty | author3 = John S. Sparks | year=2008 | title = Phylogeny, taxonomy, and evolution of Neotropical cichlids (Teleostei: Cichlidae: Cichlinae) | url = http://static1.squarespace.com/static/54a3679de4b0d88dbda40971/t/54a3aa48e4b01142025f09fc/1420012104511/20_SmithetalCichlinae.pdf | journal = Cladistics | volume = 24 | issue = 5 | pages = 624-641}}</ref> |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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Revision as of 20:11, 14 November 2018
| Cichlinae | |
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| Two extremes from the subfamily: The very large Cichla monoculus above and the tiny Teleocichla cinderella below | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cichliformes |
| Family: | Cichlidae |
| Subfamily: | Cichlinae Bonaparte 1835[1] |
| Tribes | |
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see text | |
The Cichlinae are a subfamily of fishes in the cichlid family, native to South America.
This subfamily consists of approximately 117 described species as of July 2017.[2] Some authors have suggested that the Cichlinae encompasses all of the Neotropical Cichlids and found the taxon to ne monphyletic and to be divided into seven tribes: Astronotini, Chaetobranchini, Cichlasomatini, Cichlini, Geophagini, Heroini, and Retroculini. In this system the Geophaginae plus the Chaetobranchini were recovered as the sister taxon to the clade consisting of the Heroini plus the Cichlatsomatini, these latter two being referred to as the subfamily Cichlatsomatinae in some classifications while the monogeneric Astronotini was a sister taxon to these four, while the Cichlini and Retroculini made up a sister clade of the other five.[3]
Description
They are predatory and relatively elongated in shape. Of the three genera in the subfamily, some species of Cichla reach almost 1 m (3.3 ft) in length, making them by far the largest cichlids of South America, and among the largest cichlids anywhere. In contrast, Teleocichla species are among the smallest cichlids of South America, and most species only reach around 6 cm (2.4 in) in length. The genus Crenicichla is one of the most speciose of South American genera, with more than 120 recognized species.
Tribes
The following tribes make up the subfamily Cichlinae:[3]
See also
References
- ^ Van der Laan, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Fricke, R. (11 November 2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa Monograph. 3882: 1–230. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1.
- ^ http://www.fishbase.org
- ^ a b Wm. Leo Smith; Prosanta Chakrabarty; John S. Sparks (2008). "Phylogeny, taxonomy, and evolution of Neotropical cichlids (Teleostei: Cichlidae: Cichlinae)" (PDF). Cladistics. 24 (5): 624–641.
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