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Dampa Tiger Reserve: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 23°34′N 92°22′E / 23.567°N 92.367°E / 23.567; 92.367
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==Fauna==
==Fauna==
Dampa Tiger Reserve is the natural home of [[leopard]]s, [[Malayan sun bear]], [[Indian bison]], [[barking deer]], [[sloth bear]], [[gibbons]], [[langurs]], [[slow loris]], [[rhesus macaque]], [[Indian Python]](Python Molurus Molurus), [[wild boar]] and a variety of birds.<ref>{{cite web| author=Visit North East|title=Dampa Tiger Reserve| url=http://www.visitnortheast.com/dampa-tiger-reserve.php |publisher=visitnortheast.com |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref> Unfortunately its namesake tiger has disappeared almost entirely, the enumeration indicated only 4 individuals in 1994, when it was pronounced as a tiger reserve. None were seen again. However, Aaranyak, a society for biodiversity conservation at [[Guwahati]], and [[World Wide Fund for Nature|WWF]] India analysed [[stool sample|faecal sample]] in March 2012 using [[DNA fingerprinting]], and announced the genetic evidence of tiger presence in the reserve. The result showed that out of 27 scats collected, 9 were of tiger origin and work is continued to find out the number of individual tigers.<ref>{{cite news|title=Big cat hope rises in Dampa reserve|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1120426/jsp/northeast/story_15417935.jsp#.UDHwfKO4KuI|accessdate=20 August 2012|newspaper=Telegraph India|location=Calcutta, India|date=26 April 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| author=|title=Tiger presence in Mizoram forest area confirmed |date=25 April 2012 | url=http://www.rediff.com/news/report/tiger-presence-in-mizoram-forest-area-confirmed/20120425.htm |publisher=rediff.com |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref> Dampa Tiger Reserve has one of the highest [[clouded leopard]] populations in South and South East Asia<ref>{{cite web |last1=Raman |first1=S. |title=In clouded leopard country |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/In-clouded-leopard-country/article15429382.ece |website=The Hindu |accessdate=16 January 2019}}</ref> No tiger was recorded in Dampa Tiger Reserve in the years 2018–2019 .<ref name=Jhala2019>{{cite book |editor=Jhala, Y. V. |editor2=Qureshi, Q. |editor3=Nayak, A. K. |year=2019 |title=Status of tigers, co-predators and prey in India 2018. Summary Report. TR No./2019/05 |publisher=National Tiger Conservation Authority & Wildlife Institute of India |location=New Delhi, Dehradun |url=}}</ref> However, the [[National Tiger Conservation Authority]] recommended that tigers from Assam’s [[Kaziranga National Park]] be introduced to Dampa Tiger Reserve.<ref>{{cite web |title=Re-populating tiger reserves |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/re-populating-tiger-reserves/story-ZiwUtTuvtGO8dhZIMjgpHN.html |website=Hindustan Times |accessdate=7 August 2019}}</ref>
Dampa Tiger Reserve hosts [[Indian leopard]], [[Malayan sun bear]], [[Indian bison]], [[barking deer]], [[sloth bear]], [[gibbons]], [[langurs]], [[slow loris]], [[Rhesus macaque]], [[Indian Python]], [[wild boar]] and a diversity of birds.<ref>{{cite web| author=Visit North East|title=Dampa Tiger Reserve |url=http://www.visitnortheast.com/dampa-tiger-reserve.php |publisher=visitnortheast.com |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref> Dampa Tiger Reserve has one of the highest [[clouded leopard]] populations in South and South East Asia<ref>{{cite web |last1=Raman |first1=S. |title=In clouded leopard country |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/In-clouded-leopard-country/article15429382.ece |website=The Hindu |accessdate=16 January 2019}}</ref>

Iin 1994, only four tigers were recorded. In 2012, tiger presence was confirmed through [[stool sample|Scat sample]]s.<ref>{{cite news|title=Big cat hope rises in Dampa reserve |date=2012 |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1120426/jsp/northeast/story_15417935.jsp#.UDHwfKO4KuI |accessdate=20 August 2012 |newspaper=Telegraph India|location=Calcutta, India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| author=|title=Tiger presence in Mizoram forest area confirmed |date=2012 | url=http://www.rediff.com/news/report/tiger-presence-in-mizoram-forest-area-confirmed/20120425.htm |publisher=rediff.com |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref> No tiger was recorded in Dampa Tiger Reserve in the years 2018–2019.<ref name=Jhala2019>{{cite book |editor=Jhala, Y. V. |editor2=Qureshi, Q. |editor3=Nayak, A. K. |year=2019 |title=Status of tigers, co-predators and prey in India 2018. Summary Report. TR No./2019/05 |publisher=National Tiger Conservation Authority & Wildlife Institute of India |location=New Delhi, Dehradun |url=}}</ref> However, the [[National Tiger Conservation Authority]] recommended that tigers from Assam’s [[Kaziranga National Park]] be introduced to Dampa Tiger Reserve.<ref>{{cite web |title=Re-populating tiger reserves |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/re-populating-tiger-reserves/story-ZiwUtTuvtGO8dhZIMjgpHN.html |website=Hindustan Times |accessdate=7 August 2019}}</ref>


==Threat==
==Threat==

Revision as of 07:06, 8 August 2019

Dampa Tiger Reserve
Dampa Tiger Reserve Forest
Location of Dampa Tiger Reserve
Location of Dampa Tiger Reserve
Dampa Tiger Reserve
Location of Dampa Tiger Reserve
Location of Dampa Tiger Reserve
Dampa Tiger Reserve (India)
StandortMizoram, India
Nearest cityAizawl
Coordinates23°34′N 92°22′E / 23.567°N 92.367°E / 23.567; 92.367
Area550 square kilometres (210 sq mi)
Established1985
VisitorsNA
Governing bodyMinistry of Environment and Forests, Government of India

Dampa Tiger Reserve or Dampha Tiger Reserve, the largest[1] wildlife sanctuary in Mizoram, India was notified in 1985 and declared a Tiger Reserve in 1994. It is situated in the western part of Mizoram state, at the international border with Bangladesh about 127 km from Aizawl.[2] It covers an area of approximately 550 km².[3] The tropical forests of Dampa are home to rich flora and fauna. It consists of forest interpolated with steep precipitous hills, deep valleys, jungle streams, ripping rivulets, natural salts licks, with an altitudinal zone of 200 m to 800 m. Dampa Tiger Reserve is not easily accessible unlike other park where you can ride on a four wheeler but one has to walk through the forest if one wishes to sight animals.[4] Dampa Tiger Reserve is a part of Project Tiger funded by the Government of India.[5]

Etymology

Dampa Tiger Reserve consists of Dampa hills, Pathlawi Lunglen hill, Chhawrpial Hills and many others. It is called Dampa because a long time back there used to be a village called Dampa where a lot of the womenfolk died, hence a lot of lonely bachelors were left behind, hence the name "Dam pa" or "lonely Men".[6]

Administration

Jurisdiction is under two ranges, namely Teirei Range leh Phuldungsei Range. Workers consist of a field director who is headquartered in W. Phaileng. There are also about five foresters and 10 regular forest guards.

Flora

Rare floral species have been found in Dampa Tiger Reserve including rare ginger species Globba spathulata and Hemiorchis pantlingii.[7]

Fauna

Dampa Tiger Reserve hosts Indian leopard, Malayan sun bear, Indian bison, barking deer, sloth bear, gibbons, langurs, slow loris, Rhesus macaque, Indian Python, wild boar and a diversity of birds.[8] Dampa Tiger Reserve has one of the highest clouded leopard populations in South and South East Asia[9]

Iin 1994, only four tigers were recorded. In 2012, tiger presence was confirmed through Scat samples.[10][11] No tiger was recorded in Dampa Tiger Reserve in the years 2018–2019.[12] However, the National Tiger Conservation Authority recommended that tigers from Assam’s Kaziranga National Park be introduced to Dampa Tiger Reserve.[13]

Threat

It has been reported that there has been an increase in built up (590%), bamboo forest (192.89%) and scrub (74.67%) areas. These increases are simultaneously accompanied by decrease in cover area of evergreen/semi evergreen closed forests from 152.47 km2 in 1978 to 95.27 km2 in 2005. This could be due to the practice of shifting cultivation by villagers at the border of the reserve.[14] A 62-km fence and patrol road along the Bangladesh boundary near the reserve in Mizoram is hindering the free movement of Tigers at Dampa[15].[16] Oil palm and Teak plantations which occupy areas close to the Dampa Tiger Reserve are also reducing habitat of birds and animals and could pose a bigger threat to wildlife than shifting cultivation[17]. There have also been reported cases of poaching by different groups including local hunters and insurgent groups like Shanti Bahini and the National Liberation Front of Tripura.[18][19]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Dampa Wildlife". Mizoram Tourism. Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 20 August 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ "Dampa Wildlife Sanctuary, Mizoram: Biggest wildlife sanctuary". The Northeast Today. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  3. ^ "Mizoram Tourism - Dampa Tiger Reserve". Archived from the original on 7 September 2011. Retrieved 26 June 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ "Dampa: caught in the midst of all". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  5. ^ "Tiger Reserve Guide". Project Tiger. Archived from the original on 12 January 2012. Retrieved 20 August 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ B. Ramdinliana. "Dampa Tiger Reserve hi". Vanglaini. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
  7. ^ "Dancing girl dims Dampa tiger". Telegraph India. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  8. ^ Visit North East. "Dampa Tiger Reserve". visitnortheast.com. Retrieved 24 June 2013.
  9. ^ Raman, S. "In clouded leopard country". The Hindu. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  10. ^ "Big cat hope rises in Dampa reserve". Telegraph India. Calcutta, India. 2012. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
  11. ^ "Tiger presence in Mizoram forest area confirmed". rediff.com. 2012. Retrieved 24 June 2013.
  12. ^ Jhala, Y. V.; Qureshi, Q.; Nayak, A. K., eds. (2019). Status of tigers, co-predators and prey in India 2018. Summary Report. TR No./2019/05. New Delhi, Dehradun: National Tiger Conservation Authority & Wildlife Institute of India.
  13. ^ "Re-populating tiger reserves". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
  14. ^ Devi HS, Hmingthanpuii, Sarma KK (2011). "Change in vegetation cover of Dampa Tiger Reserve, Mizoram, North East India: A serious threat to tiger population". Journal of Experimental Sciences. 2 (9): 1–6. Retrieved 25 June 2013.
  15. ^ "Tiger number dips at Dampa". Telegraph India. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  16. ^ Goswami, Roopak (11 May 2011). "Nod to border fence near tiger reserve". Telegraph India. Calcutta, India. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
  17. ^ "Mizoram's push for oil palm plantations might end up hurting the diversity it wants to save". Scroll. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  18. ^ Banerjee, A. "Life in an anti-poaching camp". Livemint. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  19. ^ Rajshekhar, M. "In a tiger reserve in Mizoram, camera traps are taking pictures of gunmen". Scroll. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  • Report of Dampa
  • Raman T. R. S.; Rawat G. S.; Johnsingh A. J. T. (1998). "Recovery of tropical rainforest avifauna in relation to vegetation succession following shifting cultivation in Mizoram, northeast India". Journal of Applied Ecology. 35 (2): 214–231. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2664.1998.00297.x.
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