Sambhudhan Phonglo: Difference between revisions

Sambhudhan Phonglo
Sambhudhan Phonglo
Born	16 February 1850; Longkhor, Assam, British India
Died	12 February 1883 (aged 32); Cachar district, India
Cause of death	Killed by British Regime
Nationality	Indian
Known for	Armed resistance against the British Raj

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Sambhudhan Phonglo was born in 1850 in the tiny village of Longkhor, near the ancient goddess Ranachandi of the Dimasa Kachari Kings at Maibang in the North Cachar Hills (presently the Dima Hasao District). His father was Deprondao Phonglo and mother Khasaidi, who had five sons Sambhudhan, Umakant, Ramakant, Ramcharan (alias Ramren) and Haisholong. Of them, Sambhudhan was the eldest and Haisholong was the youngest. Though the exact date of his birth was not known, Sambhudhan was stated to have born at dawn on the Falgoon Purnima of Indian almanac. He spent his childhood at Longkhor, later moving over to Gonjung. Afterwards, he moved to Saupra, a small village near Nanadisa. Restless, he left this place for Semdikhor, near Mahur. While staying in this village, he was married to Nasadi. The village Dihur Phonglo, which existed on the bank of the river of Mahur (Dihur) was named after Sambhudhan Phonglo. A tank known as Sambhudhan-ni-dikhor, meaning Sambhudhan's tank, also existed on the bank of Motinala which had been dug out by Sambhudhan and therefore named after him. Sambhudhan was very tall, handsome, and well made. His eyes were black and ears a bit large in size, His complexion was fair.

In 1832, the British annexed Southern Cachar, and later Northern Cachar in 1854 on the death of Tula Ram. But the British acted very treacherously after the annexation of the territory. They did not tag the Northern Cachar with South Cachar, but unscrupulously annexed the territory to the district of Nagaon. The territory was then placed under the charge of a Junior Political Officer with headquarters at Asalu. Subsequently, in 1866, this territory had been sliced away and distributed among the neighboring district of Nagaon and Naga Hills. Thus, while parts of the Diyung Valley and the Kopili Valley had been given to the district of Nowgong, a large portion was joined with the newly created district of Naga Hills. The rest formed the territory of the North Cachar Hills comprising exclusively the hilly region. Sambhudhan Phonglo was not happy with the divide and rule policy of the British, which was intended to weaken the native people. He could not console his mind that the Whites should rule the non-whites. He pondered over the matter and took the view that if the native people were going to lose freedom, then shouldn't they help the foreign power in consolidating its position. To lose freedom was to embrace slavery. It would not be worthwhile for them to live under the aliens as slaves, as hardships could be endured, but not slavery.

Sambhudhan decided to rebel, observing that though the British had annexed the territory, they were yet to conquer the heart of the native people. He therefore considered that everything was not already lost, and resolved to prepare for a last-ditch battle. Sambhudhan toured extensively in the North Cachar Hills for mass contact and organization. He, therefore, succeeded in inspiring the villagers to raise their voice against the British. He was able to recruit a large number of youths to form revolutionary force. From among his followers, he selected two- Man Singh and Molongthong, appointing Man Singh as Principal Adviser and Molongthong a Subordinate Commander under him. When he found that he had succeeded in enrolling a sufficient number of youths, he decided to impart them training in batches at a selected place. The Mahur Valley where his village Semdikhor situated was not an inconvenient place for establishment of his training center. But a devotee of Shiva, Sambhudhan preferred Maibang. Villagers came forward voluntarily and rendered their services to the training center. While at Mahur, the recruited youths were living scattered here and there in their own villages. But after his establishment at Maibang, they were brought to the training center in batches-each batch consisting of thirty to forty for training at a time.

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-'''Sambhudhan Phonglo''' was born in 1850 in the tiny village of Longkhor, near the ancient goddess Ranachandi of the [[Dimasa people|Dimasa Kachari]] Kings at [[Maibang]] in the North Cachar Hills (present [[Dima Hasao district|Dima Hasao District]]). His father was Deprondao Phonglo and mother Khasaidi, who had five sons Sambhudhan, Umakant, Ramakant, Ramcharan alias Ramren and Haisholong. Of them, Sambhudhan was the eldest and Haisholong, the youngest. Though the exact date of his birth was not known. Sambhudhan was stated to have born at dawn on the Falgoon Purnima of Indian almanac. He spent his childhood at Longkhor. He then moved over to Gonjung. Thence, he moved to Saupra a small village near Nanadisa. He was restless. He left this place also and shifted over to Semdikhor, near Mahur. While staying in this village, he was married to Nasadi. The village Dihur Phonglo, which existed on the bank of the river of Mahur (Dihur) was named after Sambhudhan Phonglo. A tank known as Sambhudhan-ni-dikhor, meaning Sambhudhan's tank also existed on the bank of Motinala which had been dug out by Sambhudhan and therefore named after his name. Sambhudhan was very tall, handsome and well made. His eyes were black and ears a bit large in size, His complexion was fair.
+'''Sambhudhan Phonglo''' was born in 1850 in the tiny village of Longkhor, near the ancient goddess Ranachandi of the [[Dimasa people|Dimasa Kachari]] Kings at [[Maibang]] in the North Cachar Hills (presently the [[Dima Hasao district|Dima Hasao District]]). His father was Deprondao Phonglo and mother Khasaidi, who had five sons Sambhudhan, Umakant, Ramakant, Ramcharan (alias Ramren) and Haisholong. Of them, Sambhudhan was the eldest and Haisholong was the youngest. Though the exact date of his birth was not known, Sambhudhan was stated to have born at dawn on the Falgoon Purnima of Indian almanac. He spent his childhood at Longkhor, later moving over to Gonjung. Afterwards, he moved to Saupra, a small village near Nanadisa. Restless, he left this place for Semdikhor, near [[Mahur, Assam|Mahur]]. While staying in this village, he was married to Nasadi. The village Dihur Phonglo, which existed on the bank of the river of Mahur ([[Dhur (river)|Dihur]]) was named after Sambhudhan Phonglo. A tank known as Sambhudhan-ni-dikhor, meaning Sambhudhan's tank, also existed on the bank of Motinala which had been dug out by Sambhudhan and therefore named after him. Sambhudhan was very tall, handsome, and well made. His eyes were black and ears a bit large in size, His complexion was fair.
-In 1832, the British annexed Southern Cachar and the Northern Cachar was annexed by the British in 1854 on the death of Tula Ram. But the British acted very treacherously after the annexation of the territory. They did not tag the Northern Cachar with South Cachar, but unscrupulously annexed the territory to the district of NAGAON. The territory was then placed under the charge of a Junior Political Officer with headquarters at Asalu. Subsequently, in 1866, this territory had been sliced away and distributed among the neighboring district of NAGAON and Naga Hills. Thus, while parts of the Diyung Valley and the Kopili Valley had been given to the district of Nowgong, a large portion was joined with the newly created district of Naga Hills. The rest formed the territory of the North Cachar Hills comprising exclusively the hilly region. Sambhudhan Phonglo was not happy with the divide and rule policy of the British, which was intended to weaken the native people. He could not console his mind that the Whites should rule the non-whites. He pondered over the matter and took the view that if the native people were going to lose freedom, why should they help the foreign power to consolidate its position? To lose freedom was to embrace slavery. Would it be worth-while for them to live under the aliens as slaves? Hardships could be endured but not slavery.
+In 1832, the British annexed Southern Cachar, and later Northern Cachar in 1854 on the death of Tula Ram. But the British acted very treacherously after the annexation of the territory. They did not tag the Northern Cachar with South Cachar, but unscrupulously annexed the territory to the district of [[Nagaon]]. The territory was then placed under the charge of a Junior Political Officer with headquarters at Asalu. Subsequently, in 1866, this territory had been sliced away and distributed among the neighboring district of Nagaon and Naga Hills. Thus, while parts of the Diyung Valley and the Kopili Valley had been given to the district of Nowgong, a large portion was joined with the newly created district of Naga Hills. The rest formed the territory of the North Cachar Hills comprising exclusively the hilly region. Sambhudhan Phonglo was not happy with the divide and rule policy of the British, which was intended to weaken the native people. He could not console his mind that the Whites should rule the non-whites. He pondered over the matter and took the view that if the native people were going to lose freedom, then shouldn't they help the foreign power in consolidating its position. To lose freedom was to embrace slavery. It would not be worthwhile for them to live under the aliens as slaves, as hardships could be endured, but not slavery.
-Sambhudhan therefore decided to go rebellious. He observed that though the British had annexed the territory, they were yet to conquer the heart of the native people. He therefore considered that everything was not already lost. He resolved to prepare for a last-ditch battle. Sambhudhan toured extensively in the North Cachar Hills for mass contact and organization. He, therefore, succeeded in inspiring the villagers to raise their voice against the British. He was able to recruit a large number of youths to form revolutionary force. From among his followers, he selected two- Man Singh and Molongthong and appointed Man Singh as Principal Adviser and Molongthong a Subordinate Commander under him. When he found that he had succeeded in enrolling a sufficient number of youths, he decided to impart them training in batches at a selected place. The Mahur Valley where his village Semdikhor situated was not an inconvenient place for establishment of his training center. But a devotee of Siva, Sambhudhan preferred Maibang. Villagers came forward voluntarily and rendered their services to the training center. While at Mahur, the recruited youths were living scattered here and there in their own villages. But after his establishment at Maibang, they were brought to the training center in batches-each batch consisting of thirty to forty for training at a time.
+Sambhudhan decided to rebel, observing that though the British had annexed the territory, they were yet to conquer the heart of the native people. He therefore considered that everything was not already lost, and resolved to prepare for a last-ditch battle. Sambhudhan toured extensively in the North Cachar Hills for mass contact and organization. He, therefore, succeeded in inspiring the villagers to raise their voice against the British. He was able to recruit a large number of youths to form revolutionary force. From among his followers, he selected two- Man Singh and Molongthong, appointing Man Singh as Principal Adviser and Molongthong a Subordinate Commander under him. When he found that he had succeeded in enrolling a sufficient number of youths, he decided to impart them training in batches at a selected place. The Mahur Valley where his village Semdikhor situated was not an inconvenient place for establishment of his training center. But a devotee of [[Shiva]], Sambhudhan preferred Maibang. Villagers came forward voluntarily and rendered their services to the training center. While at Mahur, the recruited youths were living scattered here and there in their own villages. But after his establishment at Maibang, they were brought to the training center in batches-each batch consisting of thirty to forty for training at a time.
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