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Coordinates: 47°30′N 19°6′E / 47.500°N 19.100°E / 47.500; 19.100
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==History==
==History==
[[File:Flag of Pest (pre-1873).svg|left|thumb|Flag of Pest before 1873.<ref name="symbols">{{cite book|last=|first=|editor-first=András|editor-last=Nyerges|title=Pest-Buda, Budapest szimbólumai|trans-title=Budapest arms & colours: throughout the centuries|year=1998|publisher=Budapest Főváros Levéltára|location=Budapest|page=2}}</ref>]]
[[File:Flag of Pest (pre-1873).svg|left|thumb|Flag of Pest before 1873<ref name="symbols">{{cite book|last=|first=|editor-first=András|editor-last=Nyerges|title=Pest-Buda, Budapest szimbólumai|trans-title=Budapest arms & colours: throughout the centuries|year=1998|publisher=Budapest Főváros Levéltára|location=Budapest|page=2}}</ref>]]
[[File:Pest város címere 1703.JPG|right|thumb|150px|Historical coat of arms of Pest, used between 1703-1873.<ref name="symbols" />]]
[[File:Pest város címere 1703.JPG|right|thumb|150px|Historical coat of arms of Pest, used between 1703-1873.<ref name="symbols" />]]


On the territory of future Pest there have been [[Celt]]ic and [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] settlements.
On the territory of Pest there have been [[Celt]]ic and [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] settlements.


During the Middle Ages, Pest was an independent [[city]] separate from Buda/Ofen, that became an important economic center during 11th–13th centuries. The first written mention dates back to 1148.
During the Middle Ages, Pest was an independent [[city]] separate from Buda/Ofen, which became an important economic center during the 11th–13th centuries. The first written mention dates back to 1148.


Pest was destroyed in 1241 [[First Mongol invasion of Hungary|Mongol invasion of Hungary]], but was rebuilt soon thereafter.
Pest was destroyed in 1241 [[First Mongol invasion of Hungary|Mongol invasion of Hungary]], but was rebuilt soon thereafter.


Demographically, in the 15th century Pest was mostly Hungarian, while Buda across the Danube had a German-majority popularion.<ref name=Pallas>{{cite web |url= http://www.mek.iif.hu/porta/szint/egyeb/lexikon/pallas/html/016/pc001672.html#9 |title= Budapest |work= A Pallas Nagy Lexikona |language= Hungarian |access-date= 2009-11-03}}</ref>
Demographically, in the 15th century Pest was mostly Hungarian, while Buda across the Danube had a German-majority population.<ref name=Pallas>{{cite web |url= http://www.mek.iif.hu/porta/szint/egyeb/lexikon/pallas/html/016/pc001672.html#9 |title= Budapest |work= A Pallas Nagy Lexikona |language= Hungarian |access-date= 2009-11-03}}</ref>


In 1838 Pest was flooded by the [[Danube]]; parts of the city were under as much as eight feet of water, and the flood destroyed or seriously damaged three-fourths of the city’s buildings.<ref name="The Once and Future Budapest">{{cite book|last1=Nemes|first1=Robert|title=The Once and Future Budapest |date=2005|publisher=Northern Illinois University Press|location=DeKalb, Ill.|isbn=0-87580-337-7|page=[https://archive.org/details/oncefuturebudape0000neme/page/107 107]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/oncefuturebudape0000neme/page/107}}</ref> In 1849 the first suspension bridge, the [[Széchenyi Chain Bridge]], was constructed across the Danube connecting Pest with [[Buda]]. Subsequently, in 1873, the two cities were unified with [[Óbuda]] to become [[Budapest]].
In 1838 Pest was flooded by the [[Danube]]; parts of the city were under as much as eight feet of water, and the flood destroyed or seriously damaged three-fourths of the city’s buildings.<ref name="The Once and Future Budapest">{{cite book|last1=Nemes|first1=Robert|title=The Once and Future Budapest |date=2005|publisher=Northern Illinois University Press|location=DeKalb, Ill.|isbn=0-87580-337-7|page=[https://archive.org/details/oncefuturebudape0000neme/page/107 107]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/oncefuturebudape0000neme/page/107}}</ref> In 1849 the first suspension bridge, the [[Széchenyi Chain Bridge]], was constructed across the Danube connecting Pest with [[Buda]]. Subsequently, in 1873, the two cities were unified with [[Óbuda]] to become [[Budapest]].
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==Notable people==
==Notable people==
{{main|List of people from Budapest}}
{{main|List of people from Budapest}}
*[[László Teleki]] (1811-1861), writer, statesman and magician
*[[László Teleki]] (1811–1861), writer, statesman and magician
*[[Henrik Weber]] (1818-1866), painter
*[[Henrik Weber]] (1818–1866), painter
*[[Theodor Herzl]] (1860-1904), founder of the political Zionist movement
*[[Theodor Herzl]] (1860–1904), founder of the political Zionist movement
*[[Harry Houdini]] (1874-1926), illusionist, escape acts performer
*[[Harry Houdini]] (1874–1926), illusionist, escape acts performer


==Climate==
==Climate==

Revision as of 18:33, 26 July 2020

Buda and Pest connected by Széchenyi Chain Bridge.
View of the riverfront of Pest.

Pest (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈpɛʃt]) is the eastern, mostly flat part of Budapest, Hungary, comprising about two thirds of the city's territory. It is separated from Buda and Óbuda, the western parts of Budapest, by the Danube River. Among its most notable sights are the Inner City, the Hungarian Parliament Building, Heroes' Square and Andrássy Avenue. In colloquial Hungarian, "Pest" is often used for the whole capital of Budapest. The three parts of Budapest (Pest, Buda, Óbuda) united in 1873.

Etymology

According to Ptolemy the settlement was called Pession in ancient times (Contra-Aquincum).[citation needed] Alternatively, the name Pest may have come from a Slavic word meaning "furnace", "oven" (Bulgarian пещ ['pɛʃt]; Serbian пећ/peć; Croatian "peć"), related to the word пещера (meaning "cave"), probably with reference to a local cave where fire burned.[1] The spelling Pesth was occasionally used in English, even as late as the early 20th century,[2] although it is now considered archaic.

History

Flag of Pest before 1873[3]
Historical coat of arms of Pest, used between 1703-1873.[3]

On the territory of Pest there have been Celtic and Roman settlements.

During the Middle Ages, Pest was an independent city separate from Buda/Ofen, which became an important economic center during the 11th–13th centuries. The first written mention dates back to 1148.

Pest was destroyed in 1241 Mongol invasion of Hungary, but was rebuilt soon thereafter.

Demographically, in the 15th century Pest was mostly Hungarian, while Buda across the Danube had a German-majority population.[4]

In 1838 Pest was flooded by the Danube; parts of the city were under as much as eight feet of water, and the flood destroyed or seriously damaged three-fourths of the city’s buildings.[5] In 1849 the first suspension bridge, the Széchenyi Chain Bridge, was constructed across the Danube connecting Pest with Buda. Subsequently, in 1873, the two cities were unified with Óbuda to become Budapest.

Notable people

Main article: List of people from Budapest

Climate

Pest
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
40
 
 
−1
−7
 
 
28
 
 
0
−6
 
 
29
 
 
5
−2
 
 
26
 
 
11
4
 
 
62
 
 
18
10
 
 
73
 
 
24
15
 
 
73
 
 
26
18
 
 
89
 
 
25
17
 
 
67
 
 
21
13
 
 
52
 
 
14
7
 
 
60
 
 
7
2
 
 
51
 
 
2
−4
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm
Imperial conversion
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
1.6
 
 
30
19
 
 
1.1
 
 
32
21
 
 
1.1
 
 
41
28
 
 
1
 
 
52
39
 
 
2.4
 
 
64
50
 
 
2.9
 
 
75
59
 
 
2.9
 
 
79
64
 
 
3.5
 
 
77
63
 
 
2.6
 
 
70
55
 
 
2
 
 
57
45
 
 
2.4
 
 
45
36
 
 
2
 
 
36
25
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches

See also

References

  1. ^ Adrian Room (2006). Placenames of the World. McFarland & Company. p. 70. ISBN 0-7864-2248-3.
  2. ^ Pesth
  3. ^ a b Nyerges, András, ed. (1998). Pest-Buda, Budapest szimbólumai [Budapest arms & colours: throughout the centuries]. Budapest: Budapest Főváros Levéltára. p. 2.
  4. ^ "Budapest". A Pallas Nagy Lexikona (in Hungarian). Retrieved 2009-11-03.
  5. ^ Nemes, Robert (2005). The Once and Future Budapest. DeKalb, Ill.: Northern Illinois University Press. p. 107. ISBN 0-87580-337-7.

Further reading

  • Beksics, Gusztáv: Magyarosodás és magyarositás. Különös tekintettel városainkra. Budapest, 1883

External links

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Pest.

47°30′N 19°6′E / 47.500°N 19.100°E / 47.500; 19.100

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pest (Hungary).
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