General Electric GE38: Difference between revisions
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→Design and development: Noted the planned T407 testing on a P-3 Orion in summer 1990, pre-empted by Lockheed's defaulting on the P-7 project. →References: Added 7/1990 Air Force magazine article and 7/21/1990 LA Times newspaper article. Also removed the column spec. |
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The GE27 was developed in the early 1980s under the "Modern Technology Demonstrator Engines" (MTDE) program sponsored by the [[United States Army]] [[Aviation Applied Technology Directorate]].<ref name="Leyes"/> Sporting a 22:1 pressure ratio, which was a record for single-spool [[compressor]]s at the time, the GE27<ref name="Zoccoli1992"/> was GE's unsuccessful submission to power the [[Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey]] [[tiltrotor]] aircraft.<ref name="Leyes"/> |
The GE27 was developed in the early 1980s under the "Modern Technology Demonstrator Engines" (MTDE) program sponsored by the [[United States Army]] [[Aviation Applied Technology Directorate]].<ref name="Leyes"/> Sporting a 22:1 pressure ratio, which was a record for single-spool [[compressor]]s at the time, the GE27<ref name="Zoccoli1992"/> was GE's unsuccessful submission to power the [[Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey]] [[tiltrotor]] aircraft.<ref name="Leyes"/> |
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In the late 1980s, GE used the GE27 as the basis for the commercial development of [[turboshafts]], [[turboprops]], [[turbofans]], and [[propfan]]s under the GE38 name. GE formed a 50/50 venture with [[Garrett AiResearch|Garrett]] (then a division of [[AlliedSignal]]) to develop the turbofan variant<ref name="ATW198609Battles">{{cite magazine |title=Manufacturers positioning for coming competitive battles |work=Air Transport World |publication-date=September 1986 |issn=0002-2543 |volume=23 |pages=20+ |via=[[Gale Research]]}}</ref> called the [[CFE Company|CFE]] (Commercial Fan Engines) [[CFE738]], which used the GE27's gas generator core.<ref name="Leyes"/> One of a range of advertised GE38 [[unducted fan]] (UDF) sizes,<ref name="ATW198609Battles"/> the {{cvt|9,620|lbf|kgf kN|adj=mid}} takeoff thrust GE38-B5 was for a time the baseline engine for the West German-Chinese [[MPC-75]] regional airliner.<ref name="MPC75Report1987"/> The GE38 became the ''T407'' military turboprop in partnership with [[Lycoming Engines]] for the [[Lockheed P-7]]A, with a maximum takeoff power of 6,000 shp (4,475 kW). The P-7 |
In the late 1980s, GE used the GE27 as the basis for the commercial development of [[turboshafts]], [[turboprops]], [[turbofans]], and [[propfan]]s under the GE38 name. GE formed a 50/50 venture with [[Garrett AiResearch|Garrett]] (then a division of [[AlliedSignal]]) to develop the turbofan variant<ref name="ATW198609Battles">{{cite magazine |title=Manufacturers positioning for coming competitive battles |work=Air Transport World |publication-date=September 1986 |issn=0002-2543 |volume=23 |pages=20+ |via=[[Gale Research]]}}</ref> called the [[CFE Company|CFE]] (Commercial Fan Engines) [[CFE738]], which used the GE27's gas generator core.<ref name="Leyes"/> One of a range of advertised GE38 [[unducted fan]] (UDF) sizes,<ref name="ATW198609Battles"/> the {{cvt|9,620|lbf|kgf kN|adj=mid}} takeoff thrust GE38-B5 was for a time the baseline engine for the West German-Chinese [[MPC-75]] regional airliner.<ref name="MPC75Report1987"/> The GE38 became the ''T407'' military turboprop in partnership with [[Lycoming Engines]] for the [[Lockheed P-7]]A, with a maximum takeoff power of 6,000 shp (4,475 kW). The T407 engine was scheduled to fly on a [[Lockheed P-3 Orion]] [[testbed aircraft]] in the summer of 1990,<ref name="AFM199007">{{cite magazine |issn=0730-6784 |magazine=[[Air Force Magazine]] |title=Gallery of US Navy, Marine Corps, and Army aircraft |url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/osu.32435027300748?urlappend=%3Bseq=738 |given1=Kenneth |surname1=Munson |given2=Paul |surname2=Jackson |given3=Bill |surname3=Gunston |publication-date=July 1990 |page=90 |hdl=2027/osu.32435027300748 |volume=73 |number=7}}</ref> but the US Navy canceled Lockheed's P-7 contract on July 20, 1990.<ref name="LATimes1990">{{cite newspaper |issn=0458-3035 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |title=Navy cancels $600-million Lockheed plane contract |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-07-21-mn-144-story.html |publication-date=July 21, 1990 |given=Ralph |surname=Vartabedian |url-status=live |archive-date=October 29, 2020 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20201029061122/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-07-21-mn-144-story.html}}</ref> The commercial version of the T407 was the ''GLC38'' (General Electric/Lycoming Commercial 38), which was unsuccessfully offered for several turboprop airliners in the late 1980s and early 1990s.<ref name="Leyes"/> |
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The new ''T408'' (''GE38-1B'') is slated to power the new [[Sikorsky CH-53K King Stallion]] three-engined helicopter for the US Marine Corps. It has a power rating of 7,500 shp.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20151224112343/http://www.geaviation.com/press/military/military_20070124.html "GE Launches New Engine Program for U.S. Marine Corps Heavy-lift Helicopter"]. GE Aviation, January 24, 2007.</ref> The GE38 completed its first round of ground testing in May 2010.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101211085533/http://geae.com/aboutgeae/presscenter/military/military_20100506.html "GE38 Completes First Engine to Test Program"]. GE Aviation, May 6, 2010.</ref> Two test engines have completed over 1,000 hours of ground testing by November 2011. Five test engines will be used in the 5,000-hour test program.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110808161113/http://www.geae.com/aboutgeae/presscenter/military/military_20110118.html "GE38 Looking to Take to the Sea"]. GE Aviation, January 18, 2011.</ref> GE also offered the engine to power the U.S. Navy's [[Ship-to-Shore Connector]] [[air-cushioned landing craft]]. |
The new ''T408'' (''GE38-1B'') is slated to power the new [[Sikorsky CH-53K King Stallion]] three-engined helicopter for the US Marine Corps. It has a power rating of 7,500 shp.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20151224112343/http://www.geaviation.com/press/military/military_20070124.html "GE Launches New Engine Program for U.S. Marine Corps Heavy-lift Helicopter"]. GE Aviation, January 24, 2007.</ref> The GE38 completed its first round of ground testing in May 2010.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101211085533/http://geae.com/aboutgeae/presscenter/military/military_20100506.html "GE38 Completes First Engine to Test Program"]. GE Aviation, May 6, 2010.</ref> Two test engines have completed over 1,000 hours of ground testing by November 2011. Five test engines will be used in the 5,000-hour test program.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110808161113/http://www.geae.com/aboutgeae/presscenter/military/military_20110118.html "GE38 Looking to Take to the Sea"]. GE Aviation, January 18, 2011.</ref> GE also offered the engine to power the U.S. Navy's [[Ship-to-Shore Connector]] [[air-cushioned landing craft]]. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist |
{{reflist|refs= |
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<ref name="Zoccoli1992">{{cite conference |conference=International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition |date=June 1–4, 1992 |location=Cologne, Germany |given1=Michael J. |surname1=Zoccoli |given2=Kenneth P. |surname2=Rusterholz |title=An update on the development of the T407/GLC38 modern technology gas turbine engine |url=https://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/GT/proceedings-pdf/GT1992/78941/V002T02A006/2401731/v002t02a006-92-gt-147.pdf |publisher=[[American Society of Mechanical Engineers]] (ASME) |oclc=8518815331 |doi=10.1115/92-GT-147}}</ref> |
<ref name="Zoccoli1992">{{cite conference |conference=International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition |date=June 1–4, 1992 |location=Cologne, Germany |given1=Michael J. |surname1=Zoccoli |given2=Kenneth P. |surname2=Rusterholz |title=An update on the development of the T407/GLC38 modern technology gas turbine engine |url=https://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/GT/proceedings-pdf/GT1992/78941/V002T02A006/2401731/v002t02a006-92-gt-147.pdf |publisher=[[American Society of Mechanical Engineers]] (ASME) |oclc=8518815331 |doi=10.1115/92-GT-147}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Leyes">{{cite book |surname1=Leyes II |given1=Richard A. |given2=William A. |surname2=Fleming |title= The History of North American Small Gas Turbine Aircraft Engines |publisher= Smithsonian Institution |location= Washington, DC |year= 1999 |chapter= |isbn= 1-56347-332-1 |url={{GBurl|V0SnFt8JGokC|p=frontcover}} |pages=[{{GBurl|V0SnFt8JGokC|p=365}} 365]–[{{GBurl|V0SnFt8JGokC|p=372}} 372]}}</ref> |
<ref name="Leyes">{{cite book |surname1=Leyes II |given1=Richard A. |given2=William A. |surname2=Fleming |title= The History of North American Small Gas Turbine Aircraft Engines |publisher= Smithsonian Institution |location= Washington, DC |year= 1999 |chapter= |isbn= 1-56347-332-1 |url={{GBurl|V0SnFt8JGokC|p=frontcover}} |pages=[{{GBurl|V0SnFt8JGokC|p=365}} 365]–[{{GBurl|V0SnFt8JGokC|p=372}} 372]}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 06:29, 29 October 2020
| GE38 / T408 | |
|---|---|
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| The T408 on a CH-53K King Stallion | |
| Typ | Turboshaft |
| National origin | Vereinigte Staaten |
| Manufacturer | GE Aviation |
| First run | 1980s |
| Major applications | Sikorsky CH-53K King Stallion (T408) |
| Developed into | CFE CFE738 |
The General Electric GE38 is a gas turbine developed by GE Aviation for turboprop and turboshaft applications. It powers the Sikorsky CH-53K King Stallion as the T408.[1]
Design and development
The GE27 was developed in the early 1980s under the "Modern Technology Demonstrator Engines" (MTDE) program sponsored by the United States Army Aviation Applied Technology Directorate.[2] Sporting a 22:1 pressure ratio, which was a record for single-spool compressors at the time, the GE27[3] was GE's unsuccessful submission to power the Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey tiltrotor aircraft.[2]
In the late 1980s, GE used the GE27 as the basis for the commercial development of turboshafts, turboprops, turbofans, and propfans under the GE38 name. GE formed a 50/50 venture with Garrett (then a division of AlliedSignal) to develop the turbofan variant[4] called the CFE (Commercial Fan Engines) CFE738, which used the GE27's gas generator core.[2] One of a range of advertised GE38 unducted fan (UDF) sizes,[4] the 9,620 lbf (4,360 kgf; 42.8 kN) takeoff thrust GE38-B5 was for a time the baseline engine for the West German-Chinese MPC-75 regional airliner.[5] The GE38 became the T407 military turboprop in partnership with Lycoming Engines for the Lockheed P-7A, with a maximum takeoff power of 6,000 shp (4,475 kW). The T407 engine was scheduled to fly on a Lockheed P-3 Orion testbed aircraft in the summer of 1990,[6] but the US Navy canceled Lockheed's P-7 contract on July 20, 1990.[7] The commercial version of the T407 was the GLC38 (General Electric/Lycoming Commercial 38), which was unsuccessfully offered for several turboprop airliners in the late 1980s and early 1990s.[2]
The new T408 (GE38-1B) is slated to power the new Sikorsky CH-53K King Stallion three-engined helicopter for the US Marine Corps. It has a power rating of 7,500 shp.[8] The GE38 completed its first round of ground testing in May 2010.[9] Two test engines have completed over 1,000 hours of ground testing by November 2011. Five test engines will be used in the 5,000-hour test program.[10] GE also offered the engine to power the U.S. Navy's Ship-to-Shore Connector air-cushioned landing craft.
Variants and applications
- T407-GE-400
- T408-GE-400 (GE38-1B)
- Boeing NCH-47D Chinook (flying testbed)[11]
- Sikorsky CH-53K
- CFE CFE738
- Turbofan variant of the T407-GE-400, used on the Dassault Falcon
- CPX38
- Proposed turboprop engine variant of the GE38-1B[12]
- GE38-B5
- A contra-rotating, ungeared, unducted fan (UDF) derivative with a bare engine weight (including the UDF) of 2,395 lb (1,086 kg), a UDF diameter of 83 in (2.1 m), and a blade count of 11 on one propeller and 9 on the other; provides a takeoff thrust of 9,644 lbf (4,374 kgf; 42.90 kN) with a thrust-specific fuel consumption (TSFC) of 0.240 lb/(lbf⋅h) (6.8 g/(kN⋅s)), and a cruise thrust of 2,190 lbf (990 kgf; 9.7 kN) with a TSFC of 0.519 lb/(lbf⋅h) (14.7 g/(kN⋅s)); proposed for the MPC 75 German-Chinese regional airliner in the late 1980s[5]
- GLC38
- Proposed turboprop variant of the T407-GE-400
Specifications (T408)
 |
This aircraft engine article is missing some (or all) of its specifications. If you have a source, you can help Wikipedia by adding them. |
Data from GE Aviation[13]
General characteristics
- Type: Turboprop / Turboshaft
- Length: 57.5 inches (1.46 m) (79.5 in with Torque Tube[citation needed])
- Diameter: 27 inches (0.69 m)
- Dry weight: 1,104.7 pounds (501.1 kg)
Components
- Compressor: 5+1 Axi-Centrifugal Compressor (5 Axial stages and 1 Centrifugal stage)
- Turbine: a 3-Stage Power Turbine, a 2-Stage-Single Crystal Cooled HP Turbine
- Oil system: synthetic
Performance
- Maximum power output: 7,500 shaft horsepower (5,600 kW)
- Overall pressure ratio: 18.6:1 OPR
- Power-to-weight ratio: 6.8 shp/lb (11.2 kW/kg)
See also
Related development
Comparable engines
Related lists
References
- ^ Sikorsky Unveils CH-53K Helicopter; U.S. Marine Corps Reveals Aircraft Name
- ^ a b c d Leyes II, Richard A.; Fleming, William A. (1999). The History of North American Small Gas Turbine Aircraft Engines. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution. pp. 365–372. ISBN 1-56347-332-1.
- ^ Zoccoli, Michael J.; Rusterholz, Kenneth P. (June 1–4, 1992). An update on the development of the T407/GLC38 modern technology gas turbine engine (PDF). International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. Cologne, Germany: American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). doi:10.1115/92-GT-147. OCLC 8518815331.
- ^ a b "Manufacturers positioning for coming competitive battles". Air Transport World. Vol. 23. September 1986. pp. 20+. ISSN 0002-2543 – via Gale Research.
- ^ a b MBB CATIC Association (July 1987). MPC 75 feasibility study - Summary report: B1 - Project definition (PDF) (Report). pp. B1–2, B1–13, B1–23, B1–25, B1–30 to B1–32, B1–37, B1–45 to B1–46, Appendix B1-4.1 pages 20 to 31.
- ^ Munson, Kenneth; Jackson, Paul; Gunston, Bill (July 1990). "Gallery of US Navy, Marine Corps, and Army aircraft". Air Force Magazine. Vol. 73, no. 7. p. 90. hdl:2027/osu.32435027300748. ISSN 0730-6784.
- ^ Vartabedian, Ralph (July 21, 1990). "Navy cancels $600-million Lockheed plane contract". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived from the original on October 29, 2020.
- ^ "GE Launches New Engine Program for U.S. Marine Corps Heavy-lift Helicopter". GE Aviation, January 24, 2007.
- ^ "GE38 Completes First Engine to Test Program". GE Aviation, May 6, 2010.
- ^ "GE38 Looking to Take to the Sea". GE Aviation, January 18, 2011.
- ^ Garrett (14 July 2020). "CH-47 Chinook flight tests with more powerful GE T408 engine could begin within weeks". FlightGlobal. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- ^ O'Connor, Bill (October 5, 2010). "Turboprop version of GE38 turboshaft due mid-decade". AINonline.
- ^ Model GE38 Archived 2009-02-08 at the Wayback Machine. GE Aviation. Retrieved: 19 October 2010.
Bibliography
- Trimble, Stephen (October 29 – November 4, 2013). "The power to go further: GE Aviation's GE38 may have its roots in the 1980s, but the manufacturer sees a wealth of opportunities for the new powerplant above and beyond Sikorsky's CH-53K" (PDF). Military engines. Flight International. pp. 38–39. ISSN 0015-3710. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 29, 2020.
- Gunston, Bill (2006). World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines, 5th Edition. Phoenix Mill, Gloucestershire, England, UK: Sutton Publishing Limited. p. 79. ISBN 0-7509-4479-X.
- Johnson, Edward T.; Lindsay, Howard (June 11–14, 1990). Advanced technology programs for small turboshaft engines: Past, present, future (PDF). Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. Brussels, Belgium: American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). doi:10.1115/90-GT-267. OCLC 8518938641.
- Zoccoli, Michael J.; Klassen, David D. (June 11–14, 1990). T407/GLC38: 'A modern technology powerplant' (PDF). Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. Brussels, Belgium: American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). doi:10.1115/90-GT-242. OCLC 7344745132.