Sussex Drive
| Promenade Sussex | |
 Aerial view of Sussex Street and the Royal Canadian Mint, circa 1920 | |
| Typ | Street |
|---|---|
| Standort | Ottawa |
| South end | Rideau Street |
| North end | Rideau Gate |
| Other | |
| Known for | One of the city's major ceremonial and institutional routes |
Sussex Drive (French: Promenade Sussex), also known as Ottawa Regional Road 93, is a major street within Ottawa, Ontario, the capital of Canada. It is one of the city's major ceremonial and institutional routes. Travelling roughly parallel to the Ottawa River, Sussex Drive begins at Rideau Street as a northbound continuation of Colonel By Drive. It travels north to Rideau Gate, at the entrance to Rideau Hall. The portion of Sussex Drive between Rideau Street and St. Patrick Street is a one-way road northbound; southbound traffic is directed west to MacKenzie Avenue.[1]
Route description
Among one of the most famous roads in Canada, Sussex Drive is a boulevard through the New Edinburgh and ByWard Market neighbourhoods of Ottawa. A number of landmarks, embassies and institutions line the road, many of which are designated National Historical Sites. In addition, a number of parks and monuments are located throughout the length of the route, several of which overlook the Ottawa River. The entire route forms a portion of Confederation Boulevard, a ceremonial route around Ottawa and Gatineau used by foreign dignitaries and during royal visits to Canada.[2]
Sussex Drive begins at a traffic circle adjacent to Rockcliffe Park, through which the roadway continues as Princess Avenue. Adjacent to the traffic circle are Rideau Hall at 1 Sussex Drive, home to the Governor General, the Prime Minister's residence at 24 Sussex Drive directly opposite Rideau Hall, and the High Commission of South Africa. It proceeds south-southwest, parallel to the southern shoreline of the Ottawa River, as a two lane road with a central raised median or turn lane. The Embassy of France and the Centre for Geography and Exploration bookend the portion of the route through New Edinburgh.
Widening to four lanes as it crosses the first of two bridges over the Rideau River, Sussex Drive passes above Rideau Falls onto Green Island. There the John G. Diefenbaker Building, former Ottawa City Hall, is complimented by the Ottawa Memorial, Mackenzie–Papineau Monument, the National Artillery Monument, and a statue of John McCrae.[3] Crossing the second bridge, the road returns to the mainland in the Lower Town neighbourhood and intersects the northern end of King Edward Avenue, which provides access to Quebec Autoroute 5 in Gatineau via the Macdonald-Cartier Bridge. Surrounding this intersection are the National Research of Canada (NRC) Laboratories as well as the Lester B. Pearson Building, which is home to Global Affairs Canada. The former residence of Sir John A. Macdonald, Earnscliffe, is preserved at 140 Sussex Drive, adjacent to the NRC Labs.
Crossing over the southern end of the Macdonald-Cartier Bridge, Sussex Drive passes the Delegation of the Ismaili Imamat and the Embassy of Saudi Arabia. It gradually curves south-southeast around the Embassy of Japan before straightening out and travelling between the Royal Canadian Mint and Élisabeth Bruyère Hospital, the first hospital in Ottawa, situated at 43 Bruyère Street. The Global Centre for Pluralism, which opened in the former Canadian War Museum in 2017, and the Embassy of Kuwait immediately follow the previous two buildings on either side of the road. Approaching the ByWard Market, the route passes the Canada School of Public Service at LaSalle Academy and the Notre-Dame Cathedral Basilica to the east and the National Gallery of Canada to the west, which features a Maman sculpture in front of the entrance.
At the Alexandra Bridge approach, Sussex Drive becomes a northbound one-way arterial road paired with Mackenzie Avenue, which serves southbound traffic. St. Patrick Street and Murray Street, also a one-way pair, provide access to and from the bridge. The four roads combined encircle the Peacekeeping Monument, while Major's Hill Park lies to the southwest of this junction. Entering the ByTown Market along its western edge, Sussex Drive features wall-to-wall storefronts with apartments above them on the east side and the Embassy of the United States on the west side. The Former Geological Survey of Canada Building and Connaught Building sandwich the road at George Street. Sussex Street ends at Rideau Street, where it and Mackenzie Avenue connect with Colonel By Drive south along the eastern bank of the Rideau Canal. The Rideau Centre stands on the southeast corner of the intersection, while the former Union Station which was repurposed into the Senate of Canada Building is on the southwest corner. The Daly Building once stood between Sussex and Mackenzie on the north side of Rideau Street, but was demolished in the early 1990s and since replace by a residential condominium.
Points of interest
| Address | Point(s) of interest | Year established | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sussex Drive | Rideau Hall | 1865[4] | Official residence of the Governor General of Canada since 1865[4] | 
|
| 15 Sussex Drive | High Commission of South Africa | 1842[5] | Occupied by High Commission of South Africa in 1944[5] | 
|
| 24 Sussex Drive | Official Residence of the Prime Minister | 1868[6] | Expropriated by the Canadian government in 1949[6] | 
|
| 42 Sussex Drive | Embassy of France | 1939[7] | 
| |
| 50 Sussex Drive | Centre for Geography and Exploration | 2000[8] | 
| |
| Rideau Falls | - | Twin curtain waterfalls at the confluence of the Rideau River and Ottawa River | 
| |
| Ottawa Memorial Mackenzie–Papineau Monument National Artillery Monument statue of John McCrae |
Various | Sites are located throughout Green Island | ||
| 100 Sussex Drive | National Research of Canada Laboratories | 1932[9] | 
| |
| 111 Sussex Drive | John G. Diefenbaker Building | 1958[10] | Government of Canada offices | 
|
| 125 Sussex Drive | Lester B. Pearson Building | 1973[11] | Home to Global Affairs Canada | 
|
| 140 Sussex Drive | Earnscliffe | 1857[12] | Official residence of John A. Macdonald in Ottawa | 
|
| 199 Sussex Drive | Delegation of the Ismaili Imamat | 2008[13] | Aga Khan Foundation | 
|
| 201 Sussex Drive | Embassy of Saudi Arabia | 2005[14] | 
| |
| 255 Sussex Drive | Embassy of Japan | 1978 | 
| |
| 320 Sussex Drive | Royal Canadian Mint | 1908[15] | .jpg)
| |
| 43 Bruyère Street | Élisabeth Bruyère Hospital | 1845[16] | Former Ottawa General Hospital | 
|
| 330 Sussex Drive | Global Centre for Pluralism | 1906[17] | Dominion Archives 1906–1967 Canadian War Museum 1967–2005 Global Centre for Pluralism 2017–present[17] |
|
| 333 Sussex Drive | Embassy of Kuwait | 2003[18] | .jpg)
| |
| 373 Sussex Drive | Canada School of Public Service at LaSalle Academy | 1845[19] | Bishop's Palace (1845) Bytown College (1853)[19] |
|
| 380 Sussex Drive | National Gallery of Canada | 1988[20] | 
| |
| 385 Sussex Drive | Notre-Dame Cathedral Basilica | 1846[21] | 
| |
| Peacekeeping Monument | 1992[22] | Centred between Sussex Drive, Mackenzie Avenue, St. Patrick Street and Murray Street | 
| |
| Major's Hill Park | 1832[23] | 
| ||
| 419 Sussex Drive | Richard Robinson Fashion Design Academy | 1972 | 
| |
| 431 Sussex Drive | Earl of Sussex Pub | 1978 | ||
| 475 Sussex Drive | Revere Hotel | 1846 | Institut Jeanne d'Arc | 
|
| 490 Sussex Drive | Embassy of the United States | 1999 | .jpg)
| |
| 543 Sussex Drive | Former Geological Survey of Canada Building | 1863 | 
| |
| 550 Sussex Drive | Connaught Building | 1913 | 
| |
| 700 Sussex Drive | Former Daly Building | 1905–1992 | Now condominiums | 
|
History
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Sussex Drive was known as Sussex Street until 1953. Originally, Sussex Street was the primary road in Ottawa, serving to connect the former Union Station (now the Senate of Canada Building) with the Queen's Wharf at the foot of the Rideau Canal.[24][25] The street continued as Metcalfe Street to New Edinburgh, becoming Ottawa Street at the Nepean–Gloucester boundary along the Rideau River; Ottawa Street ended at Rockcliffe Park.[26][27] Sussex Street was built on land acquired by Thomas McKay (1792–1855), whom built the locks where the Canal meets the Ottawa River. McKay gradually purchased over 1,000 acres (400 ha) of land and established New Edinburgh in 1832.[28][29] New Edinburgh was incorporated as a village on August 15, 1866, and annexed by the City of Ottawa in 1886.[30] As a result of this, Metcalfe Street and Ottawa Street were renamed as part of Sussex Street.[26][31]
On the eve of Confederation, Rideau Hall, which was built by McKay, was leased to the government of West Canada in 1865 before being bought outright in 1867.[32] This, along with Sir John A. Macdonald's home Earnscliffe, would cement Sussex Street as the heart of the new capital of Canada.[note 1]
several[33]
Sussex was originally three different streets. The section in the Byward Market was originally named Metcalfe Street,[34]
and the portion east of the Rideau River was known as Ottawa Street. The centre portion, named for Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex, was then known as Sussex Street. Sussex Street was renamed Sussex Drive in 1967.
In the 1960s the National Capital Commission launched a beautification campaign through the market section of the street. Beginning in 1961, the privately held buildings were purchased by the government and restored to their original appearances. The governments of Canada and the United Kingdom and the CANLOAN Army Officers Association erected a memorial on June 3, 1961 on the east side of Sussex Drive in Ottawa, Ontario dedicated to the memory of the 128 CANLOAN fatalities within the 673 that served in the British Army during the Second World War.[35]
- Renamed in 1953 by Mayor Charlotte Whitton
In the late 1940s, a large portion of Ottawa saw massive gentrification under the Greber Plan, which was produced by Jacques Gréber under the direction of Prime Minister Mackenzie King. Although Gréber had been corresponding with King as early as 1936, World War II halted any plans from reaching fruition at that time. Following the war, Gréber was again contacted and his expertise requested. He arrived on October 2, 1945 and began working almost immediately.[36] The Greber Plan, as it came to be known, was released in 1950 and presented to the House of Commons on May 22, 1951.[37] The plan called for the complete reorganization of Ottawa's road and rail network, including numerous parkways and an east to west expressway along what was then a Canadian National Railway line.[38][39]
https://ncc-ccn.gc.ca/places/confederation-boulevard
http://www.pastottawa.com/comparison/sussex-and-rideau-intersection/10/
Major intersections
The following table lists the major junctions along Sussex Drive.[1] The entire route is located in Ottawa.
| km[1] | mi | Destinations | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.0 | 0.0 | Rideau Gate |  Road 93 (Princess Avenue) continues north to Sir George-Étienne Cartier Parkway | ||
| 0.1 | 0.062 | McKay Street | |||
| 0.8 | 0.50 |  Road 99 (King Edward Avenue) to  A-5 - Gatineau | |||
| 1.9 | 1.2 |  Road 44 east (St. Patrick Street) to Gatineau, Quebec via Alexandra Bridge | Southbound traffic detours west to MacKenzie Avenue; two-way street begins | ||
| 2.0 | 1.2 | Road 44 west (Murray Street) | |||
| 2.4 | 1.5 |  Road 34 (Rideau Street) | Road 93 (Colonel By Drive) continues south | ||
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi | |||||
References
- ^ a b "Sussex Drive - Length and Route" (Map). Google Maps. Google. October 19, 2020. Retrieved October 19, 2020.
- ^ https://ncc-ccn.gc.ca/places/confederation-boulevard
- ^ https://ncc-ccn.gc.ca/places/rideau-falls-park-and-green-island
- ^ a b https://www.gg.ca/en/visit-us/rideau-hall/what-see-and-do/residence
- ^ a b http://www.southafrica-canada.ca/building-chancery-2/
- ^ a b https://ncc-ccn.gc.ca/places/24-sussex-drive
- ^ https://ca.ambafrance.org/Ambassadors-of-France-in-Canada
- ^ https://ncc-ccn.gc.ca/projects/50-sussex-drive
- ^ National Research Laboratories, Canada. Nature 130, 428 (1932). https://doi.org/10.1038/130428a0
- ^ https://www.canada.ca/en/news/archive/2011/09/government-canada-names-111-sussex-drive-building-complex-honour-prime-minister-john-george-diefenbaker.html
- ^ https://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/dfhd/page_fhbro_eng.aspx?id=13411
- ^ https://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=12684&pid=0
- ^ https://www.akdn.org/press-release/inauguration-delegation-ismaili-imamat-ottawa-canada
- ^ https://diplomatonline.com/mag/2016/12/saudi-arabias-ottawa-jewel-on-sussex-drive/
- ^ https://www.mint.ca/store/mint/learn/history-timeline-4000020
- ^ https://www.historicalsocietyottawa.ca/publications/ottawa-stories/changes-in-the-city-s-landscape/health-care-in-early-bytown
- ^ a b https://www.pluralism.ca/who-we-are/global-headquarters/
- ^ https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67743880/saudi-and-kuwait-embassy-in-ottawa/
- ^ a b https://heritageottawa.org/50years/la-salle-academy
- ^ https://www.gallery.ca/about-the-gallery/our-history
- ^ https://notredameottawa.com/history
- ^ https://www.cbc.ca/archives/entry/honouring-the-peacekeeper
- ^ https://www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/remembrance/memorials/national-inventory-canadian-memorials/details/8376
- ^ https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67554493/early-sussex-drive-history/
- ^ https://www.newspapers.com/clip/42601280/location-of-doran-hotel-on-wellington/
- ^ a b https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67580342/sussex-street-once-metcalfe-street/
- ^ https://library.carleton.ca/find/gis/geospatial-data/georeferenced-ottawa-fire-insurance-plans
- ^ A VERY BRIEF HISTORY OF NEW EDINBURGH. By Robert Serré
- ^ https://carleton.ca/sics/wp-content/uploads/2011-Mason-The-New-Edinburgh-Heritage-Conservation-District-is-a-Success-But-Not-For-Long.pdf
- ^ https://www.historynerd.ca/2013/06/28/22-years-of-new-edinburgh/
- ^ https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67574471/renaming-new-edinburgh-streets/
- ^ https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67555041/history-of-rideau-hall/
- ^ https://archive.org/details/abbottsguidetoot00unse/page/44/mode/2up
- ^ https://books.google.ca/books?id=mSYRAQAAIAAJ&dq=formerly+Metcalfe+St.%2C+from+Bolton+St.&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=%22formerly+Metcalfe+St.%2C+from+Bolton+St.%22
- ^ CANLOAN Memorial
- ^ Gréber, Jacques (1950). Plan for the National Capital (Greber Report) Introduction. Queen's University. Retrieved June 18, 2012.
- ^ Gordon, David (1950). Weaving a Modern Plan for Canada's Capital: Jacques Gréber and the 1950 Plan for the National Capital Region. Queen's University. Retrieved June 18, 2012.
- ^ Gréber, Jacques (1950). Plan for the National Capital (Greber Report) Plate 12. Queen's University. Retrieved June 18, 2012.
- ^ Gréber, Jacques (1950). Plan for the National Capital (Greber Report) Plate 26. Queen's University. Retrieved June 18, 2012.
External links
See also
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