Α-Olefin sulfonate
α-Olefin sulfonates (AOS) are a group of anionic surfectants, that are used in detergent. [1]
The compounds contain a - mostly linear, primary - alkyl R and a monovalent cation M, preferably sodium.[2] The most frequently used exponent of this group of substances is sodium α-olefin sulfonate (INCI: Sodium C14-16 Olefin Sulfonate).[3]
Production and composition
α-Olefin Sulfonates are produced by sulfonation (for example with sulfur trioxide) of alpha-olefin and subsequent alkaline hydrolysis and consist of a mixture of alkene sulfonates and hydroxyalkane sulfonates. The mixture usually contains approx. 60-65% alkene sulfonates, 35-40% hydroxyalkane sulfonates and up to 10% disulfonates. The commercially available olefin sulfonates are mostly solutions with about 40% active ingredient content.
[4]
[5]
Description
In addition to a longer hydrocarbon chain in which there must be at least one double bond (hence the name "olefin"), it has an anionic sulfonate headgroup with a sodium ion as a counterion. The sulfonate group is negative in aqueous solution, which is why the α-olefin sulfonates are among the anionic surfactants. In contrast to most other surfactants in which the C 12 -alkyl chains have the highest surface activity, olefin sulfonates shows maximal activity when using C 14 and C 16 -olefins. [6]
Usage
α-Olefin sulfonates with linear alkenyl radicals from C 12 to C 18 are found as anionic surfactants with pronounced foam formation and foam stability (even with high water hardness), excellent fat-dissolving power and Oil dissolving power as well as a favorable ecological profile and low aquatic toxicity and human toxicity [7] [8] Use in various areas of application. For example in detergents and cleaning agents, for degreasing, in the emulsion polymerization, the conditioning of concrete and mortar as well as in the formulation of pesticides n. [2]
References
- ^ Kirk H. Raney, Paul G. Shpakoff, Deborah K. Passwater: Use of high-active alpha olefin sulfonates in laundry powders. In: Journal of Surfactants and Detergents. 1, 1998, S. 361, doi:10.1007/s11743-998-0037-z.
- ^ a b Entry on Α-Olefin sulfonate. at: Römpp Online. Georg Thieme Verlag, retrieved {{{Datum}}}.
- ^ Template:Substanzinfo
- ^
Literature 
Oral literature Major written forms Long prose fiction Short prose fiction Prose genres Fiction Non-fiction Poetry genres Narrative Lyric Lists Dramatic genres History Lists and outlines Theory and criticism 
Literature portal - ^ D. M. Marquis, SH Sharman et al: Alpha olefin sulfonates from a commercial SO 3 -Air reactor. In: Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 43, 1966, S. & nbsp; 607, doi:10.1007 / BF02640797.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
SD Williams, WH Schmittwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Bindu Nair: Final Report On the Safety Assessment of Sodium Alpha-Olefin Sulfonates. In: International Journal of Toxicology. 17, 2016, S. & nbsp; 39, doi:10.1177 / 109158189801700504.
- ^ Cosmetic Ingredient Review: [https: //www.cir-safety.org/panelbook/re-review-sodium-%CE%B1-olefin-sulfonates-used-cosmetics Re-Review of Sodium α-Olefin Sulfonates as Used in Cosmetics | Cosmetic Ingredient Review], accessed on July 6, 2019.
