Cessna Citation I
| Citation I / I/SP | |
|---|---|
| |
| Role | Corporate jet |
| National origin | Vereinigte Staaten |
| Manufacturer | Cessna |
| First flight | September 15, 1969 (FanJet 500)[1] |
| Produced | 1971-1985[2] |
| Number built | 689,[3] 688 delivered[2] |
| Variants | Cessna Citation II |
The Cessna 500 Citation I is a small business jet produced by Cessna, the basis of the Citation family. Announced in October 1968, the Fanjet 500 prototype first flew on September 15, 1969 and it was certified as the Model 500 Citation on September 9, 1971. It was upgraded in 1976 as the Citation I, and the Model 501 Citation I/SP single-pilot variant was introduced in 1977. Production ended in 1985 with 689 of all variants produced. The straight wing jet is powered by JT15D turbofans. The aircraft was developed into the Citation II.
Development
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In October 1968 Cessna announced an eight place business jet capable of operating from light/medium twins airfields. The Fanjet 500 prototype first flew on September 15, 1969. By then its unit cost was $695,000,[1] $5.77M today. The renamed 500 Citation had a relatively long development program with a longer forward fuselage, repositioned engine nacelles, a larger tail and more dihedral to the horizontal tail. It was FAA certified on September 9, 1971.[4]
In early 1976, its wing span grew from 43.9 to 47.1 ft (13.4 to 14.4 m).[5] It also gained thrust reversers and higher gross weights. The enhanced 500 Citation I was introduced later in 1976 with higher weights, JT15D-1A engines and an increased span wing. The 501 Citation I/SP, certificated for single pilot operations, was delivered in early 1977. Production ended in 1985, it was developed into the Citation II/Bravo and the Citation V/Ultra/Encore. Over 690 Citations, Citation Is and I/SPs were built between 1971 and 1985.[4]
By 2018, used 1970s model 500s were valued at $300,000, Citation ISPs at $695,000 to $1.25 million with the Eagle II package.[6]
Design
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The aircraft was powered by two Pratt & Whitney Canada JT15D-1 turbofan engines after Cessna's experience with the T-37 Tweet twinjet trainer. Its use of turbofans rather than turbojets and straight wings rather than swept wings made it cruise slowly compared to other business jets and Learjet salesmen mocked it as the “Nearjet” vulnerable to “bird strikes from the rear”; Cessna renamed it the “Citation” after the thoroughbred but it was nicknamed as “Slowtation”.[7]
Operators
Civil operators
Government and Military operators
Accidents and incidents
Notable accidents and incidents involving the Citation 500, Citation I and Citation I/SP:
- On August 2, 1979, New York Yankees player Thurman Munson was killed when his Citation I/SP, aircraft registration number N15NY, crashed short of the runway during touch-and-go landing practice at Akron-Canton Airport; the crash and post-crash fire destroyed the aircraft while Munson's two passengers escaped with serious injuries. The National Transportation Safety Board attributed the accident to Munson's failure to lower the flaps and maintain adequate airspeed.[13]
- On March 30, 2008, a Citation I/SP, registration VP-BGE, crashed near Biggin Hill Airport, killing former racing drivers David Leslie and Richard Lloyd, the two pilots, and another passenger, and causing a fire that destroyed two houses struck by the aircraft. The accident was attributed to the flight crew's improper emergency procedures in reaction to a perceived engine fault.
- On October 13, 2016, a Citation 500, registration C-GTNG, crashed shortly after takeoff from Kelowna International Airport, killing former Premier of Alberta Jim Prentice, the pilot, and two other passengers. The Transportation Safety Board of Canada (TSB) was unable to conclusively determine the cause of the crash, but the flight profile was consistent with a spiral dive caused by spatial disorientation, and the pilot's lack of experience flying at night and in instrument meteorological conditions were thought to have contributed. The TSB also noted that although the aircraft had been outfitted for single-pilot operations in accordance with Transport Canada (TC) regulations, the operator lacked the required TC approval for single-pilot flights, and the TSB criticized TC for lax operator oversight.[14]
- On May 29, 2021, a Citation 501, registration N66BK, crashed into Percy Priest Lake shortly after takeoff from Smyrna Airport, killing American author Gwen Shamblin Lara and her husband, American actor William Lara, along with 5 other members of the Remnant Fellowship Church.[15]
Specifications (Cessna Citation I)
Data from Jane's Civil and Military Aircraft Upgrades 1994-95 [16]
General characteristics
- Crew: Two (One pilot on I/SP)
- Capacity: 5 passengers
- Length: 43 ft 6 in (13.26 m)
- Wingspan: 47 ft 1 in (14.35 m)
- Height: 14 ft 4 in (4.37 m)
- Wing area: 278.5 sq ft (25.87 m2)
- Aspect ratio: 7.83:1
- Empty weight: 6,631 lb (3,008 kg)
- Max takeoff weight: 11,850 lb (5,375 kg)
- Fuel capacity: 564 US gal (470 imp gal; 2,130 L) usable fuel
- Powerplant: 2 × Pratt & Whitney Canada JT15D-1B turbofans, 2,200 lbf (9.8 kN) thrust each
Performance(above 28,000 ft (8,500 m)
- Maximum speed: Mach 0.705
- Cruise speed: 357 kn (411 mph, 661 km/h) at 35,000 ft (11,000 m)
- Stall speed: 82 kn (94 mph, 152 km/h) (CAS)
- Range: 1,328 nmi (1,528 mi, 2,459 km) at 41,000 ft (12,000 m) (45 min reserves, 1,562 lb (709 kg) payload)
- Service ceiling: 41,000 ft (12,000 m)
- Rate of climb: 2,719 ft/min (13.81 m/s)
See also
Related development
References
- ^ a b "CESSNA'S JET AIRBORNE". FLIGHT International. 2 October 1969.
- ^ a b Murdo Morrison (12 Oct 2018). "NBAA: Business jet designs that changed the industry". FlightGlobal.
- ^ "500-Series Technical Review". Textron Aviation. April 28, 2015. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ a b Gerard Frawley. "Cessna 500 & 501 Citation, Citation I & Citation I/SP". The International Directory of Civil Aircraft – via Airliners.net.
- ^ Taylor, J.W.R. (editor) Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1976-77. London: Macdonald and Jane's, 1976. ISBN 0-354-00538-3, p.275.
- ^ Mark Huber (December 2018). "For many models, market hitting the apex" (PDF). Aviation International News. pp. 20–21, 24. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-12-27. Retrieved 2018-12-27.
- ^ William Garvey (Feb 10, 2017). "Can A Cessna Succeed The G450?". Aviation Week & Space Technology.
- ^ "Angola receives maritime surveillance aircraft from Israel". Defence Web. 16 October 2017. Archived from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 19 October 2017.
- ^ Martin, Guy (December 2017). "Angola acquires Citation MPA". Air International. Vol. 93, no. 6. p. 11. ISSN 0306-5634.
- ^ "FAA Registry: N-Number Inquiry Results: N54FT". Federal Aviation Authority. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
- ^ Rivas, Santiago (September 2020). "Fighting Criminals all over Argentina". Air International. Vol. 99, no. 3. pp. 80–83. ISSN 0306-5634.
- ^ Flores, Santiago A. "From Cavalry to Close Air Support". Air International. May 2001, Vol. 60, No. 5, ISSN 0306-5634, p. 301.
- ^ "NTSB Aviation Accident Final Report CHI79FA064". National Transportation Safety Board. Retrieved April 6, 2021.
- ^ "Aviation Investigation Report A16P0186". Transportation Safety Board of Canada. June 4, 2019. Retrieved April 6, 2021.
- ^ "Plane carrying diet guru Gwen Lara, 6 others crashes into Tennessee lake; all on board presumed dead". USA Today. May 30, 2021. Retrieved May 30, 2021.
- ^ Michell, Simon, ed. (1994). Jane's Civil and Military Upgrades 1994-95. Coulsdon, Surrey UK: Jane's Information Group. pp. 300–301. ISBN 0-7106-1208-7.
External links
