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Japanese people in Vietnam

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Japanese expatriates and descendants in Vietnam
Japanese red seal ship sailing out of Nagasaki for Annam (Vietnam)
Total population
16,145 (2016)[1]
Regions with significant populations
Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City
Languages
Vietnamese · Japanese
Religion
Buddhism · Shinto
Related ethnic groups
Japanese diaspora

The community of Japanese expatriates and descendants in Vietnam consist mainly of Japanese expatriates and migrants residing in Vietnam, as well as their descendants who identify their ancestry to be Japanese. As of 2016, there are about 16,145 Japanese residents in Vietnam, mostly around Hanoi.

History

Early history

Main article: Nihonmachi
Chùa Cầu, a Japanese-built covered bridge in Hội An.

For a brief period in the 16th to the 17th centuries, Japanese overseas activity and presence in Southeast Asia and elsewhere in the region boomed. Sizeable Japanese communities, known as Nihonmachi, could be found in many of the major ports and political centers of the region, where they exerted significant political and economic influence.[2] One of which was Hội An in Nguyễn, Southern Vietnam.[3] The Japanese community there was quite small, consisting of only a few tens of households.[4]

Over the course of the 17th century, the Japanese community in Hội An gradually shrank and disappeared, assimilated into the Vietnamese community. Intermarriage not only within the Nihonmachi, but between notable Japanese merchant families and the Nguyễn noble family, is indicated by contemporary records, grave markers, and various forms of anecdotal evidence. The descendants of several of these merchant families still hold today as heirlooms objects relating the families' connections to Vietnam.[5]

Modern era

See also: Vietnam during World War II

During World War II, on 22 September 1940, Japan invaded Vietnam and began constructing military bases to strike against the Allies in Southeast Asia. Japanese troops remained in Vietnam until their surrender to the Allies in 1945. Madame Nhu's mother Madame Chuong was accused by the French secret police (French Sûreté) of sleeping with Japanese diplomats so her husband was hired by them.[6]

Some Japanese troops from the IJA stayed in Vietnam and were recruited into the ranks of the Viet Minh as NCO's and Officers were needed to train the Viet Minh in modern tactics.

Some also simply assimilated, intermarried with the Vietnamese population and adopted Vietnamese names.

In recent years, many natives of Japan have migrated to Vietnam, mostly to Hanoi for all sorts of reasons. According to the Japan Foundation, Hanoi is home to under 5,000 Japanese residents.[7] Chief among the professional lures are construction management, manufacturing and financial services jobs. Japan-owned Toyota, Honda, Panasonic, Yamaha and Canon have large manufacturing plants on the outskirts of Hanoi.

Outside of business, Japanese foreign aid services and management are also a draw. Japan is currently the largest international donor to Vietnam. A Japan Foundation center in Vietnam was established in Hoàn Kiếm, Hanoi in 2008.[8]

Bildung

There are three Japanese international schools:

The Ho Chi Minh City Japanese Supplementary School, a supplementary programme, is held in Ho Chi Minh City.[12]

See also

References

  1. ^ Ministry of Foreign affairs of Japan - Socialist Republic of Viet Nam
  2. ^ Wray. p8.
  3. ^ Woodside. p162.
  4. ^ A 1642 report to the Dutch East India Company by a Japanese inhabitant of the port describes a Chinese population of 4,000-5,000 and a Japanese population of 40-50. (Laarhoven, Ruurdje (trans.) "A Japanese Resident's Account: Declaration of the Situation of Quinam Kingdom by Francisco, 1642." in Li and Reid (eds.) Southern Vietnam. p31.)
  5. ^ Chuong, Thau. "Bridge of Friendship." in Ancient Town of Hoi An. p209.
  6. ^ Baker, Katie (24 September 2013). "Finding The Dragon Lady: In Search of Vietnam's Infamous Madame Nhu". The Daily Beast.
  7. ^ wordhcmc.com - Little Japan[permanent dead link]
  8. ^ Japan Foundation Vietnam Brief Introduction
  9. ^ Home Archived 2015-01-14 at the Wayback Machine. The Japanese School of Hanoi. Retrieved on 13 February 2015. "HAM NGHI, MY DINH 2, NAM TU LIEM, HA NOI"
  10. ^ JIS Home
  11. ^ Home Archived 2015-01-22 at the Wayback Machine. The Japanese School in Ho Chi Minh City. Retrieved on 13 February 2015.
  12. ^ "アジアの補習授業校一覧（平成25年4月15日現在）" (). Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Retrieved on 13 February 2015.
  • https://saigoncholon.blogspot.com/2015/07/japanese-women-settlers-whose-were-in.html
  • 陳碧純，「山打根的八番娼館」之讀後心得，亞太研究論壇卷期:28 2005.06，頁309-315。http://www.rchss.sinica.edu.tw/capas/publication/newsletter/N28/2806.pdf
  • 佐藤トゥイウェン，「第 4 章「孝」に殉じた天草の「からゆきさん」」，『周縁の文化交渉学シリーズ 8天草諸島の歴史と現在』，関西大学文化交渉学教育研究拠点，2012年。
  • 柏木卓司，『戦前期フランス領インドシナにおける邦人進出の形態-「職業別人口表 」を中心として-』 ， (アジア経済 ) 31(3) 1990 3: p. 78-98。
  • 柏木卓司，「ベトナムのからゆきさん」，『歴史と人物』10月号，中央公論，1979，208頁。
  • 神坂次郎，『おれは伊平次』，講談社文庫，2002/8。
  • 平田豊弘，「松下光廣と大南公司」，『周縁の文化交渉学シリーズ 4 陶磁器流通と西海地域』，関西大学，荒武賢一朗編，2011年。
  • Ch. Lemire,　Les cinq Pays de l'Indo-Chine française, l'établissement de Kouang-Tchéou, le Siam，Juillet 1899．
  • Dean Meyers and My-Van Tran, The Cao Dai, Prince Cuong De and the Japanese in 1937–1939, THE CRISIS OF THE EIGHTH LUNAR MONTH, University of South Australia, IJAPS Vol. 2 (May) 2006.
  • https://www.flickr.com/photos/unklnik/4315745949/
  • https://twitter.com/karayukiSan2E1/status/357688496665788416
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