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Coronation of Charles III and Camilla

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Coronation of Charles III and Camilla
Charles and Camilla in 2019
Date6 May 2023
VenueWestminster Abbey
LocationLondon, United Kingdom
Participants
Websitecoronation.gov.uk Edit this at Wikidata

The coronation of Charles III and his wife, Camilla, as king and queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms is scheduled to take place on Saturday, 6 May 2023, at Westminster Abbey. Charles acceded to the throne on 8 September 2022, upon the death of his mother, Elizabeth II.

Charles and Camilla's coronation service has been altered from past British coronations to represent multiple faiths, cultures, and communities across the United Kingdom, and is to be shorter than his mother's coronation in 1953. The service is to begin with Charles's anointing, symbolising his spiritual entry into kingship, and then his crowning and enthronement, representing his assumption of temporal powers and responsibilities. Camilla is to be crowned in a shorter and simpler rite. The royal family is then expected to travel to Buckingham Palace in a state procession, and appear on the palace's balcony.

In addition to the coronation ceremony, public ceremonies and celebrations have been planned to mark the event in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the British Crown Dependencies and overseas territories. On 7 May, the Coronation Big Lunch is scheduled to take place in the United Kingdom, allowing the public to mark the occasion with street parties. A Coronation Concert is planned to take place on the same day at Windsor Castle, with representatives of Charles and Camilla's charities as well as members of the general public in attendance. The Big Help Out initiative, to take place on 8 May, aims to encourage community service and volunteering. Both the coronation at Westminster Abbey and the concert at Windsor Castle will be broadcast on television and streamed online.

Charles and Camilla's coronation will be the first of a British monarch in the 21st century, and the 40th to be held at Westminster Abbey since William the Conqueror's coronation in 1066.[1][a]

Preparation

Background

Charles III became king immediately upon the death of his mother, Elizabeth II, at 15:10 BST on Thursday 8 September 2022. He was proclaimed king by the Accession Council of the United Kingdom on Saturday 10 September,[3] which was followed by proclamations in other Commonwealth realms.[4] Due to Elizabeth's advanced age, Charles's coronation has been planned for years, under the code name Operation Golden Orb.[5][6][7] During Elizabeth's reign, planning meetings for Operation Golden Orb were held at least once a year, attended by representatives of the government, the Church of England, and staff for Charles.[5]

Planning

The Duke of Norfolk, Edward Fitzalan-Howard, is in charge of organising the coronation as hereditary Earl Marshal.[8] A committee of privy counsellors will arrange the event.[9][7]

In October 2022, the date of Charles and Camilla's coronation was announced: Saturday 6 May 2023 at Westminster Abbey.[10] Buckingham Palace set the date to ensure sufficient time to mourn the death of Queen Elizabeth II before holding a joyous ceremony.[9][7] In November 2022, the government proclaimed that an extra bank holiday would occur on 8 May, two days after the coronation.[11] On 20 January 2023, Buckingham Palace announced plans for the coronation weekend between 6 and 8 May.[12]

St Edward's Crown was removed in December 2022 from the Tower of London for resizing to be used to crown the King.[13][14][7] In February 2023, Queen Mary's Crown was removed from display at the Tower of London for modification work.[15] The crown will be reset with the Cullinan III, IV and V diamonds and four of its detachable arches will be removed.[15] It will be the first time a queen is crowned using another consort's crown since 1727, when Caroline of Ansbach used the Crown of Mary of Modena.[15] The decision not to use the Crown of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother avoids a potential diplomatic dispute with Pakistan, Afghanistan and India, which have all made claims of ownership of the Koh-i-Noor diamond in the past.[16]

As a state occasion, the coronation is paid for by the British government. The government thus also decides the guest list,[14] which will include members of the British royal family, the British prime minister, representatives of the houses of Parliament, representatives of the governments of the Commonwealth realms and foreign royalty and heads of state.[17] Safety regulations at Westminster Abbey will restrict the number of guests to around 2,000.[18] After the ceremony, Charles and Camilla are expected to appear on the Buckingham Palace balcony.[7]

For the first time, a Coronation Claims Office has been established within the Cabinet Office instead of the traditional Court of Claims to handle claims to perform a historic or ceremonial role at the coronation.[19]

The official photographer of the coronation will be Hugo Burnand. He had previously been the official photographer for Charles and Camilla's wedding in 2005.[20]

Invitation to the Coronation of King Charles III and Queen Camilla

On 5 April 2023, the official invitation from King Charles III and Queen Camilla was unveiled and sent to about 2,000 guests.[21] A new official photo of the royal couple by Hugo Burnand was also released.[21] The invitation for the coronation was designed by Andrew Jamieson, a heraldic artist and manuscript illuminator, and features the couple's coats of arms and a motif of the Green Man against a background of the emblematic flowers of the UK and a British wildflower meadow and wildlife.[21][22]

The official commemorative range to mark the coronation was released by Royal Collection Shop on 14 April 2023. The collection is crafted from English bone china and finished in 22 carat gold.[23]

On the evening and early morning of 17 and 18 April, initial dress rehearsals began taking place in London for the military processions.[24] The RAF was also seen rehearsing for the flypast on 19 April.[25]

In preparation for the coronation, Westminster Abbey was closed to tourists and worshippers from 25 April until 8 May.[26]

Emblems

Coronation emblem in the United Kingdom
Coronation emblem in Canada

The Coronation Emblem was designed by Sir Jony Ive with his creative collective LoveFrom and depicts the flora of the four nations of the United Kingdom in the shape of St Edward's Crown.[27] The flora shown in the emblem are the rose for England, the thistle for Scotland, the daffodil for Wales and the shamrock for Northern Ireland.[28] The primary emblem is in blue and red, the colours of the Union Jack. Secondary emblems were also made available in red, blue, black and white.[28] All versions were also made available in Welsh.[29] The Palace also announced that the rules governing the commercial use of Royal Photographs and Official Insignia would be temporarily relaxed with the King and Queen's approval in this case to allow souvenir manufacturing.[30]

A Canadian emblem for the coronation was created by Cathy Bursey-Sabourin, the Fraser Herald of Arms, and registered with the Canadian Heraldic Authority. The emblem includes Charles III's royal cypher inside a ring of 13 triangular shapes, alluding to a string of pennants and Canada's provinces and territories. The circular arrangement symbolises inclusion, as well as the Indigenous Canadian concept of equity and the cycles of the natural world. The colour green is a nod to the King's commitment to the environment, while the white space may be viewed as a sunburst, symbolising innovation and new ideas.[31]

Coronation

Procession to the abbey

The Gold State Coach of 1762 on display at the Royal Mews. It will be used in the Coronation Procession returning from Westminster Abbey to Buckingham Palace.

On the day of the coronation, The King and Queen will travel to Westminster Abbey in the modern Diamond Jubilee State Coach, drawn by six Windsor Greys as part of a procession known as "The King's Procession".[32][33] The Sovereign's Escort of the Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment will take part in the procession, which will go along The Mall, down Whitehall and along Parliament Street, and around the east and south sides of Parliament Square.[32] In the return journey the King and Queen will travel in the older Gold State Coach.

Procession into the abbey

Faith leaders and representatives from the Bahai, Buddhist, Hindu, Jain, Jewish, Shia and Sunni Muslim, Sikh, and Zoroastrian communities will form the first procession inside the abbey.[34][35] They will be followed by ecumenical leaders and representatives from the Commonwealth realms, whose flags will be carried by national representatives accompanied by the governors general and prime ministers.[34][35] The King and Queen will arrive at 11:00 and form their own procession, accompanied by the Marquess of Anglesey, the Duke of Westminster, the Earl of Caledon and the Earl of Dundee, who will carry the Standards of the Quarterings of the Royal Arms and Standard of the Principality of Wales.[34][35] Also taking part in the procession will be Admiral Sir Tony Radakin and the Duke of Norfolk.[34] The choir will sing Hubert Parry's I was glad and the Westminster scholars will chant "Vivat Rex" as they make their way.[35]

Charles will be attended by four pages of honour. They are Prince George of Wales, Lord Oliver Cholmondeley (son of the Marquess and Marchioness of Cholmondeley), Nicholas Barclay (grandson of Sarah Troughton), and Ralph Tollemache (son of the Hon. Edward Tollemache). Camilla will also be attended by four pages of honour. They are her grandsons, Gus and Louis Lopes (sons of Laura Lopes) and Frederick Parker Bowles (son of Tom Parker Bowles), and her great-nephew, Arthur Elliot (son of Ben Elliot).[36] Camilla will also be accompanied by two "ladies in attendance": her sister, Annabel Elliot, and the Marchioness of Lansdowne.[37]

Charles will be wearing his grandfather George VI's Robe of State upon arrival and Robe of Estate upon departure.[38] Camilla will be wearing her mother-in-law Elizabeth II's Robe of State upon arrival and a newly created Robe of Estate upon departure, which features her cypher, bees, a beetle, and various plants and flowers, including lily of the valley, myrtle, delphinium, lady's mantle, maidenhair fern, and cornflowers.[38]

Regalia

The leading object for the procession within the abbey will be the newly made Cross of Wales, which includes relics of the True Cross gifted to the King by Pope Francis.[39] Two maces, made between 1660 and 1695, and the Sword of State will be carried into the abbey before the King.[40] Also carried into the abbey will be the Sword of Spiritual Justice, the Sword of Temporal Justice, the blunt Sword of Mercy, and St Edward's Staff.[40] At the King's request, the sixth-century St Augustine Gospels will be carried in the procession as well.[41]

Recognition, oath, and anointing of the King

The Coronation Chair will be used by Charles during the ceremony, when it will house the Stone of Scone (pictured below)
File:Fu55y2aWAAArAwF.jpg
The Stone of Scone in London, for the first time in England since returning to Scotland in 1996.

The service will be conducted by the Archbishop of Canterbury.[12] The King and Queen will have a silent moment of prayer before seating themselves on their Chairs of Estate,[35] which were made in 1953 for Charles's parents.[43] Paul Mealor's "Coronation Kyrie" will be sung by Sir Bryn Terfel, after which the Archbishop of Canterbury, Lady Angiolini, Christopher Finney, and Baroness Amos will ask the audience in each direction of the compass separately: "I here present unto you King Charles, your undoubted King: wherefore all you who are come this day to do your homage and service, are you willing to do the same?" The crowd will reply "God save King Charles!" every time.[35] Charles will then be presented with the Bible by the Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland.[35]

Charles will take the Coronation Oath as administered by the archbishop of Canterbury.[35] In the lengthy oath, he will swear to govern each of his countries according to their respective laws and customs, to mete out law and justice with mercy, to uphold Protestantism in the United Kingdom and protect the Church of England and preserve its bishops and clergy.[35] He will proceed to the altar where he will state, "The things which I have here before promised I will perform and keep. So help me God."[35] After the anthem "Prevent Us, O Lord", the King will say a prayer, which will be followed by "Mass for Four Voices".[35] The archbishop of Canterbury will deliver the collect.[35] Prime Minister Rishi Sunak and Dame Sarah Mullally, bishop of London, will read Colossians 1:9–17 and Luke 4:16–21, respectively.[35] Psalm 47:1–2 and Psalm 47:6–7 will be sung in between to new tunes composed by Debbie Wiseman. They will be followed by a sermon by the archbishop of Canterbury.[35] The recitation of the Nicene Creed has been omitted from the Liturgy, but the anthem "Come, Holy Ghost" will still be sung.

Charles will be anointed as the choir sings Zadok the Priest and his cape will be removed after which he will be seated in King Edward's Chair, the name of which refers to either Edward the Confessor or Edward I of England, who had it built in 1300 to house the Stone of Scone that the English seized from the Scots in 1296.[44][45][46] The 13th-century chair has undergone a programme of restoration and conservation in preparation for the ceremony.[47] Historic Environment Scotland announced in September 2022 that the Stone of Scone would be moved from the Crown Room of Edinburgh Castle to London for Charles's coronation at Westminster Abbey and returned to the Castle after the ceremony.[48] The holy anointing oil was based on the same formula as had been used in the coronation of Elizabeth II and was consecrated by Patriarch Theophilos III of Jerusalem at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre on 6 March 2023 under the supervision of Hosam Naoum, the Anglican Archbishop in Jerusalem.[49][50][51] It will be contained within the Ampulla and the archbishop will use the Spoon to anoint the king on his forehead, hands and breast.[40][35] As per the coronation of Elizabeth II, it has been confirmed by Buckingham Palace that the moment of anointing will not be directly shown on television.[52] The king will be protected from view with a three-sided anointing screen designed by iconographer Aidan Hart with inspiration from a stained glass window created for Elizabeth II's Golden Jubilee in the Chapel Royal at St James' Palace.[53] Embroidered by the Royal School of Needlework, the design features Charles's cypher in his role as sovereign and servant at the base of a tree with 56 leaves that are representative of the Commonwealth of Nations.[54]

Crowning, enthronement and homage to the King

St Edward's Crown, the Orb, the Sovereign's Sceptre with Cross, the Sovereign's Sceptre with Dove, and the Sovereign's Ring

From the altar, the dean will pass to the lord great chamberlain the Spurs, which were will be presented to Charles and then placed back on the altar.[35] The Sword of State will then be handed to Charles, who, after a prayer is uttered by the archbishop of Canterbury, will place it himself on the altar, and the peer who had been previously holding it will take it back again after paying the redemption money.[35]

Charles will then be invested with the Armills, Stole Royal, Robe Royal, and the Sovereign's Orb, followed by the Sovereign's Ring, the Glove, the Sovereign's Sceptre with Cross, and the Sovereign's Sceptre with Dove.[40][35] He will then be crowned by the archbishop of Canterbury, with the crowd chanting "God save the King!" at the exact moment St Edward's Crown touches the monarch's head.[35] At the moment of the King's crowning, 21-gun salutes will be fired at 13 locations and on deployed Royal Navy ships along with 62-gun salutes and a six-gun salvo at the Tower of London and Horse Guards Parade.[55]

The traditional formula following the crowning, "God crown you with a crown of glory and righteousness..." has been omitted from the Liturgy. With the blessing read by the archbishop of York, the Greek Orthodox archbishop of Thyateira & Great Britain, the moderator of the Free Churches, the secretary general of Churches Together in England, the cardinal archbishop of Westminster, and the archbishop of Canterbury, Charles will move to the throne (originally made for George VI in 1937)[43] and the archbishop of Canterbury and Charles's elder son and heir apparent, William, will offer to him their fealty.[35] Unlike previous coronations, only William will pay his personal homage and allegiance to the monarch, while other royal peers will not be asked to do the same.[35][56] The homage of peers is instead replaced by the homage of the people, and the archbishop of Canterbury will invite those who wish to make their homage by sharing in the same words.[35] For the first time in a Coronation, the public will be invited to swear allegiance to the King.[57]

The Queen

The Imperial State Crown will be worn by King Charles III after the service on the procession to Buckingham Palace and at the balcony appearance
Queen Mary's Crown (here depicted in its original form) will be used to crown Queen Camilla

The Queen will be anointed without a screen or canopy and then presented with the Queen Consort's Ring.[35] It is thought to be the first time a consort has been anointed in public view.[58] She will then be crowned by the archbishop of Canterbury using Queen Mary's Crown.[35] Camilla will be presented with the Queen Consort's Sceptre with Cross and the Queen Consort's Rod with Dove, before walking over to her own throne, which was originally made for Queen Elizabeth in 1937,[43] beside the King, where she will sit.[40][35]

This will be the first coronation of a consort since that of Queen Elizabeth in 1937.[7]

End of the service

The Offertory will follow, during which gifts of bread and wine are brought before the King and prayed over reciting a translation from Liber Regalis.[35] Charles and Camilla will then receive Holy Communion from the archbishop of Canterbury and recite the Lord's Prayer.[35] After the final blessing and the anthem "Praise my Soul", Te Deum will be sung by the choir.[35] The King and Queen will proceed to the West Door of the Abbey as the National Anthem, "God Save the King", is sung.[35] At the end of the procession the King receives a greeting by leaders and representatives from Jewish, Hindu, Sikh, Muslim, and Buddhist communities.[35]

The King will wear the Imperial State Crown at the end of the ceremony.[59] The crown was removed in December 2022 from the Tower of London for resizing and modification work.

State Procession to Buckingham Palace

On the return journey, the King and Queen, in the Gold State Coach drawn by eight Windsor Greys, and the royal family in other conveyances, will take the same route in reverse and return to Buckingham Palace in a larger ceremonial procession, known as "The Coronation Procession".[32] They will be joined by armed forces from across the Commonwealth and the British Overseas Territories, alongside the Sovereign's Bodyguard, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and Royal Watermen.[32][60] The Princess Royal and the Commander of the Household Cavalry will serve as Gold Stick-in-Waiting and Silver Stick-in-Waiting, respectively.[61] Over 5,000 members of the British Armed Forces and 400 Armed Forces personnel from at least 35 other Commonwealth countries will be part of the two processions, and 1,000 more will be lining the route.[55] The Royal British Legion will form a Guard of Honour of 100 Standard Bearers in Parliament Square.[55] Upon returning to the palace, the King and Queen will then receive a royal salute from the armed forces and join the other working members of the royal family on the balcony of Buckingham Palace to review a six-minute flypast of more than 60 aircraft.[32][33][55]

A grandstand was built in front of Buckingham Palace with 3,800 seats offered to Armed Forces veterans, NHS and social care workers, and representatives of charities with links to the King and Queen who will be watching the procession and the flypast.[62] 354 uniformed cadet forces have been given the opportunity to watch the procession at Admiralty Arch.[62]

Music

The King personally oversaw the development of the music programme and commissioned twelve new pieces for the service: six orchestral, five choral and one organ piece.[63] Andrew Nethsingha, the organist and master of the choristers at the abbey, was appointed as the director of music for the coronation.[64]

Six of the new commissions will be performed by the orchestra before the service and include "Brighter Visions Shine Afar" by Judith Weir, "Sacred Fire" by Sarah Class (which will be performed by Pretty Yende), "Be Thou my Vision - Triptych for Orchestra" by Nigel Hess, Roderick Williams, and Shirley J. Thompson, "Voices of the World" by Iain Farrington, and "King Charles III Coronation March" by Patrick Doyle.[65] "Tros y Garreg" by Sir Karl Jenkins will be part of the programme,[65] while tradition requires that the works of William Byrd, George Frideric Handel, Sir Edward Elgar, Sir Henry Walford Davies, Sir William Walton, Sir Hubert Parry, and Ralph Vaughan Williams be included as well.[64] In tribute to the King's 64-year tenure as Prince of Wales, a liturgical section of the ceremony will be performed in Welsh in the form of Paul Mealor's "Coronation Kyrie" which will be sung by Sir Bryn Terfel.[65] Debbie Wiseman created the two-part composition "Alleluia (O Clap your Hands)" and "Alleluia (O Sing Praises)", while Andrew Lloyd Webber composed a new coronation anthem, "Make a Joyful Noise", based on Psalm 98.[65] Other new compositions include "Coronation Sanctus" by Roxanna Panufnik and "Agnus Dei" by Tarik O'Regan.[65] Greek Orthodox music will also be included in the service in tribute to the King's ancestry and his late father, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.[63]

The choir for the coronation will be a combination of the choirs of Westminster Abbey, the Chapel Royal, Methodist College Belfast, and Truro Cathedral.[64][65] The Ascension Choir, a gospel choir, will also perform during the service.[64] The orchestra players will be drawn from Charles's patronages, including the Philharmonia Orchestra, Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, BBC National Orchestra of Wales, Regina Symphony Orchestra, English Chamber Orchestra, Scottish Chamber Orchestra, Royal Opera House Orchestra, and Welsh National Opera Orchestra.[64][65] The orchestra will be conducted by Sir Antonio Pappano and led by Vasko Vassilev.[65] Sir John Eliot Gardiner will conduct a programme of choral music consisting of the Monteverdi Choir and English Baroque Soloists before the service.[63][64] The State Trumpeters of the Household Cavalry and the Fanfare Trumpeters of the Royal Air Force will play the fanfares.[64]

The Official Album of the Coronation will feature all the music and spoken word from the event, including Andrew Lloyd Webber's coronation anthem titled "Make A Joyful Noise". Available digitally on the day, the complete album will be over four hours long. A physical version of the record will then be released globally from 15 May, with a special Deluxe Collectors CD and vinyl to follow from Decca Records.[66][67]

Guests

Main article: List of guests at the coronation of Charles III and Camilla

There were approximately 2,200 guests invited to the coronation, including dignitaries from 203 countries.[68] Invitees include members of the royal family, representatives from the Church of England, prominent politicians from the UK and the Commonwealth, and foreign heads of state and royalty.[69] As with prior coronations, many attendees will be seated in the side chapels of Westminster Abbey, rather than the principal nave.[70]

The number of political attendees has been reduced significantly. In 1953, 800 MPs and over 900 peers were invited, virtually the entire Parliament of the United Kingdom. However, the decision to not erect scaffolding in the Abbey for Charles's coronation significantly reduced the seating available for the ceremony.[71] Buckingham Palace considered inviting as few as 20 MPs and 20 peers,[72] but an outcry from MPs and peers prompted those numbers to more than double, with the Cabinet Office making final decisions on who is invited.[73] Cabinet ministers' spouses were not invited, angering some ministers.[74]

On the government's advice, the King prohibited invited peers from wearing of coronets, coronation robes and court uniform, except for those who are performing specific ceremonial roles. Invited peers may wear business suits or parliamentary ermine robes typically worn for State Openings of Parliament instead.[75][70]

Invitations were extended to 850 community and charity representatives, including 450 British Empire Medal recipients and 400 young people; half of whom were nominated by the British government.[76]

One hundred chairs made for the congregation will be auctioned after the ceremony, and the proceeds will be donated to charity.[43]

Public celebrations

Over 3,300 public events and 526 private street parties were registered on the British government's official coronation website, which are scheduled to take place across the UK, the Commonwealth, and various other locations worldwide.[77]

In April 2023, Buckingham Palace revealed a new hashflag emoji depicting St Edward's Crown for use on Twitter.[78]

United Kingdom

File:Flag Celebrating the Coronation of King Charles III in Bexley High Street.jpg
A Union Jack defaced with the coronation emblem in the High Street at Bexley, London
A postbox topper to mark the coronation in Goddington, south London

On 2 May, the King and Queen attended a celebratory pre-coronation reception at Westminster Hall.[79] They are due to host coronation garden parties at Buckingham Palace on 3 and 9 May and at the Palace of Holyroodhouse on 4 July.[80][81] On 5 May, the King will attend a Commonwealth Heads of Government meeting and garden reception at Marlborough House, and host governors-general and realm prime ministers for lunch at Buckingham Palace. In the evening, the King and Queen will host a reception for foreign royalty and other overseas dignitaries at the Palace.[82]

On 7 May, the Big Lunch team at the Eden Project is organizing the "Coronation Big Lunch", an event that will encourage people throughout the UK to host Big Lunches and street parties.[12] Coronation quiche was chosen by Charles and Camilla as the official dish of the Coronation Big Lunch.[83] More than 3,000 street parties are planned in the UK, with English councils having approved the closure of 3,087 roads, covering a distance of 263 miles (423 km). Most street parties have been scheduled for Sunday, with 62 per cent of all registered parties set to take place on that day.[77]

The "Coronation Concert" will be held on the same day at Windsor Castle's East Lawn.[12][33] In addition to performances by singers, musicians, and stage and screen actors, the show will also feature "The Coronation Choir" composed of community choirs and amateur singers such as Refugee choirs, NHS choirs, LGBTQ+ singing groups, and deaf signing choirs.[12][33] The BBC will produce, stage, and broadcast the event. A national ballot was held between 10 and 28 February to distribute 5,000 pairs of free tickets for the public based on the geographical spread of the UK population.[12][84] Volunteers from the King and Queen's charities will also be among the audience.[12] The Coronation Concert will also feature performances from artists including Lionel Richie, Katy Perry, Andrea Bocelli, Sir Bryn Terfel, Freya Ridings, Alexis Ffrench, Take That, Paloma Faith, Tiwa Savage, Steve Winwood, Lang Lang, Nicole Scherzinger, Olly Murs, Pete Tong, and Sonam Kapoor.[85][86] Tom Cruise, Dame Joan Collins, Winnie-the-Pooh, Sir Tom Jones, Bear Grylls, and Oti Mabuse will appear in a series of pre-recorded sketches and segments.[86] Several musical performers – including Sir Elton John, Adele, Harry Styles, Robbie Williams, and the Spice Girls – reportedly turned down the palace's invitation to perform, citing scheduling conflicts.[87]

A public holiday was declared on 8 May to commemorate the coronation.[88] On the same day, the Together Coalition, in partnership with The Scout Association, the Royal Voluntary Service, and various faith groups, is organising the Big Help Out initiative to encourage volunteering and community service.[12][33]

The Royal Voluntary Service, of which Camilla is president, launched the Coronation Champions Awards which will recognise a diverse group of 500 volunteers nominated by members of the public.[89][90] The pubs will also remain open for an extra two hours until 1 am on the coronation weekend.[91]

The Royal Mint released a new collection of coins, which includes a 50p and £5 coin and depicts the King wearing the Tudor Crown.[92] Royal Mail issued four stamps to mark the King's coronation. The four stamps depict Britain's cultural diversity, Commonwealth and sustainability. Presented in a miniature sheet, it is only the third occasion in history that Royal Mail has issued coronation stamps, the previous two being for King George VI and Queen Elizabeth II. Royal Mail will also be applying a special postmark from 28 April to 10 May, to mark the event, which reads: Coronation of Their Majesties King Charles III and Queen Camilla 6 May 2023.[93]

The Royal Collection Trust has released official coronation memorabilia to mark the occasion.[94][95] In February 2023, Buckingham Palace announced it would temporarily relax the "rules governing the commercial use of royal photographs and official insignia" to allow other groups to produce coronation memorabilia.[96] Companies that have produced coronation memorabilia include Emma Bridgewater, Jan Constantine, Merrythought, Royal Crown Derby, and Greene King.[94][97] In addition, in May, Greene King will auction several unopened crates of a special brew created for the cancelled coronation of Edward VIII in 1937, with proceeds from the auction going to the The Prince's Trust.[97]

To mark the coronation, Natural England announced the creation of the King's Series of National Nature Reserves which will see five major national nature reserves named every year for the next five years.[98][99]

Crown Dependencies

A public holiday was declared on 8 May in Guernsey, the Isle of Man, and Jersey.[100][101][102] As in the UK, Big Help Outs will also be organised in all three Crown Dependencies on the day of the holiday.[33][103][104]

The states of Guernsey has planned four days of events to celebrate the coronation, from 5 to 8 May. A vigil will be held on 5 May at Forest Methodist Church to reflect on the coronation's spiritual element. On 6 May, bells will ring from Town Church, Vale, Forest, and St Pierre du Bois on Coronation Day, 6 May. A live broadcast of the coronation service will be played on a large screen at the King George V Sports Ground (KGV), followed by a military parade from Fort George to the Model Yacht Pond. A 21-gun salute will be fired at noon from Castle Cornet as part of the national salute. A Coronation Big Lunch will be held at Saint Peter Port seafront on 7 May, along with a service of Thanksgiving at the Town Church. On the evening of 7 May, the Coronation Concert will be screened live at the KGV, and several buildings including Castle Cornet and Fort Grey will be illuminated in red, white, and blue in the evening.[105]

Jersey has planned several events over three days to celebrate the coronation. On 6 May, Coronation Park will host an event that includes a large-screen broadcast of the coronation, musical entertainment, and activities. Licensed establishments are encouraged to open ahead of the ceremony's broadcast, and seventh category licensed establishments may apply for special extensions to stay open until 3 am on 7 May. On 7 May, the Coronation Big Lunch will take place in Liberation Square, and a public screening of the coronation concert will be held there.[103][106]

The Isle of Man government has organised three days of festivities from 6 to 8 May to celebrate the coronation of Charles III, Lord of Mann. A Coronation Event Fund was established to assist local authorities, community groups, and charities help finance celebrations. Commemorative events planned on the Isle of Mann include the Biosphere Bee Community Picnic on 7 May. The Legislative Buildings in Douglas will also be lit up on 7 May, as a part of the British 'Lighting up the Nation' initiative.[104][107] A collection of 12 Isle of Man stamps featuring photos of Charles and Camilla, portraits of the King, and the royal cypher were also released in April 2023.[108]

British Overseas Territories

Several events are planned in Bermuda for the coronation weekend. A commemorative tree planting and the opening of a Coronation Garden, designed to reflect Prince Charles's work in support of the environment and sustainable farming, will take place at Bermuda Botanical Gardens on 6 May. On 7 May, a service of Thanksgiving will be held at the Cathedral of the Most Holy Trinity.[109] On 8 May, the Children's Reading Festival will take place to recognise Camilla's commitment to literacy, particularly for young people.[110] A public holiday was declared in Bermuda, in addition to the Cayman Islands on 8 May.[88]

Celebrations in the Falkland Islands include a children's fancy dress party, a live music and karaoke event for young adults, as well as The Big Lunch and The Big Help Out.[111] In Gibraltar, festivities will take place on 3 May, including a parade of British Forces Gibraltar and essential services, garden and street parties, and concerts. The coronation will also be broadcast live at Grand Casemates Square.[112]

Canada

A national ceremony to mark the coronation and to celebrate Charles III's reign as king of Canada will be televised on 6 May.[113][114] The event will take place at Sir John A. Macdonald Building in Ottawa and will feature speeches by Algonquin spiritual leader Albert Dumont and aerospace engineer Farah Alibay. Performers at the ceremony include Eagle River Singers, Sabrina Benaim, Florence K, Inn Echo, and the Ottawa Regional Youth Choir.[114] During the event, Dominic Laporte will spray-paint piece thematically linked to flowers, as an homage to Charles's support for the environment.[115] There are also plans to unveil several items related to Charles at the event, including the first Canadian stamp with an image of the King by Canada Post, as well as updated emblems created by the Canadian Heraldic Authority to represent the change in reign.[114] As a part of the coronation celebration, the official Canadian portrait of Charles III will be unveiled in May.[116][117]

On the same day as the national ceremony, a 21-gun salute will be carried, and a performance by the Central Band of the Canadian Armed Forces will take place at Parliament Hill.[114] Several Royal Canadian Legion branches will host a reception to mark the coronation on 6 May.[118][119]

A national initiative to illuminate landmarks in emerald green is planned across Canada on 6 and 7 May. Additionally, on these same dates, guided tours will be offered at Rideau Hall, the official residence of the monarch and governor general of Canada.[116] The Central Band of the Canadian Armed Forces will also perform at Rideau Hall during the coronation weekend.[114]

The Department of Canadian Heritage has provided C$257,000 to the Royal Canadian Geographical Society to produce educational material on the King's links with Indigenous peoples in Canada and his tours of the country.[114] These materials will be made available for use in Canadian schools. During the coronation weekend, the Society will also distribute a special edition of Canadian Geographic about the King at events in Ottawa.[120] Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada has also approved the use of a special call sign in Canada for amateur radio operators to use from 5 May to 2 June to the mark the occasion.[121]

Charles approved the designs of two coronation medallions for use in Canada, which were struck by the Canadian Heritage Mint. The first design features an effigy of Charles III wearing the Imperial State Crown and Royal Cypher, while the second design features an effigy of Charles and Camilla. The reverse of both medallions feature a wreath of six Canadian maple leaves representing past coronations, with St. Edward's Crown as the central motif.[122]

Provincial celebrations

Events have been planned by the offices of provincial lieutenant governors and several provincial governments. Flag-raising ceremonies for the coronation flag will also take place at several provincial Government Houses and legislative buildings on 6 May.[117][123][124][125]

Lieutenant governors and territorial commissioners have organised events that include exhibitions, military parades, and tree plantings to commemorate the occasion.[116][114] Lieutenant governors of British Columbia, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Saskatchewan will host events at their respective Government Houses on 6 May.[117][123][126][127][128][129] Additional events to mark the coronation are also planned at Government House, Nova Scotia on 2 May and 22 June, at Government House, Saskatchewan on 7 and 13 May, and at Government House, British Columbia.[126] The event on 13 May will feature a debut musical performance by Jeffery Straker, who has composed a new song for the coronation.[129]

Lieutenant governors will also partake in other events, with the Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia also attending private events to mark the occasion.[117] The Lieutenant Governor of Ontario will mark the coronation by hosting a virtual panel with the Empire Club of Canada on 5 May, and opening the Lieutenant Governor's Suite at the Ontario Legislative Building to the public as a part of Doors Open Toronto on 27 and 28 May.[124] The Lieutenant Governor of Alberta will also host an event to mark the coronation on 13 May, at the University of Alberta Botanic Garden.[130]

Other public celebrations include events organised by the governments of Saskatchewan and Manitoba, the former at the Saskatchewan Legislative Building on 5 May, and the latter at the Manitoba Legislative Building on 6 May.[131][132] The government of Ontario will also host a fair at Queen's Park in Toronto, and offer free admission to provincially-owned attractions and 39 provincial parks on the date of the coronation.[124][133] A program by the government of Newfoundland and Labrador to distribute seedlings from the Wooddale Provincial Tree Nursery to the public will be launched on 6 May to honour Charles's focus on environmentalism.[134]

Several coronation concerts have also been organised. The Office of the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario has initiated a six-part coronation concert series for long-term care homes from April to May.[124] Several places will also host concerts during the coronation weekend, including the Cathedral Church of St James in Toronto, Christ Church Cathedral in Victoria, and Knox-Metropolitan United Church in Regina.[124][126][131]

Australia

To mark Charles III's coronation as king of Australia, buildings and monuments across the country will be illuminated in royal purple on 6 and 7 May. A flag notice will also be issued, urging the display of the flag of Australia, the Australian Aboriginal Flag, and the Torres Strait Islander Flag.[135] On 7 May, the Australian Defence Force will fire a 21-gun salute from the forecourt of Parliament House, followed by a flypast by the Royal Australian Air Force over Canberra.[136] The Australian government has also made a A$10,000 donation in King's name to a charity working to conserve the Western Ground Parrot, as an official "coronation gift" to Charles.[137]

Government Houses in Australia will be open for the public to commemorate the event. On 6 May, Government House, Brisbane and Government House, Melbourne will host an open house, while Government House, Darwin will host a performance by the band of the 1st Brigade.[138][139][140] Government House, Sydney will host a garden reception and tree planting on 6 May and an open house on 7 May, while Government House, Adelaide will host an open house on 21 May.[141][142] Government House, Perth, has also announced plans to celebrate the coronation from 2 to 8 May.[143] In addition to an open house, Government House, Melbourne will also host a coronation reception after the date of the coronation.[139]

The Australian Monarchist League (AML) will host several low key events and screenings of the coronation on 5 and 6 May, including in Adelaide, Brisbane, Melbourne, Perth, and Sydney.[144][145] The AML opted to not to organize street parties over concerns that they may be disrupted by republican protesters.[144]

New Zealand

A national event featuring performances will be held at the Auckland Domain on 7 May to celebrate the coronation of Charles III as king of New Zealand, while the New Zealand Defence Force will perform a gun salute at Devonport and Point Jerningham in Wellington on the same day.[146][147]

Several other public services and private groups have also organized commemorative events. The New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts will hold a special exhibition to mark the coronation from 21 April to 21 May. The exhibition will feature works from 68 practising artists and pieces belonging to the Royal New Zealand Navy.[148] Libraries in South Taranaki will host coronation events from 1 to 6 May. The Wellington Cathedral of St Paul will also hold a coronation festival from 5 to 7 May.[147]

Trees That Count and the Department of Conservation have planned a tree planting campaign to commemorate the occasion. The New Zealand Government provided NZ$1 million to Trees that Count as a gift to mark the coronation and support the planting of 100,000 trees by local councils during the coronation weekend.[146] The campaign was launched on 26 April by various parliamentarians, such as the Prime Minister Chris Hipkins and opposition leader Christopher Luxon, at a tree planting ceremony held on the grounds of Parliament House, Wellington.[149]

The NZ Post will release commemorative coins and stamps on 3 May to mark the occasion.[150] An initiative to illuminate landmarks in purple will also take place in Auckland, Hawera, and Wellington on 6 May.[146][147]

Antigua and Barbuda

Events to mark the coronation of Charles as the king of Antigua and Barbuda will take place in St. John's during the coronation weeknd. On 6 May, a parade featuring the Antigua and Barbuda Defence Force (ABDF), Girl Guides, Boy Scouts, Boys and Girls Brigades, Duke of Edinburgh Award, Seventh Day Adventist Pathfinder, and Cadet Corps, will march off from the Multipurpose Cultural Centre to Government House. At Government House, a ceremony featuring performances by the ABDF Band, Salvation Army Timbralists, SDA Parthfinders Drum Corps and a campfire will be lit to mark the occasion. On 7 May, a service of Thanksgiving to mark the coronation will take place at the St John's Pentecostal House of Restoration Ministries.[151]

Vanuatu

The Kastom people who worship Prince Philip on the Vanuatuan island of Tanna, will mark the coronation of his son. Events are planned in the villages of Yakel and Yaohnanen throughout 6 May, including a flag-raising ceremony of the Union Jack, and drinking and dancing. Around 5,000 to 6,000 people will gather to celebrate, with an additional 100 chiefs expected to attend.[152]

Coverage

The BBC suspended the television licence fee for the coronation weekend, so venues may screen the coronation on 6 May, and the coronation concert the next day, without needing to buy a TV licence.[153] The Department for Culture, Media and Sport announced that the event will be shown on big screens across 57 locations in the UK, including in Hyde Park, Green Park and St James's Park.[62]

Media outlets in the UK, Australia, Canada, France, New Zealand and the United States will broadcast the coronation live. Several broadcasters in those countries will provide coverage on the occasion throughout the coronation weekend.[154][155][156]

Reactions

Public opinion

In April 2023, YouGov conducted multiple surveys in the UK related to the coronation. One survey carried out on 13 April revealed that 46 per cent of British adults were likely to watch the coronation. However, another survey conducted on the same day found that only 33 per cent of the respondents cared about the coronation of King Charles.[157] A subsequent YouGov survey conducted five days later found that 51 per cent of Britons believed that the coronation should not be financed by taxpayers.[158] Another poll of young British people found that 70% were "not interested" in the Royal Family or the coronation.[159]

Protests

The British republican advocacy group, Republic, has planned protests during the coronation, with the group's chief executive, Graham Smith calling the coronation an antiquated "celebration of hereditary power and privilege".[160] The organisation anticipates the protest will be "the first time a big royal event has been directly covered by a larger protest", with around 1,200 individuals having pledged to attend their upcoming protest at Trafalgar Square. The protest is planned to occur near the statue of Charles I, with smaller groups of one to three people spread throughout the procession route.[161] Republic has encouraged participants to wear yellow during the protest.[161][162]

Pro-Scottish independence and republican marches are scheduled to take place in both Edinburgh and Glasgow on the day of the coronation. Scottish advocacy groups participating in the marches include All Under One Banner in Glasgow, and the Radical Independence Campaign and Our Republic in Edinburgh. The latter group also plans to promote the Declaration of Calton Hill during its march.[163] The Welsh republican advocacy group, Cymru Republic, has also announced plans to stage a protest on 6 May in Cardiff, with a march planned from the statue of Aneurin Bevan to Bute Park.[164]

In April 2023, the Deputy Prime Minister of the UK, Oliver Dowden, was briefed by police and received intelligence reports that protestors may attempt to sabotage the coronation by using whistles to startle the horses walking in the procession.[165][166] Republic has announced that its demonstrations on 6 May would not be disruptive, although authorities fear other organisations or lone demonstrators may attempt to disrupt the event. To deter any potential disruptions during the event, security services from across the UK have deployed a large number of physical barriers, armed officers, and police drones in London.[167] Additional units of the UK Counter Terrorism Defence Mechanism will also be placed on standby to support security services.[168] Extensive security planning had been ongoing for several years leading up to the coronation as part of Operation Golden Orb.[167]

Removal of the Stone of Scone

The Stone of Scone is carried out from Edinburgh Castle in preparation for its use in the Coronation

In October 2022, an online petition was signed by hundreds of individuals, calling for the Stone of Scone to remain in Edinburgh Castle for the coronation ceremony.[169] Alex Salmond, the leader of the Alba Party and former first minister of Scotland, suggested in March 2023 that the Scottish Government ought to prevent the stone from being taken to London, despite Historic Environment Scotland having already announced the move.[170]

Despite this objection, the Stone of Scone was moved on 28 April 2023 to London for the coronation. It left Edinburgh Castle with the First Minister of Scotland Humza Yousaf, in attendance as the keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland, as well as the Lord Lyon King of Arms.[171]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ King Harold Godwinson was almost certainly crowned at the newly consecrated Westminster Abbey in January 1066; although, this is not specifically confirmed by any contemporary source.[2] If Harold's coronation is included, this will be the 41st at the abbey.

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Bibliography

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