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May 30

Thin Condoms Vs. Regular Condoms

Extra sensitive, thin condoms claim to be just as reliable at preventing pregnancy as normal condoms. But this just doesn't seem to make sense. Isn't it common sense, that if something is less thick, it has a higher chance of breaking or tearing? For example Durex Extra Sensitive Condoms say they are 20% thinner than normal. How can it be 20% thinner and keep the same durability? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.7.126.152 (talk) 05:43, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

I don't know the answer to your question, but it's conceivable that the thinner condoms are made out of a better and more expensive grade of latex, so that all you sacrifice by buying the thinner ones is cost. But are you sure they claim to be just as reliable? I looked on the Durex website, and all I see is a claim that Extra Sensitive still gives you "the protection you need." All that really means to me is that it still meets some basic standard, not that it's necessarily just as reliable. --Allen (talk) 05:56, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Our condom article says the pregnancy rate is typically 10–18%. Using plenty of lubricant wll reduce the chances of tearing. And FWIW I find that ribbed condoms are better for increased sensation than the so-called extra sensitive ones.--Shantavira|^{feed me} 09:15, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

I find it hard to believe that a device with a failure rate of 18% is still considered an effective form of contraception. I wouldn't buy a pair of shoes if there was an 18% chance they were going to leak. DJ Clayworth (talk) 18:10, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

It's worth noting that the 18% failure rate doesn't come from condoms breaking, but from improper use. The article also says, "With proper knowledge and application technique—and use at every act of intercourse—users of male condoms experience a 2% per-year pregnancy rate." The typical failure rate apparently includes things like the couple not using a condom every time the have sex, which is, well, a kind of a no-brainer. Personally, I've never had a condom break, slip off or otherwise malfunction. -- Captain Disdain (talk) 19:52, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

According to this [1] breakage and slippage may be of primary concern in a small group of users. While failing to use a condom consistently is obviously a problem, I suspect improper usage which may result in breakage and slippage is just as much of a problem. Evidentally "not living with partner" is significantly associated with increase breakage or slippage. Condoms is one area where size does matter Nil Einne (talk) 07:16, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Oh, other issues absolutely contribute to the condom failure rate, yes. I wasn't trying to claim otherwise. I was just saying that the 18% failure rate shouldn't be taken at face value, because it includes situations where condoms weren't used at all. (That's really misleading, too, incidentally; I'm not sure it's doing the article any favors.) -- Captain Disdain (talk) 10:56, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Birds and hot chips

moved to the science desk here[2] where our resident gull specialist hangs out

indian nationality

it's written here in wiki that -

Citizenship by Birth Any person born in India on or after 26 January 1955 but prior to the commencement of the 1986 Act on 1 July 1987 was a citizen of India by birth. A person born in India on or after 1 July 1987 was a citizen of India if either parent was a citizen of India at the time of the birth. Those born in India on or after 3 December 2004 are considered citizens of India only if both of their parents are citizens of India or if one parent is a citizen of India and the other is not an illegal migrant at the time of their birth.

does this mean that someone who was born before 26 january 1955 isn't a citizen of india? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 122.50.248.96 (talk) 09:56, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

No. Anyone domiciled in India in 1949 and born in India is a citizen, for example, under Part II of the constitution (which also grants citizenship to a bunch of other people). I'm not sure what the status is for people born after the constitution was passed but before the 1955 citizenship law. Algebraist 10:16, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

I said thanks to a ticket machine

This question has been removed. The questioner is a sockpuppet of an abusive pagemove vandal/troll. Please see Special:Contributions/Matt the barber. ~AH1^(TCU) 21:05, 6 June 2008 (UTC)

 -->

Lending money

I confess, I really am in a tizz. You see, the thing is, I lent my friend (of many many years, not some geezer I spoke to in a pub)some money and now he won't pay me back. Alright it's not a fortune but its the principle of the matter. My friend won't return my phone calls or emails so I sent him a letter, recorded delivery, and he still ignores my requests. Now, I have little option but to consider going to the police. Grassing on your mates doesn't sit easy with me but in my opinion, my friend who won't pay me is the real Judas in this affair. I have emailed him to say that he has 24 hours to pay or I go to the old bill. This whole matter is bang out of order, and I have considered going to my doctors for anti depressants. Any advice (not legal or medical of course) on what I should do? Abwischbar (talk) 10:20, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Consider that this sort of loan may not be enforceable by the police. I'd think small claims court a more appropriate venue. — Lomn 13:05, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

I don't remember who said it, but I've always like the quote. "If you lend someone $20, and never see that person again; it was probably worth it." Principle is one thing, but if the amount is fairly insignificant...it might just be money well spent. --Onorem♠Dil 13:15, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Perhaps a piece of advice and a joke will cheer you up. The advice: when lending money, have the borrower write you a check for the amount, but post-dated to when they agree to repay you. When the day comes, just go cash the check; they probably have the money and just have better things to spend it on than paying back loans. If they don't have the money, a check is more legally enforceable than a verbal agreement. The joke: two friends were walking down a dark alley when a man with a gun tells them to hand over their wallets. As one of the men is handing his over, he takes out a twenty-dollar bill and gives it to his friend, saying "hey, here's that money I owed you". :) --Sean 13:51, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

I agree the principle of the matter is a lot more important than the need for the money. When I borrow from friends, I make damn sure I pay them back as soon as I can. If I've loaned some small amount to a friend, I'll give them several opportunities to pay me back without me asking, and then I'll start dropping hints. It's never failed me yet.

After that, I think the general rule of advice here is: If it's a small amount (say, £20 or less) then give up on it and just don't loan to them again. If they do ask again, just remind them of the previous loan. If it's a substantial amount (say, several hundred), then maybe you should seek the advice of a solicitor. If it's something in between, then you'll need to weigh up what's more important - your money or your friendship. Astronaut (talk) 17:10, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

But then you'd have to wonder what sort of friendship it is where your "friend" borrows money from you, and promises to pay it back (which is, after all, the definition of borrowing, as opposed to a donation), but then doesn't come to the party. He may as well have come into your house and stolen it. Maybe he's skint and can't pay right now, but at least he could say so and negotiate a new payment date or some suitable repayment arrangement. To simply avoid any contact with you is not the hallmark of a friend, in my book. So, you have nothing to lose by taking legal action, and everything to gain (assuming the cost of the action doesn't outweigh the amount that's recoverable). I don't see how the quantum of the loan has anything to do with the principle involved here. There again, your "friend" appears to have a hazy concept of principle, but that's no reason why you should have to be the victim here. -- JackofOz (talk) 17:53, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Lord Polonius, is that you? "For loan oft loses both itself and friend"... --98.217.8.46 (talk) 20:25, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

We don't give legal advice. But don't waste your effort going to the police! They have no more to do with this than your doctor or your milkman. If you want to pursue it, go to a solicitor or try a Citizens Advice Bureau. --ColinFine (talk) 22:22, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Bumblebees

Hi, I posted this earlier but it looks like it has been lost in the system. I am an artist and I'd doing an exhibition in the new few weeks. The piece I'm working on involves a bee. I had a bee, but it seems to have got lost. I it on a windowsill, but I wouldn't want to kill one, and I didn't kill mine, so if anyone knows good places to find dead bumblebees, in good condition, then please tell me. Many thanks. Thiagara (talk) 11:22, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Have a look at the Bumblebee article where you will find about a dozen pictures of (live) bumblebees. Also click on the link to Commons at the very bottom of that article, where you will be taken to hundreds more pictures. I know you wanted a real one but I'm sure the pics will help. Best Wishes- Adrian Pingstone (talk) 11:45, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Had you considered googling beekeepers or honey farms in your local area - they would probably have a fair few they could offer you -russ (talk) 22:42, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Windows are your best bet. Try looking in your neighbors greenhouses, where bees might have gone in and gotten trapped. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Clingfilm clive (talk • contribs) 15:08, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Girl in the photograph

I'm looking to trace a girl from an old photograph, taken in 1918. It was taken during the commemorations the end of the first world war. We were stood in the same street, a sepia tinge to your skin, you had nearly every inch of your body covered in excessively thick garments. Your perfect deportment was only marred slightly by the vague air of tuberculosis. I was the bow-legged gentleman with rickets. If she is still alive, how can I get in touch with her? Eff wone (talk) 13:51, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Craigslist missed connections? --Sean 13:54, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

She's probably hanging out with the goldfish and the bumblebee. They're having a ball on some money they loaned and never paid back. -- Captain Disdain (talk) 14:10, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Maybe, though their arses might be numb from the hard seats on the bus! JohnComputer17 (talk) 14:21, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

It depends on which country the photo was taken in. Whilst Craigslist might be useful in the San Francisco bay area or New York, I doubt a 90+ londoner would be as familiar with Craigslist. How about trying the local paper instead - sounds like a great "human interest" story a paper might love to publish. 17:18, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Sounds nothing like a great "human interest" story. Sounds like a fucking idiotic load of fiction. Does any seriously believe that a 108-year-old man is trying to get back in touch with a woman he hasn't seen for 90 years through the Wikipedia Reference Desk? This sort of crap should be deleted on sight. Malcolm XIV (talk) 18:27, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Whilst it's likely he's a troll,I was assuming good faith here :-) Astronaut (talk) 18:43, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Good evening. All though its highly unlikely a ninety-year-old man is looking for his long lost Jane Doe. It might be possible that you look at some of your other old photos that might be from the same year. Look on the back of the photo to see any names and dates. But there are always two options on this one she is alive and will probably not remember you or the second one she is dead and had never made that ninety-year leap. Whatever the possibility, have a wonderful evening.Rem Nightfall (talk) 21:42, 30 May 2008 (UTC)Rem Nightfall

Whatever drollness may be assumed: the OP should be awarded an antique rusty barnstar with verdigris and barnacles for being the first supercentenarian rickety bow-legged trollOP to grace this referential desk. If, in mumblety years, anyone of us has the computer skills and keyboard aptitude of the ancient one, we can then cast the first stone. --Cookatoo.ergo.ZooM (talk) 22:22, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

And incarnated as an op who lost a goldfish called "Kenny". Time to put your t-specs on Cookatoo, Julia Rossi (talk) 01:49, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Its Hard to Part

Good evening sirs and ma'ams. I was just a bit curious. What would be the most productive way of stopping a drug addiction? Cause it seems, to me at least, that no matter how clean you are from a drug you are never clean. It always seems like that drug haunts you and your addiction may be subdued, but not entirely gone. So, what is the most productive way of stopping drug addiction? And, what would be the most productive way of never getting addicted again? One answer would be not to do the drug in the first place, but I am talking about those hopeless individuals. I hope I have asked a question that can be answered here. I hope you don't get trolled anymore, cause I quite like it here. Have a postively wonderful evening.Rem Nightfall (talk) 21:39, 30 May 2008 (UTC)Rem Nightfall

A good night to ye sir :-)! the best method I found, when studying Psychiatry a few years ago, was gradual withdrawal. Slowly reducing the dose of the drug (whatever it might be) over a month or two allowed the patient to adapt to abstinence and also avoided the nasty physical symptoms associated with the withdrawal of some drugs: Heroin and in many ways Alcohol. Drastic withdrawal can kill. Fribbler (talk) 23:01, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

As a seamless sequitur to user:Fribbler:

Rigor mortis. My favourite panacea for all minor ailments, including impotence. Mind you, I have not tried it yet, but, one day, the night will fall... --Cookatoo.ergo.ZooM (talk) 23:12, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Speaking from my own experience, I think that the only way for a person to overcome addiction is the person must be committed to overcoming it, and the person needs support from others. Fribbler is probably right that gradual withdrawal is the only safe way for drugs that involve a strong physical addiction. However, that kind of gradual withdrawal is probably beyond the ability of even the most iron-willed addicts to accomplish on their own. Because each new dose brings a nearly uncontrollable urge for more. I think that a person trying to accomplish such a gradual withdrawal would be best off in a residential detox program, where he or she can receive constant psychological support and where his or her substance intake is controlled by others. My drug of choice was marijuana, and it is certainly addictive, despite the claims of some that it isn't. Fortunately, the addiction does not have a strong physical component. For me, the only hope was cold turkey, quitting completely and finally. I experimented with keeping a cache of marijuana somewhat remote from my home (buried in some woods), such that getting more involved an inconvenient drive and then hike through the woods. But I found myself organizing evenings or weekends around that trip, and I found that the drug was still dominating my life and impairing me socially and professionally. So I resolved to stop completely. Fortunately, I was involved at the time in a therapy group, without whose support, I don't think I could have done it. I think a person needs emotional support from a person or a group that also holds him or her accountable. (This could be, but I think need not be, a twelve-step program.) For several months after my last marijuana high, I experienced periodic intense craving, but the need to face my therapy group and my own commitment kept me from giving in. For more than a year, intense cravings would occasionally recur, but I reminded myself of how much better my life had become without recourse to marijuana. Even today, more than three years later, I still have occasional cravings, but they are milder, and the improvement in my life since giving up marijuana has been so dramatic that I am not very tempted to use it again. 24.91.137.158 (talk) 00:53, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

I used to play an online game called Neveron, and one of the game's great players developed a crack cocaine habit. He claims he quit when he realised how much he could buy on Neveron for all the cash he was spending on drugs. -mattbuck (Talk) 18:19, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

Outstanding Young Woman of America Award

I received this award in 1979, but can't remember much about it. Do you know the name of the organization that gave this award, and if it is still in existance? The little I do remember is that you paid a fee to be listed in a book, and then you were sent a certificate (suitable for framing), and I always used the reference on my resumes with some interesting results!Torriekster (talk) 22:57, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

It appears to have been presented by the association of Outstanding Young Americans. But that's the only reference I can find for that organization. Corvus cornix_talk 23:29, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Hate to break it to you, but that's one of those vanity operations whose basic goal is selling you a book. --Orange Mike | Talk 14:49, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

While this was primarily a vanity operation, it did require the recipient be nominated and the nomination process was quite extensive.

May 31

Thoughts

How do we "hear" ourselfs think? That is kinda creepy... Thanks, 86.148.184.99 (talk) 00:14, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

The same way you can imagine what something looks like without actually seeing it through your eyes: your brain can activate the visual and auditory parts of it without stimulus, but it is not as vivid or "real" as actual stimulus. Hence the blind can usually visualize things in their head just as well as a sighted person, so I have heard. --98.217.8.46 (talk) 00:52, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

You can hear you inner voice, but that isn't the actual process of thinking. You don't hear the neurones firing for example. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Clingfilm clive (talk • contribs) 15:09, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Beef Prices

Where can I find the price of beef for highland cattle? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.119.61.7 (talk) 00:15, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

You could try Google or get in touch with your national Highland Cattle Association. Looks like it's considered high grade beef, Julia Rossi (talk) 07:41, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Blood type

Generally, what blood type to africans have? Also, asians? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.227.103.202 (talk) 01:54, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

This page has some figures. I'm not sure where the data are from or how reliable they are. -- Flyguy649 ^talk 04:29, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Jaw exercise (please don't delete)

This question has been removed. Per the reference desk guidelines, the reference desk is not an appropriate place to request medical, legal or other professional advice, including any kind of medical diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment recommendations. For such advice, please see a qualified professional. If you don't believe this is such a request, please explain what you meant to ask, either here or on the Reference Desk's talk page.

This question has been removed. Per the reference desk guidelines, the reference desk is not an appropriate place to request medical, legal or other professional advice, including any kind of medical diagnosis or prognosis, or treatment recommendations. For such advice, please see a qualified professional. If you don't believe this is such a request, please explain what you meant to ask, either here or on the Reference Desk's talk page. --~~~~

I've moved the OP's reply to the talk page.

Belatedly signing, seeing that SineBot has gone AWOL. --Milkbreath (talk) 17:53, 6 June 2008 (UTC)

Yahoo

I am trying to use yahoo email but I am finding it difficult. Is there any manul or online guide I could read? Many thanks. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Cosmickly (talk • contribs) 10:23, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Here is the Yahoo email help page. Is there anything in particular that you are having trouble with? - Akamad (talk) 10:58, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

This is a FAQ page that looks like its a relic from the good old' days http://docs.yahoo.com/docs/info/help.html In fact its dated 1994-98, I think yahoo might have forgotten about this one :) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Clingfilm clive (talk • contribs) 15:11, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

I use yahoo email on occasions. Is there something you are having particular difficulty with? Astronaut (talk) 13:05, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

The Human Brain

My Question:

Is the human brain a muscle or an organ? My husband and i are in a discussion about this and we would like to know the answer? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.209.20.51 (talk) 14:35, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

The brain is not a muscle. It is an organ. Algebraist 14:44, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Someone should add this to the brain article, as it doesn't say this anywhere. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Clingfilm clive (talk • contribs) 15:13, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

I have —Preceding unsigned comment added by Clingfilm clive (talk • contribs) 15:14, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Maybe someone should also say that it that it is not a bone either!!! Do we really have to cover all such options? Richard Avery (talk) 17:36, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

It could be cover in the definition. BTW, my penis is organ or a bone?

You might have a boner, but that doesn't mean your penis is a bone or contains any bones. It's made entirely of flesh, tissue and blood. Whales, on the other hand, are different. They and many other mammals have a penile bone called a baculum, surrounded by flesh, tissue and blood. -- JackofOz (talk) 11:58, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

It's not uncommon to hear people say that "the brain is a muscle", but I think this is almost never intended literally. It's one of those "higher truth" thingies. It is certainly true that cognitive performance can be improved through mental exercise, and that it will tend to degrade without it, and it may even be true that in some cases it's possible to "overtrain" (I seem to recall a study that suggested that some neural pathways could "burn out"), so it's a fairly good rough analogy. --Trovatore (talk) 18:58, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

If it's not made of muscle tissue, doesn't act like muscle, isn't listed in the muscle article, then it isn't a muscle. Btw, "muscle-head" gives a clue: being not-intelligent in the way of physical strength/intellect opposition. Julia Rossi (talk) 08:23, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

Two same website sources in a row

I've got two websites in my footnotes in my report, though both websites are the same. How do I reference the second instance? I'm using the MLA style. Would I just use "ibid"?--Richard (Talk - Contribs) 17:56, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Ibid. means, "the source is exactly the same as the previous". If that's the case, yes, use it. Not that it is Ibid. with a period (it is an abbreviation). --98.217.8.46 (talk) 20:20, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Just to clarify: did you mean "Note that it is Ibid. with a period" rather than "Not that it is..."? Cherry Red Toenails (talk) 05:32, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

This is a trick question, right? If you are "using the MLA style", you must at least have access to a copy of the MLA, and they absolutely hate ibid. Appendix A9 says to use a shortened form in subsequent references. --Milkbreath (talk) 11:57, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Post-OP TS refractory period

This is a genuine question and I am not a TROLL, NPOV or VANDAL.

When a post-OP transsexual from male to female has an orgasm, is the refractory period the same as when they were a guy or can they experience multiple orgasms as women sometimes do? Is the orgasm the same except for not ejaculating? 79.75.195.226 (talk) 17:57, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Theres a lot of info here (not for those who are squeamish) but I couldn't find anything specifically mentioning the refractory period. Then again I didn't bother reading it all! Fribbler (talk) 21:58, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Capitalism 3.0?

I've been reading Capitalism 3.0 - A guide to reclaiming the commons by Peter Barnes and came to the authority that answers all my questions, Wikipedia. Only I can't find anything here. Any suggestions on what to search for are very much appreciated! -- Dale E. Moore —Preceding comment was added at 18:02, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Could you give us an idea of what type of questions you want answered? Zain Ebrahim (talk) 18:09, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Does building trusts work? Are there any examples of failures and successes? What reasons are there to avoid building commons trusts? Are there better solutions to protecting the environment, future generations and non-human life? —Preceding unsigned comment added by DaleEMoore (talk • contribs) 18:42, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

I am now not eligible for the bright futures scholarhip, what do I do?

I got a notice that I am not eligible for the renewal of my bright futures scholarship because my GPA is too low (it is right below the limit of 2.75). I still need a year to finish by degree. What is the best course of action in this situation? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.171.42.135 (talk) 18:26, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Take out a student loan? Work part-time? Both? (That's what I did.) 24.91.137.158 (talk) 19:11, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Yeah, pretty much. You've gotten yourself into a fix, better buck up, take out some loans, start earning some money. --98.217.8.46 (talk) 20:19, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

I'm surprised that nobody has suggested that you talk to your lawyer doctor advisor yet. Your advisor should be able to give you information on scholarships that you may still qualify for. They may also be able to give you information on businesses that would hire you on a part time basis until you finish your degree and then bump you up to full time once your degree is finished. In short, talk to your advisor, dean, counselor, or whatever your school refers to them as. Dismas|^(talk) 22:02, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

That's true. I was assuming that with that low a GPA and this late in the game (most deadlines have probably passed) he/she would be out of luck (not to mention that the advisors have probably gone home for the summer), but if you can get in touch with them, give it a go. But coming at this in the beginning of June strikes me as a little too little time to secure serious funding by the fall. --98.217.8.46 (talk) 01:09, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

not sugary

Is there a legal difference between "sugarless" and "sugar-free"? I don't hear the first one much anymore. —Tamfang (talk) 20:49, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Per [3], "the label 'sugarless' food sometimes means that no sugar was added during processing, but these foods may not be sugar free. They may contain natural sweeteners, such as honey, molasses, evaporated cane sugar". It appears that the USFDA does regulate the use of 'sugarless' (as well as sugar-free, which is more straightforward). — Lomn 21:02, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

Interesting. So my five-pound bag of sugar is sugarless. And they wonder why I don't believe anything anymore. --Milkbreath (talk) 12:01, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Names of Guns

I know a lot of names of guns, from the M40A3 sniper rifle, to the M16A4 assault rifle. i would like to know what the "m" in front of the name of the gun means. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.101.1.186 (talk) 23:26, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

According to these sources [4][5][6] it stands for "Model" though all but the first is just people making an educated guess. Dismas|^(talk) 23:56, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

I don't know if it stands for anything, but it's simply the US military designation system. In the UK, the letter 'L' is used for the same purpose (L85, L98). Daniel (‽) 17:04, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

June 1

college rowing question?

how does the college rowing championship work in the NCAA system?Summonmaster13 (talk) 01:12, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

You'd think this (http://www.ncaa.org/wps/ncaa?ContentID=81) would help, but the Championships Handbook link appears to not work. Oddly, they seem to sanction only women's rowing. --Nricardo (talk) 02:01, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

Portable TV sets

WHAT DO WE DO WITH OUR D.C. POWERED PORTABLE T.V.'S AFTER THE DIGITAL SIGNAL CHANGEOVER IN JAN 09? THE CONVERTER BOXES ARE A. C. POWERED WHICH MAKES THEM NO LONGER PORTABLE. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.227.198.169 (talk) 03:12, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

The converter boxes are DC powered from an AC adapter, so in theory you could strap a battery pack to it and it will work just fine. Of course once you've got the tv, digibox, and battery pack to carry around it's not so portable. You're better off getting a portable digital tv.--Shantavira|^{feed me} 07:10, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

When it comes time to get rid of it, call up a local recycling center or even a local computer store. They will give you info on how to dispose of it. It'll be better for the environment if it doesn't end up in a landfill. A local computer store here (Small Dog Electronics) has an annual event that they advertise in all the papers asking people to drop off their e-waste to have it disposed of properly. They normally net several tons of equipment each year. See e-waste. Dismas|^(talk) 18:54, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

WHILE YOU'RE AT THE COMPUTER STORE YOU MIGHT WANT TO GET YOUR CAPS LOCK FIXED AS WELL Ziggy Sawdust 22:47, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

WELL MR. OR MS. Z. SAWDUST I LIKE BEING BIG AND BOLD. YOU MUST LIKE PUTTING OTHER PEOPLE DOWN TO MAKE YOURSELF FEEL BIG AND BOLD!!!! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.227.198.169 (talk) 02:39, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

24, please read Netiquette and Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines. All caps means that you're yelling which comes across as rude. Zain Ebrahim (talk) 11:18, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

YOU COULD BUY AN UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY AND TAKE IT WITH YOU WHEREVER YOU GO TO POWER THE ADAPTER SO YOU CAN WATCH YOUR PORTABLE TV SET. Edison (talk) 00:48, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

TARAN TARAN TRAGEDY

WHAT IS TARAN TARAN TRAGEDY 61.1.232.189 (talk) 12:31, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

Actual question transcribed from IP user's talk page by Angus Lepper^{(T, C, D)}

Some Googling gives lots (a few thousand) of results, but nothing actually talking about it. Interestingly, it's also shown as a 30-something 'hot trend' on Google Trends. Put it in quotes, though, and the results drop dramatically (10 unique results). I'm guessing it's probably a contrived internet meme of some sort. If I wasn't assuming good faith, I'd wonder if this question wasn't designed to further its spread. The only plausible possible reference is to the death of a Taron or Teron Francis who seems to have died in some circumstances that lead to a wrongful death suit being brought against a medical practice. For this, see [7] (CNN transcript; search 'Teron') and [8] (memorial website).Angus Lepper^{(T, C, D)} 15:06, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

ELL4

Could someone who knows the WJEC English exam board please tell me if the ELL4 paper on tuesday 3rd June will be Duchess of Malfi or spoken language. It is the ELL4 paper for A level English lit and lang in the UK. Thanks. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.75.241.52 (talk) 15:40, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

You want us to help you cheat on your exam?? I suggest you revise both, and be quick about it because you only have one more day. Astronaut (talk) 19:22, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

Rent deposit in the UK

What is the procedure to pay a security deposit for rent in the UK? Do you just give the landlord a check? 217.168.0.192 (talk) 16:17, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

Great Britain is a cash society,Landlords will sometimes require a cash deposit,(Usually half the monthly rent)and rent also paid in cash every 4 week period,NOT CALENDER MONTH. This way they also get more cash out of tenants on a yearly basis,than if a tenant paid monthly calender rent.Welcome to rip off Britain!!! Fluter. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 170.86.15.15 (talk) 14:46, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

You pay the landlord or letting agency. Due to large numbers of landlords unfairly keeping deposits, the government introduced a mandatory Tenency Deposit scheme in April 2007. It applies only for an Assured shorthold tenancy (which in practice, you will almost certainly be on one of these), and within 14 days you should hear from the landlord or agency about how your deposit is protected. See this site for all the information. Astronaut (talk) 19:19, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

"Due to large numbers of landlords unfairly keeping deposits" - not true! The bureaucracy was introduced to suck up to voters stereotype of the evil Victorian landlord. If you trash the place as a tenant, of course you won't get the deposit back. 80.2.200.148 (talk) 00:27, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Of course a tenant should not get their deposit back if they've trashed the place. However, on several occasions as a tenant, I have left a place in a much better (cleaner) state than it was when I moved in and still the letting agency has tried to keep the deposit. There probably wouldn't be the need for this "bureaucracy" if tenants were treated fairly in the first place. Astronaut (talk) 11:11, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

What reasons did they give for not returning the deposit - common reasons are cleaning being needed or a shortfall in rent. 80.0.108.118 (talk) 23:35, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

In my case, it's never been a rent shortfall. Usually they have wanted to bring in "professional" cleaners, when they clearly didn't bother doing that for the tenant before me (of if they did the so-called professionals did a particularly shoddy job). As a matter of pride, I have always left the place in a cleaner state than it was when I moved in, making a special effort to clean the kitchen and bathroom and vacuuming throughout. Astronaut (talk) 00:47, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Taxi transfers to Playa de Las Americas, Tenerife????????

We are a group of 3 adults and have just been looking on the Web for typical transfer prices from Reina Sofia to Las Americas and getting a bit confused. Some sites say we MUST pre-book (hard to believe), whilst others say we must pay anything between 20 euros and 80 euros per taxi per direction. Another site that sounds reasonable in all respects says 24 euros will secure a taxi and a Rep waiting to greet us. Any advice on this would be much appreciated. 92.3.27.116 (talk) 17:22, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

It's about 20 km, mostly along a motorway. Wikipedia's own Reina Sofía Airport article has a link to the official site which readily told me about bus and taxi options (suggesting a fare of around €21 one-way). This site has a breakdown of how the fare structure is supposed to work, suggests a fare of around €21 and indicates how to identify official taxis. But, my google search did reveal lots of tales of people being ripped off and various scams like claiming the meter's broken - if that happens, just get out again and get in the next taxi. Astronaut (talk) 19:54, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

Thanks Astronaut; that's much appreciated. I'll let you know what happened once we return - and thanks again. 92.9.148.165 (talk) 23:07, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Wide differences in cost of living

I'm in Egypt right now. I notice prices are much lower than in Jordan. Restaurants in particular are 2.5 times cheaper. (The kind of lower end restaurants locals go to.) The countries are similar in income. So what accounts for the differences in COL? I know gas is extremely cheap in Egypt. And Jordan has a massive water crisis. Can these two reasons explain the whole story?

I also remember Haiti being extremely expensive compared to many countries that were better off. I couldn't find a hotel for less than $30 and it was a prison cell where no tourists patronized. Also food was more expensive than in all countries.

I have never been to Indian but I've heard if you try hard you can live on $5/day. Gas prices are high in India too.

What gives?

Lotsofissues 17:30, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

Taxation perhaps? Culture also plays a role. In Ireland we have a similar GDP per capita to other european countries, if a bit higher. Yet the cost of a meal in a restaurant is eye-wateringly expensive. <Original Research> I believe this is because as opposed to say, Italy, we have no tradition of regularly going to restaurants and it's still a "luxury" for which we expect to pay a lot for and also lower levels of consumption mean less competition, further increasing cost and I'd say this is the case in your Haiti example above. I've noticed that effect in countries across Europe and Asia: smaller tourist industry/less visited leads to very high hotel prices. I hope some of this applies to your question. Fribbler (talk) 23:10, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

There is also the problem of differential pricing for tourists, where the locals pay much less than tourists do. If a rich tourist visits a poor country and is usually prepared to pay over $30 for a room, than that is the price for tourists, despite it being well over what any local could afford. However such pricing is usually frowned upon in countries heavily dependant on tourism (such as Egypt) and so enforcement by the police or local tourism body is much more likely. In less tourism dependant countries (such as Jordan or Haiti), the controls are either non-existant or not enforced. The same is also true of taxi fares (see the question immediately above) - tourists are a prime opportunity for taxi drivrs to rip them off. Astronaut (talk) 23:27, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

As a side note, I remember that when I visited the Tschechische Republik in 2001, differential pricing was official policy. Twice the price for "non-citizens" (in practice, western tourists) into government run attractions; and museums in Laos were the same when I was there. Fribbler (talk) 00:03, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Haiti being an island with having things to be shipped in anything to do with it?

June 2

Lawn care

Today I fertilized my lawn (st augustine grass). Then i watered it. Does anyone know how long before i see some results? (I live in a warm humid semi tropical environment-n. hemisphere) JeanLatore (talk) 00:29, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Hi JeanLatore, there's an article St. Augustine grass called Buffalo grass in Australia where I am, quoting: St. Augustine grasses will be in full bloom between springtime and summer and there are links to FAQ. Hope this helps, Julia Rossi (talk) 09:11, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

I can't speak for your grass in particular, but I find that each spring after I've fertilized my lawn, the "nitrogen" in the fertilizer (combined with adequate water) causes the lawn to become appropriately green within about a week and "heavy mowing season" commences within two weeks.

Atlant (talk) 00:53, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Consider yourselves lucky. Ah the watered lawns of yesteryear when water wasn't rationed. We're considering chives for the front yard, because food's still exempt. ;-S --76.111.32.200 (talk) 16:58, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Could you water if it's food for your sheep or rabbit? What about adding thyme in there. (And the days of those watered plastic slidey things on the grass in summer.) Julia Rossi (talk) 04:05, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Do horses enjoy being ridden?

I remember reading 19th. century literature where it takes an hour to capture a horse in a field before riding. In those days, when horses were almost the only transport, I can imagine they disliked having to trot or gallop very long distances.

But do modern horses, kept as a hobby, enjoy being ridden? They might like the variety or exercise. Do they still run away when being caught for riding, or do they approach the rider? 80.2.200.148 (talk) 00:34, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

It differs depending upon the horse, its temperament, the rider, their temperament, the relationship between the horse and rider and how much and how good the grass on the horses field is at the time. Parelli Natural Horsemanship is much about establishing a relationship with a horse where it will want to be with you. So the answer to your question is a "sometimes". -- SGBailey (talk) 12:00, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

I would say that a riding horse craves being ridden, in general, and sulks if ignored and left alone in the pasture. This certainly supposes it is not abused by bad riders. Edison (talk) 00:46, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

While I've had a pony who could take an hour to catch, most horses come to call.They asocciate being caught with food and grooming which they definately enjoy.Most horses I've ridden seem to enjoy it, many being very keen indeed and wanting to dash off as quickly as possible. The pony who didn't like being caught had been badly treated and was eventually cured.,Horses often get to know when you come to get them ,if it's a regular time and will be found hanging round the gate.86.53.80.11 (talk) 14:03, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Yunnan tractor/truck hybrid - any term for these?

Saw these many times while I was in Yunnan. Basically it is either a tractor engine modified to include a small truck cab and flatbed or to be controlled by handlebars. Does anyone know if this is a Yunnan-only thing or does it also occur elsewhere? It doesn't appear that a single manufacturer produces these - there are no unique markings that I recall seeing, and the truck cabs can come from any model that fits. --BrokenSphere^{Msg me} 01:28, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

It is similar to the Philippine Kuliglig.--Lenticel ^(talk) 02:00, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

I've seen them in Zhejiang, but I don't know the word for them. Steewi (talk) 02:09, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

One of my tourmates coined the term "trucktor", but I don't think this is definitive. BrokenSphere^{Msg me} 02:18, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

example 2 looks like a Rotary tiller (see the last image in the article), with the tines removed, adapted to tow a trailer. Mhicaoidh (talk) 03:09, 2 June 2008 (UTC)...and so does example 1, looking at the wheels.Did it have handlebars too? That flap to the cab looks like a flexible material that would allow handle bar type turning. Mhicaoidh (talk) 03:18, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

I see what you mean. However most examples don't have this sort of set up; the cab tended to be closer to the engine and they had steering wheels. Also they seem to be treated as registered vehicles, as the ones with cabs do have license plates. BrokenSphere^{Msg me} 04:30, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Feasibility of real life batman

I have always wanted to get rid of the drug dealers, pedophiles and other assorted criminals in my town and after reading the law concerning the citizens arrest for my jurisdiction - New York, it seems that it is possible to be a sort of real life "batman" figure. Assuming you have witnessed someone committing a crime and film it, you could legally arrest lawbreakers and bring them in with your evidence. My idea is to stake out drug dealers, film them making illegal transactions then arrest them. I had hope of getting a group of friends together, getting ourselves sufficiently armed (legally of course) and making such arrests. My question is: is this realistic? Does anyone have any input or recommendations? --Baalhammon (talk) 04:24, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Usually drug dealers are better armed and better trained than ordinary citizens. I suggest that you give the evidence to the police and let them handle the stake out.--Lenticel ^(talk) 04:40, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

You are assuming that the police aren't corrupt and actually care about the community, or even more pragmatically, can spare officers from the NARC unit. There have been drug dealers in my community since I can remember, and they operate out in the open, on mainstreet, flaunting their wares. I highly doubt a drug dealer would pull a gun on 6-7 armed guys unless he had a deathwish. This does bring up an interesting point though... if frisking a suspect would be legal under the citizens arres clause of NYS law.--Baalhammon (talk) 04:50, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Drug dealers are only a small part of a drug syndicate. As I said earlier they are better armed and better trained and your group wouldn't stand a chance if their boss feels like your group is damaging his business. In my country, there are many cases and stories where drug dealers and those who pursue them "disappear" and end up floating in some body of water so I'm pretty familiar with that corruption, spare men problem.--Lenticel ^(talk) 05:05, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

No it's a very very foolish idea. The police are trained professionals employed by local/national governemnt. Groups of vigilanties going round trying to 'enforce' the law, or trying to play the role of police are liable to create as much headaches for the police (and local communities) as the people they are trying to remove/catch already do. If you have information/evidence pass it to the police. If you believe they are corrupt then take it to a higher level, pass those concerns of corruption on to the media/other government offices. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.221.133.226 (talk) 10:00, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Batman is a Super Hero, what you're talking about is a gang of vigilantes and amateur cops. Consider that in a town the size of New York, even if you could do what you're planning (And I also think it's a very bad idea.) it would not make much of a difference. In a city the size of New York, adding one or two more cops would not make a noticeable difference to crime levels. Batman is able to make a difference not only because his crazy get-up and perceived immortality strikes fear into he hearts of men, but also because Batman has the advantage of having tremendous technological resources that he can bring to bear on difficult, high profile cases that the Gotham City PD can't crack. Finaly, the majority of Gotham City's crime problem seems to center around a remarkably small number of people, Batman has the skills and resources to go after super villains that the police department lacks.

Bruce Wayne is also idle rich. He's got plenty of spare time to spend crime-fighting. You've probably already got a job. Will your current boss let you take off time to spend in court? Not only as a witness against nearly everybody you bring in, but also in your own defense when the crooks inevitably bring all sorts of charges and civil suits against you. I suppose you could wear a mask and protect your identity in true superhero fashion, but that would probably cause even more problems. APL (talk) 13:15, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Also, being a vigilante is pretty illegal afaik. That is why we have the police despite corruption. There are departments within the police that investigate corruption even in the inner ranks, so that might be a start to vent your general frustration with the so called law. Sandman30s (talk) 14:36, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

I doubt that "being a vigilante" is itself a crime; what'll get you prosecuted is breaking & entering, or assailing/detaining someone whom you have not demonstrably caught in the act of a felony. On the other hand, if you avoid these traps, the gang with the badges are going to be irritated with you for "interfering", and irritating them is always a crime. —Tamfang (talk) 19:44, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Batman also seems to operate without the burden of proof for much of the time. Most of Batman's enemies seem to either conveniently confess, or conveniently die (usually in a Batman-assisted manner) and so don't have to go through the process of a trial. As well as his convenient immortality he seems to be conveniently infallible, never killing the wrong person to avenge some crime. If he made the occasional mistake the inhabitants of Gotham would be a lot less happy with him roaming the streets handing out his own brand of justice. DJ Clayworth (talk) 15:06, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Note that the presence of drug dealers does not mean the police have not been doing anything. Arrest a bunch, pat yourself on the back, two weeks better there'll be new ones there to take advantage of the market. It's a case of classic supply and demand. The market will replace them.

Even worse: it's harder and harder to build real, workable cases against drug syndicates. The ones actually in charge of the operation hide themselves further and further from the actual crimes committed, and use violence and intimidation to stop people from testifying against them. There was a nice article in the New York Times a few months ago about exactly how hard it was to clean up one notorious little area in Brooklyn; about the difficulty of prosecution, about the difficulty of arrests, etc. The guy you see on the street making the actual transactions is the lowest level of dealer, easily replaceable.

As for vigilantism—how exactly are you going to make you case stick? With a video tape? Going to be pretty hard to convince a jury (or judge) that the tape is legitimate, that it is what it says it is, unless you're willing to testify openly in court. And if you do that, you're a dead man. So what will that accomplish? --98.217.8.46 (talk) 15:11, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Good day sir. I have a better idea for you, why don't you try to become a police office yourself. Or my least plausible answer, find a watch that turns you into ten different aliens and quick druggies butts. Of course this would require you to change your name to something that rhymes with ten like Ren. Hope I have helped in some way or maybe even made you laugh. Have a positively wonderful day.Rem Nightfall (talk) 18:15, 2 June 2008 (UTC)Rem Nightfall

You might be interested in the Real-life superhero article. Our local alternative weekly paper, City Pages, did an article a few months ago about real-life superheroes. Some of the references and links might have some practical advice about how to go about doing your own investigations without being killed by drug kingpins. It's up to you to figure out what kind of superhero outfit you'd look good in, though. --Elkman ^(Elkspeak) 22:05, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Military officers in a number of countries had real live batmen or batwomen working for them. Some of them probably assisted from time to time in law enforcement, but others may have gone to the dark side by procuring women or black market goodies for their superiors. The comic book Batman had a servant Alfred Pennyworth who was considered "Batman's batman."Edison (talk) 00:43, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

can we soften hair by our own techniques?

Earlier my hair used to be soft & silky...it remains in whatever shape i comb it....but seeing my nephew i made an experiment with my hair...combing in a diffrent direction to finally make it curly. Now the curls are so strengthened that i can't make them lie down. They are always facing in random direction. Whatever is the issue now my hair is curly & ugly. I wanna make my hair soft as earlier. Put aside the silky nature first of all it's shape should be appealing. I went to a saloon & asked will u do that for me & he agreed to do that but charged such a huge amount that I can't afford. So what should I do to make my hair soft? I mean I'm asking u some simple home techniques to soften curly hair. I can't afford it in saloons. Plz help me! Temuzion (talk) 04:36, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

I'm a little confused here. What do you mean you made your hair curly by combing in a different direction? Do you mean like when you have a ribbon and you hold it against a sharp angle (like the non-bladed edge of a pair of scissors) and scrape the ribbon against it to make it curl? I'm not sure what this is called, if it has a name. And what do you mean by making it soft? Do you mean making it straight? Did you try a hair straighteners to make it straight? There's also sprays to help protect your hair from getting damaged when you use hair straighteners. Does this or this help at all? --Wirbelwindヴィルヴェルヴィント (talk) 05:00, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Use a good conditioner! That worked for me! ReluctantPhilosopher (talk) 13:56, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

No guarantee, but try lemon juice, flatten (comb) your hair as much as you can for about 5-10 min. Rinse, apply aloe vera gel, rinse again, put one drop of jojoba oil on your comb and comb your hair as flat as you can. Good luck. Lisa4edit (talk) 17:02, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

You might find this a bit odd but there are lots of products marketed for African-Americans which are designed to help straighten curly hair—relaxers and straightening products that can be found at your standard pharmacy. You might try giving them a shot; I'd trust them more than the home remedies, personally, because there's a long-term market involved (and thus incentive to be correct; unlike random home remedies from the internet). --98.217.8.46 (talk) 03:38, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Binfield manor

I would like to know details about Binfield Manor house, as in how many rooms, bathrooms etc or better still a floor plan. Binfield Manor is in Berkshire, England and i believe owned by the Sultan of Brunei. If you could help or shove me in the right direction, i would be very gratefull. Thanks —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.78.102.150 (talk) 09:36, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Why - are you planning to rob the place? Google Earth (and presumably google maps too) gives a pretty good resolution aerial/satellite of the house and the grounds. Astronaut (talk) 11:19, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Identify airplane

Is this a real airplane? If so any idea on the model and year. It just looks so strange but then it seems to have an engine and all the other bits. 200.127.59.151 (talk) 16:10, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Looks like an experimental design—maybe a parasite aircraft? (Doesn't look like it would be able to take off on its own.) Compare with, for example, the XF-85 Goblin. --98.217.8.46 (talk) 16:38, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

A good indication might be whether it has a registration number, if you had any other photographs. DJ Clayworth (talk) 17:59, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Clues: The tail has the colors of the Italian (or Mexican) flag. The badge near the nose looks like a fasces. HTH. —Tamfang (talk) 19:35, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

At a guess I'd say it's a one-off model built during the 1930s for racing purposes. --Carnildo (talk) 23:51, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Looks a touch underpowered to me, not to mention the lawn mower blades on the front. Could be a copy of something pre-war, one of these [9] but with a little engine intended only for trundling round the airfield, not unlike the similar craft to the left. Mhicaoidh (talk) 08:17, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Had a good look at this Italian aircraft production 1935 to 1945 and this [10] which I cant seem to link to properly and its many tributaries. But the more I look at the OP's image, despite its resemblance to say the GeeBee racers, and the Boeing p26 [11] the more I'm convinced its a toy or a parade float - so much seems wrong, lack of engine cone fairing, bad centre of gravity, poor angle of attack etc. Mhicaoidh (talk) 09:17, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

This is a replica of the Caproni Stipa, which, despite its ridiculous appearance, was a real flight-worthy airplane - see here for some original flight footage. -- Ferkelparade π 09:28, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Bravo Ferkelparade, that is amazing, my faith in the Ref desk is restored! not to mention the possibilities of heavier than air flight, though mind you 600m at 6m altitude in a straight line... You sound knowledgeable, care to do the decent thing? as we are missing this: Caproni Stipa. Mhicaoidh (talk) 10:06, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Your wish is my command :P -- Ferkelparade π 13:16, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Thank you Ferkelparade for creating a new little arrangement of nerve cells in my information sponge. Fantafrigginstic. 200.127.59.151 (talk) 15:23, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Thanks again FP its great to see Ref Desk questions add to Wikipedia. Mhicaoidh (talk) 11:41, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Tracking old stock exchange data

Where could I get historical NYSE stock data from, say, the 1960s-1980s, without paying some huge fee? I thought about looking in old newspapers, though that seems, well, time consuming. Any place where it would be aggregated, say in print form? The company in question went belly-up in the early 1990s so there's nothing on it in Google Finance, for example. --98.217.8.46 (talk) 17:04, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Have you tried Yahoo Finance or Bloomberg.com? I tried searching for historical data for some other corporate failures but couldn't get much. Good luck! Zain Ebrahim (talk) 18:19, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

There a huge difference in availability of such data, depending on whether the historical data of interest is for a company that's still actively traded under the same symbol.

• If so, then Y!finance is as good as any.
• If not -- and this includes the case where NXTL became S, for example -- the free sources won't have anything.

The latter, you've probably already discovered. -- Danh, 63.231.153.176 (talk) 22:09, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Earplug purchases

I'm interested in buying some earplugs (preferably Moldex Rockets). What sort of shop would I buy them in, in the UK? Not online, an actual physical one? :-) Thanks. ╟─TreasuryTag (talk ╬ contribs)─╢ 17:39, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

You could try contacting Moldex's UK office. They should tell you who their distributors are. Fribbler (talk) 20:08, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Music Shops in the UK sell earplugs. But I don't know about that brand in particular.Franmars (talk) 11:05, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

I mean music instrument shops.Franmars (talk) 11:07, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

They are also sold in some DIY shops (especially larger ones such as B&Q) and builders merchants, to protect against the noise of power tools. 80.0.110.206 (talk) 20:37, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

The Multi-Gender Question

Good day sirs and ma'ams. This question will be strange. Are they any famous multi-gender people, and by multi-gender I mean hermaphrodites, recorded in history that were ninjas, warriors, samurai, etc? I hope this question isn't to strange and is a turn off by any means. Thank you for taking your time in answering the question I appreciate it. Have a positively wonderful day.Rem Nightfall (talk) 18:21, 2 June 2008 (UTC)Rem Nightfall

This is about the closest I've found for your query. It's not quite what you were asking, but it's close. I hope this helps. :) --Mizu onna sango15/水女珊瑚15 19:11, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

If we're talking about people who are not just transgendered but have physical characteristics of both genders, Wikipedia does have a short list of notable intersexed people. -FisherQueen (talk · contribs) 21:00, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Good evening. Thank you for all the help you are trying to give me. But its not really what I am was asking. Maybe I should just ask more boldly. Are there any recorded hermaphrodites who were ninjas, samurai,knights, etc? I am looking for armed hermaphrodites who use both of there sexes to their advantage. This is the strangest though I have had. I write comics for a hobby and I would like to write about a famous hermaphrodite, not something that comes from the strangeness of my mind. So I need to find ninjas, samurai, knights, etc. that were hermaphrodites. I don't want to seem like I have strange fantasies. Have a positively wonderful evening.Rem Nightfall (talk) 22:29, 2 June 2008 (UTC)Rem Nightfall

Since you're writing fiction, maybe you could get ideas for characters by looking at people passing as the other sex such as women pirates, ninjas included women and Joan of Arc dressed as a knight, there was Pope Joan, cowboys who were women in disguise and many soldiers in early armies were female as were sailors. The article might help with the reverse and if needed, you can herm them as you will. Julia Rossi (talk) 01:11, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

The Burnham Scale-academic qualification equivalent

I have a diploma in marketing (from the Chartered Institute of marketing), graded II/III on the Department of Educationn Burnham Scale. What is the Burnham Scale and what is the equivalent of this scales II/III qualification ie. is it equivalent to an A level or BA degree? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 90.212.86.222 (talk) 18:56, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Why not try the CInstM's web site ? In my day as a tutor a Dip M was equal to a BA, and gave exemption to year one of a two-year part-time Masters in Marketing.86.202.155.193 (talk) 15:00, 3 June 2008 (UTC)petitmichel

Tools

Does anyone have tools that help keep track of articles that are most watched, have been edited the most, which articles were the first to be created, etc.? Any help would be greatly appreciated.

Cheers, --Mizu onna sango15/水女珊瑚15 19:08, 2 June 2008 (UTC).

Help:Special page may be of use, though some of the functionality you reference (most edited, first created, and other depends-on-early-history-of-WP) doesn't exist as there aren't records to support it. — Lomn 19:21, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Oldest articles, most linked-to pages, pages with the most revisions and Wikipedia:Most frequently edited pages. There are no logs for the watchlist. D0762 (talk) 09:18, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

"Oldest articles" is actually a non-functioning page at this point. The discussion of the oldest remaining traceable edits to the project is at Wikipedia:Wikipedia's oldest articles. Rmhermen (talk) 13:45, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

I see. Thank you for the assistance. --Mizu onna sango15/水女珊瑚15 22:09, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

White foods

What cruel fiends invented white bread and white rice (or if unknown, when did they start plaguing the human diet)? Clarityfiend (talk) 19:30, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

According to this history of bread, white bread was first made by the ancient Egyptians. Historically, white bread, which is more expensive to make, was associated with wealth and privilege, and it is only recently that brown breads have been preferred by the upper classes. The cultivation of rice predates written history, but according to this history of rice, the more labor-intensive white rice was eaten by the upper classes, while the poor ate the cheaper brown rice. In both cases, although the white variety is more expensive to make and has been associated with the food eaten by the wealthy, the less processed brown variety has more nutritional value, which has resulted in the recent popularization of brown rice and brown bread among health-conscious educated people. -FisherQueen (talk · contribs) 20:58, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Oil price watch

Hi:

Which website offers historical and current oil price information? (Like stock websites)

Thanks.

76.65.14.129 (talk) 19:31, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Many sites that track the stock market also track crude oil prices; CNN Money is one that springs to mind quickly (see the banner at top). Google reveals many sites with a historical summary of crude oil prices; a search for "oil price per barrel history" yielded this site with a chart of normalized prices over the past 140 years. — Lomn 00:59, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Genealogy Tree

As far as I know my ancestors emigrate from Bollo d'Oletta,Corsica.My great grandfather names was Nuncio Colombani Grimaldi,son of Francisco Colombani and Maria Ignacia Grimaldi.Emigrate to Guadalupe island in the caribbean and then move to Puerto Rico,they were three or four brothers.Can you help me to find information related to my ancestors. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.207.124.143 (talk) 19:49, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

[12] has a redirect for the town, but doesn't mention anyone. It is possible that your family name got changed in the immigration process, though. There's bound to be old records in Corsica, like church records or census. (Be prepared to deal with several languages, at least French and Italian). Good luck --76.111.32.200 (talk) 16:44, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Milzwurst?

What the heck is "Milzwurst"? I had a dish of fried Milzwust at the Aumeister restaurant in Munich, Germany. The dish had two deep-fried patties of something that looked, and tasted, like a cross between meat, liver, and vegetables. It was served with potato salad, mayonnaise, and lemon juice. This is the only dish I have eaten during my whole trip to Munich that I do not know what it is, so I would very much like to know what it is. JIP | Talk 19:53, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Do you sprach the auld Deutsch? My german isn't good enough to translate the article, but a quick search-box nosey on the German -pedia shows that Milz is spleen. Fribbler (talk) 20:00, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Ah. So I have eaten some animal's spleen without knowing it. The taste was something between meat and vegetables, so I thought I was eating an internal organ, I just didn't know which. It was the cheapest item on the restaurant's "daily recommendations" menu, so I ordered that, because I knew from experience that Bavarian "würste" are good to eat. I just didn't know what the German word "Milz" meant. Had I known, I had probably skipped it and ordered normal Bratwurst instead. JIP | Talk 20:05, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

It is the Germanic equivalent to:

• the death penalty
• McDonalds

It also is a good excuse to drink lots of beer (Dr Ferkel´s - the notorious expert in sausages - venerable surgery in Munich recomends liberal dosages of Augsbuger) to forget the taste of it if you have been lucky enough to survive the gruesome punishment. If you are a Catholic, one helping of Milzwurst reduces your stay in purgatory by half an eternity but prolongs your life in Bavaria by five minutes... --Cookatoo.ergo.ZooM (talk) 21:38, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

I have nothing to add, except that it's Augustiner. Every other beer is That Which Has Been Passed Through The Horse's Bladder. -- Ferkelparade π 09:44, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

According to food from bavaria, the Milzwurst consists of 65% "Brät" (the filling used to make a Weißwurst, which in itself contains at least 51% veal, back bacon, boiled bacon rind, as well as herbs and spices), 25% pork, 10% spleen (usually bovine), salt, pepper, ginger, nutmeg, grated onion, lemon, and parsley. There are three varieties of Milzwurst: The most common Brühwurst type (boiling process denaturates the proteins. Pieces of spleen, 5-9 cm in diameter, get processed into the sausage, and everything is held together in an artificial casing. The Brieswurst is basically processed the same way but also contains chunks of sweetbread (thymus gland). The rarer third variety is a filled bovine spleen. --- Sluzzelin talk 11:22, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

I don't think the Milzwurst I ate was of a common variety. It looked like deep-fried fish, but tasted nothing of the sort. It had a very mild taste, which made me realise I was not eating pure meat. I actually had to guess that I was eating an internal organ. The sausages weren't even sausage-shaped, they were shaped like discs. I have a picture of the dish, should I upload it? JIP | Talk 18:31, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Of course you should. Posterity demands it. --Tagishsimon (talk) 22:12, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Milzwurst.

Here you go then. JIP | Talk 04:45, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

(outdent) As an offal fan, I would hate to disparage the dish. Sweetbread (spleen), Liver, Kidney, Haggis. I love 'em all! Sure, give us a picture so we can see what we're missing :-) Fribbler (talk) 22:56, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Having followed the links to the German sites, and seen a picture, it is clear that we all have been overlooking an important detail. Such a Wurst is 5-9 centimeters, as mentioned by Sluzzelin -- thus, a "slice" of such a sausage would definitely look like a small pancake or English muffin. HTH! -- Danh, 63.231.153.176 (talk) 00:21, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Why was this link removed?

Please lets discuss below links if ours are inappropriate external links (wiki delited ours but accept those once). We just added it the same way with our visitor centre and other additional information. Could someone please advise why it is not allowed for us? Thanks a lot!

<point made, repeat of company links removed Julia Rossi (talk) 04:11, 4 June 2008 (UTC)>

The reply to our adding... Please do not add inappropriate external links to Wikipedia. Wikipedia is not a collection of links, nor should it be used for advertising or promotion. Inappropriate links include (but are not limited to) links to personal web sites, links to web sites with which you are affiliated, and links that attract visitors to a web site or promote a product. See the external links guideline and spam guideline for further explanations... —Preceding unsigned comment added by Manuka Health NZ (talk • contribs) 21:53, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

The reply you received should have had links to the appropriate policy. In short, adding content in which you have a vested interest is highly discouraged. In this case, the links in question were being added to drive sales to a company, not to enhance the quality of the encyclopedia article. — Lomn 00:55, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Holden's Hat

Does anybody know where i can purchase a red hunting hat similar to the one Holden Caulfield frequently wears in Catcher in the Rye ? Thank you . —Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.5.206.57 (talk) 22:00, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Although I'm not sure of the direct answer to your question, it may aid others answering the question to know that from what I can surmise, Holden's hat is a red deerstalker cap, with a long peak. --Ybbor^Talk 01:15, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Horses

I had once read that horses won't sleep much unless there was another horse to stand guard. Is this true? If so, would it be alright to have a donkey in place of another horse? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.119.61.7 (talk) 23:11, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

There's something in the article Horse under behaviour and another Horse behavior which looks interesting. As you say, horses lay down to sleep with others standing guard. This is related to horses being herd animals (and prey animals). In the same way race horses are nervous types and are calmed by a companion in the stables, sometimes a goat is enough. They also settle well if there's a pony with them. Julia Rossi (talk) 00:59, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Louis XIII vs XO Cognac

To the average drinker, can one really distinguish between the taste of a $2000 bottle of Louis XIII Cognac compared to a $200 bottle of Remy Martin XO Cognac, or other much cheaper cognac? Thanks. Acceptable (talk) 23:17, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

As we are all volunteers - and, given a chance, even average drinkers - on this reference desk, please supply adequate quantities of the aforementioned beverages for copious original research to <address removed by soberbot>. --Cookatoo.ergo.ZooM (talk) 23:29, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

Is it really $2000? I always thought it was $700ish. My dad has one, but no one in my family would ever open a bottle that costed more than $100 to drink, so I can't tell you first hand. =P --Wirbelwindヴィルヴェルヴィント (talk) 01:03, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Yes and no. There was a test done on Mythbusters about different filtered vodkas and the 'expert' got them all right, whereas the 2 presenters had varying degrees of success. It is a question of interest. My aunt (who has zero interst in cars) didn't realise my parents had switched from a saloon car to a 2-seater sports car becase it was the same colour. To her there wasn't a memorable difference. Similarly if you play me a song and miss a few notes/get a few out of key i'm not liable to notice, but maybe a musician would. If you enjoy cognac then you may notice a difference in taste, for better or for worse. Applying 'value' to it is the unthinkable part. To me $2k on a bottle of drink is unthinkable, but $600 on a lens for my camera isn't. There'll be people who think $600 on a lens is insane and that they can get just as nice photos with a $5 throaway camera - value and worth are things we apply to items, so if it sells at that price then somebody values it at that. As for taste I suspect yes you'd notice a difference, but not necessarily improvement/betterness, just that it differs. 194.221.133.226 (talk) 10:17, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

• Um, there's a world of difference between the variation in vodkas (which are essentially diluted ethanol) and the variation in cognacs. --jpgordon^∇∆∇∆ 14:17, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

In terms of what it is that differs - yes. In terms of comprehending that it is possible to distinguish between seemingly very similar products - no. The point, surely, is that enthusiasts no doubt really can tell the difference. There's a chapter in Malcolm Gladwell's Blink that covers this but with regards to the Pepsi taste test challenge... ny156uk (talk) 19:21, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Vodka is ethanol? Would my car run on it? Seriously, not meant as sarcasm, but wondering if it's fuel of any kind? Julia Rossi (talk) 01:08, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

All drinking alcohol is ethanol. Didn't the USSR have an airplane that ran on alcohol, when its crews didn't drink up all the fuel? I would guess, though, that even vodka has too much water to be safe for your car. —Tamfang (talk) 20:56, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

There is most definitely a difference. Having worked in posh hotel bars with lax (read ignorant and incompetent) management, I've had the chance to taste the super cognac (let's say to make up for unpaid hours). It's very smooth and round, you can barely taste the alcohol, no stinging of the back of the palate. I'd say there's about the same difference between them as there is between an average and a very good whiskey or wine. The good stuff is just the most velvety thing one can drink. It's hard to go back to the cheap stuff afterwards. Why not do the experiment yourself? A shot of the stuff should 'only' cost you about $200. I like it slightly warmer than room temperature and keep the cigar for afterwards. 200.127.59.151 (talk) 15:37, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

And then there is Black Pearl which, at $8,000 a bottle [13], should be saved for the night you win a big lottery. ៛ Bielle (talk) 21:09, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

If they invite you to buy it! Fess up, Bielle, how did you get invited? Julia Rossi (talk) 00:02, 5 June 2008 (UTC)

June 3

Call Centre - 3 beep caller

Working at a call centre, I used to occasionally get a mysterious 'caller' that just beeped. No one there, just a beeping sound of three quick beeps, followed by several seconds of dead air, then three beeps again. It sounded the same each time, with the third or fourth set going staticy for a second each time. After a couple minutes, it would drop. Any idea what this is? -- Consumed Crustacean (talk) 02:54, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Remote Access attempt on a wrong number? Or alien trying to contact you :) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Ranemanoj (talk • contribs) 03:54, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Or maybe Robinson Crusoe sending an SOS to you. :P Aanusha Ghosh (talk) 06:05, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Someone sending a fax to a telephone number by mistake? I used to get that a lot in the office - though sometimes it would beep, sometimes it would be the annoying static/modem style noise. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.221.133.226 (talk) 10:11, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

I'd guess a fax machine too, Whistle back at it (at 2225/2025 Hz) and see if it begins the Bell 103 modem-based "negotiation" sequence with you. That will confirm that it's a mis-programmed fax machine.

Atlant (talk) 12:02, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

I, too, had calls like this when I did call center work. Is your call center on a toll-free number? If so, they are probably faxes being sent by cheapskates who do not want to pay the long-distance phone charges to send you a fax. They are hoping that if they call your human-answered toll-free number that you will indentify the caller as being a fax machine and transfer the call to your fax machine's extension. Helene O'Troy - Et In Arcadia Ego Sum (talk) 15:38, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Suggestions Wanted

I have to do two case-studies and one project for Environmental Education for my school. I'd be glad to get some suggestions as to what topic to choose. Please keep in mind that it should be something fairly current, and I should be able to get lots of newspaper clippings and photos ( I don't have a printer) from magazines. Something in the lines of "the plight of Olive Ridleys" and such like. Aanusha Ghosh (talk) 06:04, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

How about the recent extinction of the Yangtse River Dolphin (caused by environmental change) and comparing it to the older extinction of another species caused by a different means like hunting (eg. Tasmanian Tiger) or the introduction of foreign species (eg. Dodo). Astronaut (talk) 11:57, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Drought and water management for something closer to home. --76.111.32.200 (talk) 16:19, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Turning off light bulbs? It's something kids can do for themselves to really make a difference.hotclaws 08:03, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Purchasing Self Powered Equipment which uses NO batteries. Some even use solar power as well as a hand crank, and a radio used in Russia and Siberia uses Thermoelectric batteries powered by a flame. Not only is that "Eco-friendly", it is also part of preparing for any emergency, such as a tornado. 65.173.105.197 (talk) 00:33, 5 June 2008 (UTC)

introduction

how to represent onself at best in some interview....? and do tel me some good points to say in "introduce urself" session? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Lovindhawan (talk • contribs) 08:55, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Think of yourself as a product and the other party as your customer. What is your customer looking for? (Check their website for clues.} How can you help them do what they do. What do you offer that the next applicant doesn't? What "good points" are depends on you and the job/situation. (I assume you're talking job interview, but the rules are about the same in any interview.)

For example: "I'm driven by my determination to achieve excellence in all I do." Is great for some office jobs. If you're applying for a "creative" job at a company with casual office style or a job as truck-driver (no slur intended, but the priorities are different) it'd sink you faster than a torpedo. Watch out a bit with how companies describe themselves, though. The most stuck up and cut-throat company I ever worked at kept emphasizing how they maintained "a casual and friendly" work environment. (Agh!) See why they'd want to hire you and how you fit in with the company vibe. --76.111.32.200 (talk) 15:59, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Name of this machine

A friend needs to know the exact name for that machine that sits in the corner of music stores where there are about 20 CDs and it plays a small sample of each when you press the appropriate button? He wants to buy one and knowing its name would help!

Lemon martini (talk) 11:28, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

I don't know whether there is a specific name for those used in retail, but to me it sounds like a type of programable CD changer with an all disc random play function. ---Sluzzelin talk 11:34, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

I would describe it as a "music-sampling kiosk". "Kiosk" is certainly the correct generic term used by the engineers who design these sorts of free-standing, commercial, screen-and-input device computers.

Atlant (talk) 11:58, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

(edit conflict) Some stores call them "listening posts". I've seen two types, one with 6 or 8 CDs that you can listen to all the way through if you wanted (the CDs are usually displayed on the listening post), and a wall mounted device with a barcode scanner which plays short samples of every track on every CD in the store. The latter device is probably networked to a central server to make updates easier, while the first device is seved by a bank of multi-disk CD players behind the checkouts. A shop fitting company might be able to help (look for "shop fitters" in the yellow pages), but you might have more success by asking the manager of a music store where the machine came from. Astronaut (talk) 12:09, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Travelling in Australia

What is the easiest route from Brisbane International airport to Rockhampton? Frankm195378.150.174.50 (talk) 11:49, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

The easiest might be an internal flight to Rockhampton Airport. But there's also the 618 km drive by car; or you can get the train, first from the airport to Brisbane Central (20m, AUS $13 one way), then Brisbane Central to Rockhampton (7h30m, AUS $105 one way on the North Coast line). Astronaut (talk) 12:40, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Merit is not the criteria for promotion

My friend says the opposite of the subject i gave is true.I would like your opinion basically on this subject.I would like people who believe that merit is not the criteria for promotion and those who are against this subject to please site examples and prove themselves.I amreally gratefull to eeryone who bothers to answer.Make sure your answers are long.My riend is going to lose. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.109.135.156 (talk) 12:59, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Perhaps you are looking for a discussion forum; there are many such places on the internet, however the Reference Desk deals primarily with matters of fact, not opinion. --LarryMac | Talk 13:03, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Without getting into the whole debate aspect at all, I should perhaps point out that the criteria for promotion depends on the person or the authority doing the promoting -- so it's probably going to be different depending on whether it's a family firm or, say, Microsoft. It's not a binary system where it's either merit or something else. -- Captain Disdain (talk) 16:00, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

List of human resource management topics Maybe some of these will help. --76.111.32.200 (talk) 16:03, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

One could also point to studies that have shown that a variety of variables play into relative rates of promotion: sex, race, even height. If that's the case, then merit is almost certainly not the only variable that is factored in (consciously or unconsciously) into promotions. --98.217.8.46 (talk) 17:37, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

I remember reading an HR Management textbook which mentioned that studies have shown that attractiveness was a statistically significant factor explaining corporate success for female employees. I wonder how they measured that. Zain Ebrahim (talk) 18:38, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

I got lots of promotions and have fairly limited merit, so there may be something to what you say. Edison (talk) 22:04, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

If you are interested in a productive argument about the question somewhere (as stated this isn't likely the best place for it), I would suggest removing some of the ambiguity introduced by use of the word "merit". All kinds of qualities could be said to contribute toward a person's "merit". You might have slightly better luck with "job performance" (if that's what you mean), but even that leaves a lot of room for interpretation. You might go further than simply changing the vocabulary, in fact, and develop a full, well explained hypothesis. --Prestidigitator (talk) 23:04, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Not only female employees, *whistles* there goes Edison! It applies to television too, using stereotypical (patriarchal?) patterns of attractiveness. I take merit to mean qualifications and job performance versus eye appeal, confidence (sometimes bs), and charm. I'd say the binaries apply in image industries, don't know about others. This is dodgy but I reason that if a person is considered attractive to the employer, then they have already "pleased" or fulfilled some arbitrary expectation long before their cv hits the table. Who knows what that factor really is. Julia Rossi (talk) 23:32, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Fitness

So I used to be very active but then a few years ago suddenly got really lazy and stopped playing spots often and after a while I noticed that when I did play any sport I usually got tired quite quickly. My question is if I start getting back into shape is it possible/likely that I want be able to get fit past a certain point due to all that time spent being lazy? --212.120.247.132 (talk) 14:04, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Yes, the more fit you are, the more enegery you have —Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.115.175.247 (talk) 16:26, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Unless there are other factors at work (such as getting old) there's no reason you can't get back to your previous level of fitness or better, your muscles and cardiovascular system can be trained just as they used to be. It might be hard if you're very unfit at the moment but there shouldn't be a physical problem if you put the effort in. ~ mazca ^talk 20:53, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

I am 61 and was very overweight and unfit until New Year just past when I decided I just had to lose weight and get fit again. So I gave up alcohol, cut out one meal per day, stopped eating crap and substituted food such as fruit and vegetables and took nothing pre-processed, just fresh. I got my doctor to refer me to a public Gym where I pay for a 3 times a week fitness routine that's well within my physical reach but which extends me a bit further each time. I bought a bike and I go out for a 10-20 mile ride along the local canal towpath 2/3 times a week, weather permitting. And I haven't smoked for years by the way so that was a good starter for 10. And now? I am 38 pounds lighter, my cholesterol is down from 8.9 to 4.3. And my Blood Pressure is down from a ridiculous 170/120 or so to 120/75 or so immediately after exercising. I have thrown ALL my clothes out (actually, I gave them all to my local charity/thrift shop for which they were most grateful as I hadn't worn most of them due to me being overweight). And believe it or not, I am showing signs of a 6 pack, of which I am most proud even though that wasn't on my shopping list. Oh, and by the way, I am still inherently very lazy and ALL the above took and still takes a lot of commitment, but boy, am I glad I did it. Go for it !!! 92.18.121.35 (talk) 23:33, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Is that you, legend? Fitness does seem to bring better health even if you start out the otehr way around. Julia Rossi (talk) 23:39, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Abraham Lincoln

The article on Abraham Lincoln does not say if he was of mixed blood. Does anyone know? 71.100.8.192 (talk) 14:20, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

I don't believe there is any evidence of this. If you are refering to Brent Kennedy's work on the Melungeons, note that Kennedy is known more for his enthusiasm than for his scholarly rigor. Rmhermen (talk) 14:46, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Since living and working near the site of the Lost Colony and since seeing the historical play in late childhood I have always been fascinated with the fate of the colonists and by reports of blue eyed Croatan further South on the coast of North Carolina and the Lumbee further inland. I'm not sure if this has merit or this. 71.100.8.192 (talk) 15:29, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Lordy, I can only dream of what this has to do with your desired Obama smear campaign, I had thought you had given up on us. ;-)

There were of course many baseless rumors about Lincoln being of mixed-race that have been circulating for over a hundred years, circulated by those for whom being of mixed-race would be considered the worst of all possible states, but there is not, and has never been, any real evidence of such. There has been much speculation about Lincoln's ancestry (not all of it race related), but such speculation, as far as I know, has only been speculation, and is no doubt rooted in the political ambitions of his enemies. --98.217.8.46 (talk) 15:22, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

If Abraham Lincoln had been honest enough to inform my great great grandfather that the Civil War was part of his political platform I doubt he would have voted for him. Knowledge is power. 71.100.8.192 (talk) 17:05, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Your wealth of ignorance is astounding, though it has ceased to be entertaining. --98.217.8.46 (talk) 17:30, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Sticks and stones... 71.100.8.192 (talk) 17:38, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

an aside

Is there any evidence that Abraham Lincoln was in the pocket of organized crime? 71.100.8.192 (talk) 16:31, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

I call shenanigans! Rmhermen (talk) 16:47, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Certainly he did not consider the Civil War to be shenanigans, but then I have not yet asked if he consumed intoxicating beverages to excess as did Nixon and President Grant. 71.100.8.192 (talk) 17:34, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

But you will ask it, won't you? What's next, did his hat contain a number of crime-fighting gadgets? Adam Bishop (talk) 20:59, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Ah 71.100, you're doing it again. Julia Rossi (talk) 23:36, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Actually, you need to start learning not to try and push people around who visit the Wikipedia and who may ask a controversial question about race or religion unless you intend to give the impression that the Wikipedia administration is biased and one sided. If you want only people who share your points of view then I suggest you turn the Wikipedia into a private club and stop using the Wikipedia as an opportunity to bait people and then to commit hazing. 71.100.8.192 (talk) 04:07, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Please do not remove the Overfed troll box. You've been here enough to know that the refdesks are not a forum for debate/diatribes or inciting controversy for that matter. Julia Rossi (talk) 04:19, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Lincoln may have had genetic anomalies such as Marfan's disease resulting in extra nipples, may have been derided as "King Ape" by secesh newspapers, and may have slept with men oder slept with men: [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , but I have seen no evidence he was a tool of organized crime. Edison (talk) 06:25, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

LOL @ Edison! xD --71.98.21.243 (talk) 00:36, 5 June 2008 (UTC)

Waterproofing Product Manufacturer of CIM; Chevron Industrial Membrane

About 25 years ago, I used a product "CIM", "Chevron Industrial Membrane" for waterproofing Concrete structures like concrete roofs, wastewater ponds/tanks, etc. This product was manufactured by the CHEVRON CO.- the gasoline/oil corporation. I remember it as a black, modified urethane substance packaged in 5 gallon buckets. It was a 2-part chemistry.

I want to use it on my concrete roof in Puerto Rico as well as commercially. Can you direct me to a manufacturer? I am unable to find any data on this product.Bluecanyon (talk) 15:20, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

C.I.M. Industries is the successor company: [20] Rmhermen (talk) 16:03, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

First time - what the hell should I do?

I know Wikipedia probably isn't the right place to ask this, but seriously where else can I go? Its certainly not something I can talk to my friends etc about. OK, so I'm a 18 year old guy, never had a girlfriend or been anywhere intimate with a girl before. I'm perfectly normal I just get really weird around hot girls, its like a curse. A few days ago I went online searching for escorts, call girls etc because I'm sick of the thought that at my current rate I'll probably never have a girlfriend. And don't worry, its not peer pressure or anything - this is something I want. I emailed one on a casual dating site. We've been talking and she seems really nice, and I've explained all this to her. She wants me to stay over for the night as its my first time, but I'm really nervous. On one hand I REALLY want to do it, but on the other I'm so shitting my pants at just the thought of all the awkward situations that might occur. What should I do? I mean, I'm not asking you to tell me what to do, but some friendly advice wouldn't go a miss. What am I to expect? Am I walking into a heap load of trouble - the kind I'll need years of therapy for? 79.76.201.239 (talk) 20:14, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

We can't predict what kind of experience you'll have. Meeting up with strangers for sex can be risky. It could be a setup. Her boyfriend could be a thug waiting there to attack you and steal your money or car. More likely someone is playing with you, and you will arrive at the address at the agreed time only to find out that no one answers the door. Personally, my advice would be to get to know someone who is nice and maybe not the hottest person in town and let things develop naturally. Marco polo (talk) 20:37, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

She is a call girl and I'm paying $200 so I think its genuine. 79.76.201.239 (talk) 20:40, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Not to mention it's illegal to pay for sex in many places, so you might even be getting set up by the police. ···日本穣^{? · Talk to Nihonjoe} 02:34, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

It's not only risky in terms of STD's, but the problem with going with a 'hot hooker' the first time is that it could totally mess up your perspective on what is normal. She is a professional with a hot body trained to say all the right things, but in reality she wants your money and doesn't ever want to know you again. You don't find people like this in 'real life'. You're young so you have all the time in the world to find a nice girl and go out on a few normal dates. If looks are your priority, give it time. Eventually you will find that what counts is really what lies within. Sandman30s (talk) 20:49, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

"at my current rate I'll probably never have a girlfriend". Seriously dude, you're eighteen. The first eighteen years of your life are NOT a good predictor of how many girlfriends you'll have in the rest of your life. In the next few years a lot of things will probably happen to you - you'll leave home, get a job and a car, learn some things about women, meet new friends. Many of these will seriously increase the chances of finding a girlfriend you actually like. DJ Clayworth (talk) 20:55, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

[ec] First, I would suggest you consider what is it that truly bothers you - the possibility of never having a girlfriend, or the possibility of never having sexual intercourse? Perhaps your choice of words was a euphemism for the latter. But if it is the former, your choice of action may not have been the best.

If you do go through with this, perhaps it will comfort you to realize that:

• You are not the first, nor will you be the last, person approaching her in the exact same situation. She should be able to provide enough guidance to avoid any unpleasantness. Even if you do make a blunder, she will be used to it and not make a deal out of it.
• You have nothing to lose (except for your car, if it is stolen by aforementioned thug). You don't know her, you could screw everything up, never see her again and forget it ever happened.

-- Meni Rosenfeld (talk) 21:00, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

No indication of where in the world you are, so I can't make any specific suggestions about alternatives, they are pretty culturally varied. And 18 is not a particularly late age to be a virgin, so you may want to just see how things go for another year or two, unless you'd actully prefer to "lose it" to a sex-worker. By the way, "Certainly not something I can talk to my friends etc about" is not a good sign: why not? No one else in a similar situation you can discuss this with? Lots of shame around talking about sex? Maybe you aren't ready, which would be fine.

If you are going ahead with this, use a condom (she'll probably insist, but if she doesn't then that is all the more reason to do so). Don't lie to her about being a virgin: in all probability, she'll approach the whole thing more appropriately if she knows the score. (Sounds like you've already thought that through.) And don't be surprised if more money is really involved than the amount quoted up front. (If it's not, and if she treats you well, a tip or a gift would be a nice gesture.) - Jmabel | Talk 21:34, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Honestly, I think this is the complete wrong place to ask this question. We don't know you, man. We have no idea who you are. You say that you can't talk to your friends about this....but if they're your close friends, I'd think they already know you're unexpierienced. You're not making a very good choice, and I think you're here to look for our OK. And I think you're going to go through with it whether we say yes or no. But here is my advice: meet up with this girl in person a few times first. Go on a few dates, don't rush into things. Would you spend a night at some Shaq-sized man's house because he "seemed nice" without meeting him first? Hell no. Would you consider it if you got to know him? Well....maybe. So get to know this chick, and if she wants you at her house NOW or else, then fuck her (no, not that way). That's my advice. Now, talk to your friends. 70.105.164.43 (talk) 00:58, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

I have never been in the exact situation you describe, but I make a few suggestions. First, be aware that there is undoubtedly a non-whore female as interested in getting together as you are. Second, if you wish to proceed with this course of action, have a friend (assuming you have any friends) watch your back, to make sure you arrive at and leave the venue of the assignation safe. Third, assume that if you spend the night the trollop will steal whatever is in your wallet. Therefore, fourth, take nothing beyond the agreed payment and the driver's license needed to drive there. Fifth, take sufficient condoms to guard against the acquisition of venereal disease. Sixth, report back on how it all worked out, for the edification of other Wikipedia Reference Desk Readers. Edison (talk) 06:20, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

As George Costanza said "why pay for something that, if I apply myself, maybe I can get for free?". Your best bet for a girlfriend/relationship is to get out there and look. If my social-group is any guide then 90% of your friends partner's will have been introduced by a mutual-friends or a place of work/study and the rest will be complete strangers that met in a bar. So your best bet for finding a girlfriend is the very people you don't want to ask about the above. Be sociable, be friendly and you'll surely realise that there are many many girls in your extended social network that you will be interested in, and doubtlessly some of those will have an interest in you. Most important lesson of all: Don't be put off from a girl you like because your friends don't want her/you don't think they'll approve. Finally with the money you would've spent on paid help, buy yourself something nice like some new clothes, or something. 194.221.133.226 (talk) 07:40, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Hi again. I've decided to take everyone's advice and not go through with it. The fact that I almost fainted with nervousness just emailing her probably shows I'm not ready, and going home in an ambulance and having to explain to the paramedics the cause of my heart attack is something I want to avoid. I really do think she was genuinely nice though, that's why I selected her out of the other two who were very abrupt, but maybe that was all part of the act. Anyway, thanks to everyone who offered advice, you've given me a lot to think about - mainly not to trust any girl with my car keys! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.75.156.95 (talk) 20:21, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

June 4

Selling bought/downloaded music

As far as I know, it is illegal to burn a CD with iTunes-bought music and sell it for money. But, I see regular, purchased CD's for sale all the time by people who bought them. The only difference is they were CD's when purchased as opposed to sound files. So, why is one illegal and the other (seemingly) not? 70.105.164.43 (talk) 00:49, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Much of the answer to the question probably lies in the First-sale doctrine article. --Tagishsimon (talk) 00:54, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Yes....it does. Thanks. 70.105.164.43 (talk) 01:02, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Kodansha Afternoon

Is it possible to subscribe to Kodansha Afternoon magazine in the US? If yes then how? Thank you, --E2718281828459045 (talk) 01:16, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Where do you live? If you live near Los Angeles, New York, Seattle, Houston, San Francisco, Salt Lake City, London, Toronto, Honolulu, or anywhere else with a Japanese market or bookstore (not just a generic Asian market), you may be able to subscribe by going there (and some of them may even just carry the magazine regularly). There are also subscription services available via mail from stores such as Kinokuniya, Sasuga Japanese Bookstore, J-List, and so on. I order through my local market. (support the local economy!)

Japanese magazines like dealing through bookstores. I am unfamiliar with the one you name, but I subscribe to three others, and the only way to get them here in Honolulu is through the bookstore. My favorite Japanese bookstore offers twenty percent discounts if you settle for by-boat shipping and agree to pick the mags up at the store (rather than have the store mail them to you). In fact, since the store does mail titles, if you're in the United States and will use a credit card as security, I'll bet my local store will mail to you wherever you are. Leave me a message on my talk page if you have no luck otherwise, and I'll put you in touch. Mitchell k dwyer (talk) 21:03, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Sasuga has it; and Kinokuniya may have it, too. Thank you very much for your help! --E2718281828459045 (talk) 23:11, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

About Journalism

I want to know about the scope of Journalism and Mass Communication in Future. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Keerat4u (talk • contribs) 05:20, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Just a guess, but is this for an essay entitled "The scope of journalism and mass communication in the future?" ~ mazca ^talk 08:25, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Banks in Cagayan De Oro City

how can i get a list of all banks and contact info for Cagayan De Oro City,Philippine--119.11.96.182 (talk) 08:18, 4 June 2008 (UTC)john de oros

Looks like a homework question. Anyway, try here [21] manya (talk) 09:35, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Orientation

Is "girl falling for girl" more common in girls' school than coeds?? This seems to happen a lot at mine (which is a girls' school) 117.194.224.17 (talk) 08:23, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Infatuation? Crush? Hero-worship? It's not sexual as such, and I don't know why, but yep seems common in all-girls schools. An example in a period film The Getting of Wisdom from the novel by Henry Handel Richardson. I'd guess (very OR-ly) that the same thing happens in all-boys schools too. It's usually about the younger person attaching to an older person and wanting their attention though it varies. The articles Puppy love (temporary) and the longer-lasting idea of Limerence (closer to it in some ways) cover it though more generally. Julia Rossi (talk) 10:13, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Puppy love is not to be confused with Pup-play. Edison (talk) 14:30, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Robert Graves wrote about the same thing in boys' schools, and I'm sure there are dozens of other examples. Adam Bishop (talk) 11:49, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

You might want to consult our article entitled lesbian until graduation ("LUG"). (WHAAOE!)

Atlant (talk) 19:51, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

The articles on Class S (the Japanese word for this sort of relationship) and Romantic friendship may also be helpful. Laïka 22:08, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Book

I have a Japanese-learning book called Kimono. I can find about 150 mentions of this book on the Internet, but I can't find any mention of any content of the book. Anyone have a link? Interactive Fiction Expert/Talk to me 11:01, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

If you have the book, why are you asking for the contents? That aside, if you are trying to learn Japanese, throw that book away and pick up Yookoso! as it's a much better book and will teach you a lot more than Kimono. Kimono isn't worth the paper on which it's printed. ···日本穣^{? · Talk to Nihonjoe} 01:21, 5 June 2008 (UTC)

Interior Decoration

I have been tasked to re-design an anteroom and also suggest suitable interior decoration ideas. Can anyone suggest me an idea/ I am clueless as to how to go about it sumal (talk) 11:32, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Sumal, how did you get yourself into this one? You'll need to have some mockups. Think compatibility with the other rooms or the building (e.g. minimalist style or post-modern utilitarian). There's a simplified process here[22] at Interior Design and what kind of anteroom – a vestibule, foyer, client waiting room, reception area? For style I guess you will find a similar premises and spy on their results with pics or for examples drag some images off the net. If no-one has relieved you with their designer friend/contact by then, you can source these things or maybe pick some brains at your local interiors store. Best of, Julia Rossi (talk) 12:08, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

interior design —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.18.33.2 (talk) 21:42, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

about countries

I want to know the population,capital,no of literates,illiterates,no of men women economy of the countries of asia. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Prajwal palasamudram (talk • contribs) 14:13, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Try the CIA World Factbook which has extensive demographic information. Fribbler (talk) 14:17, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Performance vs. Behavioral Based Interview Questions

Is there a difference between these two or are they two words for the same subject? I understand Behavioral Based Interviewing as a way to predict future behavior by understanding past behavior, but lately I am hearing the words Performance Based in relation to interview questionsFarmer13 (talk) 16:27, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Until someone more experienced comes along, they both sound like "track record" to me. Julia Rossi (talk) 23:52, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Geography question

Are there any instances on our Earth where the geographical shape of something smaller looks like the shape of something larger, scaled down? For example, a district looking like a city, a city looking like a country, or a country looking like a continent? JIP | Talk 18:27, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

I know one. See County Monaghan. (Better map here.) Then take a look at Iraq. :-) Fribbler (talk) 18:31, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

There are a few states in the Western United States that all look similar because they're all roughly rectangular... But I doubt that is what you were looking for.... Dismas|^(talk) 19:31, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

No, it isn't. I am specifically looking for similar shapes in different sizes - in this case, city or county vs. state, or state vs country or continent. And a rectangle is too simple a shape to be of interest. JIP | Talk 20:02, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Tuscany versus Bosnia and Herzegovina? Fribbler (talk) 20:20, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

How about the Polynesian Triangle and the Bermuda Triangle? Mitchell k dwyer (talk) 20:51, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

No, this won't do at all. They are too loosely defined, and the triangle is too simple a shape to be interesting. The County Monaghan and Tuscany exaxmples mentioned above are much better. JIP | Talk 20:57, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

I am a math teacher and consider the triangle to be the second-most interesting shape in the universe, after the circle. But okay, I see what you mean. Mitchell k dwyer (talk) 21:07, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Sorry; I just read what I wrote and can't let it go, lest people think I meant that. The triangle is the THIRD-most interesting shape in the universe, after Catherine Zeta Jones. Mitchell k dwyer (talk) 21:18, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

But even she´s got two circles and one triangle. What pity my math teacher never commented on his subtle libidinous geometrical fixations as honestly as Mitchell... --Cookatoo.ergo.ZooM (talk) 22:03, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

we have anarticle some where that tells of a rock at machu picchu that has the same profile as the mountains behind it so when you look at it from the correct angle, you will see...er... some thing —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.18.33.2 (talk) 21:45, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

For everyones perusal, an article on the Monaghan-Iraq debacle. Fribbler (talk) 23:07, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Spammers

I am getting more and more curious about why spammers bother with their increasingly more clever filter-evading ploys. I, at least, have an instinct that the more someone tries to trick me into reading an advertisement, the less honest he is, and the less legal the product he is selling is. Surely everyone else thinks this way too? Surely they cannot be anyone who sees an advertisement for penis enlargement pills disguised as an account suspension notice from a bank, containing several kilobytes of random word salad solely to fool Bayesian filters, with a hyperlink to a random throwaway URL at the end, and thinks "Oh! This is just what I need! I'll better check this out than consult a reputable doctor and pharmacist!"? JIP | Talk 20:20, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Email is, for now, free, so all they need to make it worth their while is one sale. Just one. From the millions/billions of spam mails sent, for it to be economically viable. And as they say "there's always one". Fribbler (talk) 20:23, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

In that case, that one must be either really stupid, or really sad, or both. What sort of person would do that? JIP | Talk 20:34, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Would spam, or be taken in by it? Fribbler (talk) 20:36, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Taken in by it, of course. JIP | Talk 20:44, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Lots of reasons. Naievity, desperation, those unfamiliar with the internet etc. Fribbler (talk) 20:55, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

You gave one option yourself: they could be really stupid. You can buy a million addresses for $40, so you should be able to turn a profit with a one in 100,000 success rate. 1 in 100,000 people have an IQ of less than 40. Algebraist 22:01, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

That would just be abusing the mentally handicapped (the limit is around 40 right?). I would assume the target is the elderly, who have stereotypically have little knowledge about how the internet works. Some would assume that it is genuinely someone trying to help out their love life. That would get you at least the 1 in 100,000. Paragon12321 (talk) 23:02, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Maybe anyone who's vulnerable – someone who's desire is stronger than their reason, or who lack critical awareness. Especially people who at heart seem to believe there's such a thing as easy money, miracle hair results, and other solutions to feeling needy. I don't think iq comes into that somehow. And then there's the meeting point and the bait: Hello, pigeon, meet Shark. Julia Rossi (talk) 23:48, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Also, there are two additional factors at play here: first of all, someone is always getting their very first piece of spam. I (and, I suspect, most others here) get hundreds of them every day, so they mean nothing to me. There's really no way I could ever get taken in by a generic spam message that is obviously designed to bypass filtering. And I'm not expected to, because like most recipients, I'm not in the target audience; I'm too educated, too familiar with the internet and generally too experienced with this stuff to fall for it. But that doesn't apply to a lot of users -- there are plenty of people out there who never really follow the news, who don't understand how the internet works, who are kind of naive, etc. They just aren't suspicious or careful enough. Of course, most of them still have the sense to avoid spammed products or services, but as a group, these are the kind of people who fall for obvious phishing attempts, Nigerian scams or virus e-mails.

Secondly, especially when it comes to attempts to cell Viagra or Cialis or "herbal supplements" that supposedly give you larger penis or bigger breasts or allow you to lose massive amounts of weight in just weeks, there's a simple rule of thumb: we should never underestimate the insecurities of people, especially when sexuality is involved. I would be shocked to hear that at least a few people reading this, for example, don't have pretty serious self-esteem issues and really, really wish they looked different or were thinner or had a larger penis or whatever. A lot of the spam is expressly designed with that in mind; the attempts to manipulate the reader tend to be really cheap ("Try it today - you have nothing to lose, just a lot to gain! Impress the ladies with the new tool in your pants," says one fresh piece of spam in my mailbox.), but if you're lonely and especially if your sexual experiences haven't been that great, the idea that with a bigger penis you'll be more self-confident and have more success in relationships is obviously attractive. It's stupid and completely false, of course -- but if you're in a certain mental space, it's attractive. The same goes for, oh, the spam that sells Rolex replicas or "university degrees"; they're not so much selling a product as the idea that you, too, can look like a wealthy or educated man, and all you need to do is pay a little bit of money for it.

Now, I'd like to think that most people reading this are smart enough to face facts and recognize that just because they're insecure, that doesn't mean a spammed product is going to solve their problem, but a lot of people are really willing to do pretty stupid things in order to make themselves feel better about themselves. I mean, how many people are paying for "miracle products" sold on TV shopping channels? Or how many people are willing to give their money to "psychics"? It's essentially the same principle: the exploitation of people who're vulnerable. Taking advantage of the weaknesses of the people who have needs and insecurities. No sensible person is going to fall for spam, but sensible people just aren't the target audience. -- Captain Disdain (talk) 00:03, 5 June 2008 (UTC)

(outdent) I have two examples of people who would fall for spam. One was a girl who I saw on an episode of Judge Judy. Although the eBay auction that she won specified that she was bidding on just a photo of a cell phone, she thought she was bidding on the actual phone. Second, a guy I worked with thought that he had just won another eBay auction for a $5 laptop. He had actually won an auction for a list of places that sold discounted laptops or something like that. Dismas|^(talk) 02:31, 5 June 2008 (UTC)

Ray Island

In the days leading up to WW II, the US Army transported a crew of soldiers, redesignated as something else (civilian) to an island within about 2,000 miles of western Panama. It was called Ray Island, but I think that was code. Nothing comes up using the name. They built an air field for five P-40's. It was serviced by small ships and C-47's with additional tanks of fuel inside. Your article on the C-47 shows such tanks. They were waist-high and about five feet long. I think they held about 250 gallons each, which ought to have taken the safe range out to about 2,000 miles. An elderly friend of mine was stationed there, and apparently went in the second group of converted soldiers. There had been a small Japanese base on the island, but it was disposed of. They built a large radio tower that was hinged and could be lowered. The island was in radio contact with a base in Central or South America. The P-40's carried drop tanks and always returned to the island after long solo aircraft patrols. They probably were there to protect the canal as early warning of the rumored Japanese attack on the canal.

I have tried several military sites, but only found two references to Ray Island. They came from a graves registration list at a hospital near the west (or south) end of the canal. The bodies were brought to the hospital and their dates of death were the day before the record was created at the hospital. One was listed as a supervisor. I cannot find my notes, but the deaths seemed to be accidental. My friend left after about a year, and no one died while he was there. He joined the service after Pearl Harbor, was trained as an aircraft mechanic and was stationed in Panama for about six months before he was asked to volunteer to convert to the apparent civilian status. I'd like to find his island for him. Thanks for your help. Joseph Jordan (email address deleted) 72.17.181.190 (talk) 22:31, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Have you or your friend tried asking the Army about this? (Or possibly the Air Force, in case this was considered an Army Air Force operation and the USAF inherited the records.) --Anonymous, 23:29 UTC, June 4.

Mayonnaise

Every once in a while I'll here in one place or another that mayonnaise spoils quickly; that it shouldn't be left out for more than a moment or it'll go bad; that hollandaise sauce must be used quickly because the mayonnaise will spoil quickly, etc. In my house (all my life) we don't even bother refrigerating mayonnaise. We keep it in the cupboard. Not only doesn't it go bad quickly, it's quite shelf stable. Oh, I don't mean it'll last forever, But a good month or two without refrigeration is not a problem. So why is it falsely thought—even singled out—that Mayo is especially delicate and prone to spoilage?--70.107.9.159 (talk) 23:17, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

I suspect it is the difference between mass produced and home produced Mayonnaise; the understanding grew with home made stuff, and is incorrectly applied to the manufactured stuff. There's some minimal comments at Mayonnaise which support this thought. --Tagishsimon (talk) 23:21, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

(after edit conflict)I find the same thing with butter and cheap bread. These thing used to spoil easily. Hence the keeping-in-the-fridge carry on. But science has given us preservatives (for good or ill), meaning these products now have much, much longer shelf lives. Fribbler (talk) 23:23, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

That must be it, or at least it fits very well. Thanks to you both.--70.107.9.159 (talk) 00:18, 5 June 2008 (UTC)

IMHO, preservatives are part but not all of the story; the bigger factor was raw eggs. Anything, anything made with raw eggs was and is potentially infected at the source. [Homemade mayo is just oil and eggs, right?] Refrigeration remains the only good way to keep that kind of "situation" under control.

-- Danh, 63.231.153.176 (talk) 01:06, 5 June 2008 (UTC)

Thing is, though, that mayonnaise can now be kept out of the fridge and still not turn rancid. Fribbler (talk) 01:12, 5 June 2008 (UTC)

Weird fish or "Weird ?!"

Someone sent a pix of a weird looking fish to the Rense homepage, and a link just below the pix claims it is a BATFISH. The pix of this thing is HERE. It was caught off of Cuba and the link that is below the pix can be accessed, so that the claim of this being a "Batfish" can be checked out. I was going to send it to the Paranormal Project guys and the Project Cryptozoology guys as well. Really, WHAT is this thing?! 65.173.105.197 (talk) 23:49, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

The link doesn't work. Fribbler (talk) 23:50, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Fixed rotten link. 65.173.105.197 (talk) 23:53, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Looks to be the cubifrons species alright. Hardly paronormal or cryptozooilogical. Many marine creatures appear to be weird. It's an unusual environment to us. And the term Batfish, is often used to describe fish that we think odd looking. Then again imagine a fish seeing a platypus or an elephant. They would think they were absolute abominations. Fribbler (talk) 00:03, 5 June 2008 (UTC)

June 5

toaster oven settings

What do the keep warm, broil, bake, and toast pizza settings on a toaster oven do? There is already a timer and a temperature dial, so what else can you control? --MagneticFlux (talk) 02:50, 5 June 2008 (UTC)