2009 swine flu pandemic in Asia
 | This article documents a current event. Information may change rapidly as the event progresses, and initial news reports may be unreliable. The latest updates to this article may not reflect the most current information. (June 2009) |
Template:2009 swine flu outbreak in Asia table
The 2009 flu pandemic in Asia, part of an epidemic in 2009 of a new strain of influenza A virus subtype H1N1 causing what has been commonly called swine flu, has (as of 22 June 2009) afflicted at least 4,621 people in Asia, with one confirmed death in the Philippines. Among Asian countries, Thailand has the most confirmed cases, recently displacing Japan.
On April 27, Azerbaijan imposed a ban on import of animal husbandry products from the Americas.[1] According to the Chief of the State Veterinary Service under the Agriculture Ministry Ismayil Hasanov, products brought to the country by April 27 received certificates and it was confirmed that those products were safe.[2] AZAL took additional safety measures and a sanitary quarantine unit of the Health Ministry started to operate in Heydar Aliyev International Airport with all aircraft and passengers being checked.[3]
Azeri Minister of Health Ogtay Shiraliyev said the order prepared by him considers implementation of necessary measures in the epidemiological and various medical centers. "Azerbaijan is ready for this issue", he said.[4] According to the Agriculture Minister Ismat Abbasov, the State Veterinary Service is holding monitoring in the regions and pigs are kept in closed places in farms.[1] Abbasov also said: "I can say with full responsibility that the situation on prevention against swine flu virus is stable in Azerbaijan".[1]
On May 2 all checkpoints on borders with Russia passed to the medium security and disinfection barriers for both cars and pedestrians were installed at the Samur, Shirvanovka and Khan Oba checkpoints in Qusar and Khachmaz Raions.[5] The veterinary services at checkpoints intensified their activities while hog farms in the northern regions passed to the closed farming regime.[5]
DHAKA, April 29 (Xinhua) -- Bangladesh's Health Minister AFM Ruhal Haque Wednesday said screening inbound international travelers for swine flu will start from Wednesday evening at the country's main international airport.
After an inter-ministerial meeting on swine flu here on Wednesday, Haque told reporters that particularly those travelers who come from the affected countries will be screened at the Zia International Airport (ZIA) in capital Dhaka.
A Bangladeshi national who recently returned from US has been detected with swine flu on 18/06/2009, making him the first patient to be tested positive of the dreaded viral infection in the country. 7 case has been confirmed in Bangladesh recently.
Cambodia's health authorities remain alert but confident that the country is prepared for a swine flu pandemic. In terms of ensuring that infected pigs do not spread the disease to Cambodia, the Cambodian Pig Raiser Association said it has told the government it should ban live pig imports.
But Khlauk Chuon, the deputy director of Camcontrol at the Ministry of Commerce, said they would only ban live pig imports from a country that has been hit with swine flu.
"We are very worried about this new disease because it can transfer from pig to human, from human to human and from human to pig," Khlauk Chuon added. 1st case of H1N1 confirmed in Cambodia.[6]
The first suspected case found on mainland China was reported on May 10, 2009 [7]
The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) of China issued an emergency notice on the evening of April 26 that visitors returning from flu-affected areas who experienced flu-like symptoms within two weeks would be quarantined.[8] The Ministry of Health has started prevention measures, and initiated cooperation with the WHO and the relevant departments of the Mexican and U.S. governments to help contain the outbreak. According to Wang Jing of the China Inspection and Quarantine Science Research Institute, the measures already in place in China against bird flu are sufficient for this new disease.[9]
May 2, the Chinese government has decided to suspend flights from Mexico to Shanghai, the Foreign Ministry said.[10] Meanwhile, the Civil Aviation Administration of China also assigned a charter to transport stranded Chinese visitors back home. Among all carriers, China Eastern Airlines was the first choice as it is based in Shanghai, where the original and the only Sino-Mexican flight disembarks, but later the job has fallen onto the Guangzhou based China Southern Airlines, as China Eastern's aircrafts don't fit the facility at Tijuana Airport. The replacing China Southern flight would leave Guangzhou at 21:00 on May 3 as a normal flight until it reaches the stop-over at Los Angeles, and then fly empty toward Mexico City to pick up the 120 stranded tourists. The charter flight estimates to be back in Shanghai 11:00 in the morning on May 5, and all passengers onboard will then go through health to see if further action is needed.528 case confirmed in China.[11]
Cyprus has identified its first case of the new H1N1 flu virus on May 30. The patient was a 39-year-old woman from Moldova, living in Cyprus, who returned from the United States on May 28. 6 case have been confirmed in Cyprus.[12]
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The Food and Health Bureau of Hong Kong[13] issued travel advice for Mexico on April 26, 2009, which advised Hong Kong residents not to travel to Mexico unless absolutely necessary. The first case reported was a Mexican who flew in from Shanghai. The most recent case (the tenth) was found in a 56-year-old American who had flown in from San Francisco.[14] The Bureau also escalated the alert level from "alert" to "serious" on the same day,[15] which activated health protection measures in all ports of entry of Hong Kong. As such, temperature screening machines are used at all checkpoints to identify passengers with fever and respiratory symptoms. Any passenger who fails the temperature test and confirmed having a fever will be quarantined and sent to public hospital for further investigation.[14] Hong Kong also became one of the first jurisdictions to to declare swine flu as a notifiable disease, and much of the procedures against the spread of the swine flu were learned from the 2003 SARS outbreak, of which Hong Kong was the epicenter of the outbreak.[16][17]
The Secretary for Food and Health Dr. York Chow stated that special attention will be paid to passengers who come from countries where human infection of swine influenza cases have been reported.[15]
On May 1, one case became the first confirmed case of swine flu in Hong Kong and also the first in Asia after being tested positive by the University of Hong Kong and the Department of Health of Hong Kong. The Mexican patient, who travelled with two companions from Mexico to Hong Kong with a stopover in Shanghai Pudong Airport, arrived in Hong Kong on April 30. Metropark Hotel Wanchai, where the patient stayed, was cordoned off by the police and health officials from the Centre for Health Protection.[18][19][20][21] All 350 guests and hotel staff have to remain inside the hotel for seven days. After the first swine flu case was confirmed by laboratory, Chief Executive Sir Donald Tsang raised Hong Kong's response level from "serious" to "emergency".[22]
On May 2, a total of 12 Metropark Hotel guests who were not willing to stay in the hotel were moved to Lady MacLehose Holiday Village in Sai Kung for quarantine.[23]
On June 11, the Educational and Manpower Bureau issued a letter ordering all kindergardens, primary and special schools to suspend all class and examinations for a 14-day period. As of June 21, 20 secondary schools have been ordered to suspend classes and examinations for another 14 days after a confirmed case of human swine flu was found in each school. 444 case has been confirmed in Hong Kong. [24]
The Government of India has decided to screen all people entering India via the main airport hubs of Mumbai, New Delhi, Goa, Jaipur, Kochi, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore and Hyderabad. It said the primary focus will be on passengers entering from the United States of America, United Kingdom, Canada, Mexico, France, and New Zealand. A team of 32 medical professionals have been posted at these airports. The Ministry of Health is also trying to track down people who have entered India from Mexico in the last 10 days.[25] It has been reported that one person recently traveled from Texas to Hyderabad with flu symptoms and was quarantined, but authorities refused to divulge his identity.[26] Government health officials & WHO subsequently stated that there is no Swine flu in India and the said patient recovered from a common cold.[27] Three other suspected cases of swine flu have been noticed.[28] Two of them were flying from Chicago and the other one, who is UK citizen, aged 35, arrived from London. All of whom have been kept under observation in a hospital.[29] As of June 24 2009, 73 case have been confirmed in India.[30]
After a coordination meeting about the flu on April 27, 2009, the Indonesian government halted the importation of pigs and initiated the examination of 9 million pigs in Indonesia.[31] Thermal scanners which can detect human body temperature have been installed at Indonesian ports of entry. Temperatures above 38 degrees Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit) cause the devices to beep, indicating fever. The devices have been installed in Soekarno-Hatta International Airport and Halim Perdana Kusuma Airport in Jakarta, Juanda Airport in Surabaya, Hang Nadim Airport in Batam, Hasanudin Airport in Makassar, Ngurah Rai Airport in Denpasar, Sepinggan Airport in Balikpapan, and Tanjung Priok Seaport, gates one and two in Jakarta and taking action right now. First 2 H1N1 case confirmed.[32]
375 cases have been confirmed in Israel.[33] In response to the outbreak, the Israeli Deputy Minister of Health, Yaakov Litzman, has said that because swine are unclean, the outbreak needs to be renamed, and so in Israel, out of respect for the religious sensibilities of Jews and Muslims, it should be called "Mexican Flu". This was done so as to not confuse the population into thinking that they could not acquire the virus if they did not eat pork.[34][35] The Israeli government retracted this proposal following Mexican complaints.[36]
Few American students who had visited the presidential residence (בית הנשיא, Beit HaNassi) and met president Shimon Peres were diagnosed with the flu. Workers of Beit HaNassi were asked to be checked.[37]
The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan instructed animal quarantine offices across Japan to examine any live pigs being brought into Japan to make sure they are not infected with the influenza.[38] Japanese Agriculture Minister Shigeru Ishiba appeared on television to reassure customers that it is safe to eat pork.[39] The Japanese farm ministry said that it would not ask for restrictions on pork imports because the virus was unlikely to turn up in pork, and would be killed by cooking.[40]
On 30 April 2009, the first suspected case was detected at Narita Airport. However, the case turned out to be a conventional strain of influenza A subtype H3N2 (Hong Kong A strain).[41] On 1 May 2009, the second suspected case was detected in Yokohama.[42] This case also turned out to be a conventional strain of influenza A subtype H1N1 (Russian A strain).[43] Meanwhile Japan has not stopped any flights or means of travelling between Japan and Mexico.
On 8 May, the first three cases were confirmed. The infected patients had spent time in Oakville, Canada and returned to Japan via Detroit.[44][45] On 10 May, another case was confirmed from a student who came from a school trip to Canada, making it the fourth case of Japan.[46]
On 16 May, the first domestic infection was confirmed in Kobe. The male high school student did not have a history of travel abroad and thought it was a seasonal flu, and PCR test was not done in timely manner. Two other students are suspected, and 17 other students are claiming influenza-like symptoms. The route of the infection was not traceable.[47]
On 18 May, 130 cases had been confirmed, including employees of a railway kiosk and a bank. Several railway kiosks in Kobe were closed, and 70 other bank workers who had worked with the infected person were told to stand by at home. All schools in the Osaka and Hyogo Prefectures were suspended. There have been 944 case confirmed in Japan as of 24 June 2009.[48]
About 18 people on U.S. military bases in Kuwait have tested positive for swine flu, a U.S. Central Command spokeswoman said Friday.
They are the first cases reported in Kuwait. It remains unclear whether the virus has spread to the civilian population.
The names and units of the infected people were not immediately available.
Maj. Kristi Beckman, speaking from Central Command headquarters in Tampa, said everyone who tested positive for the virus was quarantined in military health facilities approved by officials from the Kuwaiti Ministry of Health.
The World Health Organization report Friday (date?) about H1N1 influenza did not include Kuwait on its list of countries where the virus is present.
Kuwait is used as a staging area for soldiers heading to or from the war in Iraq.
On April 28, the Kuwait Times newspaper reported that the country was free of the virus.
The country is aggressively screening anyone arriving in Kuwait to prevent the virus from entering the country, Beckman said. Anyone who exhibits symptoms of the illness is immediately isolated and tested using WHO and Centers for Disease Control guidelines, Beckman said.
“The embassy in Kuwait has been working with the Kuwait Ministry of Health and other U.S. military elements in Kuwait just to assure we’re safeguarding the health of all residents in Kuwait,” Beckman said.
The U.S. has about 135,000 troops fighting in Iraq, Kuwait’s northern neighbor. About 4,000 soldiers from the 30th Heavy Brigade Combat Team of the North Carolina National Guard deployed to Iraq last month. And about 3,500 paratroopers from the 82nd Airborne Division’s 3rd Brigade Combat Team started a yearlong deployment to Iraq in December. There have been 26 cases reported in Kuwait so far.[49]
The Lao government agreed to buy 10 thermal imaging machines and install them at the country's major immigration border checkpoints. The machines would help officials identify anyone entering the country with a high temperature and create confidence among Lao people, foreigners living in Laos and people traveling to Laos. Health officials would be on hand at international border checkpoints to ensure anyone found to be infected could be treated immediately. Each machine could cost about US$25,000. The decision to buy them was made after the government found visitors to Laos included people coming from the United States, Spain and other affected countries.
The Prime Minister Bouasone Bouphavanh said masks should be made available and health officials would be assigned to work at border checkpoints. The machines would help officials identify anyone entering the country with a high temperature and create confidence among Lao people, foreigners living in Laos and people travelling to Laos. Health officials would be on hand at international border checkpoints to ensure anyone found to be infected could be treated immediately. On June 18, the first case in Laos was confirmed [50].
Three cases of swine flu have been diagnosed in Lebanon (30 May 2009), the first in the country, Health Minister Mohammad Jawad Khalifeh announced on Saturday. "One Lebanese man who was in Spain and two Canadians who arrived in Lebanon a week ago are suffering from swine flu," Khalifeh told AFP. "We put them in quarantine and the blood samples we have taken every day have proven to be positive. "The Lebanese man and the two visiting Canadians -- a woman and her daughter -- were given the proper medical treatment in time and they are well now." He told a press conference said the man was part of a group of 22 Lebanese who had been attending a training seminar in Spain at an institute where the disease was later detected. "That prompted us to check all the passengers on board the plane on which the group was returning and one case was detected," Khalifeh said. He added that the virus was not homegrown and came from abroad. "We are going to have to take additional measures," he said. "We are going to take more precautions at the airport." He said health authorities may use thermal scanners at the airport to detect passengers with fever. "The situation is under control," he said.
The Lebanese Health Minister Mohammad Jawad Khalifeh asked citizens to stop the social habit of greeting with kissing, as it is a Lebanese habit to greet each other with three kisses on the cheek. He also requested that affected schoolchildren be kept at home and that travel to countries in which cases have been confirmed be avoided.[51] Beirut also banned the import of pork.[52]
On May 30 , Lebanon confirms three cases of swine flu.[53]
On June 18, the first case was confirmed. The victim was a Filipino arriving Macau the day before.[54]The first local case was confirmed on June 23. On that day there were 8 confirmed cases.[55]
Malaysia first case of Influenza A (H1N1) was confirmed on May 15, 2009. there has been 80 confirmed cases.[56]
A ministerial committee has been established to supervise swine flu preventive measures to avoid an outbreak. All visitors arriving at the Malé International Airport on Hulhule Island and the country’s three commercial seaports are being screened.[57]
Myanmar (Burma)
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Deputy Health Minister inspects human flu preventive measures at airport YANGON, May 1-Chairman of Global Human Flu Prevention and Response Work Committee Deputy Minister for Health Dr Mya Oo inspected preventive measures against the human flu at Yangon International Airport today.[58]
Pakistan has taken precautionary measures at the international airports to check passengers coming from swine flu affected countries.[59] Doctors are checking the incoming passengers and allow entry only to those with no flu symptoms. The major hospitals in all the big cities are on high alert.
Health Secretary Francisco T. Duque III ordered the Bureau of Quarantine to use thermal imaging equipment at airports to screen passengers coming from the US for flu symptoms.[60][61] The Philippines may quarantine travelers arriving from Mexico with fevers.[62] Also, the Secretary of the Department of Agriculture issued an order banning the importation of hogs from the U.S. and Mexico, and the retraction of the restriction of swine influenza vaccine use.[63] The medical alert phase is already Code White, the lowest.[64]
On May 18, 2009, a Filipina girl who arrived from the US was the first confirmed case of H1N1 virus in the Philippines. Health Secretary Duque advised that the girl is in stable condition and is in quarantine.[65]
On June 3, 2009, a foreign exchange student in De La Salle University-Manila was confirmed with H1N1 virus and the school was closed for ten days starting June 4.[66]
As of June 5, 2009, the Total of confirmed cases of A(H1N1) virus rose from 29 cases last June 4 to 33 confirmed cases as of June 5. Philippine Health Secretary Francisco Duque III said the new cases are two siblings and another student of De La Salle University.[67]
Because of the said incident, on June 6, 2009, the Commission in Higher Education [CHED] moved the opening of classes in all colleges and universities in Metro Manila from June 8, 2009 to June 15, 2009.
First fatality was reported, a 49-year-old female from Metro Manila.[68]
The Health Ministry has announced detection of a case of swine flu which affected a Filipino nurse working at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center. Dr Abdullah al-Rabee'a, the Health Minister said the detection of the case has come within the framework of the efforts being exerted by the Health Ministry to follow up developments in this respect. In a statement to the Saudi Press Agency, he said the nurse, who had spent her holidays in Philippines, returned to Riyadh on Friday, May 29, 2009, aboard one of the flights of the Gulf Air."Symptoms of the disease appeared in the case of the nurse on Monday June 1, 2009, and she was admitted to the KFSHRC for conducting the required medical examinations pertaining to Swine Flu, he said, noting that the results of the medical examinations were disclosed on Tuesday evening, confirming the case as "Positive". In the light of the measures of the World Health Organization (WHO) the medical examinations were conducted for the second time on Tuesday evening, he said, adding that the examinations proved the infection of the nurse for A/H-I N-I on Wednesday morning. Dr Al-Rabee'a said the Health Ministry in cooperation with King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center has applied the national plan for the prevention of Swine Flu in a manner that matches with the recommendations of WHO. Accordingly, the patient was isolated and provided with the required medical treatment. Arrangements are underway to examine those who were in contact with the patient to get sure that they are not infected.[69]
The first case of Influenza A (H1N1-2009) was confirmed on May 27, 2009 in Singapore. As of June 24 there were 220 confirmed cases.[70]
South Korea warned against travel to Mexico City and three Mexican states.[39] The government has also stepped up quarantine and safety checks on travelers arriving from the United States and Mexico, and pork imports from those countries. An emergency quarantine system is also in place, with simple tests conducted on people arriving with flu symptoms at airports.[8] On April 28, South Korea reported its first probable case of swine flu after positive preliminary tests on a nun who had recently returned from a trip to Mexico.[71] Several sources have informed that one case has been confirmed by lab in South Korea, on April 30.[72][73] On May 2, the first suspected woman turned out to be infected with the influenza A subtype H1N1. South Korea became the second infected nation in Asia. There have been 142 case in S.Korea.[74]
Taiwan (Republic of China)
On May 20, 2009, the first case of the influenza has been confirmed in Taiwan.[75]
The government had previously taken several steps to prevent the possible outbreak of Swine Flu, including a command center set up, travel alerts for infected nations,[39] and more severe health check been conducted at international ports. Taiwan said visitors who came back from affected areas with fevers would be quarantined.[76] According to The Department of Health (DOH), Taiwan has a sufficient supply of surgical masks and vaccine to deal with the flu. The DOH also stated that they have 50 million to 60 million masks in stock and local manufacturers have the capability of producing 200,000 doses of the flu vaccine a month.[77] In an effort to prevent the entry of the swine influenza, the Centers for Disease Control has announced on April 28 that every flight from the Americas, specifically Canada and the United States, that arrives in Taiwan from April 29 and onward will be subject to a strict on-board screening procedure. There are 61 confirmed case of H1N1 in Taiwan so far.[78]
On Tuesday, May 13th, 2009 Thailand confirmed two cases of swine flu. Both of the individuals confirmed as having swine flu had recently traveled to Mexico. By June 2nd there had been five cases of swine flu identified in Thailand. There are 985 confirmed case in Thailand. Community Outbreaks confirmed.
Vietnam's Ministry of Health released an emergency dispatch and urged agencies to take precautionary measures against swine flu. In addition, the Preventive Health and Environment Bureau requested all health facilities to carefully monitor any suspected H1N1 case and Bureau head Nguyen Huy Nga also warned that the pandemic could enter Vietnam through imported swine or border gates.[79] Thermal imaging devices were dispatched to airports and border gates to screen passengers.[80] In response to WHO's warnings, Vietnam on April 30, 2009 raised its swine flu alert level to 4 which indicated a "threat of community level outbreaks" while local authorities have been executing precautionary measures.[81]
On May 1, 2009 an Vietnam's Ministry of Industry and Trade official said that Ministry was considering a ban on pork import "under certain situations" to prevent swine flu from entering Vietnam.[82]
As of May 31, 2009. The Government of Vietnam announced its First new case of A(H1N1) virus in the Country. A 23 years old Vietnamese student who recently returned from the United States has tested positive for swine flu.[83]
Timeline
| 2009 | A(H1N1) Outbreak and Pandemic Milestones in Asia |
|---|---|
| 28 April |  First case confirmed in Israel.
|
| 1 May |  First case confirmed in Hong Kong, China.
|
| 2 May |  First case confirmed in South Korea.
|
| 8 May |  First case confirmed in Japan.
|
| 10 May |  First case confirmed in China.
|
| 12 May |  First case confirmed in Thailand.
|
| 15 May |  First case confirmed in Malaysia.
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| 16 May |  First case confirmed in India.
|
| 17 May | Community outbreaks confirmed.
|
| 19 May |  First case confirmed in Taiwan.
|
| 21 May |  First case confirmed in Philippines.
|
| 24 May |  First case confirmed in Kuwait.
|
 First case confirmed in United Arab Emirates.
| |
| 25 May |  First case confirmed in Bahrain.
|
| 27 May |  First case confirmed in Singapore.
|
| 30 may |  First case confirmed in Lebanon.
|
| 31 May |  First case confirmed in Vietnam.
|
| 2 June |  First case confirmed in Egypt.
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| 3 June |  First case confirmed in Saudi Arabia.
|
| 11 June |  First case confirmed in the Palestinian Territories.
|
| Community outbreaks confirmed.
| |
| 14 June | Community outbreaks confirmed.
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| 16 June |  First confirmed case in Jordan.
|
 First confirmed case in Qatar.
| |
 First confirmed case in Sri Lanka.
| |
| Community outbreaks confirmed..
| |
 First confirmed case in Yemen.
| |
| 17 June |  First case confirmed in Oman.
|
| Community outbreaks confirmed.
| |
| 18 June |  First case confirmed in Macau.
|
 First case confirmed in Papua New Guinea.
| |
 First case confirmed in Laos.
| |
| 19 June |  First case confirmed in Bangladesh.
|
| 22 June | First death confirmed in the Philippines.
|
| 23 June | Community outbreaks confirmed
|
| 24 June |  First case confirmed in Indonesia.
|
 First case confirmed in Cambodia
|
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