Kalkatungu language
Kalkatungu | |
---|---|
Region | Mount Isa area, Queensland, Australia |
Extinct | (date missing) |
Pama–Nyungan?
| |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | ktg |
ELP | Kalkatungu |
Kalkatungu (also written Kalkutungu, Galgadungu, Kalkutung, Kalkadoon, Galgaduun) is an extinct Australian Aboriginal language formerly spoken around the area of Mount Isa, Queensland.
Classification
Kalkatungu is sometimes grouped with Yalarnnga as the Kalkatungic or Galgadungic branch of the Pama–Nyungan family. O'Grady et al, however, [1], classify it as the sole member of the "Kalkatungic group" of the Pama-Nyungan family while Dixon(2002)[2] regards it as simply an areal group. According to Ethnologue, Kalkatungu is now extinct and members of this ethnic group now speak English.
Phonology
Vowels
Front | Zurück | |
---|---|---|
Hoch | i iː | u uː |
Niedrig | a aː |
Consonants
Peripheral | Laminal | Apical | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bilabial | Velar | Palatal | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | |
Stop | p | k | c | t̪ | t | ʈ |
Nasal | m | ŋ | ɲ | n̪ | n | ɳ |
Lateral | ʎ | l̪ | l | ɭ | ||
Rhotic | r | ɻ | ||||
Semivowel | w | j |
Stress
Like in English, word stress is realised in terms of loudness. Sentence stress is also organised similar to English with the first syllable in the final word of a phonological phrase getting the main stress.(tonic stress) Moreover,if there are more than two words in a phrase, the first syllable of the first word receives more stress than the non-final words.
Kalkatungu sign language
Kendon (1988)shows in his work that Kalkatungu also had a developed sign form of their language.[4]
References
- ^ ) O'Grady G.N Voegelen C.F,Voegelen F.M (1966) Languages of the Indo Pacific Fascicle six Anthropological linguistics 8/2
- ^ *Dixon, R. M. W. (2002). Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- ^ *Blake, B. J. (1979). A Kalkatungu grammar. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
- ^ Kendon, A. (1988) Sign Languages of Aboriginal Australia: Cultural, Semiotic and Communicative Perspectives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
External links