Angiotensin II receptor type 1
Template:PBB Angiotensin II receptor, type 1 or AT1 receptor is an angiotensin receptor. It has vasopressor effects and regulates aldosterone secretion. It is an important effector controlling blood pressure and volume in the cardiovascular system. Angiotensin II receptor antagonists are drugs indicated for hypertension, diabetic nephropathy and congestive heart failure.
It is the best elucidated angiotensin receptor. receptor.
Mechanism
The angiotensin receptor is activated by the vasoconstricting peptide angiotensin II. The activated receptor in turn couples to Gq/11 and thus activates phospholipase C and increases the cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations, which in turn triggers cellular responses such as stimulation of protein kinase C. Activated receptor also inhibits adenylate cyclase and activates various tyrosine kinases.[1]
Effects
The AT1 receptor mediates the major cardiovascular effects of angiotensin II. Effects include vasoconstriction, aldosterone synthesis and secretion, increased vasopressin secretion, cardiac hypertrophy, augmentation of peripheral noradrenergic activity, vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation, decreased renal blood flow, renal renin inhibition, renal tubular sodium reuptake, modulation of central sympathetic nervous system activity, cardiac contractility, central osmocontrol and extracellular matrix formation.[2]
Pathology
The AT1 receptor may play role in the generation of reperfusion arrhythmias following restoration of blood flow to ischemic or infarcted myocardium.
Gene
It was previously thought that a related gene, denoted as AGTR1B, existed; however, it is now believed that there is only one type 1 receptor gene in humans. At least four transcript variants have been described for this gene. Additional variants have been described but their full-length nature has not been determined. The entire coding sequence is contained in the terminal exon and is present in all transcript variants.[3]
Interactions
Angiotensin II receptor type 1 has been shown to interact with Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 16.[4] The protein's mRNA has been reported to interact with Mir-132 microRNA as part of an RNA silencing mechanism that reduces receptor expression.[5]
References
- ^ Higuchi S, Ohtsu H, Suzuki H, Shirai H, Frank GD, Eguchi S (2007). "Angiotensin II signal transduction through the AT1 receptor: novel insights into mechanisms and pathophysiology". Clin. Sci. 112 (8): 417–28. doi:10.1042/CS20060342. PMID 17346243.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Catt KJ, Mendelsohn FA, Millan MA, Aguilera G (1984). "The role of angiotensin II receptors in vascular regulation". J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 6 (Suppl 4): S575–86. doi:10.1097/00005344-198406004-00004. PMID 6083400.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Entrez Gene: AGTR1 angiotensin II receptor, type 1".
- ^ Senbonmatsu T, Saito T, Landon EJ, Watanabe O, Price E, Roberts RL, Imboden H, Fitzgerald TG, Gaffney FA, Inagami T (2003). "A novel angiotensin II type 2 receptor signaling pathway: possible role in cardiac hypertrophy". EMBO J. 22 (24): 6471–82. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdg637. PMC 291832. PMID 14657020.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Elton TS, Kuhn DE, Malana GE, Martin MM, Nuovo GJ, Pleister AP, Feldman DS (2007). "MiR-132 Regulates Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Expression Through a Protein Coding Region Binding Site". Circulation. 118 (18): S513.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
External links
- "Angiotensin Receptors: AT1". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology.
Further reading
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.