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Lasius

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Lasius
Temporal range: Eocene-Present, 46–0 Ma
Lasius sp. from Germany
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Hymenoptera
Suborder:
Apocrita
Superfamily:
Vespoidea
Family:
Formicidae
Subfamily:
Formicinae
Tribe:
Lasiini
Genus:
Lasius

Fabricius, 1804
Diversity[1]
133 species
Synonyms

Donisthorpea Morice & Durrant, 1915
Tylolasius Zhang, J., 1989

Lasius is a genus of formicine ants.[2] The type species for this genus is the black garden ant, Lasius niger. Other major members, which live in drier heathland, are the cornfield ant, L. neoniger, and L. alienus. Other species include the temporary social parasites of the L. mixtus group and the hyper-social parasite Lasius fuliginosus. Lasius flavus is also a commonly seen species, building grassy hillocks in undisturbed pasture. In the Alps, these mounds - always aligned east to catch the first rays of the rising sun - have been traditionally used by goatherds as natural compasses.[citation needed]

Moisture ants

Many Lasius species, known collectively as "moisture ants" in the United States, make their nests in and around moist rotting wood as well as under rocks.[3][4] They can infest buildings, particularly foundation forms in contact with soil, becoming a minor nuisance.[5][3] They are not considered a structural threat because they only make their galleries in wood that is already decayed.[5] Some species build "cartonlike" nests in moist locations made of decayed wood fragments cemented together with honeydew and the ant's mandibular gland secretions.[4] Workers are monomorphic, 2 to 3 mm long, yellow to dark brown.[3] They are secretive, and forage mostly at night for honeydew and other sweet substances, and may also prey on small insects.[3] Winged reproductive males and females swarm in late summer and fall, which is when building infestations may be noticed.[3] They are distinguished from carpenter ants (Camponotus), another structure-infesting species, by being much smaller, and having a notch in the dorsal thorax (top of the center body division), where carpenter ants have a rounded thorax.[5][3] Widespread moisture ant species include L. alienus and L. neoniger, as well as some Acanthomyops species.[4]

Species

Lasius niger, queen, workers, and eggs
Cornfield ant, Lasius alienus
Lasius flavus

References

  1. ^ Bolton, B. (2014). "Lasius". AntCat. Retrieved 17 July 2014.
  2. ^ "Genus: Lasius". AntWeb. Retrieved 2012-02-05.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Klotz, John H. (2010). Urban Pest Management of Ants in California. UCANR Publications, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California. pp. 54–55. ISBN 1601076649.
  4. ^ a b c Klotz, John H. (2008). Urban Ants of North America and Europe: Identification, Biology, and Management. Cornell University Press. pp. 39–44. ISBN 0801474736.
  5. ^ a b c Antonelli, Art (2007). "Extension Bulletin 1382: Moisture Ants" (PDF). WSU Extension. Washington State University. Retrieved March 4, 2013. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  • Media related to Lasius at Wikimedia Commons
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