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Bread (1986 film)

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For other uses, see Bread (disambiguation).
DVD cover

Bread (Hebrew: לחם, tr. Lehem) is an 84-minute 1986 Israeli Hebrew-language Prix Italia-winning independent underground dramatic television art film directed by Ram Loevy and cowritten with Gilad Evron [he] and Meir Doron.

Synopsis

The film tells follows Shlomo Elmaliach (Rami Danon [he]), who loses his job at his town’s local bakery when it is forced to close. Rather than join the other unemployed protesters, Elmaliach locks himself in his own home and launches a very personal hunger strike. At first, people come to visit him at his home, and there is even a rumor that television reporters might show up (quickly dismissed by Elmaliach’s friend Zaguri, played by Avner Dan [he], “they only come when there is a ruckus”). Gradually, even Elmaliach’s own friends abandon him, and he ends up dragging his own family down with him. A son, Baruch (Moshe Ivgy), seeks radical solutions to poverty, while a daughter, Navah (Etti Ankri, who also sings), who has escaped to Tel Aviv-Yafo to study, returns to her home and takes on a job on a production line, and Elmaliach’s wife, Mazal (Rivka Bahar [he]), takes on a job as a seamstress. At the end of the film, the factory is reopened as a result of all of the protests, however, by then it is too late for Shlomo Elmaliach. The film was produced by the Israel Broadcasting Authority, was broadcast on Channel 1, features music composed by Nahum Nardi to lyrics written by Nathan Alterman (plus the 1984 song I Just Called to Say I Love You by Stevie Wonder), and stars inter alia Shmil Ben Ari, Jonathan Cherchi [he], Rita Shukrun [he], and Reuven Dayan [he].[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]

The Bride and the Butterfly Hunter

This 44-minute 1974 film (Hebrew: הכלה וצייד הפרפרים, tr. HaKala VeTzayad HaParparim) is a quirky, surrealistic film version of the 1966 play The Bride and the Butterfly Hunter [he] written by Nisim Aloni about a bride, Mee (Gila Almagor), who flees her own wedding and a clerk, Gets (Yossi Banai), who flees his humdrum existence by escaping to the park every Wednesday afternoon in order to hunt—and release—butterflies. The encounter between the two takes place in a park, where political propaganda is being broadcast over a loudspeaker system. Though this is not integral to the story, it indicates that even in the most whimsical encounters it is impossible to escape the overbearing presence of political forces exploiting the conflicts in Israel for their own advantage. It features a score composed by Shem Tov Levi and paintings drawn by Yosl Bergner and stars inter alia Yossi Pollak [he], Lia Dultzkaya [he], Alexander Peleg [he], and Yoram Arbel [he].[1][8]

Hirbet Hizah

The Hirbet Hizah cast from left to right: Amos Tal-Shir [he], Itzik Aloni, Dalik Wollinitz [he], Gidi Gov, Avi Luzia, Shraga Harpaz [he], and Avraham Sidi

This 48-minute 1978 film (Hebrew: חירבת־חיזעה), a dramatization of the 1949 novella Khirbet Khizeh written by S. Yizhar with a budget of 700,000 Israeli pounds and a script penned by Daniella Carmi [de; fr; he], tells of how Israeli soldiers have expelled the Arab inhabitants of the fictional village of Hirbet Hizah from their homes towards the end of Israel’s War of Independence. It stars inter alia Zvi Borodo [he] and was edited by Tova Ascher.[1][2][4][8][11][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] The film was first aired on 13 February 1978.

Indian in the Sun

This 60-minute 1981 film (Hebrew: אינדיאני בשמש, tr. Indiani BaShemesh), based on a short story penned by the Israeli journalist and author Adam Baruch and cowritten with Dita Guery [he] and Michael Lev-Tov [he], revolves around Laufer (Doron Nesher [he]), an Israeli soldier from the wealthy suburbs of northern Tel Aviv-Yafo, who is ordered to accompany another soldier (Haim Garfi), known only as “the Indian,” to prison. “The Indian” was a dark-skinned Cochin Jew and a moshavnik and the film highlights the patronizing attitudes that Laufer has to his charge. Over time, however, and as the driver, Atias (Moshe Ivgy), watches, the two realize that they share a common enemy in the Establishment, and Laufer even offers to help the Indian escape. All the while, the driver watches in trepidation as two extremes of the Israeli social spectrum find that they have more in common than they thought, and begin to forge an alliance between them. The film, which has won the Kinor David for the best Israeli television production of the year, was edited by Tova Ascher and stars inter alia Liron Nirgad [he], Rami Danon, and Albert Iluz [he].[1][8][24][25]

Crowned

This 70-minute 1989 film (Hebrew: כתר בראש, tr. Keter BaRosh, literally “A Crown on the Head”), based on a play authored by the author Yaakov Shabtai (the script was cowritten with Ephraim Sidon), is an intense comedy-drama based on the final days of the Biblical King David (Avner Hizkiyahu [he; id]). As his life approaches its end, he faces the most difficult task of his forty-year reign—giving up his crown to the next generation. Or, perhaps, he might even find a way to keep the crown for himself. The fact that this film was aired when Israel was itself forty years old was not lost on its audience. The film features a soundtrack scored by Shlomo Israeli [he] and stars inter alia Rami Barukh [he; ro], Arnon Zadok [he], Tchia Danon [he], Dov Reiser, Jacques Cohen, Yossi Ashdot [he], Rony Blitz [he], Yaacov Cohen [he], Erez Shafrir [he], and Eran Ben-Ze’ev [he].[1][8][11]

Reception

The journalist Uri Klein [he] has compared the film to the works of Alain Resnais, Chris Marker, Agnès Varda, and Michelangelo Antonioni and has opined that it “is still very powerful, and it seems as relevant today as it was on the day it was first aired.”[26] All five films were released in Israel as part of a DVD boxset in 2009.[27]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Parkhomovsky, Marat [he]. רם לוי [Ram Loevy]. Israeli Cinema Testimonial Database [he] (in Hebrew). Tel Aviv-Yafo and Jerusalem: Ministry of Culture and Sport’s Israel Film Council, Israel Film Fund [he], Mifal HaPayis’s Mifal HaPais Council for the Culture and Arts [he], Jerusalem Cinematheque, Tel Aviv Cinematheque, Scriptwriters Guild of Israel [he], and Israel Film and Television Directors Guild [he]. 20 February 2013. Retrieved 22 September 2018. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help)
  2. ^ a b Schenkar, Guilhad Emilio (25 February 2016). חי בסרט – רם לוי [Living in Films – Ram Loevy] (in Hebrew). Jerusalem: Ministry of Education’s Israeli Educational Television. Retrieved 22 September 2018.
  3. ^ Kronish, Amy W.; Safirman, Costel (May 2003). Israeli Film: A Reference Guide. Reference Guides to the World’s Cinema, Series Editor: Prof. Dr. Pierre L. Horn. Westport, Connecticut and London: ABC-CLIO’s Greenwood Publishing Group and Praeger Publishers. pp. 40–41. ISBN 9780313321443. OCLC 845524002. Retrieved 22 September 2018.
  4. ^ a b Ne’eman, Prof. Dr. Yehuda Judd [he]. Israeli Cinema. In: Leaman, Prof. Dr. Oliver Norbert Harold, ed. (October 2001). Companion Encyclopedia of Middle Eastern and North African Film. London and New York, New York: Informa’s Taylor & Francis and Routledge. pp. 281, 285–286. ISBN 9781134662517. OCLC 45466264. Retrieved 22 September 2018. {{cite book}}: |first= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ Bread. In: Kaufman, Deborah; Plotkin, Janis; Orenstein, Rena, eds. (1991). A Guide to Films Featured in the Jewish Film Festival. Berkeley, California: Jewish Film Festival. p. 16. OCLC 25527469. Retrieved 24 September 2018. {{cite book}}: |first3= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Reprinted in: Plotkin, Janis; Libresco, Caroline; Feiger, Josh, eds. (1996). Independent Jewish Film: A Resource Guide (3rd. ed.). San Francisco, California: San Francisco Jewish Film Festival. p. 49. ISBN 9780965068802. OCLC 36119531. Retrieved 22 September 2018. {{cite book}}: |first3= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ Kronish, Amy W. (1996). World Cinema: Israel. World Cinema, Volume 6, Series Editor: Frank Bren. Trowbridge and Cranbury, New Jersey: Flicks Books and Rosemont Publishing & Printing Corp.’s Associated University Presses. p. 203. ISBN 9780948911705. OCLC 568122092. Retrieved 22 September 2018.
  7. ^ Pinto, Goel [he]. רטרוספקטיווה לבמאי רם לוי לכבוד 20 שנה ללחם [A Retrospective in Honor of the Director Ram Loevy Honoring Twenty Years of Bread]. Haaretz (in Hebrew). Tel Aviv-Yafo: M. DuMont Schauberg and Haaretz Group [ar; de; he]. 28 December 2015. Retrieved 22 September 2018.
  8. ^ a b c d e Levy, Maya (15 October 2009). תוגת הישראליות [The Melancholia of Israeliness]. At Magazine [he] (in Hebrew). Petah Tikva and Tel Aviv-Yafo: Steimatzky’s and Yuval Sigler Communication Ltd. [he]’s Time Out Israel Ltd.’s Time Out Tel Aviv [he]. Retrieved 22 September 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  9. ^ Offek, Assa; Kedar, Eran (24 September 2012). מחלקים דיוידנדים: חשבון הנפש שלכם מול המסך [Disseminating Dividends: Your Moral Reckoning vis-à-vis the Screen]. Yedioth Ahronoth’s Ynet (in Hebrew). Rishon LeZion: Yedioth Ahronoth Group. Retrieved 22 September 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  10. ^ Ziv, Nevo (15 December 2015). בקול רם [In a Mighty Voice]. Yedioth Ahronoth’s Ynet (in Hebrew). Rishon LeZion: Yedioth Ahronoth Group. Retrieved 22 September 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  11. ^ a b c Gross, Natan [he; pl]. הסרט העברי – פרקים בתולדות הראינוע והקולנוע בישראל: 1896–1991 [The Hebrew Film – Chapters in the Annals of Silent and Sound Cinema in Israel: 1896–1991] (in Hebrew). Jerusalem: Natan and Yaacov Gross [he]. 1991. pp. 454, 462, 464. OCLC 27221790. Retrieved 23 September 2018.
  12. ^ Bread – A Television Drama. New Outlook, Volume 30. Tel Aviv-Yafo: Tatzpiot Ltd. and Mapam. 1987. p. 46. Retrieved 23 September 2018. {{cite news}}: Invalid |script-title=: missing prefix (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  13. ^ Schäfer, Horst; Schobert, Walter, Hrsg. (September 1995). Bread. Fischer Film Almanach 1995: Filme, Festivals, Tendenzen, mit TV- und Video-Erstaufführungen [de]. Fischer Cinema, Lektorat: Ingeborg Mues (in German). Stuttgart und Frankfurt am Main: Holtzbrinck Publishing Groups S. Fischer Verlag, S. 66. ISBN 9783596127627. OCLC 832650440. Retrieved 23 September 2018. {{cite news}}: Invalid |script-title=: missing prefix (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  14. ^ Almog, Prof. Dr. Oz [he] פרידה משרוליק: שינוי ערכים באליטה הישראלית [Farewell to “Srulik:” Changing Values Among the Israeli Elite] (in Hebrew). Vol. I. Haifa and Or Yehuda: University of Haifa’s Haifa University Press [he] and Kinneret Zmora-Bitan Dvir. 2004. p. 215. ISBN 9789653110519. OCLC 56795640. Retrieved 22 September 2018.
  15. ^ Ben-Ari, Prof. Dr. Nitsa [he]. חירבת־חיזעה: גלגולו של הסרט שהסעיר את ישראל [Hirbet Hizah: The Development of the Film That Has Shocked Israel]. Maariv (in Hebrew). Tel Aviv-Yafo: Jerusalem Post Group’s The Jerusalem Post. 22 December 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  16. ^ Bar-On, Yaacov (15 July 2018). רם לוי: ״ספק אם היום היו נותנים לי ליצור סרט פוליטי כמו חירבת־חיזעה״ [Ram Loevy: I Doubt If Today I Would Have Been Allowed to Create a Film as Political as Hirbet Hizah]. Maariv (in Hebrew). Tel Aviv-Yafo: Jerusalem Post Group’s The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 22 September 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  17. ^ Oren, Prof. Dr. Tasha G. (June 2004). Demon in the Box: Jews, Arabs, Politics, and Culture in the Making of Israeli Television. New Brunswick, New Jersey and London: Rutgers University’s Rutgers University Press. pp. 156–191. ISBN 9780813534206. OCLC 56823175. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
  18. ^ Shapira, Prof. Dr. Anita (Autumn 2000). Hirbet Hizah: Between Remembrance and Forgetting (PDF). Jewish Social Studies, New Series, Volume 7, Number 1. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Bloomington’s Indiana University Press. pp. 1–62. Retrieved 24 September 2018. {{cite news}}: Invalid |script-title=: missing prefix (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help) Reprinted in: Morris, Prof. Dr. Benny, ed. (November 2007). Making Israel. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan’s University of Michigan Library’s University of Michigan Press. pp. 81–123. ISBN 978047203216-7. OCLC 824101161. Retrieved 24 September 2018. {{cite book}}: |first= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  19. ^ Piterberg, Prof. Dr. Gabriel (May 2008). The Returns of Zionism: Myths, Politics and Scholarship in Israel. London and New York, New York: New Left Review’s Verso Books. pp. 225–226. ISBN 9781844672608. OCLC 804384727. Retrieved 24 September 2018. {{cite book}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  20. ^ Munk, Dr. Yael. From National Heroes to Postnational Witnesses: A Reconstruction of Israeli Soldiers’ Cinematic Narratives as Witnesses of History. In: Harris, Prof. Dr. Rachel S.; Omer-Sherman, Prof. Dr. Ranen, eds. (December 2012). Narratives of Dissent: War in Contemporary Israeli Arts and Culture. Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University’s Wayne State University Press. pp. 300–316. ISBN 9780814338049. OCLC 830022830. Retrieved 25 September 2018. {{cite book}}: |first2= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  21. ^ Bitzor, Yehoshua [he]. Waxman, Yosef; Levav, Amos (7 February 1978). בג״ץ ידון בעתירה נגד השר המר על שעיכב הקרנת חירבת־חיזעה בטלוויזיה אמש [Supreme Court to Deal With an Appeal Against Minister Hammer on Account of Having Postponed the Screening of Hirbet Hizah on Television Yesterday]. Maariv (in Hebrew). Tel Aviv-Yafo: Jerusalem Post Group’s The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 27 September 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  22. ^ אין לערער על עקרון חופש היצירה האמנותית [The Principle of Artistic Free Speech Should Not Be Tampered With]. Maariv (in Hebrew). Tel Aviv-Yafo: Jerusalem Post Group’s The Jerusalem Post. 23 February 1978. Retrieved 27 September 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  23. ^ Levav, Amos (10 February 1978). נשיא בית־המשפט העליון: ״המר נכנס לאותה מלכודת לתוכה נכנסה גולדה מאיר״ [Supreme Court President: Hammer Has Entered Into the Same Trap Into Which Golda Meir Has Entered]. Maariv (in Hebrew). Tel Aviv-Yafo: Jerusalem Post Group’s The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 27 September 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  24. ^ Harlap, Dr. Itay (2017). טעויות בשמש: קריאה בדרמת הטלוויזיה אינדיאני בשמש [Mistakes in the Sun: Reading the Television Drama Indian in the Sun] (PDF). Mikan: Journal for Literary Studies, Volume 17 (in Hebrew). Beersheba: Heksherim Research Institute for Jewish and Israeli Literature and Culture [he], The Department of Hebrew Literature, The Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. pp. 319–339. Retrieved 22 September 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  25. ^ Yudilovitch, Merav [he]. מארז די.וי.די לסרטיו של רם לוי [A Ram Loevy Films DVD Boxset]. Yedioth Ahronoth’s Ynet (in Hebrew). Rishon LeZion: Yedioth Ahronoth Group. 9 July 2009. Retrieved 22 September 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  26. ^ Klein, Uri (8 August 2009). Not By Bread Alone. Haaretz. Tel Aviv-Yafo: M. DuMont Schauberg and Haaretz Group. Retrieved 22 September 2018. {{cite news}}: Invalid |script-title=: missing prefix (help) Hebrew original: Klein, Uri (30 July 2009). לא על לחם לבדו [Not By Bread Alone]. Haaretz (in Hebrew). Tel Aviv-Yafo: M. DuMont Schauberg and Haaretz Group. Retrieved 23 September 2018. {{cite news}}: Invalid |script-title=: missing prefix (help)
  27. ^ Loevy, Ram (2009). 5 סרטים של רם לוי [5 Films By Ram Loevy] (DVD) (in Hebrew). Ramat HaSharon and Jerusalem: NMC Music’s Globus United King Films and Israel Broadcast Authority. OCLC 664665925. Retrieved 22 September 2018. Reported in: חדש בדי.וי.די: מארז סרטיו של רם לוי [New on DVD: A Ram Loevy Films Boxset]. Maariv (in Hebrew). Tel Aviv-Yafo: Jerusalem Post Group’s The Jerusalem Post. 14 July 2009. Retrieved 22 September 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help) Schiff, Einav (13 July 2009). מארז מהודר לסרטיו של הבמאי רם לוי [An Exclusive Boxset of the Films By the Director Ram Loevy]. Walla! NEWS [he] (in Hebrew). Tel Aviv-Yafo and Petah Tikva: Bezeq International Ltd. [he; ru]’s Walla!. Retrieved 22 September 2018. Tessler, Yitzhak (9 September 2009). שמאל טוק [Leftist Talk]. Maariv (in Hebrew). Tel Aviv-Yafo: Jerusalem Post Group’s The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 22 September 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help) Nuriel, Yehuda [he]. Offek, Assa (13 August 2009). רם ונישא [High and Mighty] (in Hebrew). Tel Aviv-Yafo: Third Ear DVDs [he]. Retrieved 22 September 2018.
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