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Visa requirements for Emirati citizens

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The cover of a biometric Emirati passport

Visa requirements for Emirati citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

As of 7 January 2020, Emirati citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 171 countries and territories, ranking the Emirati passport 18th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.[1] All other passports from the 'Arab world' had a lower ranking in this respect as of 1 December 2018.[2][3][4]

The Emirati passport is one of five passports with the greatest ranking improvement in the 2006-2016 time period.[5] The UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation plans to make the UAE passport one of the five strongest passports in the world by 2021.[6]

Emirati citizens do not need a visa to enter other Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and also have the right to work in those countries. Similarly, citizens of other GCC states, with the current exception of Qatar, do not need a visa to enter the UAE. GCC citizens (with the exception of Qataris) can use a GCC national identity card (rather than a passport) to enter the UAE.

Recent changes

Visa requirements for Emirati citizens were lifted by New Zealand (in July 1999),[7] Brunei (11 October 2003),[8] Kyrgyzstan (July 2012), Kazakhstan (July 2014), the Schengen Area countries (7 May 2015),[9] Belarus (30 April 2016),[10] Moldova (24 March 2017),[11] São Tomé and Príncipe (25 April 2017),[12][13] Argentina (16 May 2017),[14] Chad[15] and Saint Lucia in October 2017,[16] Nauru (19 November 2017),[17] Solomon Islands (19 November 2017),[18] Chile (16 December 2017),[19] Rwanda (30 December 2017),[20] Ukraine (31 December 2017),[21] China (16 January 2018),[22] Burkina Faso (30 January 2018),[23] Ireland (31 January 2018),[24] Uruguay (5 April 2018),[25] Tonga (24 May 2018),[26] Honduras (25 May 2018),[27] Brazil (2 June 2018),[28] Canada (5 June 2018),[29] Barbados (1 July 2018),[30] Mexico (31 October 2018),[31] Russia (17 February 2019),[32] Uzbekistan (20 March 2019).[33] South Africa (15 August 2019),[34] Paraguay (16 August 2019), [35] Central African Republic (8 October 2019),[36] Kiribati (23 October 2019). [37]

The first possibility of electronic visas for Emirati citizens began with the United Kingdom's electronic visa waiver (EVW) program that commenced on 1 January 2014,[38][39] followed by India[40] in November 2014, Lesotho on 1 May 2017, Benin on 1 January 2018, Uzbekistan on 15 July 2018, Tanzania on 26 November 2018,[41] and Pakistan on 14 March 2019.[42]

Visas on arrival for UAE citizens were introduced by Gabon in October 2017,[43] Guinea on 19 April 2018,[44] Guyana on 28 May 2018,[45] Mongolia on 15 May 2019[46] and Equatorial Guinea on 28 July 2019.[47]

Visa requirements map

Visa requirements for Emirati citizens
  UAE
  Freedom of movement
  Visa free access
  Visa on arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required

Visa requirements

Land Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Afghanistan Visa required[48]
 Albanien Visa not required[49] 90 days
 Algerien Visa required[50]
 Andorra Visa not required[51]
 Angola eVisa[52][53] 30 days
  • 30 days per trip, but no more than 90 days within any 1 calendar year for tourism purposes only.[54]
  • Visitors must have a return/onward ticket and a hotel reservation confirmation.[55]
  • An International Certificate of Vaccination is required.
 Antigua und Barbuda Visa not required[56] 30 days
 Argentinien Visa not required[57] 90 days
 Armenien Visa not required[58] 180 days
 Australien Visa required[59]
  • May apply online (Online Visitor e600 visa).[60]
  • Transit visa is not required.[61]
 Österreich Visa not required[62] 90 days
 Aserbaidschan eVisa / Visa on arrival[63] 30 days
  • Obtainable at any international airport.[64]
  • eVisa valid for 30 days available otherwise.[65]
 Bahamas Visa not required[66] 3 Monate
 Bahrain Visa not required[67]
 Bangladesch Visa on arrival[68] 30 days
 Barbados Visa not required[69][30] 90 days
 Weißrussland Visa not required[70] 30 days
 Belgien Visa not required[71] 90 days
 Belize Visa required[72]
  • Permanent residents and holders of multiple entry visa of the United States may obtain a visa on arrival. Bearers of valid visas issued by a Schengen Member State are visa exempt for a maximum stay of 90 days.
 Benin eVisa / Visa on arrival[73][74] 30 days / 8 days
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
 Bhutan Visa required[75]
  • Holders of an application for a tourist visa can obtain a visa on arrival
 Bolivien Visa on arrival[76] 90 days
 Bosnien und Herzegowina Visa not required[77] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period
 Botswana Visa not required[78] 90 days[79][80]
 Brasilien Visa not required[81] 90 days
  • 90 days within any year period[82]
 Brunei Visa not required[83] 30 days
 Bulgarien Visa not required[84] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Burkina Faso Visa not required[23] 30 days
 Burundi Visa required[85]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be collected on arrival
 Kambodscha eVisa / Visa on arrival[86] 30 days
 Kamerun Visa required[87]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival
 Kanada Visa not required[88] 6 months[29]
 Kap Verde Visa on arrival[91] 3 Monate
 Zentralafrikanische Republik Visa not required[92] 90 days
 Tschad Visa not required[93] 90 days
 Chile Visa not required [94] 90 days
 China Visa not required[95] 30 days
 Kolumbien Visa not required[96] 180 days
  • 90 days - extendable up to 180-days stay within a one-year period
 Komoren Visa on arrival[97] 45 days
 Republic of the Congo Visa on arrival[98][99]
  • Visa not required if Passengers with a V.I.P invitation letter.
 Democratic Republic of the Congo Visa required[100]
  • Passenger with a letter (Visa Volant) issued by the Ministry of Interior and Security can obtain a visa on arrival.
 Costa Rica Visa not required[101] 90 days
 Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[102] 3 Monate
 Kroatien Visa not required[103] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Cuba Visa not required[104] 90 days
 Zypern Visa not required[105] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Tschechische Republik Visa not required[106] 90 days
 Dänemark Visa not required[107] 90 days
 Dschibuti eVisa[108] 31 days
 Dominica Visa not required[109] 21 days
 Dominikanische Republik Visa not required[110] 90 days
 Ecuador Visa not required[111] 90 days
 Ägypten Visa not required[112] 90 days
 El Salvador Visa not required[113] 90 days
 Äquatorial-Guinea Visa on arrival[47] 90 days
 Eritrea Visa required[114]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival
 Estland Visa not required[115] 90 days
 Eswatini Visa not required[116] 30 days
 Äthiopien eVisa[117] up to 90 days
 Fidschi Visa not required[118] 4 months
 Finnland Visa not required[119] 90 days
 Frankreich Visa not required[120] 90 days
 Gabun eVisa / Visa on arrival[121]
 Gambia Visa not required[123] 90 days
 Georgien Visa not required[124] 360 days[125]
 Deutschland Visa not required[126] 90 days
 Ghana Visa required[127]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Griechenland Visa not required[128] 90 days
 Grenada Visa not required[129] 3 Monate
 Guatemala Visa not required[130] 90 days
 Guinea Visa on arrival[131] 90 days
 Guinea-Bissau eVisa / Visa on arrival[132] 90 days
 Guyana Visa on arrival[133][134]
 Haiti Visa not required[135] 3 Monate
 Honduras Visa not required[136] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period[137]
 Ungarn Visa not required[138] 90 days
 Island Visa not required[139] 90 days
 Indien e-Visa[140] 60 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via 26 designated airports[Note 1] or 3 designated seaports.[Note 2][141]
  • An Indian e-Tourist Visa may only be obtained twice within 1 calendar year.[citation needed]
  • Foreigners of Pakistani origin or who hold a Pakistani Passport are not eligible for an e-Visa. Foreigners who are not Pakistani nationals, but whose parents or grandparents (either paternal or maternal) were born in, or were permanent residents in Pakistan, are also not eligible for an e-Visa.[142]
  • Visa on arrival is applicable to UAE citizens if they had earlier obtained e-Visa or regular/paper visa for India. This facility is not available to citizens if they or either of their parents or grandparents (paternal or maternal) was born in or is a permanent resident of Pakistan. [143]
 Indonesien Visa not required[144] 30 days
  • Select ports of entry.
 Iran Visa on arrival[145] 30 days
 Iraq Visa required[146]
  • Visa on arrival when arriving at Basra International Airport, Al Najaf International Airport, Erbil International Airport or Sulaimaniyah International Airport.
 Irland Visa not required[147] 90 days
 Israel Visa required[148]
  • Confirmation from Israeli government is required before a visa is issued.[149]
 Italien Visa not required[150] 90 days
 Jamaika Visa required[151] Visa on Arrival agreement was signed on 23 September 2019 and is yet to be ratified.
 Japan Visa not required[152] 30 days
  • Only if passport is endorsed with a Visa Waiver Registration Certificate from the Japanese Embassy/Consulate.
 Jordanien Visa not required[153] 3 Monate
 Kasachstan Visa not required[154] 30 days[155]
 Kenia eVisa / Visa on arrival[156] 3 Monate
 Kiribati Visa not required[157] 30 days[158]
 North Korea Visa required[159]
 Südkorea Visa not required[160] 30 days
 Kuwait Visa not required[161]
 Kirgisistan Visa not required[162] 60 days
 Laos eVisa / Visa on arrival[163] 30 days
 Lettland Visa not required[167] 90 days
 Libanon Visa not required[168] 6 Monate
 Lesotho eVisa[169][170]
 Liberia Visa required[171]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Libyen Visa required[172]
 Liechtenstein Visa not required[173] 90 days
 Litauen Visa not required[174] 90 days
 Luxemburg Visa not required[175] 90 days
 Madagaskar eVisa / Visa on arrival[176] 90 days
 Malawi eVisa / Visa on arrival[177][178] 30 days
 Malaysia Visa not required[179] 3 Monate
 Malediven Visa on arrival[180] 30 days
 Mali Visa not required[181] 90 days
 Malta Visa not required[182] 90 days
 Marshallinseln Visa on arrival[183] 90 days
 Mauretanien Visa on arrival[184]
 Mauritius Visa not required[185] 90 days
 Mexiko Visa not required[186] 180 days
 Mikronesien Visa not required[187] 30 days
 Moldawien Visa not required[188] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period[11]
 Monaco Visa not required[189]
 Mongolei Visa on arrival[190] 30 days
 Montenegro Visa not required[191] 90 days
 Marokko Visa not required[192] 3 Monate
 Mosambik Visa on arrival[193] 30 days[194]
 Myanmar Visa required[195]
  • Visa on arrival if Passengers with a letter of approval issued by the Ministry of Hotels and Tourism.
 Namibia Visa on arrival[196] 3 Monate
 Nauru Visa not required[197] 90 days[17]
   Nepal Visa on arrival[198] 90 days
 Niederlande Visa not required[199] 90 days
 Neuseeland Electronic Travel Authority[200] 90 days
  • International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy must be obtained alongside Electronic Travel Authority.[201]
 Nicaragua Visa not required[202] 90 days
 Niger Visa required[203]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be collected on arrival
 Nigeria Visa required[204]
  • Holders of written e-Visa approval issued by the Immigration Authority can obtain a visa on arrival, provided they hold a visa application form and e-Visa application payment receipt and have an invitation letter from a Nigerian company accepting immigration responsibilities.
 North Macedonia Visa not required[205] 90 days
 Norwegen Visa not required[206] 90 days
 Oman Visa not required[207]
 Pakistan Electronic Travel Authorization[208]
  • Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for tourism purposes.[209]
  • Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for business purposes.[210]
  • Online Visa eligible.[211]
 Palau Visa on arrival[212] 30 days
 Panama Visa not required[213] 180 days
 Papua-Neuguinea Visa required[214]
 Paraguay Visa not required[215] 90 days
 Peru Visa required[216] Visa-free agreement was signed on 5 May 2019. It is yet to be implemented
 Philippinen Visa not required[217] 30 days
 Polen Visa not required[218] 90 days
 Portugal Visa not required[219] 90 days
 Katar Visa not required[220] As of June 2017, due to political situation, Emirati government bans its citizens from visiting Qatar.[221]
 Rumänien Visa not required[222] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Russland Visa not required[223] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Ruanda eVisa / Visa on arrival[224] 30 days
 St. Kitts und Nevis Visa not required[225] 3 Monate
 St. Lucia Visa not required[226] 60 days[227]
 St. Vincent und die Grenadinen Visa not required[228] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Samoa Entry Permit on arrival[229] 60 days
 San Marino Visa not required[230]
 São Tomé and Príncipe Visa not required[231] 15 days[12][13]
 Saudi-Arabien Visa not required[232]
 Senegal Visa on arrival[233] 90 days
 Serbien Visa not required[234] 90 days
 Seychellen Visa not required[235] 3 Monate
 Sierra Leone Visa on arrival[236]
 Singapur Visa not required[237] 30 days
 Slowakei Visa not required[238] 90 days
 Slowenien Visa not required[239] 90 days
 Salomonen Visa not required[240] 90 days[241]
 Somalia Visa on arrival[242]
 Südafrika Visa not required[243] 90 Days
 South Sudan Visa required[244]
 Spanien Visa not required[245] 90 days
 Sri Lanka eVisa / Visa on arrival[246] 30 days
 Sudan Visa not required[247] 3 Monate
 Surinam E-tourist card[248] 90 days
  • Multiple entry eVisa is also available.[249]
 Schweden Visa not required[250] 90 days
  Schweiz Visa not required[251] 90 days
 Syria Visa required[252]
  • According to the Law No. 2 of 2014 all visitors require visas prior to arrival.[253][254][255]
 Tadschikistan eVisa / Visa on arrival[256] 45 days
 Tansania eVisa / Visa on arrival[258][259] 3 Monate
 Thailand Visa not required[260] 30 days
  • Maximum two visits annually if not arriving by air.
 Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[261] 30 days
 Togo Visa on arrival[262] 7 Tage
 Tonga Visa not required[263] 60 days[264]
 Trinidad und Tobago Visa required[265]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Tunesien Visa not required[266] 90 days
 Türkei eVisa[267] 3 Monate
 Turkmenistan Visa required[268]
  • Passengers with a letter of invitation issued by a company registered in Turkmenistan and approved by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs can obtain a visa on arrival
 Tuvalu Visa on arrival[269] 1 month
 Uganda eVisa / Visa on arrival[270] 3 Monate
 Ukraine Visa not required[272] 90 days
 Vereinigtes Königreich Electronic Visa Waiver[273] 6 Monate
 Vereinigte Staaten Visa required[274]
 Uruguay Visa not required[275] 3 Monate
 Usbekistan Visa not required[276][277] 30 days
 Vanuatu Visa not required[278] 90 days
 Vatican City Visa not required[279]
 Venezuela Visa required[280]
 Vietnam eVisa[281] 30 days
 Jemen Visa on arrival[282] 3 Monate
 Sambia Visa on arrival[283] 90 days
  • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zimbabwe.
 Simbabwe Visa on arrival[284] 90 days
  • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zambia.

Dependent, disputed, or restricted territories

Unrecognized or partially recognized countries
Visitor to Conditions of access Notes
 Abkhazia Visa required[285]
 Artsakh Visa required[286] As of August 2016, due to political situation, Emirati government bans its citizens from visiting Artsakh.[221]
 Kosovo Visa not required[287]
 Northern Cyprus Visa not required[288]
 Palestine Visa not required[289] Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[290]
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Undefined visa regime in the Western Sahara controlled territory.
 Somaliland Visa on arrival 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[291][292]
 South Ossetia Visa not required[293] Multiple entry visa to Russia and three day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[294][295]
 Taiwan eVisa[296]
 Transnistria Visa not required[297] Registration required after 24h.[298][299]
Dependent and autonomous territories
Territory Conditions of access Notes
China
 Hongkong Visa not required[300] 30 days
 Macau Visa on arrival[301] 30 days
Dänemark
 Färöer Inseln Visa not required[302]
 Grönland Visa not required[303]
Frankreich
 Clipperton Island Special permit required[304]
 Französisch-Guayana Visa not required[305] 90 days within any 180 day period
 Französisch-Polynesien Visa not required[306] 90 days within any 180 day period
Frankreich French West Indies
Guadeloupe Visa not required 90 days within any 180 day period
Martinique Visa not required 90 days within any 180 day period
St. Barthélemy Visa required[307]
St. Martin Visa required[307]
 Mayotte Visa not required[308] 90 days within any 180 day period
 Neukaledonien Visa not required[309] 90 days within any 180 day period
 Réunion Visa not required[310] 90 days within any 180 day period
 St. Pierre und Miquelon Visa not required[311] 90 days within any 180 day period
 Wallis und Futuna Visa not required[312] 90 days within any 180 day period
Niederlande
 Aruba Visa not required[313] 90 days
Niederlande Caribbean Netherlands
 Bonaire Visa not required[314] 90 days
 Sint Eustatius 90 days
 Saba 90 days
 Curaçao Visa not required[315] 90 days
 Sint Maarten Visa not required[316] 90 days
Neuseeland
 Cook Inseln Visa not required[317] 31 days
 Niue Visa not required[318] 30 days
 Tokelau Visa required[319]
Norwegen
Norwegen Jan Mayen Permit required Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[320] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[321]
Norwegen Svalbard Visa not required Unlimited period under Svalbard Treaty.[322]
Vereinigtes Königreich
 Akrotiri and Dhekelia Visa required[323]
 Anguilla Visa required[324] Holders of a valid visa issued by the United Kingdom do not require a visa.[325]
 Bermuda Visa required[326] Visa free for a maximum stay of 3 months if arriving from or transiting through the United Kingdom.
 Britisches Territorium im Indischen Ozean Special permit required Special permit required.[327]
 Britische Jungferninseln Visa required[328]
 Cayman-Inseln Visa required[329]
 Falklandinseln Visa required[330]
 Gibraltar eVisa[331]
 Montserrat eVisa[332]
 Pitcairn Islands Visa not required 14 days visa free and landing fee US$35 or tax of US$5 if not going ashore.[333][334][335]
Vereinigtes Königreich Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
 Sankt Helena eVisa[336][337]
 Ascension Island eVisa[338][339]
  • 3 months within any year period
 Tristan da Cunha Permission required Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[340]
 Südgeorgien und die Südlichen Sandwichinseln Permit required Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[341][342]
 Turks- und Caicosinseln Visa not required[343] 90 days.
Vereinigte Staaten
 Amerikanisch-Samoa Visa required[344]
 Guam Visa required[345]
 Nördliche Marianen Visa required[346]
 Puerto Rico Visa required[347]
 U.S. Jungferninseln Visa required[348]
Antarctica and adjacent islands
Special permits required for  Bouvetinsel,  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australien Australian Antarctic Territory, Antártica Chilena Province Chilean Antarctic Territory, Australien Heard Island und McDonald Islands, Norwegen Peter I Island, Norwegen Queen Maud Land, Neuseeland Ross Dependency.[349][350][351][352][353][354][355][356][357][358][359][360]

Non-visa restrictions

This section is transcluded from Non-visa travel restrictions. (edit | history)

Many countries have entry restrictions on foreigners that go beyond the common requirement of having either a valid visa or a visa exemption. Such restrictions may be health related or impose additional documentation requirements on certain classes of people for diplomatic or political purposes.

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[361] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

Main articles: Vaccination requirements for international travel, International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, and Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[362] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[363]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[364][365]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[366][367] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[368]

Some countries, such as Japan,[369] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[370] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[371] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[372] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[373] Philippines,[374] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[375]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[376] and South Africa.

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[377] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record, while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning him from entering the country or expelling him if he has already entered. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[378]

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[379] Lebanon,[380] Libya,[381] Syria,[382] and Yemen[383] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

See also: Countries applying biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[384]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[385][386] Argentina,[387] Brunei, Cambodia,[388] China,[389] Ethiopia,[390] Ghana, Guinea,[391] India, Japan,[392][393] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[394] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[395] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[396] Singapore, South Korea,[397] Taiwan, Thailand,[398] Uganda,[399] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its own legislation),[400][401][402] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[403]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[404] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[405][406]

See also

References and Notes

References
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  2. ^ Courtney Trenwith (19 Apr 2015). "Revealed: Most powerful Arab passports". Arabian Business. ITP Media Group. Retrieved 10 June 2018. The UAE has the most powerful Arab passport, according to an annual ranking by financial firm Arton Capital
  3. ^ Katherine LaGrave (22 May 2018). "This Is the World's Most Powerful Passport". Condé Nast Traveler. Condé Nast International. Retrieved 10 June 2018. The passport to watch? The United Arab Emirates, which currently sits in 23rd place but has climbed 38 spots since 2008, and gained visa-free access to eight countries in 2018 alone—China, Ireland, Burkina Faso, Uruguay, Guinea, Tonga, Benin, and Honduras.
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  21. ^ [1]
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  400. ^ Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019. While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  401. ^ Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  402. ^ Lipton, Eric (15 December 2006). "Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
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  406. ^ "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
Notes
  1. ^
  2. ^
  3. ^
    • Panghok - Taichang (Vietnam)
    • Lantui - Baka (China)
    • Meuang mom - Wan Pong (Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng Dry Port - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Nonghaed - Nam kanh (Vietnam)
    • Pakxan - Bungkan (Thailand)
    • Nam phao - Cau treo (Vietnam)
    • Na pao - Cha lo (Vietnam)
    • Nam ngeun - Huay konl (Thailand)
    • Namheuang - Nakaseng (Thailand)
    • Phoudou (Thailand)
    • Nam soy - Na meo (Vietnam)
    • Phoukeua - Kontoum (Vietnam)
    • Lalai (Vietnam)
    • Pangmone - Phayao (Thailand)
    • Daktaock - Nam Giang (Vietnam)
    • Savannakhet Airport
  4. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Bokeo
  5. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Khammouane
    • Bokeo
  6. ^
    • Samliemkham (Thailand and Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
    • Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
    • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
    • Boten - Bo han (China)
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