Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validation/VerifiedDataSandbox and 1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane: Difference between pages

| Verifiedfields = changed

| Watchedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 477201944

| ImageSizeL1 = 120px

| ImageNameL1 = Structures of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane

| ImageFileR1 = 1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane-3D-balls.png

| ImageSizeR1 = 120px

| ImageNameR1 = C=black, H=white, F=yellow, Cl=green

| ImageAltR1 = Dichlorofluoroethane molecule

| PIN = 1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane

| OtherNames = Dichlorofluoroethane; R-141b; HCFC-141b

|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers

| Abbreviations =

| InChIKey = FRCHKSNAZZFGCA-UHFFFAOYAI

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|changed|FDA}}

| UNII = O1A3ASY5PW

| CASNoOther =

| PubChem = 15586

| EC_number = 404-080-1

| RTECS = KI0997000

| UNNumber = 9274

| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}

| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}

| MeSHName =

| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}

| SMILES = ClC(Cl)(F)C

| InChI = 1/C2H3Cl2F/c1-2(3,4)5/h1H3

| Beilstein =

| Gmelin =

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}

| 3DMet =

|Section2={{Chembox Properties

| C=2 | H=3 | Cl=2 | F=1

| Appearance = Colorless liquid, ethereal odor

| Density = 1.25 g/cm{{sup|3}} at 20 °C<ref name="GESTIS"/>

| MeltingPtC = -103.5

| MeltingPt_ref = <ref name="GESTIS">{{GESTIS|ZVG= 530661|CAS= 1717-00-6|Name = 1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane|Date=8 February 2009}}</ref>

| BoilingPtC = 32

| BoilingPt_ref = <ref name="GESTIS"/>

| Solubility = 4 g/L (20 °C)<ref name="GESTIS"/>

| SolubleOther =

| Solvent =

| LogP =

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| HenryConstant =

| AtmosphericOHRateConstant =

| pKa =

| pKb =

|Section3={{Chembox Structure

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|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry

|Section7={{Chembox Hazards

| ExternalSDS =

| GHSPictograms = {{GHS07}}

| GHSSignalWord = Warning

| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|412|420}}

| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|273|501|502}}

| MainHazards =

| NFPA-H =

| NFPA-F =

| NFPA-R =

| NFPA-S =

| FlashPt =

| AutoignitionPtC = 532

| AutoignitionPt_ref = <ref name="GESTIS"/>

| ExploLimits = 5.6–17.7%{{nbsp}}{{abbr|vol.|volume}}<ref name="GESTIS"/>

| LD50 = 5 g/kg (rat, oral)

| PEL =

|Section8={{Chembox Related

| OtherAnions =

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| OtherFunction_label =

| OtherCompounds =

}}

'''1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane''' is a [[haloalkane]] with the formula {{Chem|C|2|H|3|Cl|2|F|}}. It is one of the three [[Isomer|isomers]] of [[dichlorofluoroethane]]. It belongs to the [[hydrochlorofluorocarbon]] (HCFC) family of man-made compounds that contribute significantly to both [[ozone depletion]] and [[global warming]] when released into the environment.

== Physiochemical properties ==

1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane can be a non-flammable, colourless liquid under room-temperature atmospheric conditions. The compound is very [[volatility (chemistry)|volatile]] with a boiling point of 32°C.<ref name="GESTIS"/><ref name="ASHRAE2004-34d,j,l-m,t">{{Cite web|url=http://ashrae.org/File%20Library/docLib/Public/20070613_342004_d_j_l_m_t_only.pdf|title=Addenda d, j, l, m, and t to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2004|date=2007-03-03|work=ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2004, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants|publisher=American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.|location=Atlanta, GA|issn=1041-2336|access-date=2011-12-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111012095426/http://ashrae.org/File%20Library/docLib/Public/20070613_342004_d_j_l_m_t_only.pdf|archive-date=2011-10-12|url-status=dead}}</ref> Its critical temperature is near 204°C.<ref name=Schoen>{{Citation|last=Schoen |first=J. Andrew |url=http://www.jandrewschoen.com/refchart.pdf |title=Listing of Refrigerants |work=Andy's HVAC/R Web Page |access-date=2011-12-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090319184345/http://www.jandrewschoen.com/refchart.pdf |archive-date=2009-03-19 }}</ref> Its smell has been described as "usually ethereal" (like [[ether]]).

== Production and use ==

1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane is mainly used as a [[solvent]] and [[foaming agent|foam blowing agent]] under the names R-141b and HCFC-141b. It is a class 2 [[ozone depleting substance]] undergoing a global phaseout from production and use under the [[Montreal Protocol]] since the late 1990s. It is being replaced by [[hydrofluorocarbon|HFC]]s within some applications.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ec.europa.eu/clima/sites/clima/files/docs/0007/icf_hcfc_background_doc_en.pdf |title=Overview of HCFC Consumption and Available Alternatives For Article 5 Countries |publisher=ICF International |year=2008 |accessdate=2021-02-12}}</ref>

== Environmental effects ==

[[Image:HCFC141b concentration.jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.3|Growth of HCFC-141b in Earth's atmosphere since year 1993.<ref name=hats>{{cite web |url=https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/gases/HCFC141b.html |title=HCFC-141b |publisher=NOAA Earth System Research Laboratories/Global Monitoring Division |accessdate=2021-02-12}}</ref>]]

[[Image:HCFC-141b mm.png|thumb|left|HCFC-141b measured by the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment ([http://agage.mit.edu/ AGAGE]) in the lower atmosphere ([[troposphere]]) at stations around the world. Abundances are given as pollution free monthly mean mole fractions in [[Parts-per notation|parts-per-trillion]].]]

The concentration of HCFC-141b in the atmosphere grew to near 25 parts per trillion by year 2016.<ref name=hats/> It has an [[ozone depletion potential]] (ODP) of 0.12.<ref name=WMO2006>{{cite book|author1=John S. Daniel|author2=Guus J.M. Velders|author3=A.R. Douglass|author4=P.M.D. Forster|author5=D.A. Hauglustaine|author6=I.S.A. Isaksen|author7=L.J.M. Kuijpers|author8=A. McCulloch|author9=T.J. Wallington|title=Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006|date=2006|publisher=[[World Meteorological Organization]]|location = Geneva, Switzerland|chapter-url=http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/csd/assessments/ozone/2006/chapters/chapter8.pdf|access-date=9 October 2016|chapter=Chapter 8. Halocarbon Scenarios, Ozone Depletion Potentials, and Global Warming Potentials}}</ref> This is low compared to the ODP=1 of [[trichlorofluoromethane]] (CFC-11, R-11), which also grew about ten times more abundant in the atmosphere prior to introduction of HFC-141b and subsequent adoption of the Montreal Protocol.

HFC-141b is also a minor but potent [[greenhouse gas]]. It has an estimated [[Greenhouse gas#Atmospheric lifetime|lifetime]] of about 10 years and a 100-year [[global warming potential]] ranging 725 to 2500.<ref name="ar5">{{cite book |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/ |contribution= Chapter 8 |title=AR5 Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis |page=731}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Refrigerants - Environmental Properties|url=http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/Refrigerants-Environment-Properties-d_1220.html|website=The Engineering ToolBox|accessdate=2016-09-12}}</ref> This compares to the GWP=1 of [[carbon dioxide]], which had a much greater atmospheric concentration near 400 parts per million in year 2020.

== See also ==

* [[IPCC list of greenhouse gases]]

* [[List of refrigerants]]

== References ==

{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dichloro-1-fluoroethane, 1, 1-}}

[[Category:Hydrochlorofluorocarbons]]

[[Category:Halogenated solvents]]

[[Category:Refrigerants]]

[[Category:Greenhouse gases]]

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