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Kuala Lumpur International Airport

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Kuala Lumpur International Airport

Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa Kuala Lumpur
The KLIA control tower and part of the airport
Summary
Airport typePublic
OwnerGovernment of Malaysia
OperatorMalaysia Airports Holdings Berhad
ServesGreater Klang Valley
StandortSepang, Selangor, Malaysia
Hub for
Time zoneMST (UTC+08:00)
Elevation AMSL70 ft / 21 m
Websitewww.klia.com.my
Map
WMKK is located in Peninsular Malaysia
WMKK
WMKK
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
14L/32R 4,019 13,186 Concrete
14R/32L 4,000 13,123 Concrete
15/33 4,000 13,123 Concrete
Statistics (2013)
Passenger movements47,498,157 (Increase 19.1%)
Airfreight movements in tonnes680,982 (Increase 1.2%)
Aircraft movements326,678 (Increase 15.3%)
Source: AIP Malaysia[1]

Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) (IATA: KUL, ICAO: WMKK) is Malaysia's main international airport and one of the major airports of South East Asia. Built at a cost of US$3.5 billion[2] in Sepang district of Selangor, it is located approximately 45 kilometres (28 mi) from Kuala Lumpur city centre and serves the Greater Klang Valley conurbation.

The airport has the capacity to handle 70 million passengers and 1.2 million tonnes of cargo a year. As of 2013, the airport handled 47,498,157 passengers and was Asia's fastest growing airport recording a 19.1% growth year-on-year.[3] It was ranked the 11th busiest airport in the world by international passenger traffic, and is the 10th busiest international airport in Asia. It was ranked the 28th busiest airport by cargo traffic in 2013.[4]

The airport is operated by Malaysia Airports (MAHB) Sepang Sdn Bhd and is the major hub of Malaysia Airlines, MASkargo, AirAsia, AirAsia X, Malindo Air and Department of Civil Aviation (DCA).

History

Background

KLIA main entrance from the side
KLIA Main terminal architecture

The ground breaking ceremony for Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) took place on 1 June 1993[citation needed] when the government decided that the existing Kuala Lumpur airport, then known as Subang International Airport (now Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport) could not handle future demand. It was created as part of the Multimedia Super Corridor a grand development plan for the nation.

Upon KLIA's completion, Subang Airport's Terminal 1 building was demolished. Malaysia Airports agreed to redevelop the remaining Terminal 3 to create a specialist airport for turboprop and charter planes surrounded by a residential area and a business park. The IATA airport code KUL was transferred from Subang Airport, which currently handles only turboprop aircraft, general aviation and military aircraft. Subang Airport's IATA code was changed to SZB.

Current site

The airport's site spans 100 square kilometres (39 sq mi) 2,[2] of former agricultural land and is one of the world's largest airport sites. An ambitious three-phase development plan anticipates KLIA to have five runways and two terminals each with two satellite terminals.[5] Phase One involved the construction of the main terminal and one satellite terminal, giving a capacity of 25 million passengers, and two full service runways. The Phase One airport had sixty contact piers, twenty remote parking bays with eighty aircraft parking positions, four maintenance hangars and fire stations. Phase Two, designed to increase capacity to 35 million passengers per year is largely complete. Phase Three is anticipated to increase capacity to 100 million passengers per year.[5]

Grand opening

Kuala Lumpur International Airport was officially inaugurated by the 10th Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Tuanku Ja'afar of Negeri Sembilan, on 27 June 1998 at 20:30 MST, a week ahead of Hong Kong International Airport and in time for the 1998 Commonwealth Games. The first domestic arrival was Malaysia Airlines flight MH1263 from Kuantan (Kuantan Airport) at 07:10 MST. The first international arrival was Malaysia Airlines flight MH188 from Malé International Airport at 07:30 MST. The first domestic departure was Malaysia Airlines flight MH1432 to Langkawi (Langkawi International Airport) at 07:20 MST; the first international departure was Malaysia Airlines flight MH84 to Beijing (Beijing Capital International Airport) at 09:00 MST.[6]

Inauguration

Inside the main terminal building.
The Jungle boardwalk, a recreational walk path located at the centre core of the KLIA satellite terminal.

The inauguration of the airport was marked with problems. Aerobridge and bay allocation systems broke down, queues built up throughout the airport and baggage handling broke down. Bags were lost and there were waits of over five hours.[7] Most of these issues were remedied eventually, though baggage handling system was plagued with problems until it was put up for a complete replacement tender in 2007.

The airport suffered greatly reduced traffic with the general reduction in economic activity brought about by the East Asian financial crisis, SARS, bird flu epidemic (Avian flu), the global financial crisis and the swine flu pandemic. 1998 saw a reduction of passenger numbers as some airlines, including All Nippon Airways, British Airways (resumed on 28 May 2015), Lufthansa (later reinstated) and Northwest Airlines, terminated their loss making services to KLIA. KLIA's first full year of operations in 1999, in its Phase One manifestation (capacity of 25 million passengers per year), saw only 13.2 million passengers.[8] Passenger numbers eventually increased to 21.1 million in 2004 and 23.2 million in 2005 — though short of the originally estimated 25 million passengers per year by 2003.

Runways

Kuala Lumpur International Airport has three parallel runways (two for main KLIA and one for KLIA2). Two KLIA operational runways are located 2 kilometres from each other, which are designed for simultaneous take-offs and landings. The first is 4,000 m × 60 m (13,123 ft × 197 ft). The second runway is 4,019 m × 60 m (13,186 ft × 197 ft). Runway 3 for KLIA2 is 4,000 m × 60 m (13,123 ft × 197 ft) and is monitored by a dedicated separate air traffic control (ATC) tower which is currently the tallest ATC tower in the world.

Operations and infrastructure

Main article: Operations and Infrastructure of Kuala Lumpur International Airport
Infrastructure
Passenger terminal buildings
Totals Current
Floor area 736,404 m2
Handling capacity 70 million passengers per annum
Parking bays 106 (aerobridge)
46 (remote)
Main Terminal Building 1 & Contact Pier
Opened 27 June 1998
Floor area 336,000 m2
Handling capacity 5 million passengers per annum
Parking bays 20 (aerobridge)
23 (remote)
Satellite Terminal A
Opened 27 June 1998 
Floor area 143,404 m2
Handling capacity 20 million passengers per annum
Parking bays 26 (aerobridge)
15 (remote)
KLIA2
Opened 2 May 2014
Floor area 257,000 m2
Handling capacity 45 million passengers per annum
Parking bays 60 (aerobridge)
8 (remote)
Bunga Raya Complex
Opened 27 June 1998 
Floor area
Handling capacity
Parking bays 1

KLIA features a number of modern design features that assist in the efficient operation of the airport. It is one of the first Asia Pacific airports to become 100% Bar Coded Boarding Pass capable.[9] AirAsia, a Malaysian passenger airline;[10] MASkargo, a cargo airline;[11] and Malaysia Airports, the Malaysian Airports operator and manager; are headquartered on the property of KLIA.[12] Malaysia Airlines operates its Flight Management Building at KLIA.[13]

Terminals

The Passenger Terminal Complex (PTC) was built with an emphasis on allowing natural light into the building. Thus, there is a huge expanse of glass throughout the building, and the spectacular roof has cut-outs for natural light to filter in. The PTC comprises three buildings – the Main Terminal Building, the Satellite Building and the Contact Pier. Besides the 80-room hotel at the Satellite Building, there is a 450-room 5-star Pan Pacific KLIA hotel a 10-minute (indoor) walk away. Shopping spots are available in an area encompassing 85,000 square metres. Currently, the retail space at the Kuala Lumpur International Airport stands at 67,000 square metres (720,000 sq ft). The airport operator plans to increase the retail space to 105,300 square metres (1,133,000 sq ft), an 62.2% increase in retail space. [citation needed]

As there are international flights operating out from the airport, therefore terminals of the airport are equipped with immigration processing facilities and security scanning for all passengers including domestic passengers. The Satellite terminal handles most of the international flights, while the main terminal building's contact pier handles domestic traffic, regional international flights and international flights routed to other hubs within Malaysia. Malaysia Airlines operate from both terminals, where main terminal building's contact pier is their preferred terminal for domestic flights. Conversely, low cost carriers such as Tigerair, Cebu Pacific and AirAsia group of airlines operate domestic and international flights out of Klia2, the low-cost carrier terminal at KLIA.[14]

The initial passenger growth was below average due to Asian Financial Crisis and the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in 2003 and the airport failed to reach its target capacity of 25 million passengers per annum (before the inclusion of low cost carrier terminal) by 2004. However, the recovery of Malaysia's economy boosted Kuala Lumpur International Airport's passenger movements, and the airport saw significant growth in traffic, hitting the 25 million passenger mark in 2007. In 2013, the airport saw a monumental increase in passenger traffic to 47 million passengers.[3]

Main terminal building and contact pier

Malaysia Airlines at Contact Pier

The KLIA Main Terminal Building (MTB) is located in between the two runways. The floor area of the terminal covers 390,000 m2 (4,200,000 sq ft) and the building consists of 39 square roof units, which enables future expansion of the building. There are a total of 216 check-in counters, located in 6 different islands, identified by the letters A – M (excluding I). Multi check-in services are available, designed for the use of all passengers arriving, departing or in transit. On 2 February 2007, Malaysia Airports introduces 12 integrated self check-in kiosks (CUSS) for passengers. The first airline to use that system is KLM.[15] A further 24 kiosks will be added later by the airport operator[16][17]

The contact pier is the rectangular-shaped terminal that is connected to the KLIA Main Terminal Building (MTB). It serves as the domestic terminal for Malaysia Airlines. Some international flights are handled there as well. Previously it used to cater to low-cost carriers' passengers. At the north side of the pier, it can only accommodate narrow-bodied aircraft. In contrast, the south side of the contact pier can accommodate Boeing 737 and Boeing 747 or similar sized aircraft. [citation needed]

The gates in Main Terminal Building's contact pier has alphabet prefix of A and B for domestic flights, which is accessible from domestic departures on Level 3 where passengers descend after security check, and G and H for international flights. Basically Gates G & H are sharing the same boarding lounge as Gates A & B, where after boarding and secondary security check (before boarding aircraft) passengers descend into the same boarding lounge with the doors for "A & B" on level 3 sealed off for international flights. For domestic flights, the stairs to access "G & H" are sealed off instead.

Satellite terminal A

Interior of the Satellite Terminal

The 176,000 square metres (1,890,000 sq ft) satellite building accommodates international flights departing and arriving at KLIA. Passengers have to travel to the satellite building via the Aerotrain. There is a wide array of duty-free shops and prestige brand boutiques in the satellite building. This includes international brands such as Burberry, Harrods, Montblanc, Salvatore Ferragamo and recently, Mango has opened its first boutique at an airport in the Asian region. [citation needed] Among all international labels available within the terminal, some boutiques such as Harrods are only available in the airport. A number of restaurants and international airlines' lounges are available as well as an Airside Transit Hotel.

Within the terminal, wireless internet (Wifi) is provided free of charge. The terminal also has prayer rooms, showers and massage service. Various lounge areas are provided, some including children's play areas and movie lounge, broadcasting movie and sport channels.[18] The terminal also features a natural rainforest in the middle of the terminal, exhibiting the Malaysian forests.

Palm trees in the satellite building
Satellite building near the Aerotrain

Under Malaysia Airports Berhad retail optimisation plan, the retail space in satellite terminal A will be further optimised to increase its revenue derived from commercial space rental and a percentage of sale receipts to 50% by year 2010 which currently stands at 35%. Some notable improvements that will be seen after the refurbishments will be the Jungle Boardwalk which will be the first of its kind in the world and larger mezzanine floor to accommodate F&B outlets and viewing galleries.[19]

The gates in Satellite Terminal A have the prefix C.The Satellite A terminal has 27 boarding gates altogether.

klia2

File:Klia2 - the purposed design.jpg
Artist's impression of KLIA2
File:KLIA2 check-in counters.jpg
Check-in counters
Main article: klia2

klia2 is the low-cost carrier terminal at the Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA), Malaysia. The terminal is located 2 kilometres away from KLIA's Main Terminal Building (MTB). klia2 is built to cater for the explosive growth in low cost travel in the region and has replaced the former Low-Cost Carrier Terminal (LCCT). klia2 started operations on 2 May 2014 and all flight operations at LCCT were moved to klia2 by 9 May 2014.[20][21]

Built at a cost of approximately RM4 billion (US$1.3 billion), klia2 is the world's largest purpose-built terminal dedicated to low-cost carriers and it is designed to cater for 45 million passengers a year with future capacity expansion capability.[22] The terminal is served by a dedicated 4 km runway (KLIA's Runway 3) and a 141.3m air-traffic control (ATC) tower,[23] making it the world's tallest ATC tower.

The terminal has a built-up area of 257,000 sqm with 60 departure gates, 8 remote stands, 80 aerobridges, plus a retail space of 35,000 sqm to accommodate a total of 220 retail outlets.[24] The main terminal building of klia2 is connected with its satellite piers with a skybridge, making it the first airport in Asia with such facility.[25] klia2 is certified with Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design (LEED).

Check-in counters are divided into 8 rows located in 4 islands, each row identified by the letters S – Z. Boarding gates are located in 5 piers, indicated by the letters J and K for domestic flights, and L, P and Q for international flights. Piers J, K and L are connected directly to the main terminal building, while Piers P and Q are accessible via the skybridge. Piers K and L are physically the same pier and share the same gates, but with waiting lounges on different levels (Level 1A for K and Level 2 for L). For international flights, the access door from Pier K is sealed off, while for domestic flights, the access door from Pier L is sealed off instead.

At present, inter-terminal connection is provided on the landside at Gateway@KLIA2 complex and there are provisions for future airside inter-terminal connection.

Gateway@klia2

File:KLIA2 getting around map.gif
Klia2 Getting Around map

Gateway@klia2 is an integrated complex that is connected to the main klia2 terminal building. It has a 350,000 square feet of net lettable space spanning over 4 levels, offering a fresh airport-within-a-mall concept. The transport hub at Gateway@klia2 links klia2 to the Express Rail Link (ERL) (also known as KLIA Ekspres), with allotted pick-up and drop-off areas for coaches, taxis, rented vehicles and private transportation.[26]

Gateway@klia2 hosts a 8-storey car park that directly adjoins klia2. There are 6,000 covered parking lots at Blocks A and B and another 5,500 lots at car park D. Shuttle buses are available to take the public from the car park D to the terminal. The car park is fully gated with 24-hour security personnel on duty. The parking rate for the covered parking facility at KLIA2 is RM4 per hour for the first 3 hours, and up to a maximum daily rate of RM46.[27] The first capsule transit hotel in Asia named as the Container Hotel will also be opening. Gateway@KLIA2 is managed by WCT Holdings Berhad.[28]

KL City Air Terminal

KL City Air Terminal, sometimes known as Kuala Lumpur City Air Terminal or KL CAT located at KL Sentral is a virtual extension of KL International Airport where city check-in services are provided. KL City Air Terminal is recognised by International Air Transport Association which carries IATA designation XKL. Currently there are only 5 airlines providing city check-in services, they are Cathay Pacific, Emirates Airline, Etihad Airways, Malaysia Airlines and Royal Brunei Airlines.[29] However, the situation is due to be changed as 10 SITA's AirportConnect CUTE (Common Use Terminal Equipment) were installed on 10 check-in desks in KL CAT that enables all airlines to offer city check-in service for their passengers.[30]

Low cost carrier terminal (LCCT)

The 36,000 square metres (390,000 sq ft) Low cost carrier terminal (LCCT) was opened at Kuala Lumpur International Airport on 23 March 2006 to cater for the growing number of users of low cost airlines, especially the passengers of Malaysia's "no-frills" airline, AirAsia. The terminal was designed and built in accordance to the low cost carrier business model, with limited terminal amenities. As requested by the low cost airline, the terminal does not provide aerobridges. Nor there were transfer facilities, rail connections, and other facilities provided in a full-fledged terminal.

The LCCT was located on the opposite side of the apron from the Main Terminal Building (MTB), with close proximity to the air cargo area. The terminal underwent expansion in 2008 to accommodate exponential growth of low cost travel.[31] Following the opening of Klia2, the new terminal built for low cost air-travel, the LCCT ceased operations on 9 May 2014 and all low-cost carrier flights are now operating out of KLIA2.

The AirAsia corporate head offce is in the LCCT.[32] The airline plans to move its head office to a new facility constructed at klia2 scheduled to open in the end of 2015.[33]

Airlines and destinations

A Malaysia Airlines Airbus A380 taxiing out for departure
An Emirates A380 approaching Kuala Lumpur International Airport
KLM Boeing 747-400 departing from Kuala Lumpur International Airport
A Lufthansa Airbus A340-600 on final approach to KLIA
A SriLankan Airlines Airbus A340-300 upon arrival to Kuala Lumpur International Airport
An Air India Express Boeing 737-800 taxiing out, with China Southern Airlines Airbus A319 on the foreground
An Uzbekistan Airways Airbus A310-200 preparing for departure

Passenger

AirlinesDestinationsTerminal
Air Astana Almaty Satellite
Air France Paris-Charles de Gaulle Satellite
Air India Express Chennai, Mumbai Satellite
Air KoryoPyongyang Satellite
Air Mauritius MauritiusNote 1 Satellite
AirAsia Alor Setar, Balikpapan, Banda Aceh, Bandar Seri Begawan, Bandung, Bangkok-Don Mueang, Bangalore, Bintulu, Cebu, Chiang Mai, Chennai, Clark, Da Nang, Denpasar, Guangzhou, Guilin, Hanoi, Hat Yai, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Hyderabad (resumes 8 December 2014),[34] Jakarta-Soekarno Hatta, Johor Bahru, Kalibo, Kochi, Kolkata, Kota Bharu, Kota Kinabalu, Krabi, Kuala Terengganu, Kuching, Kunming, Labuan, Langkawi, Lombok, Macau, Makassar, Medan, Miri, Nanning, Naypyidaw, Padang, Palembang, Pekanbaru, Penang, Phnom Penh, Phuket, Sandakan, Semarang, Shenzhen, Sibu, Siem Reap, Singapore, Solo, Surabaya, Surat Thani, Tawau, Tiruchirapalli, Vientiane, Yangon, Yogyakarta KLIA2
AirAsia X Adelaide, Beijing-Capital, Busan, Chengdu, Chongqing (begins 13 February 2015),[35] Colombo, Gold Coast, Hangzhou, Jeddah, Kathmandu, Melbourne, Nagoya-Centrair , Osaka-Kansai, Perth, Seoul-Incheon, Shanghai-Pudong, Sydney, Taipei-Taoyuan, Tokyo-Haneda, Tokyo-Narita (begins 21 November 2014),[36] Xi'an KLIA2
AirAsia Zest Manila KLIA2
Bangkok Airways Koh Samui Satellite
Biman Bangladesh Airlines Dhaka Satellite
British Airways London-Heathrow (resumes 28 May 2015)[37] Satellite
Cathay Pacific Hongkong Satellite
Cebu Pacific Manila KLIA2
China Airlines Taipei-Taoyuan Satellite
China Eastern Airlines Wuhan Satellite
China Southern Airlines Guangzhou Satellite
EgyptAir Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Cairo Satellite
Emirates Dubai-International, Melbourne Satellite
Ethiopian Airlines Addis Ababa, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi Satellite
Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi Satellite
EVA Air Taipei-Taoyuan Satellite
Flynas Jeddah (resumes 3 December 2014) Satellite
Garuda Indonesia Jakarta-Soekarno Hatta Satellite
Indonesia AirAsia Bandung, Denpasar, Jakarta-Soekarno Hatta, Medan, Surabaya KLIA2
Iran Air Tehran-Imam Khomeini Satellite
Iraqi Airways Baghdad, Basra, Erbil Satellite
Japan Airlines Tokyo-Narita Satellite
Jetstar Asia Airways Singapur Satellite
KLM Amsterdam, Jakarta-Soekarno Hatta Satellite
Korean Air Seoul-Incheon Satellite
Kuwait Airways Jakarta-Soekarno Hatta, Kuwait Satellite
Lion Air Jakarta-Soekarno Hatta KLIA2
Lufthansa Frankfurt, Jakarta-Soekarno Hatta Satellite
Mahan Air Tehran-Imam Khomeini Satellite
Malaysia Airlines Alor Star, Bangalore, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Bintulu, Bandar Seri Begawan, Chennai, Colombo, Darwin, Guangzhou, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Hyderabad, Jakarta-Soekarno Hatta, Johor Bahru, Kathmandu, Kochi, Kota Bharu, Kota Kinabalu, Kuantan, Kuala Terengganu, Kuching, Kunming, Krabi, Labuan, Langkawi, Malé, Manila, Medan, Miri, Penang, Phnom Penh, Phuket, Sandakan, Sibu, Siem Reap, Singapore, Taipei-Taoyuan, Tawau, Yangon, Xiamen Main
Malaysia Airlines Adelaide, Amsterdam, Auckland, Beijing-Capital, Brisbane, Delhi, Denpasar, Dhaka, Dubai-International, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Istanbul-Atatürk, Jeddah, London-Heathrow, Melbourne, Mumbai, Osaka-Kansai, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Perth, Seoul-Incheon, Shanghai-Pudong, Sydney, Tokyo-Narita Satellite
Malindo Air Bandung (begins 19 December 2014),[38] Bangkok-Don Mueang, Chittagong, Delhi, Denpasar, Dhaka, Jakarta-Soekarno Hatta, Kochi, Kota Bharu, Kota Kinabalu, Kuching, Langkawi, Mumbai, Penang, Singapore, Tiruchirapalli KLIA2
Myanmar Airways International Yangon Satellite
Nepal Airlines Kathmandu Satellite
Oman Air Muscat Satellite
Pakistan International Airlines Karachi, Lahore, Peshawar Satellite
Qatar Airways Doha Satellite
Regent Airways Dhaka Satellite
Royal Brunei Airlines Bandar Seri Begawan Satellite
Royal Jordanian Amman-Queen Alia, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi Satellite
Saudia Jeddah, Medina, Riyadh Satellite
Shanghai Airlines Shanghai-Pudong Satellite
SilkAir Singapur Satellite
Singapore Airlines Singapur Satellite
SriLankan Airlines Colombo Satellite
Thai AirAsia Bangkok-Don Mueang, Phuket KLIA2
Thai Airways Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi Satellite
Tigerair Singapur KLIA2
Turkish Airlines Istanbul-Atatürk Satellite
United Airways Dhaka Satellite
Uzbekistan Airways Tashkent Satellite
Vietnam Airlines Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City Satellite
Xiamen Airlines Dalian, Fuzhou, Tianjin, Xiamen Satellite
Yemenia Dubai-International, Jakarta-Soekarno Hatta, Sana'a Satellite

^Note 1 Air Mauritius flies onwards Singapur vv .However Air Mauritius doesn't have traffic rights to transport passengers solely between Kuala Lumpur and Singapore.

^Note 2 Malaysia Airlines regional/international flights using narrow body aircraft depart from Main Terminal Gates G/H which is actually the upper floor of Gates A/B after immigration. However this was revised when equipment in different dates are varies and change by time to time.

Cargo

AirlinesDestinations
Cargolux Baku, Chennai, Luxembourg, Singapore
China Airlines Cargo Chennai, Luxembourg, Penang, Taipei-Taoyuan
FedEx Express Cebu, Guangzhou, Penang, Singapore, Tokyo-Narita
Gading Sari Kota Kinabalu, Kuching, Miri
Hong Kong Airlines Hongkong
Korean Air Cargo Seoul-Incheon, Penang
MASkargo Amsterdam, Baku, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Chennai, Dubai-Al Maktoum, Frankfurt, Guangzhou, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Jakarta-Soekarno-Hatta, Kota Kinabalu, Kuching, Labuan, Manila, Penang, Shanghai-Pudong, Sydney, Taipei-Taoyuan, Tokyo-Narita,[39] Zhengzhou
Republic Express AirlinesJakarta-Soekarno-Hatta
UPS Airlines Shenzhen, Osaka, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Seoul, Taipei, Manila, Bangkok, Mumbai, Anchorage, Los Angeles, Louisville, Atlanta, Chicago, Dallas, Miami, New York, Vancouver, Toronto

Statistics

Ground transportation

Inter-terminal transportation

Aerotrain station in Satellite Building

The KLIA main terminal building (MTB) and its satellite building are well connected by an automated people mover (called Aerotrain). Each 250-person capacity train can transport 3,000 passengers per hour in each direction at up to 56 km/h (35 mph). These three-car driverless trains run every five minutes on elevated rail and under the taxiways. The journey takes under two minutes. The Aerotrain is completely automated and shuttles passengers between the main terminal building and satellite building. There are many benefits that the Aerotrain offers such as the short journey time, simplicity and fail-safe operation, and resistance against breakdown. The train system uses pneumatic rubber-typed wheels to provide comfort for the passengers riding on the train. The Tracked Transit System (TTS) connects to two stations. One station is in the center of the contact pier's International level and one that is close to the center of the satellite terminal's departure/arrival level. The TTS transports passengers over an elevated guideway that is 4,219 feet. It travels under the taxiways between the main terminal and satellite buildings. The Aerotrain operates between three to five-minute intervals between terminal buildings. The total round trip time takes five minutes and five seconds with a maximum speed of 35 miles per hour. There are two three-car trains that are able to handle 5,805 passengers per hour each direction. Each train-car has a maximum capacity of 83 passengers. Automatic train control manages the operation of the entire Aerotrain system. They are in control of vehicle speeds, headways, stops and door opening in stations. They are able to integrate all functions that enhance the reliability and performance of the systems[42]

There are no air-side transfers between the LCCT and KLIA Main Terminal Building. Land side transfers is provided by inter-terminal bus services and the service will ceased on 9 May 2014 when all flight operations at LCCT move to the new klia2 terminal.

Similarly, klia2 is connected to the KLIA Main Terminal Building (MTB) on the land-side by Express Rail Link (ERL) (also known as KLIA Ekspres). The 3-minute transfer is between the Gateway@klia2 integrated complex and KLIA Main Terminal Building (MTB) ERL/KLIA Ekspres station, with onward journey direct to the Kuala Lumpur city center.

External connections

Rail

Main articles: KLIA Express, KLIA Transit, KLIA ERL station, KL Sentral

Kuala Lumpur International Airport is served by two direct rail services, namely KLIA Express and KLIA Transit. The KLIA Express provides a non-stop express train service to/from KL City Air Terminal (KL CAT) which has an IATA designation XKL. It is a part of KL Sentral transportation hub in Kuala Lumpur. The non-stop trip between KL Sentral and KLIA is 57 kilometres long and the journey takes exactly 28 minutes. Passengers who want to use this service and are departing from Kuala Lumpur International Airport with the following airlines can use the in-city check-in facilities installed at KL City Air Terminal (KL CAT), provided that the check-in process is done at least 2 hours before flight departure time.

Whereas, KLIA Transit provides a commuter train service between KL Sentral and the Kuala Lumpur International Airport ERL station. This service shares the same tracks with KLIA Express but making stops at three intermediate stations along the journey namely Bandar Tasik Selatan station, Putrajaya/Cyberjaya ERL station and Salak Tinggi ERL station. Check-in facilities are not available at all KLIA Transit stations. Passengers to/from Low Cost Carrier Terminal (LCCT) can use KLIA Transit service by boarding the provided shuttle bus at Salak Tinggi ERL station.

Taxis and limousine

Airport taxis or airport limousines are provided by Airport Limo. The taxis and limousines are readily available at the Taxi and Limousine counters. They run from airport itself to destinations in Klang Valley and Greater Klang Valley. The fares are to be paid at the counter and are charged according to the destinations' zone. A surcharge is applied for services between 12 am to 5 am

Bus

Both public and private buses connect KLIA and klia2 to several points in Kuala Lumpur and beyond.

Expansion and developments

Plans

KLIA Aeropolis Masterplan

Under the new Kuala Lumpur International Airport Masterplan, a new runway and a new satellite building will be constructed to accommodate the increasing number of passengers. The airport Phase 2 development plan is to handle 40 million (Increase5 Million) passengers per year by 2008 with the expansion of low cost carrier terminal. For phase 3, the airport will expand to handle 75 million (Increase35 million) passengers per annum with the construction of a new satellite terminal and replacement of current low cost carrier terminal with a new low cost carrier terminal that will be capable of handling 30 million passengers alone. Under Phase 4, the airport will be capable to handle 97.5 million passengers per annum by 2020. [citation needed]

With the slight modification of the masterplan, the future Terminal 2's satellite terminal will be combined into one satellite terminal. The expansion of Terminal 2's satellite terminal will be exactly the same as Terminal 1's satellite terminal, where initially the satellite terminal will have four arms, and another four arms when the terminal reached its capacity. There is sufficient land and capacity to develop facilities to handle up to 97.5 million passengers a year, four runways by the year 2020 and two mega-terminals, each linked with satellite terminals.[5] The airport's vicinity will include hiking trails for jet-lagged travellers, golf courses, convention center, a theme park, a shopping center, hotels, and a wetlands nature preserve. Sepang International Circuit, which hosts Formula One, A1 Grand Prix, Super GT, IndyCar Series and MotoGP races, is also nearby. There has also been a proposal for a monorail link to the F1 circuit. The development plan is due to be ready by April 2008.[43]

Low Cost Carrier Terminal (LCCT)

It is expected that the current LCCT will be converted into a cargo hub after all low-cost carrier flights have operate out of Klia2.[44] The RM124 million LCCT expansion project tender was won by Fajarbaru Builder Group Bhd and construction work began in March 2008.[45] The new international arrival hall was opened on 15 December 2008, and the rest of the wing were fully operational by March 2009.[31] The LCCT international departure hall was opened on 18 March 2009 which expanded the handling capacity from 600 passengers at one time to 3200 passengers.[46]

A380 upgrades

The operator of Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Malaysia Airports Holding Berhad, had spent about RM135 million (approx US$39 million) to upgrade facilities at the KL International Airport (KLIA) in Sepang to accommodate the Airbus A380. Upgrading works started on 3 April 2006, and was completed by 28 May 2007. Works include the provision of shoulders on both sides of the two existing runways of 15 meters as well as the taxiways, building additional aerobridges at the three departure halls, namely C17, C27 and C37, and enhancing the mezzanine lounges for upper deck passengers of the aircraft at the departure halls. Emirates operates flights to Kuala Lumpur with the Airbus A380 commenced on 1 January 2012.[47] Malaysia Airlines also started its A380 services from Kuala Lumpur to London on 1 July 2012.[47]

Panoramic view of Main Terminal Building and Contact Pier

References

  1. ^ WMKK – KL INTERNATIONAL/SEPANG at Department of Civil Aviation Malaysia
  2. ^ a b "History of KLIA". 1998.
  3. ^ a b "Airport Traffic Report" (PDF). 1998.
  4. ^ "Table 2 – TOTAL CARGO TRAFFIC 2013 - Preliminary World Airport Traffic and Rankings 2013 - High Growth Dubai Moves Up to 7th Busiest Airport - Mar 31, 2014". Airports Council International. 31 March 2014. Retrieved 5 August 2014.
  5. ^ a b c "Phases of KLIA". 1998.
  6. ^ "First Flights of Kuala Lumpur International Airport". Department of Civil Aviation KLIA Branch. 1998.
  7. ^ "KLIA's opening marked with problems". Lim Kit Siang Media Release. July 1998.
  8. ^ "Passengers at Kuala Lumpur Airport up despite fewer airlines". Asian Economic News. 6 August 2001.
  9. ^ Check-In News, Analysis and Event. "Kuala Lumpur's StB vision". Retrieved 31 August 2010.
  10. ^ Chan Tien Hin. "AirAsia Has Record Drop on Loss, Analyst Downgrade." Bloomberg L.P.. 1 December 2008. Retrieved 27 September 2009.
  11. ^ "Location Map." MASkargo. Retrieved 22 February 2010. "Malaysia Airlines Cargo Sdn. Bhd. 1M, Zone C, Advanced Cargo Centre KLIA Free Commercial Zone, Southern Support Zone Kuala Lumpur International Airport 64000 Sepang Selangor, Malaysia "
  12. ^ "Contact Information." Malaysia Airports. Retrieved 23 May 2011. "Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad Malaysia Airports Corporate Office, Persiaran Korporat KLIA, 64000 KLIA, Sepang, Selangor."
  13. ^ "Contact." Malaysia Airlines. Retrieved on 31 October 2012. "MAS Golden Boutiques Sdn. Bhd. 1st Floor, MAS Flight Management Building 64000 Sepang, Kuala Lumpur International Airport Selangor, Malaysia"
  14. ^ "AAirAsia helps Kuala Lumpur towards 30 million; Singapore route soon to be fully liberalised". anna.aero. 10 October 2008.
  15. ^ "KLIA Introduces Integrated Self Check in Kiosks for Benefits of Passengers". Air Transport News.
  16. ^ "Self Check in at KLIA". New Straits Times. Retrieved 21 August 2007. [dead link]
  17. ^ "KLIA partners with SITA to be the first fully integrated Airport in Asia". Retrieved 21 September 2005.
  18. ^ "KLIA increase WiFi range". CAPA. Retrieved 19 February 2008.
  19. ^ "9 firms shortlisted for KLIA retail expansion project". NST. Retrieved 16 February 2008.
  20. ^ "klia2 receives ICAO nod, first landing". Retrieved 25 April 2014.
  21. ^ "klia2 overview". Retrieved 1 May 2014.
  22. ^ "Be the first 2 visit the new klia2". Retrieved 25 April 2014.
  23. ^ "klia2 Control Tower Is Tallest in the World". Retrieved 24 April 2014.
  24. ^ "About klia2". Retrieved 24 April 2014.
  25. ^ "klia2 opens to public". Retrieved 27 April 2014.
  26. ^ "About gateway@klia2". Retrieved 1 May 2014.
  27. ^ "Public invited to tour and experience klia2 before May 2 opening". Retrieved 27 April 2014.
  28. ^ "klia2 Coming Soon". Retrieved 25 April 2014.
  29. ^ "Flight Check-In at KL Sentral". KLIA Ekspres. Retrieved 5 August 2014.
  30. ^ All Airlines can now offer city check-in in KL Sentral[dead link]
  31. ^ a b Geetha Krishnan (9 December 2008). "LCCT international arrival hall ahead of schedule". The Star.
  32. ^ "Annual Report 2013" (Archive). AirAsia. Retrieved on 29 August 2014. p. 33/306. "HEAD OFFICE LCC Terminal, Jalan KLIA S3 Southern Support Zone, KLIA, 64000 Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia"
  33. ^ "AirAsia denies funding issues in moving HQ to klia2" (Archive). The Malaysian Insider. 2 June 2014. Retrieved on 28 August 2014.
  34. ^ http://www.themalaymailonline.com/travel/article/airasia-resumes-kuala-lumpur-hyderabad-route-in-dec
  35. ^ "AirAsia X begins sixth stop in China". The Sun Daily Online. Retrieved 5 August 2014.
  36. ^ "AirAsia X to fly to Narita 4 times a week | Travel". The Malay Mail Online. Retrieved 5 August 2014.
  37. ^ "British Airways resumes daily flights between KL-London in May 2015". The Edge Malaysia. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
  38. ^ http://airlineroute.net/2014/09/12/od-w14/
  39. ^ MASkargo network
  40. ^ a b "MAHB Annual Report 2013" (PDF). http://www.malaysiaairports.com.my/. 26 February 2014. Retrieved 3 March 2013. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
  41. ^ a b Malaysia Airports Holding Berhad KLIA Operational Statistics
  42. ^ "Kuala Lumpur International". Kiat.net. Retrieved 19 April 2012.
  43. ^ "KLIA to have a Theme Park". The Star. Retrieved 8 January 2001. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  44. ^ "LCCT may become cargo hub when new terminal is up". The Star Online. Retrieved 1 February 2008.
  45. ^ "Fajarbaru wins RM124m KLIA job". Business Times. Retrieved 25 March 2008.
  46. ^ "New LCCT departure hall opens". The Star. 18 March 2009.
  47. ^ a b "MAHB upgrade KLIA to take in A380". NST. Retrieved 16 August 2006. Cite error: The named reference "A380 Upgrade" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).

Further reading

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