List of solar thermal power stations
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Foto_a%C3%A9re_de_solnovas_y_torre_junio_2010.jpg/300px-Foto_a%C3%A9re_de_solnovas_y_torre_junio_2010.jpg)
This is a list of solar thermal power stations. These include the 354 megawatt (MW) Solar Energy Generating Systems power installation in the USA, Solana Generating Station (USA, 280 MW) and Solaben Solar Power Station (Spain, 200 MW). The 392 MW Ivanpah Solar Power Facility, located in California's Mojave Desert, is the world’s largest solar thermal power plant project currently in operation. There are plans to build many other large solar thermal plants.
The solar thermal power industry was growing, planned with about 1.17 gigawatts (GW) of concentrating solar power (CSP) plants online as of 2011.[2] 582 megawatts of them are located in Spain, and the United States has 507 MW of capacity. About 17 GW of CSP projects are under development worldwide, and the United States leads with about 8 GW. Spain ranks second with 4.46 GW in development, followed by China with 2.5 GW.[2]
Operational
Capacity (MW) |
Name | Land | Standort | Coordinates | Technology type | Notations and references |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
392 | Ivanpah Solar Power Facility | ![]() |
San Bernardino County, California | 35°34′N 115°28′W / 35.567°N 115.467°W | solar power tower | [3][4]
Completed in February 13, 2014 [5] |
354 | Solar Energy Generating Systems | ![]() |
Mojave Desert, California | 35°01′54″N 117°20′53″W / 35.03167°N 117.34806°W | parabolic trough | Collection of 9 units[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] |
280 | Solana Generating Station | ![]() |
Gila Bend, Arizona | 32°55′N 112°58′W / 32.917°N 112.967°W | parabolic trough | Completed in October 2013, with 6h thermal energy storage[15][16] |
250 | Genesis Solar Energy Project | ![]() |
Blythe, California | 33°38′37.68″N 114°59′16.8″W / 33.6438000°N 114.988000°W | parabolic trough | Online April 24, 2014[17][18] |
200 | Solaben Solar Power Station[19] | ![]() |
Logrosán | 39°13′29″N 5°23′26″W / 39.22472°N 5.39056°W | parabolic trough | Solaben 3 completed June 2012[20] Solaben 2 completed October 2012[20] Solaben 1 and 6 completed September 2013[21] |
150 | Solnova Solar Power Station | ![]() |
Sanlúcar la Mayor | 37°25′00″N 06°17′20″W / 37.41667°N 6.28889°W | parabolic trough | Solnova 1 completed May 2010 Solnova 3 completed May 2010 Solnova 4 completed August 2010[22][23][24][25][26] |
150 | Andasol solar power station | ![]() |
Guadix | 37°13′42.70″N 3°4′6.73″W / 37.2285278°N 3.0685361°W | parabolic trough | Andasol 1 completed, 2008, with 7.5h thermal energy storage Andasol 2 completed, 2009, with 7.5h thermal energy storage Andasol 3 completed, 2011, with 7.5h thermal energy storage[27][28] |
150 | Extresol Solar Power Station | ![]() |
Torre de Miguel Sesmero | 38°39′N 6°44′W / 38.650°N 6.733°W | parabolic trough | Extresol 1 completed February 2010, with 7.5h thermal energy storage Extresol 2 completed December 2010, with 7.5h thermal energy storage Extresol 3 completed August 2012, with 7.5h thermal energy storage[20][29][30] |
130 | Welspun Solar MP project | ![]() |
Neemuch | parabolic trough | Feb 2014 [31] | |
100 | Palma del Rio Solar Power Station | ![]() |
Palma del Río | 37°38′N 5°15′W / 37.633°N 5.250°W | parabolic trough | Palma del Rio 2 completed December 2010[20] Palma del Rio 1 completed July 2011[20] |
100 | Manchasol Power Station | ![]() |
Alcázar de San Juan | 39°11′N 3°18′W / 39.183°N 3.300°W | parabolic trough | Manchasol-1 completed January 2011, with 7.5h heat storage[20] Manchasol-2 completed April 2011, with 7.5h heat storage[20] |
100 | Valle Solar Power Station | ![]() |
San José del Valle | 36°39′N 5°50′W / 36.650°N 5.833°W | parabolic trough | Completed December 2011, with 7.5h heat storage[20][32] |
100 | Helioenergy Solar Power Station | ![]() |
Écija | 37°34′43″N 5°9′24″W / 37.57861°N 5.15667°W | parabolic trough | Helioenergy 1 completed September 2011[33][34] Helioenergy 2 completed January 2012[20][33][34] |
100 | Aste Solar Power Station | ![]() |
Alcázar de San Juan | 39°10′22″N 3°15′58″W / 39.17278°N 3.26611°W | parabolic trough | Aste 1A Completed January 2012, with 8h heat storage[20] Aste 1B Completed January 2012, with 8h heat storage[20] |
100 | Solacor Solar Power Station | ![]() |
El Carpio | 37°54′54″N 4°30′9″W / 37.91500°N 4.50250°W | parabolic trough | Solacor 1 completed February 2012[20] Solacor 2 completed March 2012[20][35] |
100 | Helios Solar Power Station | ![]() |
Puerto Lápice | 39°14′24″N 3°28′12″W / 39.24000°N 3.47000°W | parabolic trough | Helios 1 completed May 2012[20] Helios 2 completed August 2012[20] |
100 | Shams | ![]() |
Abu Dhabi Madinat Zayad | 23°34′N 53°42′E / 23.567°N 53.700°E | parabolic trough | Shams 1 completed March 2013 [36] |
100 | Termosol Solar Power Station | ![]() |
Navalvillar de Pela | parabolic trough | Both Termosol 1 and 2 completed in 2013[20] | |
75 | Martin Next Generation Solar Energy Center | ![]() |
Indiantown, Florida | 27°03′11″N 80°33′00″W / 27.05306°N 80.55000°W | ISCC | steam input into a combined cycle[37] |
64 | Nevada Solar One | ![]() |
Boulder City, Nevada | 35°48.0′N 114°58.6′W / 35.8000°N 114.9767°W | parabolic trough | Operational since 2007 |
50 | Puertollano Solar Thermal Power Plant | ![]() |
Puertollano, Ciudad Real | 38°39′N 3°58′W / 38.650°N 3.967°W | parabolic trough | Completed May 2009[38] |
50 | Alvarado I | ![]() |
Badajoz | 38°49′37″N 06°49′34″W / 38.82694°N 6.82611°W | parabolic trough | Completed July 2009[39][40][41] |
50 | La Florida | ![]() |
Alvarado (Badajoz) | parabolic trough | Completed July 2010[20][42] | |
50 | Majadas de Tiétar | ![]() |
Caceres | parabolic trough | Completed August 2010[20][43] | |
50 | La Dehesa | ![]() |
La Garrovilla (Badajoz) | parabolic trough | Completed November 2010[20] | |
50 | Lebrija-1 | ![]() |
Lebrija | parabolic trough | Completed July 2011[20][44] | |
50 | Astexol 2 | ![]() |
Badajoz | parabolic trough | Completed November 2011, with 7.5h thermal energy storage[20][45] | |
50 | Morón | ![]() |
Morón de la Frontera | parabolic trough | Completed May 2012[20] | |
50 | La Africana | ![]() |
Posada | parabolic trough | Completed July 2012, with 7.5h thermal energy storag[20] | |
50 | Guzman | ![]() |
Palma del Río | parabolic trough | Completed July 2012[20] | |
50 | Olivenza 1 | ![]() |
Olivenza | parabolic trough | Completed July 2012[20] | |
50 | Orellana | ![]() |
Orellana la Vieja | parabolic trough | Completed August 2012[20] | |
50 | Godawari Green Energy Limited | ![]() |
Nokh | 27°36′01″N 72°13′25″E / 27.60028°N 72.22361°E | parabolic trough | 2013[46][47][48] |
50 | Enerstar Villena Power Plant | ![]() |
Villena | parabolic trough | Completed 2013[20][49] | |
31.4 | Puerto Errado | ![]() |
Murcia | 38°16′42″N 01°36′01″W / 38.27833°N 1.60028°W | fresnel reflector | Puerto Errado 1 completed April 2009[20][50] Puerto Errado 2 completed February 2012[20][51] |
25 | Hassi R'Mel integrated solar combined cycle power station | ![]() |
Hassi R'mel | 33°07′29″N 03°21′07″E / 33.12472°N 3.35194°E | ISCC | Completed June 2011[52][53] |
22.5 | Termosolar Borges | ![]() |
Borges Blanques | parabolic trough | Completed December 2012[20] | |
20 | PS20 solar power tower | ![]() |
Seville | 37°26′38″N 06°15′34″W / 37.44389°N 6.25944°W | solar power tower | Completed April 2009 |
20 | Kuraymat Plant | ![]() |
Kuraymat | ISCC | Completed December 2010[53][54][55] | |
20 | Ain Beni Mathar Integrated Thermo Solar Combined Cycle Power Plant | ![]() |
Ain Bni Mathar | ISCC | [56][57][58] | |
19.9 | Gemasolar | ![]() |
Fuentes de Andalucia (Seville) | 37°33′38.17″N 05°19′53.61″W / 37.5606028°N 5.3315583°W | solar power tower | Completed May 2011[59] With 15h heat storage[20] |
17 | Yazd integrated solar combined cycle power station | ![]() |
Yazd | 31°57′5″N 54°5′30″E / 31.95139°N 54.09167°E | ISCC | World's first solar combined cycle power plant, to be constructed |
11 | PS10 solar power tower | ![]() |
Seville | 37°26′36.42″N 06°15′14.28″W / 37.4434500°N 6.2539667°W | solar power tower | World's first commercial solar tower |
10 | Delingha Solar Power Plant | ![]() |
Delingha | solar power tower | Phase 1 of project completed in July 2013,[60] total 50 MW planned[61][62] | |
5 | Greenway CSP Mersin Solar Tower Plant | ![]() |
Mersin, Turkey | solar power tower | Turkey's first CSP solar tower plant[63] | |
5 | Kimberlina Solar Thermal Energy Plant | ![]() |
Bakersfield, California | 35°34′06″N 119°12′06″W / 35.56833°N 119.20167°W | fresnel reflector | AREVA Solar, formerly Ausra demonstration plant[64] |
5 | Sierra SunTower | ![]() |
Lancaster, California | 34°46′0.0″N 118°8′0.0″W / 34.766667°N 118.133333°W | solar power tower | North America's first solar tower, completed August 2009[65][66][67] |
5 | Archimede solar power plant | ![]() |
Syracuse, Sicily | 37°8′0″N 15°12′58″E / 37.13333°N 15.21611°E | parabolic trough | ISCC with heat storage Completed July 2010[68][69] |
5 | Thai Solar Energy (TSE) 1 | ![]() |
Huaykrachao | parabolic trough | Completed November 2011[70] | |
9 | Liddell Power Station Solar Steam Generator | ![]() |
New South Wales | 32°22′26″S 150°58′40″E / 32.37389°S 150.97778°E | fresnel reflector | electrical equivalent steam boost for coal station[71][72] |
2.5 | Acme Solar Thermal Tower | ![]() |
solar power tower | Completed 2012[73] | ||
2 | Keahole Solar Power | ![]() |
Hawaii | 19°42′54″N 156°2′7″W / 19.71500°N 156.03528°W | parabolic trough | [74][75] |
1.5 | Jülich Solar Tower | ![]() |
Jülich | 50°54′54″N 06°23′16″E / 50.91500°N 6.38778°E | solar power tower | Completed December 2008[76] |
1.5 | Beijing Badaling Solar Tower | ![]() |
Beijing | 40°40′N 116°30′E / 40.667°N 116.500°E | solar power tower | Completed August 2012[77][78] |
1 | Feranova CSP Plant | ![]() |
Aydin, Turkey | fresnel reflector | Turkey's first CSP plant 2012 | |
1 | Saguaro Solar Power Station | ![]() |
Red Rock, Arizona | parabolic trough | [79] | |
1 | Yanqing Solar Power Station | ![]() |
Yanqing County | 40°27′24″N 115°58′30″E / 40.45667°N 115.97500°E | solar power tower | Completed August 2010[80] |
0.5 | Shiraz solar power plant | ![]() |
Shiraz | 31°56′N 54°02′E / 31.933°N 54.033°E | parabolic trough | Iran's first solar power plant |
0.25 | Augustin Fresnel Solar Power Station[81] | ![]() |
Targassonne | fresnel reflector | prototype, completed 2012, 0.25h thermal energy storage | |
3650.8 | Overall operational capacity |
-
Part of the 354 MW SEGS solar complex in northern San Bernardino County, California.
-
The PS10 concentrates sunlight from a field of heliostats onto a central tower.
-
View of Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System from Yates Well Road, San Bernardino County, California. The Clark Mountain Range can be seen in the distance.
Under construction
Capacity (MW) | Name | Land | Standort | Co- ordinates |
Expected completion |
Technologie | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
280 | Mojave Solar Project | ![]() |
Barstow, California | 35°00′40″N 117°19′30″W / 35.01111°N 117.32500°W | 2014 | parabolic trough | [82][83] |
160 | Ouarzazate solar power station | ![]() |
Ouarzazate | 2015 | parabolic trough | with 3h heat storage[84] | |
121 | Ashalim power station 1 | ![]() |
Negev desert | 30°58′N 34°42′E / 30.967°N 34.700°E | 2017 | solar power tower | [85][86][87] |
110 | Crescent Dunes Solar Energy Project | ![]() |
Nye County, Nevada | 38°14′N 117°22′W / 38.233°N 117.367°W | 2013/14 | solar power tower | with 10h heat storage[88] |
100 | KaXu Solar One | ![]() |
Pofadder, Northern Cape | 2014 | parabolic trough | with 2.5h heat storage[89][90] | |
100 | El Reboso 2+3 | ![]() |
El Puebla del Rio (Seville) | 2015 | parabolic trough | [91][92] | |
100 | Dhursar | ![]() |
2014 | fresnel reflector | [93][94] | ||
100 | Diwakar | ![]() |
Askandra | 2014 | parabolic trough | with 3h heat storage[95] | |
100 | KVK Energy Solar Project | ![]() |
Askandra | 2014 | parabolic trough | with 4h heat storage[96] | |
50 | Arenales PS | ![]() |
Moron de la Frontera (Seville) | 2013 | parabolic trough | [20][45][97] | |
50 | Casablanca | ![]() |
Casablanca | 2013 | parabolic trough | [20] | |
50 | Erdos Solar Power Plant | ![]() |
Hanggin Banner | 2013 | parabolic trough | [98] | |
50 | Khi Solar One | ![]() |
Upington | 2014 | power tower | with 2h heat storage[89][90] | |
50 | Megha Solar Plant | ![]() |
Anantapur | 2013 | parabolic trough | [99] | |
50 | Bokpoort | ![]() |
Groblershoop | 2015 | parabolic trough | with 9h heat storage[100][101] | |
44 | Kogan Creek Solar Boost | ![]() |
Chinchilla | 2015 | fresnel reflector | [102] | |
27.5 | Jinshawan | ![]() |
China | solar updraft tower |
Operations underway at 200 kW.[103] | ||
25 | Gujarat Solar One | ![]() |
Kutch | 23°22.233′N 70°41.988′E / 23.370550°N 70.699800°E | 2013 | parabolic trough | with 9h heat storage[104] |
12 | Alba Nova 1 | ![]() |
Corsica | July, 2015 | fresnel reflector | First utility-scale solar thermal plant in France[105][106] | |
3 | Airlight Energy Ait Baha Plant | ![]() |
Ait Baha | 2013 | parabolic trough | with 12h heat storage[107] | |
1.5 | Tooele Army Depot | ![]() |
Tooele | 2013 | dish | [108] | |
1.4 | THEMIS Solar Power Tower | ![]() |
Pyrénées-Orientales | 42°30′5″N 1°58′27″E / 42.50139°N 1.97417°E | solar power tower | Hybrid solar/gas power plant[109] | |
1 | e-Cube 1 | ![]() |
Hainan | 2013 | Modular Heliostat | First Modular Heliostat solar thermal plant in the world[110] | |
1 | Renovalia | ![]() |
Albacete | dish | [20] | ||
2463.9 | Overall capacity under construction |
Announced
Announced — USA
Capacity (MW) |
Name | Standort | Coordinates | Technologie | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
500 | Palen Solar Power Project [111] | Riverside County, California | solar power tower | Bought by Brightsource [112] | |
340 | Hualapai Valley Solar Project | Mohave County, Arizona | parabolic trough | [113][114] | |
300 | Unnamed | Florida | fresnel reflector | [115] | |
250 | Beacon Solar Energy Project | Kern County, California | parabolic trough | [3] | |
250 | Harper Lake Solar | San Bernardino County, California | parabolic trough | [3] | |
200 | Unnamed Kingman solar project | Mohave County, Arizona | parabolic trough | [116] | |
200 | EnviroMission | Arizona | solar updraft tower | [117] | |
200 | BrightSource PPA5 | Mojave, California | solar power tower | [3] | |
200 | BrightSource PPA6 | Mojave, California | solar power tower | [3] | |
200 | BrightSource PPA7 | Mojave, California | solar power tower | [3] | |
150 | Rice Solar Energy Project | Riverside County, California | 34°04′N 114°48′W / 34.067°N 114.800°W | solar power tower | with 7h heat storage[3] |
150 | Crossroads Solar Energy Project | Maricopa County, Arizona | solar power tower | with 10h heat storage[118][119] | |
92 | Suntower | Doña Ana County, New Mexico | solar power tower | [120][121] | |
84 | eSolar 1 | Los Angeles County, California | solar power tower | [3] | |
66 | eSolar 2 | Los Angeles County, California | solar power tower | [3] | |
62 | City of Palmdale Hybrid Power Project | Palmdale, California | parabolic trough steam input for hybrid gas plant | [3] | |
50 | Victorville 2 Hybrid Power Project | Victorville, California | parabolic trough steam input for hybrid gas plant | [3] | |
50 | Sound Hybrid G | Unannounced | hybrid | [122] | |
5 | Kalaeloa Solar One MicroCSP Power Project | Barbers Point Naval Air Station, Hawaii | MicroCSP parabolic trough steam input for power generation with thermal storage | [123] | |
3949 | Overall capacity announced in the USA |
Announced — Spain
MW | Name | Standort | Coordinates | Technologie | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
200 | Andasol 4–7 | Granada | parabolic trough with heat storage | [29] | |
100 | Solnova 2, 4–5 | Sevilla | 37°25′00″N 06°17′20″W / 37.41667°N 6.28889°W | parabolic trough with heat storage | [124] |
50 | Ibersol Badajoz | Fuente de Cantos | parabolic trough | [125] | |
50 | Ibersol Valdecaballeros 1–2 | Valdecaballeros | parabolic trough | [125] | |
50 | Ibersol Sevilla | Aznalcollar | parabolic trough | [125] | |
50 | Ibersol Almería | Tabernas | parabolic trough | [125] | |
50 | Ibersol Albacete | Almansa | parabolic trough | [125] | |
50 | Ibersol Murcia | Lorca | parabolic trough | [125] | |
50 | Ibersol Zamora | Cubillos | parabolic trough | [125] | |
100 | Aste 3, 4 | Alcázar de San Juan (Ciudad Real) |
parabolic trough | [45] | |
50 | Astexol 1 | Extremadura | parabolic trough | [45] | |
50 | AZ 20 | Sevilla | solar power tower | [124] | |
50 | Alcázar Solar Thermal Power Project | Alcázar de San Juan | solar power tower | [126] | |
20 | Almaden Plant | Albacete | solar power tower | [127] | |
10 | Gotasol | Gotarrendura | linear fresnel | [128] | |
0.08 | Aznalcollar TH | Sevilla | dish sterling | [124] | |
930.08 | Overall capacity announced in Spain |
Announced — other countries
Capacity MW | Name | Land | Standort | Coordinates | Technologie | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2000 | Ordos | ![]() |
Mongolian desert, China | solar power tower | [129] | |
1540 | Solar Energy Project | ![]() |
Ain Beni Mathar, Foum Al Quad, Boujdour, Sebkhat Tah - Morocco | unknown | [130] | |
1000 | Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park Project | ![]() |
Bahawalpur, Pakistan | unknown | [131] | |
200 | Noor II CSP Project | ![]() |
Ouarzazate - Morocco | parabolic trough | [132] | |
100 | Noor III CSP Project | ![]() |
Ouarzazate - Morocco | solar power tower | [132] | |
280 | Al-Abdaliya | ![]() |
?? | parabolic trough | [133] | |
120 | Shneur Solar Power Station | ![]() |
Tze'elim, Israel | parabolic trough | [134] | |
100 | CAP SunEdison | ![]() |
Atacama Desert, Chile | [135] | ||
72 | Mashhad solar-thermal power station | ![]() |
Mashhad, Iran | Parabolic dish with tracer system | [136] | |
60 | Mashavei Sadde solar-thermal power station | ![]() |
Mashavei Sadde(Negev), Israel | CSP | [137] | |
30 | Archetype SW 550 solar power plant | ![]() |
Passo Martino(CT), Sicily | Parabolic trough with heat storage, biomass integration and cogenerating desalination | [138][139] | |
14 | Agua Prieta II integrated solar combined cycle power station | ![]() |
Agua Prieta(Sonora), Mexico | ISCC | [140][141] | |
30 | São Francisco power plant | ![]() |
Santa Maria da Boa Vista, Pernambuco, Brazil | unknown | [142][143] | |
5 | Fonte Solar I | ![]() |
Tacaratu, Pernambuco, Brazil | unknown | [142][143] | |
5 | Fonte Solar II | ![]() |
Tacaratu, Pernambuco, Brazil | unknown | [142][143] | |
29.25 | São Pedro e Paulo I | ![]() |
Flores, Pernambuco, Brazil | unknown | [142][143] | |
22.82 | Cone Energia | ![]() |
Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Pernambuco, Brazil | unknown | [142][143] | |
29.75 | Força Verde Pernambuco Energia | ![]() |
Joaquim Nabuco, Pernambuco, Brazil | unknown | [142][143] | |
100 | Shams solar power station | ![]() |
Abu Dhabi, UAE | parabolic trough | [144][145] | |
4737.82 | Overall capacity announced in other countries |
Out of commission
- Solar One (converted into Solar Two) — USA California, 10 MW, power tower design
- SES-5 — USSR, 5 MW, power tower design, water / Steam, service period 1985-1989[146]
- Maricopa Solar — USA Peoria, Arizona, 1.5 MW dish stirling SES / Tessera Solar's first commercial-scale Dish Stirling power plant. Completed January 2010[147]
See also
- Concentrated solar power
- List of concentrating solar thermal power companies
- List of energy storage projects
- List of large wind farms
- List of largest power stations in the world
- List of photovoltaic power stations
- Plataforma Solar de Almería
- Renewable energy commercialization
- Renewable energy industry
- Solar power plants in the Mojave Desert
- Solar thermal energy
References
- ^ Edwin Cartlidge (18 November 2011). "Saving for a rainy day". Science (Vol 334). pp. 922–924.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|url=
(help) - ^ a b Wang, Ucilia (6 June 2011). "The Rise of Concentrating Solar Thermal Power". Renewable Energy World.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Large Solar Energy Projects, California Government
- ^ PG&E and BrightSource Sign Contracts for Over 1,300 MW of Solar Thermal
- ^ World’s Largest Solar Thermal Power Project at Ivanpah Achieves Commercial Operation
- ^ Solar Electric Generating Station I
- ^ Solar Electric Generating Station II
- ^ Solar Electric Generating Station III
- ^ Solar Electric Generating Station IV
- ^ Solar Electric Generating Station V
- ^ Solar Electric Generating Station VI
- ^ Solar Electric Generating Station VII
- ^ Solar Electric Generating Station VIII
- ^ Solar Electric Generating Station IX
- ^ Abengoa Solar: Abengoa’s Solana, the US’s first large-scale solar plant with thermal energy storage system, begins commercial operation
- ^ SolarServer: Concentrating solar power: Solana CSP plant begins commercial operation
- ^ CSP World
- ^ Another Huge Solar Plant Goes Online in California's Desert, Chris Clarke, REWIRE, May 5, 2014
- ^ Abengoa Solar begins construction on Extremadura’s second solar concentrating solar power plant
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah Lokalizacion de Centrales Termosolares en Espana
- ^ CSP World: Abengoa closes financing and begin operation of Solaben 1 & 6 CSP plants in Spain - See more at: http://www.csp-world.com/news/20130930/001204/abengoa-closes-financing-and-begin-operation-solaben-1-6-csp-plants-spain
- ^ Abengoa Rakes in $426M for 4 Solar Power Plants
- ^ "Abengoa Begins Operation of 50MW Concentrating Solar Power Plant". SustainableBusiness.com News. May 6, 2010. Retrieved 2010-05-07.
- ^ Abengoa Solar begins commercial operation of Solnova 1
- ^ Abengoa Solar begins commercial operation of Solnova 3
- ^ Abengoa Solar Reaches Total of 193 Megawatts Operating
- ^ Andasol 1 has started test run
- ^ The Construction of the Andasol Power Plants
- ^ a b Solar Thermal Power Generation - A Spanish Success Story
- ^ ACS Launches the Operation Phase of its Third Dispatchable 50 MW Thermal Power Plant in Spain, Extresol-1
- ^ India’s largest solar plant in MP, Modi calls it ‘saffron revolution’
- ^ VALLE 1 and VALLE 2
- ^ a b Renewable Energy Magazine: Abengoa-E.ON joint solar thermal electric plant comes online
- ^ a b Abengoa Projects in Andalucia
- ^ CSP World Solacor 2 comes on-line
- ^ World’s Largest Concentrating Solar Power Plant Launches In Abu Dhabi
- ^ Here comes the sun! FPL's Next Generation Solar Energy Center to be world's first hybrid solar plant, first utility-scale solar facility in Florida
- ^ José María Barreda and Ignacio Galán open Iberdrola Renovables’ first solar termal power plant
- ^ Acciona Status Solarpaces 2008 p.25
- ^ ACCIONA Energía develops 900-million-euro renewables projects in the region of Extremadura
- ^ ACCIONA opens its first CSP plant in Spain, in Extremadura
- ^ Spain - A Solar Thermal Powerhouse
- ^ Acciona starts work on its €237 million CSP plant in Spain
- ^ Solel Begins Construction on New 50 MW Solar Field in Spain using Advanced SunField LP Technology
- ^ a b c d Concentrated Solar Power(CSP)
- ^ CSP World: Godawari Green Energy
- ^ NREL: Godawari Solar Project
- ^ Bloomberg: Godawari Starts Asia’s Biggest Solar-Thermal Power Plant
- ^ Enerstar homepage
- ^ World First in Solar Power Plant Technology
- ^ NREL: Puerto Errado 2 Thermosolar Power Plant
- ^ Abengoa Annual Information 2007
- ^ a b ISCC's outlook brightens with wave of projects
- ^ First parabolic trough solar field in Egypt is under construction
- ^ Egypt’s first solar-thermal plant goes into operation in Kuraymat
- ^ King Mohamed VI Launches Thermo-Solar Energy Plant in Morocco
- ^ World Bank: Nurturing Low Carbon Economy in Morocco
- ^ Centrale Thermo-Solaire à Cycle Combine Integre d'Ain Beni Mathar
- ^ Torresol Energy commissions Gemasolar Power Plant in Spain
- ^ MeetingChina: China’s First Solar-thermal Power Project Achieved Grid-connected Power Generation
- ^ SUPCON: Delingha 50 MW Solar Power Plant Succeed in Producing Steam
- ^ NREL: Supcon Solar Project
- ^ [1]
- ^ Ausra’s first solar thermal plant starts up
- ^ eSolar Flips the Switch on First Solar Power Tower in U.S.
- ^ eSolar Ushers in New Era of Solar Energy with Unveiling of Sierra Power Plant
- ^ SciAm - First U.S. "Power Tower" Lights Up California
- ^ The Thermodynamic Solar Project p.14-18 (dead link)
- ^ At Priolo Enel Inaugurates the "Archimede" Power Plant
- ^ Weekly Intelligence Brief: November 28 – December 5
- ^ CLFR
- ^ Solar thermal plant at the Liddell Power Station gets government support
- ^ Solar Thermal
- ^ Sopogy Wins Innovative Company of the Year 2008
- ^ Aloha, MicroCSP: Sopogy 2MW solar thermal system inaugurated on big island of Hawaii
- ^ Salt-Free Solar: CSP Tower Using Air
- ^ NAFSTE: Beijing Badaling CSP Tower Plant Succeeded in its first power generation test
- ^ NREL: Beijing Badaling Solar Tower
- ^ Saguaro Solar Trough (dead link)
- ^ CSP World: China's first megawatt-size power tower is complete and operational
- ^ NREL: Augustin Fresnel 1
- ^ Abengoa: Plants under construction - United States
- ^ CSP World: Abengoa closes $1.2 billion financing for the Mojave Solar Project and starts construction
- ^ Saudi Power Developer Gives Spanish Firms Work in Morocco
- ^ Israel to hold tender for solar energy plants
- ^ Ministry of Energy and Water Resources: Electricity Generation
- ^ BrightSource takes solar thermal energy home to Israel
- ^ Tonopah Solar Energy
- ^ a b Abengoa: Plants under construction - South Africa
- ^ a b CSP World: Abengoa kicks off South Africa's first CSP plants construction
- ^ Boragis: El Reboso II
- ^ Boragis: El Reboso III
- ^ NREL: Dhursar
- ^ Power Today: R-Power posts Q3 net profit RS 266 crore
- ^ NREL: Diwakar
- ^ NREL: KVK Energy Solar Project
- ^ Solar Millennium AG and OHL Industrial jointly take over planned Spanish 50 megawatt power plant Arenales from Fotowatio Renewable Ventures
- ^ Project 6835 : Inner Mongolia Erdos 50MWp Groove Type Solar Thermal Project
- ^ NREL: Megha Solar Plant
- ^ Project 7841 : Bokpoort CSP (Concentrating Solar Power) Project, South Africa
- ^ CSP World: Groundbreaking ceremony for Bokpoort CSP plant in South Africa has been held - See more at: http://www.csp-world.com/news/20130925/001189/groundbreaking-ceremony-bokpoorts-csp-plant-south-africa-has-been-held
- ^ NREL: Kogan Creek Solar Boost
- ^ China's first solar chimney plant starts operating in desert
- ^ NREL: Gujarat Solar One
- ^ www.solareuromed.com
- ^ Alba Nova 1 : le chantier de la centrale thermodynamique corse démarre
- ^ NREL: Airlight Energy Ait Baha Plant
- ^ NREL: Tooele Army Depot
- ^ Production d'Electricité par turbine à GAz et énergie SolairE
- ^ 光热发电:新能源产业创新转型捷径
- ^ BrightSource seeks change of ownership
- ^ BrightSource buys Palen Solar project
- ^ Adams, Suzanne (May 13, 2009). "Another solar plant on tap". Kingman Daily Miner. Retrieved 2009-05-15.
- ^ Dong, Mitchell (April 1, 2009). "Mitchell Dong - Alternative Energy Entrepreneur" (slideshow). Mohave Sun Power. Retrieved 2009-05-15.
- ^ Big Solar Thermal Power Plants Planned for Florida, California
- ^ Chilton, James (April 21, 2009). "Massive solar complex planned near Kingman". Kingman Daily Miner. Retrieved 2009-05-15.
- ^ "Arup Engineering Services Engaged by EnviroMission". Enviromission. April 21, 2009. Retrieved 2010-11-09.
- ^ Prior, Brett (February 9, 2011). "As One Solar Thermal Project Dies, Another is Born". Greentech Media. Retrieved 2011-02-10.
- ^ "Project Overview". Crossroads Solar Energy Project. Retrieved 2011-02-10.
- ^ Major Holmes, Sue (June 2009). "Nation's largest solar plant to be built in NM". Associated Press (AP). Retrieved 2009-06-16.
- ^ Souder, Elizabeth (June 12, 2009). "NRG Energy's solar plant plans could stretch into Texas". The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved 2009-06-16.
- ^ Sound Gallagher (dead link) 26 July 2007.
- ^ KSP and the Department of Hawaiian Home Lands partner to build Hawaii's largest Concentrating Solar Power project
- ^ a b c Solúcar Platform
- ^ a b c d e f g Madrid, Spain: Iberdrola Proceeds with Nine Solar Thermal Electric Plants
- ^ "SolarReserve and Preneal Receive Environmental Permit for 50 Megawatt Solar Energy Project in Spain". Business Wire. November 17, 2009. Retrieved 2009-11-18.
- ^ Abengoa Projects in Castilla la Mancha
- ^ Solar Power Group: First commercial Solar-thermal power plant in Spain
- ^ Woody, Todd (2010-01-09). "Pasadena's ESolar lands 2,000-megawatt deal in China". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ "Update 1- Morocco to invite bids for solar station in Feb". Reuters. 2010-01-06.
- ^ http://tribune.com.pk/story/706555/alternate-energy-pakistans-first-solar-park-rolled-out/.
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(help) - ^ a b "Morocco expands solar capacity". Zawya. 2013-09-23.
- ^ PV-Tech: Kuwait’s first solar park to be built for US$3.27 billion
- ^ Project 4444 : Shneur Solar Thermal Grid-Connected Power Plant in Ze'elim
- ^ CAP y SunEdison firman acuerdo para construir en Chile la mayor planta solar de Latinoamérica
- ^ Iran's biggest solar power plant
- ^ Two Sigma and Hezzi Kogler plan to build solar thermal power station with a budget worth 300 Million NIS
- ^ EGP realizza in Italia la prima centrale solare termodinamica
- ^ Demonstration of innovating parabolic solar trough using an alternative heat transfer fluid producing electricity and fresh water: ARChimede Hot Energy TYPology Enhanced Water Solar 550
- ^ Realizará CFE proyecto de campo solar
- ^ Abengoa to build Mexico’s first hybrid solar-gas plant
- ^ a b c d e f "Leilão define que Pernambuco terá 6 usinas solares" (in Portuguese). JC online. 2013-12-28. Retrieved 2014-02-17.
- ^ a b c d e f "Pernambuco promove primeiro leilão de energia solar do País, que atrai investimentos de R$ 597 milhões" (in Portuguese). Pe.gov.br. 2013-12-27. Retrieved 2014-02-17.
- ^
"Riesiges Sonnenwärmekraftwerk startet Betrieb". Der Spiegel (in German). 17 March 2013. Retrieved 17 March 2013.
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suggested) (help) - ^ Al Makahleh, Shehab (23 November 2012). "Milestone: Shams 1 set to tap solar power". Gulf News. Retrieved 25 November 2012.
- ^ Making solar thermal power generation in India a reality – Overview of technologies, opportunities and challenges
- ^ Wilson, Alex (April 29, 2010). "Building Green's Product of the Week". Stirling SunCatcher with "Heat Engine" Technology. Building Green.com. Retrieved 2011-03-03.
Further reading
- Clean Tech Nation: How the U.S. Can Lead in the New Global Economy (2012) by Ron Pernick and Clint Wilder
- Deploying Renewables 2011 (2011) by the International Energy Agency
- Reinventing Fire: Bold Business Solutions for the New Energy Era (2011) by Amory Lovins
- Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation (2011) by the IPCC
- Solar Energy Perspectives (2011) by the International Energy Agency