Examine individual changes

[ 0 => '{{short description|National anthem of the United Kingdom}}', 1 => '{{Redirect|God Save the King|other uses|God Save the Queen (disambiguation)|and|God Save the King (disambiguation)}}', 2 => '{{Use British English|date=July 2014}}', 3 => '{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}', 4 => '{{Infobox anthem', 5 => '| title = God Save the Queen', 6 => '| image = gstk.png', 7 => '| image_size = ', 8 => '| alt = Sheet music of God Save the Queen', 9 => '| caption = Publication of an early version in ''[[The Gentleman's Magazine]]'', October 1745. The title, on the contents page, is given as "God save our lord the king: A new song set for two voices".', 10 => '| prefix = National and royal', 11 => '| country = the {{nowrap|{{flag|United Kingdom}}}}', 12 => '| alt_title = "God Save the King"<br />(when the monarch is male)', 13 => '| lyrics_date = ', 14 => '| composer = Unknown<!-- do not change this composer, if it is known. -->', 15 => '| music_date = ', 16 => '| adopted = {{Start date and age|1745|9}}', 17 => '| sound = United States Navy Band - God Save the Queen.ogg', 18 => '| sound_title = "God Save the Queen"', 19 => '}}', 20 => '', 21 => '"'''God Save the Queen'''" (alternatively "'''God Save the King'''" depending on the gender of the reigning monarch) is the [[national anthem|national]] or [[royal anthem]] in most [[Commonwealth realm]]s, their territories and the British [[Crown dependencies]].<ref name="royal.gov.uk">{{cite web|url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchUK/Symbols/NationalAnthem.aspx| title=National Anthem| website=The official website of The British Monarchy| access-date=21 August 2014| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140902162152/http://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchUK/Symbols/NationalAnthem.aspx | archive-date=2 September 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Isle of Man| publisher=nationalanthems.info| url=http://www.nationalanthems.info/im.htm| access-date=17 August 2010| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100927040310/http://nationalanthems.info/im.htm | archive-date=27 September 2010 }}</ref> Members of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]] which are not a Commonwealth realm either do not have a royal anthem or have a different one, e.g. [[Malaysia]]. The author of the tune is unknown, and it may originate in [[Plainsong|plainchant]]; but an attribution to the composer [[John Bull (composer)|John Bull]] is sometimes made.', 22 => '', 23 => '"God Save the Queen" is the de facto national anthem of the United Kingdom and one of [[national anthems of New Zealand|two national anthems]] used by New Zealand since 1977, as well as for several of the UK's territories that have their own additional local anthem. It is also the royal anthem – played specifically in the presence of the monarch – of the aforementioned countries, as well as Australia (since 1984), Canada (since 1980),<ref>{{Citation| last=MacLeod| first=Kevin S.| author-link=Kevin S. MacLeod| title=A Crown of Maples| place=Ottawa| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| year=2008| edition=1| page=I| url=http://www.pch.gc.ca/pgm/ceem-cced/fr-rf/crnCdn/crn_mpls-eng.pdf| isbn=978-0-662-46012-1| access-date=25 June 2010}}</ref> and most other Commonwealth realms. An exception is [[Barbados]], where the [[Royal anthem of Barbados|national anthem is played]] instead.', 24 => '', 25 => 'In countries not previously part of the [[British Empire]], the tune of "God Save the Queen" has provided the basis for various patriotic songs, though still generally connected with royal ceremony.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://nationalanthems.me/united-kingdom-god-save-the-queen/| title=United Kingdom – God Save the Queen| publisher=NationalAnthems.me| access-date=23 November 2011 }}</ref> The melody continues to be used for the national anthem of [[Liechtenstein]], "[[Oben am jungen Rhein]]", and the royal anthem of [[Norway]], "[[Kongesangen]]". In the United States, the melody is used for the patriotic song "[[My Country, 'Tis of Thee]]" (also known as "America"). The melody was also used for the national anthem '[[Heil dir im Siegerkranz]]' of the German Empire from 1871 to 1918 and as "[[The Prayer of Russians]]", the imperial anthem of Russia from 1816 to 1833. In [[Switzerland]], it is known as "[[Rufst du, mein Vaterland]]".', 26 => '', 27 => 'Beyond its first verse, which is consistent, "God Save the Queen/King" has many historic and extant versions. Since its first publication, different verses have been added and taken away and, even today, different publications include various selections of verses in various orders.<ref>cf. the versions in the hymn books ''English Hymnal'', ''Hymns Ancient and Modern'', and ''Songs of Praise''</ref> In general, only one verse is sung. Sometimes two verses are sung, and on rare occasions, three.<ref name="royal.gov.uk"/>', 28 => '', 29 => 'The [[sovereign]] and her or his spouse are saluted with the entire composition,<ref>{{cite web | title=Thatcher funeral: Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, Prince Philip arrive | work=YouTube | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sxBn2HbkdBk | access-date=28 July 2017}}</ref> while other members of the royal family who are entitled to royal salute (such as the [[Prince of Wales]] and the [[Duke of Cambridge]] along with their spouses) receive just the first six bars. The first six bars also form all or part of the [[Vice Regal Salute]] in some Commonwealth realms other than the UK (e.g., in Canada, governors general and lieutenant governors at official events are saluted with the first six bars of "God Save the Queen" followed by the first four and last four bars of "[[O Canada]]"), as well as the salute given to governors of British overseas territories.', 30 => '', 31 => '==History==', 32 => 'In ''[[The Oxford Companion to Music]]'', [[Percy Scholes]] points out the similarities to an early [[plainsong]] melody, although the rhythm is very distinctly that of a [[galliard]],<ref>{{cite book| last=Scholes| first=Percy A| title=The Oxford Companion to Music, Tenth Edition| publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]| title-link=The Oxford Companion to Music}}</ref> and he gives examples of several such dance tunes that bear a striking resemblance to "God Save the King/Queen". Scholes quotes a keyboard piece by [[John Bull (composer)|John Bull]] (1619) which has some similarities to the modern tune, depending on the placing of [[accidental (music)|accidentals]] which at that time were unwritten in certain cases and left to the discretion of the player (see ''[[musica ficta]]''). He also points to several pieces by [[Henry Purcell]], one of which includes the opening notes of the modern tune, setting the words "God Save the King". Nineteenth-century scholars and commentators mention the widespread belief that an old Scots carol, "Remember O Thou Man", was the source of the tune.<ref>{{cite book| last=Sousa| first = John Philip| title=National, Patriotic, and Typical Airs of All Lands| year=1890| quote=[Remember O Thou Man] is the air on the ground of which ''God Save the King'' Is sometimes claimed for Scotland. It is in two strains of 8 bars each and has the rhythm and melody of the modern tune in the first and third bars of the second strain. But it is in minor.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| last=Pinkerton| first=John| title = The Literary Correspondence of John Pinkerton, Esq.| year=1830| quote=''Remember O thou man'' is unquestionably the root of ''God save the King''}}</ref>', 33 => '', 34 => 'Later in 1686, it is clearly stated by the French [[Marquise de Créquy]] who wrote in her ''Souvenirs'' that a song named "{{lang|fr|Grand Dieu, sauvez le Roi!|italic=no}}" ("Great God, save the King"),<ref>{{cite web |title=Grand dieu sauve le roy|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fvKxqQ8N5Do|publisher=youtube}}</ref> with words by {{ill|Marie de Brinon|fr}} and music by [[Jean-Baptiste Lully]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://penelope.uchicago.edu/crequy/chap104.html| title=Souvenirs de la Marquise de Créquy, chap. 4| publisher=Penelope.uchicago.edu| access-date=12 February 2014}}</ref> was performed in gratitude for the survival by [[Louis XIV]] of a complicated surgery to remove an [[anal fistula]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Fistule anale de Louis XIV|url=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fistule_anale_de_Louis_XIV|publisher=Durand |language=fr}}</ref> In 1714, [[George Frideric Handel|Handel]], then official composer of British King George I, visited [[Versailles]] and heard Lully's hymn. He noted it down, had the text adapted in English and submitted it to the King, gaining a big reception and so adopted by the British. After the [[Battle of Culloden]], the Hanover dynasty supposedly adopted this melody as the British anthem. A different song, "{{lang|la|[[Domine, Salvum Fac Regem]]|italic=no}}" ("Lord, save the King"), was the unofficial French anthem until 1792.<ref>See the sheet music available online: {{cite web |url=http://www.cmbv.com/images/edit/m-pdf/dumont/m014099.pdf |title=Domine Salvum Fac Regem |access-date=1 April 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061124075630/http://www.cmbv.com/images/edit/m-pdf/dumont/m014099.pdf |archive-date=24 November 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref>', 35 => '', 36 => 'The first published version of what is almost the present tune appeared in 1744 in ''Thesaurus Musicus''. The 1744 version of the song was popularised in Scotland and England the following year, with the landing of [[Charles Edward Stuart]] and was published in ''[[The Gentleman's Magazine]]'' (see illustration above). This manuscript has the tune depart from that which is used today at several points, one as early as the first bar, but is otherwise clearly a strong relative of the contemporary anthem. It was recorded as being sung in London theatres in 1745, with, for example, [[Thomas Arne]] writing a setting of the tune for the [[Theatre Royal, Drury Lane|Drury Lane Theatre]].', 37 => '', 38 => 'Scholes' analysis includes mention of "untenable" and "doubtful" claims, as well as "an American misattribution". Some of these are:', 39 => '* [[James Oswald (composer)|James Oswald]] was a possible author of the ''Thesaurus Musicus'', so may have played a part in the history of the song, but is not a strong enough candidate to be cited as the composer of the tune.', 40 => '* [[Henry Carey (writer)|Henry Carey]]: Scholes refutes this attribution: first on the grounds that Carey himself never made such a claim; second, when the claim was made by Carey's son (in 1795), it was in support of a request for a pension from the British Government; and third, the younger Carey claimed that his father, who died in 1743, had written parts of the song in 1745. It has also been claimed that the work was first publicly performed by Carey during a dinner in 1740 in honour of Admiral [[Edward Vernon|Edward "Grog" Vernon]], who had captured the Spanish harbour of [[Porto Bello, Panama|Porto Bello]] (then in the [[Viceroyalty of New Granada]], now in [[Panama]]) during the [[War of Jenkins' Ear]].', 41 => '', 42 => 'Scholes recommends the attribution "traditional" or "traditional; earliest known version by John Bull (1562–1628)". The ''[[English Hymnal]]'' (musical editor [[Ralph Vaughan Williams]]) gives no attribution, stating merely "17th or 18th cent."<ref>{{cite book| last=Dearmer|first=Percy|author2=Vaughan Williams, Ralph|title= The English Hymnal with Tunes|publisher=Oxford University Press| year=1906| page=724}}Hymn No. 560 "National Anthem"</ref>', 43 => '', 44 => '=== Original lyrics ===', 45 => 'The lyrics as published in the ''Gentleman's Magazine'' in 1745 ran:', 46 => '<blockquote><poem>God save great [[George II of Great Britain|George]] our king,', 47 => 'Long live our noble king,', 48 => 'God save the king.', 49 => 'Send him victorious,', 50 => 'Happy and glorious,', 51 => 'Long to reign over us,', 52 => 'God save the king!<ref name="gentsmag">{{cite journal |title=A Song for Two Voices: As sung at both Playhouses |journal=[[The Gentleman's Magazine]] |volume=15 |issue=10 |date=October 1745 |page=552 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iGDPAAAAMAAJ }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=God Save the King |url=https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/media_player?mets_filename=evm00003103mets.xml |website=www.encyclopediavirginia.org}}</ref></poem></blockquote>', 53 => '', 54 => '==Use in the United Kingdom==', 55 => '[[File:It is far better to face the bullets.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=Poster of blimp above London at nighttime, with the text "It is far better to face the bullets than to be killed at home by a bomb. Join the army at once & help to stop an air raid. God save the King".|The phrase "God Save the King" in use as a rallying cry to the support of the monarch and the UK's forces]]', 56 => '', 57 => 'Like many aspects of British constitutional life, "God Save the Queen" derives its official status from custom and use, not from Royal [[Proclamation]] or [[Act of Parliament]]. The variation in the UK of the lyrics to "God Save the Queen" is the oldest amongst those currently used, and forms the basis on which all other versions used throughout the Commonwealth are formed; though, again, the words have varied over time.', 58 => '', 59 => 'England has no official national anthem of its own; "God Save the Queen" is treated as the English national anthem when England is represented at sporting events (though there are some exceptions to this rule, such as cricket where "[[And did those feet in ancient time|Jerusalem]]" is used). There is a movement to establish an English national anthem, with [[William Blake|Blake]] and [[Hubert Parry|Parry]]'s "Jerusalem" and [[Edward Elgar|Elgar's]] "[[Land of Hope and Glory]]" among the top contenders. Wales has a single official national anthem, "[[Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau]]" (Land of my Fathers) while Scotland uses unofficial anthems ("[[Scotland the Brave]]" was traditionally used until the 1990s, since then, "[[Flower of Scotland]]" is more commonly used), these anthems are used formally at state and national ceremonies as well as international sporting events such as [[Association football|football]] and [[rugby union]] matches.<ref name = "olympic usage"/> On all occasions in Northern Ireland, "God Save the Queen" is still used as the official anthem.', 60 => '', 61 => 'The phrase "No surrender" is occasionally sung in the bridge before "Send her victorious" by England football fans at matches.<ref name="BackCrabbe2001">{{cite book|author1=Les Back|author2=Tim Crabbe|author3=John Solomos|title=The Changing Face of Football: Racism, Identity and Multiculture in the English Game|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bk-BAAAAMAAJ|access-date=30 March 2013|date=1 November 2001|publisher=Berg Publishers|isbn=978-1-85973-478-0|page=266}}</ref><ref name=IndObit>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/mar/29/english-football-racist-fa-looks-other-way|author=Marina Hyde|title=Race issues (News), FA (Football Association), England football team, Rio Ferdinand, John Terry, Football, Sport, UK news|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|location=London|date=29 March 2013}}</ref> The phrase is also associated with [[Ulster loyalism]] and can sometimes be heard at the same point before Northern Ireland football matches.', 62 => '', 63 => 'Since 2003, "God Save the Queen", considered an all-inclusive anthem for Great Britain and Northern Ireland, as well as other countries within the Commonwealth, has been dropped from the [[Commonwealth Games]]. Northern Irish athletes receive their gold medals to the tune of the "[[Londonderry Air]]", popularly known as "[[Danny Boy]]". In 2006, English winners heard Elgar's [[Pomp and Circumstance Marches|"''Pomp and Circumstance March'' No. 1"]], usually known as "Land of Hope and Glory",<ref>Anthem 4 England – At the 2010 Commonwealth games Blake and Parry's "Jerusalem" was used by the England team [http://anthem4england.co.uk/modules/news/article.php?storyid=1 Land of Hope and Glory] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100507021019/http://anthem4england.co.uk/modules/news/article.php?storyid=1 |date=7 May 2010 }}</ref> but after a poll conducted by the [[Commonwealth Games Council for England]] prior to the 2010 Games, "Jerusalem" was adopted as England's new Commonwealth Games anthem. In sports in which the UK competes as one nation, most notably as [[Great Britain at the Olympics]], "God Save the Queen" is used to represent anyone or any team that comes from the United Kingdom.<ref name="olympic usage">{{cite web |access-date=2 February 2008 |url=http://www.learnenglish.org.uk/stories/poem_act/anthems.html |title=National anthems & national songs |publisher=[[British Council]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071120124413/http://www.learnenglish.org.uk/stories/poem_act/anthems.html |archive-date=20 November 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref>', 64 => '', 65 => '===Lyrics in the UK===', 66 => '[[File:Town Hall Stratford.jpg|thumb|The Town Hall, [[Stratford-upon-Avon]], Warwickshire (built 1767), bearing the painted slogan, "God Save the King".]]', 67 => 'The phrase "God Save the King" is much older than the song, appearing, for instance, several times in the [[King James version of the Bible|King James Bible]].<ref>1 Samuel x. 24; 2 Samuel xvi. 16 and 2 Kings xi. 12</ref> [[Zadok the Priest|A text]] based on the [[Books of Kings|1st Book of Kings]] Chapter 1: verses 38–40, "And all the people rejoic'd, and said: God save the King! Long live the King! May the King live for ever, Amen", has been sung at every [[Coronation of the British Monarch|coronation]] since that of [[Edgar of England|King Edgar]] in 973.<ref name = "WestminsterAbbey1">{{citation|title=Guide to the Coronation Service |url=http://www.westminster-abbey.org/our-history/royals/coronations/guide-to-the-coronation-service|access-date=20 August 2009|work=Westminster Abbey website|year=2009|publisher=Dean and Chapter of Westminster|location=London, U.K.|quote=Meanwhile, the choir sings the anthem Zadok the Priest, the words of which (from the first Book of Kings) have been sung at every coronation since King Edgar's in 973. Since the coronation of George II in 1727 the setting by Handel has always been used.}}</ref> Scholes says that as early as 1545 "God Save the King" was a [[watchword]] of the [[Royal Navy]], with the response being "Long to reign over us".<ref>{{cite book |last=Wood |first=William |title=Flag and Fleet: How the British Navy Won the Freedom of the Seas |url=http://www.sakoman.net/pg/html/19849.htm |year=1919 |publisher=Macmillan }}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>"The Watchword in the Night shall be, 'God save King Henrye!' The other shall answer, 'Long to raign over Us!'</ref> He also notes that the prayer read in churches on anniversaries of the [[Gunpowder Plot]] includes words which might have formed part of the basis for the second verse "Scatter our enemies...assuage their malice and confound their devices".', 68 => '', 69 => 'In 1745, ''The Gentleman's Magazine'' published "God save our lord the king: A new song set for two voices", describing it "As sung at both Playhouses" (the Theatres Royal at [[Theatre Royal, Drury Lane|Drury Lane]] and [[Royal Opera House|Covent Garden]]).<ref name="gentsmag"/> Traditionally, the first performance was thought to have been in 1745, when it was sung in support of [[George II of Great Britain|King George II]], after his defeat at the [[Battle of Prestonpans]] by the army of [[Charles Edward Stuart]], son of [[James Francis Edward Stuart]], the [[Jacobitism|Jacobite]] claimant to the British throne.', 70 => '', 71 => 'It is sometimes claimed that, ironically, the song was originally sung in support of the Jacobite cause: the word "send" in the line "Send him victorious" could imply that the king was absent. However, the ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'' cites examples of "[God] send (a person) safe, victorious, etc." meaning "God grant that he may be safe, etc.". There are also examples of early 18th-century drinking glasses which are inscribed with a version of the words and were apparently intended for drinking the health of [[James II of England|King James II and VII]].', 72 => '', 73 => 'Scholes acknowledges these possibilities but argues that the same words were probably being used by both Jacobite and Hanoverian supporters and directed at their respective kings.<ref name = "mwtppa">Scholes p.412</ref>', 74 => '', 75 => 'In 1902, the musician [[William Hayman Cummings]], quoting mid-18th century correspondence between [[Charles Burney]] and Sir Joseph Banks, proposed that the words were based on a Latin verse composed for King James II at the [[Chapel Royal]].', 76 => '{{quote|<poem>O Deus optime', 77 => 'Salvum nunc facito', 78 => 'Regem nostrum', 79 => 'Sic laeta victoria', 80 => 'Comes et gloria', 81 => 'Salvum iam facito', 82 => 'Tu dominum.<ref>{{cite book |first=William H. |last=Cummings |author-link=William Hayman Cummings |title=God Save the King: the origin and history of the music and words of the national anthem |publisher=Novello & Co. |location=London |year=1902 }}</ref></poem>}}', 83 => '', 84 => '====Standard version in the United Kingdom====', 85 => '{{quote box', 86 => '| align = right', 87 => '| title = "God Save the Queen"<br />(standard version)', 88 => '| width = 20em|<poem>God save our gracious '''Queen'''!', 89 => 'Long live our noble '''Queen'''!', 90 => 'God save the '''Queen'''!', 91 => 'Send '''her''' victorious,', 92 => 'Happy and glorious,', 93 => 'Long to reign over us:', 94 => 'God save the '''Queen'''!', 95 => '', 96 => 'O Lord our God arise,', 97 => 'Scatter '''her''' enemies,', 98 => 'And make them fall:', 99 => 'Confound their politics,', 100 => 'Frustrate their knavish tricks,', 101 => 'On Thee our hopes we fix:', 102 => 'God save us all.', 103 => '', 104 => 'Thy choicest gifts in store,', 105 => 'On '''her''' be pleased to pour;', 106 => 'Long may '''she''' reign:', 107 => 'May '''she''' defend our laws,', 108 => 'And ever give us cause,', 109 => 'To sing with heart and voice,', 110 => 'God save the '''Queen'''!', 111 => '</poem>', 112 => '', 113 => ':{{small|The middle verse has been commonly omitted since the late 19th century.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.royal.uk/national-anthem|title=National Anthem|date=2016|language=en|access-date=2020-05-31}}</ref>}}', 114 => ':{{small|When the monarch of the time is male, "Queen" is replaced with "King" and all feminine pronouns ('''in bold type''') are replaced with their masculine equivalents.}}', 115 => '}}', 116 => '', 117 => 'There is no definitive version of the lyrics. However, the version consisting of the three verses reproduced in the box on the right hand side has the best claim to be regarded as the "standard" British version, appearing not only in the 1745 ''Gentleman's Magazine'', but also in publications such as ''The Book of English Songs: From the Sixteenth to the Nineteenth Century'' (1851),<ref>{{cite book| last=Mackay| first=Charles| title=The Book of English Songs: From the Sixteenth to the Nineteenth Century|year= 1851| page=203}}</ref> ''National Hymns: How They Are Written and How They Are Not Written'' (1861),<ref>{{cite book| last=White| first=Richard Grant|title=National Hymns: How They are Written and how They are Not Written| publisher=Rudd & Carleton| year=1861| page=42}}</ref> ''Household Book of Poetry'' (1882),<ref>{{cite book| last=Dana|first=Charles Anderson|title=Household Book of Poetry|year=1882| page=384|url=https://archive.org/details/householdbookpo00danagoog|publisher=Freeport, N.Y., Books for Libraries Press}}</ref> and ''Hymns Ancient and Modern, Revised Version'' (1982).<ref>{{cite book| title=Hymns Ancient and Modern, Revised Version| publisher=SCM-Canterbury Press Ltd|year=1982| page=504|isbn=0-907547-06-0}}</ref>', 118 => '', 119 => 'The same version with verse two omitted appears in publications including ''[[Scouting for Boys]]'' (1908),<ref>{{cite book| last=Baden-Powell|first=Robert|title=Scouting for Boys| year=1908| page=341}}</ref> and on the British Monarchy website.<ref name="royal.gov.uk"/> At the Queen's [[Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II|Golden Jubilee]] Party at the Palace concert, [[Charles, Prince of Wales|Prince Charles]] referred in his speech to the "politically incorrect second verse" of the National Anthem.', 120 => '', 121 => 'According to Alan Michie's ''Rule, Britannia'', which was published in 1952, after the death of [[George VI|King George VI]] but before the coronation of [[Elizabeth II|Queen Elizabeth II]], when the first [[United Nations General Assembly|General Assembly of the United Nations]] was held in London in January 1946 the King, in honour of the occasion, "ordered the belligerent imperious second stanza of 'God Save the King' to be rewritten to bring it more into the spirit of the brotherhood of nations."', 122 => '', 123 => 'In the UK, the first verse is typically sung alone, even on official occasions, although the third verse is sometimes sung in addition on certain occasions such as during the opening ceremonies of the [[2012 Summer Olympics]] and [[2012 Summer Paralympics]], and usually at the [[Last Night of the Proms]].', 124 => '', 125 => '====Standard version of the music====', 126 => '[[File:God Save The Queen 2007 St Giles Fair.ogg|thumb|right|alt=Church choir sing at fair. A merry-go-round fills most of the background.|"God Save the Queen" sung by the public at [[St Giles' Fair]], [[Oxford]], 2007]]', 127 => 'The standard version of the melody and its key of G major are still those of the originally published version, although the start of the anthem is often signalled by an introductory timpani roll of two bars length. The bass line of the standard version differs little from the second voice part shown in the original, and there is a standard version in four-part harmony for choirs. The first three lines (six bars of music) are soft, ending with a short ''crescendo'' into "Send her victorious", and then is another ''crescendo'' at "over us:" into the final words "God save the Queen".', 128 => '', 129 => 'In the early part of the 20th century there existed a Military Band version in the higher key of B{{music|flat}},<ref>Official versions published by [[Kneller Hall]] Royal Military School of Music</ref> because it was easier for brass instruments to play in that key, though it had the disadvantage of being more difficult to sing: however now most Bands play it in the correct key of concert F.', 130 => '', 131 => 'Since 1953, the anthem is sometimes preceded by a fanfare composed by [[Gordon Jacob]] for the [[coronation of Queen Elizabeth II]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Jeffrey Richards|title=Imperialism And Music: Britain 1876–1953|publisher=Manchester University Press|year=2002|page=120|isbn=0719045061}}</ref>', 132 => '', 133 => '====Alternative British versions====', 134 => 'There have been several attempts to rewrite the words. In the nineteenth century there was some lively debate about the national anthem as verse two was considered by some to be slightly offensive in its use of the phrase "scatter her enemies." Some thought it placed better emphasis on the respective power of Parliament and the Crown to change "her enemies" to "our enemies"; others questioned the theology and proposed "thine enemies" instead. Sydney G. R. Coles wrote a completely new version, as did Canon F. K. Harford.<ref>Richards p.91</ref>', 135 => '', 136 => '=====William Hickson's alternative version=====', 137 => 'In 1836 [[William Edward Hickson|William Hickson]] wrote an alternative version, of which the first, third, and fourth verses gained some currency when they were appended to the National Anthem in the [[English Hymnal]]. The fourth "Hickson" verse was sung after the traditional first verse at the Queen's Golden Jubilee National Service of Thanksgiving in 2002, and during the raising of the [[Union Flag]] during the [[2008 Summer Olympics closing ceremony]], in which London took the baton from Beijing to host the [[2012 Summer Olympics]].', 138 => '{{quote', 139 => '|<poem>', 140 => 'God bless our native land!', 141 => 'May Heav'n's protecting hand', 142 => 'Still guard our shore:', 143 => 'May peace her power extend,', 144 => 'Foe be transformed to friend,', 145 => 'And Britain's rights depend', 146 => 'On war no more.', 147 => '', 148 => 'O Lord, our monarch bless', 149 => 'With strength and righteousness:', 150 => 'Long may she reign:', 151 => 'Her heart inspire and move', 152 => 'With wisdom from above;', 153 => 'And in a nation's love', 154 => 'Her throne maintain.', 155 => '', 156 => 'May just and righteous laws', 157 => 'Uphold the public cause,', 158 => 'And bless our Isle:', 159 => 'Home of the brave and free,', 160 => 'Thou land of Liberty,', 161 => 'We pray that still on thee', 162 => 'Kind Heav'n may smile.', 163 => '', 164 => 'Not in this land alone,', 165 => 'But be God's mercies known', 166 => 'From shore to shore:', 167 => 'Lord make the nations see', 168 => 'That men should brothers be,', 169 => 'And form one family', 170 => 'The wide world o'er.</poem>', 171 => '}}', 172 => '', 173 => '=====Samuel Reynolds Hole's alternative version=====', 174 => 'To mark the celebration of the [[Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria]], a modified version of the second verse was written by the Dean of Rochester, the Very Reverend [[Samuel Hole|Samuel Reynolds Hole]]. A four-part harmony setting was then made by [[Frederick Bridge]], and published by Novello.', 175 => '', 176 => '{{quote', 177 => '|<poem>', 178 => 'O Lord Our God Arise,', 179 => 'Scatter her enemies,', 180 => 'Make wars to cease;', 181 => 'Keep us from plague and dearth,', 182 => 'Turn thou our woes to mirth;', 183 => 'And over all the earth', 184 => 'Let there be peace.</poem>', 185 => '}}', 186 => '', 187 => 'The ''[[Musical Times]]'' commented: "There are some conservative minds who may regret the banishment of the 'knavish tricks' and aggressive spirit of the discarded verse, but it must be admitted that Dean Hole's lines are more consonant with the sentiment of modern Christianity." Others reactions were more negative, one report describing the setting as "unwarrantable liberties...worthy of the severest reprobation", with "too much of a Peace Society flavour about it...If we go about pleading for peace, other nations will get it into their heads that we are afraid of fighting." Perhaps unsurprisingly, Hole's version failed to replace the existing verse permanently.<ref>A rare performance of Hole's verse was given in the 1956 Edinburgh Festival, by Sir Thomas Beecham and the Edinburgh Festival Chorus; on this occasion the musical setting was by Edward Elgar, with Hole's verse supplanting the traditional second verse Elgar had set.</ref><ref>Jeffrey Richards, "Imperialism and Music: Britain, 1876–1953"</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |jstor = 3367016|title = Extra Supplement: God save the Queen|journal = The Musical Times and Singing Class Circular|volume = 38|issue = 651|pages = 1–4|last1 = Bridge|first1 = J. Frederick|last2 = Hole|first2 = S. Reynolds|year = 1897}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://newspapers.library.wales/view/3582493/3582497 |title = CARMARTHEN .UNDER THE SEARCH-LIGHT.&#124;1897-07-02&#124;The Carmarthen Weekly Reporter – Welsh Newspapers Online – the National Library of Wales}}</ref>', 188 => '', 189 => '=====Official peace version=====', 190 => 'A less militaristic version of the song, titled "Official peace version, 1919", was first published in the [[hymn]] book ''Songs of Praise'' in 1925.<ref>{{cite book|last=Dearmer|first=Percy|author2=Vaughan Williams, Ralph| title=Songs of Praise|publisher=Oxford University Press| year=1925}}</ref> This was "official" in the sense that it was approved by the [[Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council|British Privy Council]] in 1919.<ref name = "mwtppa"/> However, despite being reproduced in some other [[hymn]] books, it is largely unknown today.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.blackcountrybugle.co.uk/forgotten-national-anthem-sung-halesowen-service/story-20123427-detail/story.html |title=Forgotten National Anthem Sung at Halesowen Service |work=Black Country Bugle |date=15 March 2007 |access-date=20 January 2017}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Source describes it as an "unusual and little known version of the national anthem ... taken from the order of service for the blessing of Halesowen's borough charter ... on Sunday, 20 September 1936."</ref>', 191 => '{{quote|<poem>God save our gracious Queen!', 192 => 'Long live our noble Queen!', 193 => 'God save The Queen!', 194 => 'Send her victorious', 195 => 'Happy and glorious', 196 => 'Long to reign over us', 197 => 'God save the Queen!', 198 => '', 199 => 'One realm of races four', 200 => 'Blest more and ever more', 201 => 'God save our land!', 202 => 'Home of the brave and free', 203 => 'Set in the silver sea', 204 => 'True nurse of chivalry', 205 => 'God save our land!', 206 => '', 207 => 'Of many a race and birth', 208 => 'From utmost ends of earth', 209 => 'God save us all!', 210 => 'Bid strife and hatred cease', 211 => 'Bid hope and joy increase', 212 => 'Spread universal peace', 213 => 'God save us all!</poem>', 214 => '|title=|source=}}', 215 => '', 216 => '====Historic Jacobite and anti-Jacobite alternative verses====', 217 => 'Around 1745, anti-[[Jacobitism|Jacobite]] sentiment was captured in a verse appended to the song, with a prayer for the success of [[Field Marshal (United Kingdom)|Field Marshal]] [[George Wade]]'s army then assembling at [[Newcastle upon Tyne|Newcastle]]. These words attained some short-term use, although they did not appear in the published version in the October 1745 ''Gentleman's Magazine''. This verse was first documented as an occasional addition to the original anthem by [[Richard Clark (musician)|Richard Clark]] in 1822,<ref name=clark>{{cite book|last=Clark|first=Richard|title=An Account of the National Anthem Entitled God Save the King!|year=1822|location=London|pages=8–9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Py5DAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA8}}</ref> and was also mentioned in a later article on the song, published by the ''Gentleman's Magazine'' in October 1836. Therein, it is presented as an "additional verse... though being of temporary application only... stored in the memory of an old friend... who was born in the very year 1745, and was thus the associate of those who heard it first sung", the lyrics given being:', 218 => '', 219 => '{{quote|<poem>Lord, grant that Marshal Wade,', 220 => 'May by thy mighty aid,', 221 => 'Victory bring.', 222 => 'May he sedition hush,', 223 => 'and like a torrent rush,', 224 => 'Rebellious Scots to crush,', 225 => 'God save the King.</poem>}}', 226 => '', 227 => 'The 1836 article and other sources make it clear that this verse was not used soon after 1745, and certainly before the song became accepted as the British national anthem in the 1780s and 1790s.<ref>{{cite book| last=Richards|first=Jeffrey|title=Imperialism and Music: Britain 1876 to 1953| publisher=[[Manchester University Press]]| year=2002 | page=90|isbn=0-7190-4506-1}} "A fourth verse was briefly in vogue at the time of the rebellion, but was rapidly abandoned thereafter: God grant that Marshal Wade...etc"</ref><ref>"The history of God Save the King": The Gentleman's Magazine, Vol 6 (new series), 1836, p.373. "There is an additional verse... though being of temporary application only, it was but short-lived...[but]...it was stored in the memory of an old friend of my own... 'Oh! grant that Marshal Wade... etc.'</ref> It was included as an integral part of the song in the ''Oxford Book of Eighteenth-Century Verse'' of 1926, although erroneously referencing the "fourth verse" to the ''Gentleman's Magazine'' article of 1745.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=3835950|title=The Oxford Book of Eighteenth-Century Verse|publisher=|access-date=|archive-date=4 June 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090604055932/http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=3835950|url-status=dead}}{{ISBN?}}</ref>', 228 => '', 229 => 'On the opposing side, Jacobite beliefs were demonstrated in an alternative verse used during the same period:<ref>{{cite book| last=Groom|first=Nick|title=The Union Jack: the Story of the British Flag| publisher=Atlantic Books|year=2006 | pages=Appendix|isbn=1-84354-336-2|no-pp=true}}</ref>', 230 => '', 231 => '{{quote|<poem>God bless the prince, I pray,', 232 => 'God bless the prince, I pray,', 233 => '[[Charles Edward Stuart|Charlie]] I mean;', 234 => 'That Scotland we may see', 235 => 'Freed from vile [[Presbyterianism|Presbyt'ry]],', 236 => 'Both [[George II of Great Britain|George]] and his [[Frederick, Prince of Wales|Feckie]],', 237 => 'Ever so, Amen.</poem>}}', 238 => '', 239 => 'In May 1800, following an attempt to assassinate [[George III of the United Kingdom|King George III]] at London's Drury Lane theatre, playwright [[Richard Brinsley Sheridan|Richard Sheridan]] immediately composed an additional verse, which was sung from the stage the same night:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=1467537&partid=1|title=The horrid assassin Is Hatfield, attempting to shoot the king in Drury Lane Theatre- on the 15th of May, 1800|publisher=British Museum| access-date=10 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| last=Ford|first=Franklin L.|title=Political Murder: From Tyrannicide to Terrorism| publisher=Harvard University Press| year=1985| page=207|isbn=0-674-68636-5}}</ref>', 240 => '', 241 => '{{quote|<poem>From every latent foe', 242 => 'From the assassin's blow', 243 => 'God save the King', 244 => 'O'er him Thine arm extend', 245 => 'For Britain's sake defend', 246 => 'Our father, king, and friend', 247 => 'God save the King!</poem>}}', 248 => '', 249 => 'Various other attempts were made during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to add verses to commemorate particular royal or national events. For example, according to Fitzroy Maclean, when Jacobite forces bypassed Wade's force and reached [[Derby]], but then retreated and when their garrison at [[Carlisle Castle]] surrendered to a second government army led by King George's son, the [[William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland|Duke of Cumberland]], another verse was added.<ref name="fn_1">{{cite book| last=Maclean|first=Fitzroy|title=Bonnie Prince Charlie|publisher=Canongate Books Ltd.|year=1989 | isbn=0-86241-568-3}} Note that the verse he quotes appears to have a line missing.</ref> Other short-lived verses were notably anti-French, such as the following, quoted in the book ''Handel'' by Edward J. Dent:<ref>See:[https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/9089 etext 9089 at Project Gutenberg] and [https://www.fulltextarchive.com/page/Handel2/#p35 p35 at FullTextArchive.com]</ref>', 250 => '{{quote|<poem>From France and Pretender', 251 => 'Great Britain defend her,', 252 => 'Foes let them fall;', 253 => 'From foreign slavery,', 254 => 'Priests and their knavery,', 255 => 'And Popish Reverie,', 256 => 'God save us all.</poem>}}', 257 => '', 258 => 'However, none of these additional verses survived into the twentieth century.<ref>Richards p.90.</ref> Updated "full" versions including additional verses have been published more recently, including the standard three verses, Hickson's fourth verse, [[Sheridan's]] verse and the [[Marshal Wade]] verse.<ref>{{cite news|title=God Save the Queen – lyrics|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/theroyalfamily/1571287/God-Save-the-Queen-lyrics.html|newspaper=The Telegraph|access-date=9 August 2012|location=London|date=3 June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Should Welsh Olympics 2012 stars sing God Save the Queen anthem?|url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/need-to-read/2012/07/27/should-welsh-olympics-2012-stars-sing-god-save-the-queen-91466-31487133/|publisher=Wales Online|access-date=9 August 2012|date=27 July 2012}}</ref>', 259 => '', 260 => '====Historic republican alternative====', 261 => 'A version from 1794 composed by the American republican and French citizen [[Joel Barlow]]<ref>[https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/8410734 A song. Tune-"God save the guillotine"]{{Dead link|date=November 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, stanford.edu catalogue</ref> celebrated the power of the [[guillotine]] to liberate:<ref name="poetrywars">{{cite book|last1=Wells|first1=C|title=Poetry Wars: Verse and Politics in the American Revolution and Early Republic|date=2017|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press, Incorporated|isbn=9780812249651|pages=138–139|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rmI3DwAAQBAJ}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=God Save the Guillotine (пародия на God Save the King, текст)]|url=https://18century-ru.livejournal.com/1777.html|date=16 May 2004}}</ref>', 262 => '', 263 => '{{quote|<poem>God save the Guillotine', 264 => 'Till England's King and Queen', 265 => ':Her power shall prove:', 266 => 'Till each appointed knob', 267 => 'Affords a clipping job', 268 => 'Let no vile halter rob', 269 => ':''The Guillotine''', 270 => '', 271 => 'France, let thy trumpet sound –', 272 => 'Tell all the world around', 273 => 'How [[House of Capet|Capet]] fell;', 274 => 'And when great [[George III of the United Kingdom|George]]'s poll', 275 => 'Shall in the basket roll,', 276 => 'Let mercy then control', 277 => ':''The Guillotine''', 278 => '', 279 => 'When all the sceptre'd crew', 280 => 'Have paid their Homage, due', 281 => ':''The Guillotine''', 282 => 'Let Freedom's flag advance', 283 => 'Till all the world, like France', 284 => 'O'er tyrants' graves shall dance', 285 => ':And peace begin.</poem>}}', 286 => '', 287 => '===Performance in the UK===', 288 => 'The style most commonly heard in official performances was proposed as the "proper interpretation" by King [[George V]], who considered himself something of an expert (in view of the number of times he had heard it). An Army Order was duly issued in 1933, which laid down regulations for tempo, dynamics and orchestration. This included instructions such as that the opening "six bars will be played quietly by the reed band with horns and basses in a single phrase. Cornets and side-drum are to be added at the little scale-passage leading into the second half of the tune, and the full brass enters for the last eight bars". The official tempo for the opening section is a metronome setting of 60, with the second part played in a broader manner, at a metronome setting of 52.<ref name="fn_2">Percy A Scholes: ''Oxford Companion to Music, Tenth Edition'', Oxford University Press</ref> In recent years the prescribed sombre-paced introduction is often played at a faster and livelier [[tempo]].', 289 => '', 290 => 'Until the latter part of the 20th century, theatre and concert goers were expected to stand while the anthem was played after the conclusion of a show. In cinemas this brought a tendency for audiences to rush out while the end credits played to avoid this formality. (This can be seen in the 1972 ''[[Dad's Army]]'' episode "[[A Soldier's Farewell]]".)', 291 => '', 292 => 'The anthem continues to be played at some traditional events such as [[The Championships, Wimbledon|Wimbledon]], [[Royal Variety Performance]], the [[Edinburgh Tattoo]], [[Royal Ascot]], [[Henley Royal Regatta]] and [[The Proms]] as well as at Royal events.', 293 => '', 294 => 'The anthem was traditionally played at close-down on the [[BBC]], and with the introduction of commercial television to the UK this practice was adopted by some [[ITV (TV channel)|ITV]] companies (with the notable exceptions of [[Granada Television|Granada]], [[Thames Television]], [[ITV Central|Central Television]], [[ITV Border|Border Television]], and [[ITV Yorkshire|Yorkshire Television]]). [[BBC Two]] also never played the anthem at close-down, and ITV dropped the practice in the late 1980s, but it continued on [[BBC One]] until 8 November 1997 (thereafter BBC One began to [[simulcast]] with [[BBC News]] after end of programmes). <!--The national anthem may be brought back for the [[digital television in the United Kingdom|analogue shutoff in 2012]].--> The tradition is carried on, however, by [[BBC Radio 4]], which plays the anthem each night as a transition piece between the end of the Radio 4 broadcasting and the move to [[BBC World Service]].<ref name="Guardian on Radio 4">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/mediamonkeyblog/2010/mar/17/radio-4-national-anthem |title=Radio 4 keeps flying the flag| newspaper=The Guardian| date=17 March 2010| access-date=9 March 2013| location=London}}</ref> BBC Radio 4 and [[BBC Radio 2]] also play the National Anthem just before the 0700 and 0800 news bulletins on the actual and [[Queen's Official Birthday|official]] birthdays of the Queen and the birthdays of senior members of the [[Royal Family]].', 295 => '', 296 => 'The UK's national anthem usually prefaces [[Royal Christmas Message|The Queen's Christmas Message]] (although in 2007 it appeared at the end, taken from a recording of the 1957 television broadcast), and important royal announcements, such as of royal deaths, when it is played in a slower, sombre arrangement.', 297 => '', 298 => '====Performance in Lancashire====', 299 => '{{Main|Long live our noble Duke }}', 300 => '', 301 => '===Other British anthems===', 302 => 'Frequently, when an anthem is needed for one of the constituent [[countries of the United Kingdom]]{{spaced ndash}} at an international sporting event, for instance{{spaced ndash}} an alternative song is used:', 303 => '<!--', 304 => '', 305 => 'NOTE ON GRAMMAR:', 306 => 'Standard British English usage is to refer to sports teams in the plural form, unlike in American English (as in "Manchester United are sitting at the top of the Premier League" not "Manchester United is..."). The same applies to national teams: "England are playing well".', 307 => '', 308 => ' -->', 309 => '* England generally uses "God Save the Queen", but "[[And did those feet in ancient time|Jerusalem]]", "[[Rule, Britannia!]]" and "[[Land of Hope and Glory]]" have also been used.<ref>{{Cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/20/theater/20time.html?ref=arts| work=The New York Times| title=Time, and the Green and Pleasant Land| first=Ben| last=Brantley| date=20 July 2009| access-date=23 April 2010}}</ref><ref>[http://www.britannia.com/history/rulebrit.html Britannia History – Rule Britannia!] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101213064136/http://britannia.com/history/rulebrit.html |date=13 December 2010 }} Retrieved 26 February 2011</ref>', 310 => '** At international [[test cricket]] matches, [[England cricket team|England]] has, since 2004, used "Jerusalem" as the anthem.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/england/4217144.stm Sing Jerusalem for England!] ''[[BBC Sport]]'' Retrieved 26 February 2011</ref>', 311 => '** At international [[rugby league]] matches, [[England national rugby league team|England]] uses "God Save the Queen" and also "Jerusalem".<ref>[http://www.icons.org.uk/theicons/collection/jerusalem/biography/sir-hubert-parry Hubert Parry: The Composer – Icons of England] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809003129/http://www.icons.org.uk/theicons/collection/jerusalem/biography/sir-hubert-parry |date=9 August 2011 }} Retrieved 26 February 2011</ref>', 312 => '** At international [[rugby union]] and [[association football|football]] matches, England uses "God Save the Queen".<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/front_page/4857268.stm Home nations fans 'back England'] ''BBC Sport'' Retrieved 26 February 2011</ref>', 313 => '** At the [[Commonwealth Games]], [[Commonwealth Games England|Team England]] uses "Jerusalem" as their victory anthem.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/commonwealth_games/delhi_2010/9064469.stm Commonwealth Games 2010: England stars discuss Jerusalem] ''BBC Sport'' Retrieved 26 February 2011</ref>', 314 => '* Scotland uses "[[Flower of Scotland]]" as their anthem for most sporting occasions.<ref>[http://www.heraldscotland.com/sport/spl/aberdeen/flower-of-scotland-1.568214 Flower of Scotland] ''The Herald'' (13 July 1990) Retrieved 26 February 2011 {{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>', 315 => '* Wales uses "[[Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau]]" ("Land of My Fathers") for governmental ceremonies and sporting occasions. At official occasions, especially those with royal connections, "God Save the Queen" is also played.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120118201956/http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/sport/andyhooper/8745727/Land_of_My_Fathers_v_La_Marseillaise_Clash_of_rugbys_greatest_anthems/ Land of My Fathers v La Marseillaise: Clash of rugby's greatest anthems] ''The Daily Telegraph'' Retrieved 26 February 2011</ref>', 316 => '* Northern Ireland uses "God Save the Queen" as its national anthem. However, many [[Irish nationalism|Irish nationalists]] feel unrepresented by the British anthem and seek an alternative.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/poll-should-god-save-the-queen-be-dropped-for-northern-ireland-sports-events-and-what-could-replace-it-34364464.html|title=Poll: Should God Save the Queen be dropped for Northern Ireland sports events – and what could replace it? – BelfastTelegraph.co.uk|newspaper=BelfastTelegraph.co.uk|access-date=23 May 2016}}</ref> Northern Ireland also uses the "[[Londonderry Air]]" as its victory anthem at the [[Commonwealth Games]].<ref>Tara Magdalinski, Timothy Chandler (2002) [https://books.google.com/books?id=R7irTNe2UlMC&pg=PA24&dq=londonderry%20air%20commonwealth%20games&hl=en&ei=XnBpTeaULcq3hQenz7mzCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=londonderry%20air%20commonwealth%20games&f=false With God on Their Side: Sport in the Service of Religion] p.24. Routledge, 2002</ref> When sung, the "Londonderry Air" has the lyrics to "[[Danny Boy]]". At international [[rugby union]] matches, where Northern Irish players compete alongside those from the Ireland as part of an [[All-Ireland]] team, "[[Ireland's Call]]" is used. ', 317 => '* The [[British and Irish Lions]] rugby union tour of 2005 used the song "[[The Power of Four]]", but this experiment has not been repeated.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/international/4572933.stm Sing when you're winning] ''BBC Sport'' Retrieved 26 February 2011</ref>', 318 => '', 319 => 'In April 2007 there was an [[early day motion]], number 1319, to the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom|British Parliament]] to propose that there should be a separate England anthem: "That this House ... believes that all English sporting associations should adopt an appropriate song that English sportsmen and women, and the English public, would favour when competing as England". An amendment (EDM 1319A3) was proposed by [[Evan Harris]] that the song "should have a bit more oomph than ''God Save The Queen'' and should also not involve God."<ref>{{cite web| url=http://edmi.parliament.uk/EDMi/EDMDetails.aspx?EDMID=33094&SESSION=885| title=Parliamentary Information Management Services. Early day Motion 1319| publisher=Edmi.parliament.uk| access-date=12 February 2014| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181031005247/http://edmi.parliament.uk/EDMi/EDMDetails.aspx?EDMID=33094&SESSION=885| archive-date=31 October 2018| url-status=dead}}</ref>', 320 => '', 321 => 'For more information see also:', 322 => '* [[National anthem of England]]', 323 => '* [[National anthem of Scotland]]', 324 => '* [[Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau]]', 325 => '* [[National anthem of Northern Ireland]]', 326 => '', 327 => '==Use in other Commonwealth countries==', 328 => '"God Save the King/Queen" was exported around the world via the expansion of the [[British Empire]], serving as each country's national anthem. Throughout the [[Commonwealth of Nations#History|Empire's evolution]] into the [[Commonwealth of Nations]], the song declined in use in most states which became independent. In New Zealand, it remains one of the official national anthems.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.archives.govt.nz/exhibitions/currentexhibitions/makingourmark/index.php?page=anthem&image=25 |title=Letter from Buckingham Palace to the Governor-General of New Zealand |access-date=3 April 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927004152/http://www.archives.govt.nz/exhibitions/currentexhibitions/makingourmark/index.php?page=anthem&image=25 |archive-date=27 September 2007 |url-status=dead}} – Royal assent that the two songs should have equal status</ref>', 329 => '', 330 => '===Australia===', 331 => '{{Further|Australian royal symbols#Verbal and musical symbols}}', 332 => 'In Australia, the song has standing through a Royal Proclamation issued by Governor-General [[Ninian Stephen|Sir Ninian Stephen]] on 19 April 1984.<ref>''Commonwealth of Australia Gazette''; No. S 142; 19 April 1984</ref> It declared "God Save the Queen" to be the Royal Anthem and that it is to be played when the Australian monarch or a member of the Royal Family is present, though not exclusively in such circumstances. The same proclamation made "[[Advance Australia Fair]]" the national anthem and the basis for the "Vice-Regal Salute" (the first four and last two bars of the anthem). Prior to 1984, "God Save the Queen" was the national anthem of Australia.<ref>{{cite web|title=National Anthem|url=http://dfat.gov.au/about-australia/land-its-people/Pages/australias-national-symbols.aspx|publisher=Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade|access-date=24 July 2013}}</ref> In 1975 former Prime Minister [[Gough Whitlam]], dismissed by [[Governor-General of Australia|Governor-General]] [[John Kerr (governor-general)|Sir John Kerr]], alluded to the anthem in his comment "Well may we say 'God save the Queen', because nothing will save the Governor-General!".<ref>{{cite book |last=Kelly |first=Paul |author-link=Paul Kelly (journalist) |year=1995 |title=November 1975: the inside story of Australia's greatest political crisis |publisher=Allen & Unwin St |location=St Leonards, NSW |isbn=978-1-86373-987-0 |page=275 }}</ref>', 333 => '', 334 => '===Canada===', 335 => '{{Further|Canadian royal symbols#Verbal and musical symbols|Anthems and nationalistic songs of Canada}}', 336 => 'By [[Convention (norm)|convention]],<ref name=DCH>{{cite web| url=http://www.pch.gc.ca/pgm/ceem-cced/symbl/godsave-eng.cfm| last=Department of Canadian Heritage| author-link=Department of Canadian Heritage| title=Ceremonial and Canadian Symbols Promotion > Royal anthem "God Save the Queen"| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| access-date=25 June 2010| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100504164202/http://www.pch.gc.ca/pgm/ceem-cced/symbl/godsave-eng.cfm| archive-date=4 May 2010| url-status=dead}}</ref> "God Save the Queen" ({{lang-fr|link=no|Dieu Sauve la Reine}}, ''Dieu Sauve le Roi'' when a King) is the Royal Anthem of Canada.<ref>{{Harvnb| MacLeod| 2008| pp=54, I}}</ref><ref name=CE>{{Citation|last=Kallmann| first=Helmut| contribution=The Canadian Encyclopedia| title=Encyclopedia of Music in Canada > Musical Genres > National and royal anthems| editor-last=Marsh| editor-first=James Harley| place=Toronto| publisher=Historica Foundation of Canada| url=http://thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=U1ARTU0002533| access-date=25 June 2010| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111010193142/http://thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=U1ARTU0002533 | archive-date=10 October 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://lt.gov.ns.ca/en/royal-salute.aspx| last=Office of the Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia| author-link=Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia| title=History of the Lieutenant Governor > Royal Salute > Royal Salute (Formerly known as the Vice-Regal Salute)| publisher=Queen's Printer for Nova Scotia| access-date=25 June 2010| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100430134828/http://lt.gov.ns.ca/en/royal-salute.aspx| archive-date=30 April 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Citation| contribution=Encyclopædia Britannica| title=O Canada| editor-last=Hoiberg| editor-first=Dale| place=Toronto| publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.| url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/423313/O-Canada| access-date=25 June 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book| last=Citizenship and Immigration Canada| author-link=Citizenship and Immigration Canada| title=Discover Canada| place=Ottawa| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| year=2009| page=2| url=http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/pdf/pub/discover.pdf| isbn=978-1-100-12739-2| access-date=16 January 2011}}</ref> It is sometimes played or sung together with the [[national anthem]], "[[O Canada]]", at private and public events organised by groups such as the [[Government of Canada]], the [[Royal Canadian Legion]], police services, and loyal groups.<ref>{{citation| title=Alberta Police and Peace Officers' Memorial Day 2009 Order of Service| publisher=Queen's Printer for Alberta| date=27 September 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.pch.gc.ca/pgm/ceem-cced/symbl/df1-eng.cfm| last=Department of Canadian Heritage| author-link=Department of Canadian Heritage| title=Ceremonial and Canadian Symbols Promotion > The National Flag of Canada| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| access-date=5 July 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legion.ca/Home/Remday_e.cfm| last=Royal Canadian Legion Dominion Command| title=National Remembrance Day Ceremony| date=4 November 2009| publisher=Royal Canadian Legion| access-date=5 July 2010| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100312022146/http://legion.ca/Home/Remday_e.cfm | archive-date=12 March 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.vac-acc.gc.ca/remembers/sub.cfm?source=partner/2009-1/nova-scotia| archive-url=https://archive.today/20130419054436/http://www.vac-acc.gc.ca/remembers/sub.cfm?source=partner/2009-1/nova-scotia| url-status=dead| archive-date=19 April 2013| last=Department of Veterans Affairs| author-link=Veterans Affairs Canada| title=Canada Remembers > Partnering Opportunities > Community Engagement Partnership Fund > Nova Scotia > Community Engagement Partnership Fund: Nova Scotia| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| access-date=5 July 2010}}</ref><ref>{{citation| url=http://www.bccns.com/assets/pdfs/william_hall_stamp.pdf| title=Remembrance Day| date=11 November 2009| publisher=Vancouver Board of Parks and Recreation| access-date=5 July 2010| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707215802/http://www.bccns.com/assets/pdfs/william_hall_stamp.pdf| archive-date=7 July 2011}}</ref> The governor general and provincial lieutenant governors are accorded the "Viceregal Salute", comprising the first three lines of "God Save the Queen", followed by the first and last lines of "O Canada".<ref>{{cite web| url=http://canada.pch.gc.ca/eng/1452187404946| title=Honours and Salutes| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| access-date=4 March 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305120159/http://canada.pch.gc.ca/eng/1452187404946| archive-date=5 March 2017| url-status=dead}}</ref>', 337 => '', 338 => '"God Save the Queen" has been sung in Canada since the late 1700s and by the mid 20th century was, along with "O Canada", one of the country's two ''de facto'' national anthems, the first and last verses of the standard British version being used.<ref name=QHE>{{Cite book| last=Bélanger| first=Claude| contribution=The Quebec History Encyclopedia| title=National Anthem of Canada| editor-last=Marianopolis College| place=Montreal| publisher=Marianopolis College| url=http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebechistory/encyclopedia/Anthem.htm| access-date=5 July 2010}}</ref> By-laws and practices governing the use of either song during public events in municipalities varied; in Toronto, "God Save the Queen" was employed, while in [[Montreal]] it was "O Canada". Prime Minister [[Lester B. Pearson]] in 1964 said one song would have to be chosen as the country's national anthem and, three years later, he advised [[Governor General of Canada|Governor General]] [[Georges Vanier]] to appoint the Special Joint Committee of the [[Senate of Canada|Senate]] and [[House of Commons of Canada|House of Commons]] on the National and Royal Anthems. Within two months, on 12 April 1967, the committee presented its conclusion that "God Save the Queen", whose music and lyrics were found to be in the [[public domain]],<ref name=DCHOCanada>{{cite web| url=http://www.pch.gc.ca/pgm/ceem-cced/symbl/anthem-eng.cfm| last=Department of Canadian Heritage| author-link=Department of Canadian Heritage| title=National Anthem: O Canada > Parliamentary Action| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| access-date=29 June 2010}}</ref> should be designated as the Royal Anthem of Canada and "O Canada" as the national anthem, one verse from each, in [[Official bilingualism in Canada|both official languages]], to be adopted by parliament. The group was then charged with establishing official lyrics for each song; for "God Save the Queen", the English words were those inherited from the United Kingdom and the French words were taken from those that had been adopted in 1952 for the [[coronation of Elizabeth II]].<ref name=CE /> When the bill pronouncing "O Canada" as the national anthem was put through parliament, the joint committee's earlier recommendations regarding "God Save the Queen" were not included.<ref name=DCHOCanada />', 339 => '', 340 => 'The [[Department of National Defence (Canada)|Department of National Defence]] and the [[Canadian Forces]] regulates that "God Save the Queen" be played as a salute to [[Monarchy of Canada|the monarch]] and other members of the [[Monarchy of Canada#Canadian Royal Family|Canadian Royal Family]],<ref name=DND>{{Citation|last=Department of National Defence |author-link=Department of National Defence (Canada) |title=The Honours, Flags and Heritage Structure of the Canadian Forces |page=503 |place=Ottawa |publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada |date=1 April 1999 |url=http://www.saskd.ca/heritage.pdf |id=A-AD-200-000/AG-000 |access-date=30 October 2009 |ref=CITEREF_Department_of_National_Defence_1999 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325162006/http://www.saskd.ca/heritage.pdf |archive-date=25 March 2009}}</ref> though it may also be used as a hymn, or prayer. The words are not to be sung when the song is played as a military royal salute and is abbreviated to the first three lines while arms are being presented.<ref name=DND /> [[Elizabeth II]] stipulated that the arrangement in G major by Lieutenant Colonel Basil H. Brown be used in Canada. The authorised version to be played by [[pipe band]]s is ''Mallorca''.<ref name=DND />', 341 => '', 342 => '====Lyrics in Canada====', 343 => 'The first verse of "God Save the Queen" has been translated into French,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pch.gc.ca/fra/1287080671090/1297281960931 |title=Hymne royal " Dieu protège la Reine " at Government of Canada website |language=fr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615011748/http://www.pch.gc.ca/fra/1287080671090/1297281960931 |archive-date=15 June 2011 |access-date=26 January 2012}}</ref> as shown below:', 344 => ': Dieu protège la reine', 345 => ': De sa main souveraine !', 346 => ': Vive la reine !', 347 => ': Qu'un règne glorieux', 348 => ': Long et victorieux,', 349 => ': Rende son peuple heureux.', 350 => ': Vive la reine !', 351 => '', 352 => 'There is a special Canadian verse in English which was once commonly sung in addition to the two standing verses:<ref name=QHE />', 353 => ': Our loved Dominion bless', 354 => ': With peace and happiness', 355 => ': From shore to shore;', 356 => ': And let our Empire be', 357 => ': Loyal, united, free,', 358 => ': True to herself and Thee', 359 => ': For evermore.', 360 => '', 361 => '===Channel Islands===', 362 => '"God Save the Queen" is used by both Bailiwicks of the [[Channel Islands]] as an alternative to their respective national anthems. Its use case and popular version is generally similar to how it is used in the United Kingdom. However, the anthem has been translated in [[Jèrriais]]:<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lempière|first=Raoul|title=Customs, Ceremonies and Traditions of the Channel Islands|publisher=Robert Hale|year=1976|isbn=0-7091-5731-2|location=Great Britain}}</ref>{{Rp|35}}', 363 => '', 364 => ':Dgieu sauve not' Duchêss,', 365 => ': Longue vie à not' Duchêss,', 366 => ': Dgieu sauve la Reine!', 367 => ': Rends-la victorieuse', 368 => ': Jouaiyeuse et glorieuse;', 369 => ': Qu'on règne sus nous heûtheuse -', 370 => ': Dgieu sauve la Reine!', 371 => '', 372 => ':Tes dons les pus précieux,', 373 => ': Sus yi vèrse des cieux,', 374 => ': Dgieu sauve la Reine!', 375 => ': Qu'on défende nous louais', 376 => ': Et d'un tchoeu et d'eune vouaix', 377 => ': Jé chantons à janmais', 378 => ': Dgieu sauve la Reine!', 379 => '', 380 => 'The meaning is broadly similar to the first paragraph of the English version, except for the first two lines which say "God save our Duchess" and "Long live our Duchess". ', 381 => '', 382 => '===New Zealand===', 383 => '{{further|National anthems of New Zealand}}', 384 => '"God Save the Queen" was the sole official national anthem until 1977 when "[[God Defend New Zealand]]" was added as a second. "God Save the Queen" is now most often only played when the sovereign, [[Governor-General of New Zealand|governor-general]]<ref name=cryer>{{cite web|url=http://www.exislepublishing.com.au/Hear_Our_Voices-_We_Entreat.html|publisher=Exisle Publishing|author=Max Cryer|title=Hear Our Voices, We Entreat—''The Extraordinary Story of New Zealand's National Anthems''|access-date=17 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425123743/http://www.exislepublishing.com.au/Hear_Our_Voices-_We_Entreat.html|archive-date=25 April 2013|url-status=dead|author-link=Max Cryer}}</ref> or other member of the Royal Family is present, or on some occasions such as [[Anzac Day]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mch.govt.nz/anthem/index.html| title=New Zealand's National Anthems| publisher=Ministry for Culture and Heritage| access-date=17 February 2008}}</ref><ref name=AnthemProtocol>{{cite web|url=http://www.mch.govt.nz/anthem/proto-cols.html| title=Protocol for using New Zealand's National Anthems| publisher=Ministry for Culture and Heritage| access-date=17 February 2008}}</ref> The [[Māori language|Māori-language]] version was written by [[Edward Marsh Williams]] under the title, "E te atua tohungia te kuini".<ref name="te reo">{{cite encyclopedia |last1=Derby |first1=Mark |title='God save the Queen' in te reo Māori |url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/music/45243/god-save-the-queen-in-te-reo-maori |encyclopedia=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]] |access-date=1 February 2019 |date=22 October 2014}}</ref>', 385 => '', 386 => 'There is a special New Zealand verse in English which was once commonly sung to replace the second and third verses:<ref name=history-god-save-queen>{{cite web|url=https://mch.govt.nz/nz-identity-heritage/national-anthems/history-god-save-queen| title=History of God Save the Queen| publisher=Ministry for Culture and Heritage| access-date=29 December 2018}}</ref>', 387 => ': Not on this land alone', 388 => ': But be God's mercies known', 389 => ': From shore to shore.', 390 => ': Lord, make the nations see', 391 => ': That we in liberty', 392 => ': Should form one family', 393 => ': The wide world o'er.', 394 => '', 395 => '====Lyrics in Māori====', 396 => 'All verses of "God Save the Queen" have been translated into Māori.<ref name="te reo"/> The first verse is shown below:', 397 => ':Me tohu e t'Atua', 398 => ':To matou Kuini pai:', 399 => ':Kia ora ia', 400 => ':Meinga kia maia ia,', 401 => ':Kia hari nui, kia koa,', 402 => ':Kia kuini tonu ia,', 403 => ':Tau tini noa.', 404 => '', 405 => '===Rhodesia===', 406 => 'When [[Rhodesia]] issued its [[Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence|Unilateral Declaration of Independence]] from the UK on 11 November 1965, it did so while still maintaining loyalty to Queen Elizabeth II as the Rhodesian head of state, despite the non-recognition of the Rhodesian government by the United Kingdom and the United Nations;<ref>{{cite book| title=A matter of weeks rather than months: The Impasse between Harold Wilson and Ian Smith: Sanctions, Aborted Settlements and War 1965–1969| last=Wood| first=J. R. T.|date=April 2008| location=Victoria, British Columbia| publisher=Trafford Publishing| isbn= 978-1-4251-4807-2| pages=1–8}}</ref> "God Save the Queen" therefore remained the Rhodesian national anthem. This was supposed to demonstrate the continued allegiance of the Rhodesian people to the monarch, but the retention in Rhodesia of a song so associated with the UK while the two countries were at loggerheads regarding its constitutional status caused Rhodesian state occasions to have "a faintly ironic tone", in the words of ''[[The Times]]''. Nevertheless, "God Save the Queen" remained Rhodesia's national anthem until March 1970, when the country formally declared itself a republic.<ref name=buch243>{{cite book| title=Beethoven's Ninth: A Political History| last=Buch| first=Esteban| others=Trans. Miller, Richard| publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]]| location=Chicago, Illinois|date=May 2004| orig-year=1999| isbn=978-0-226-07824-3| page=243}}</ref> "[[Rise, O Voices of Rhodesia]]" was adopted in its stead in 1974 and remained in use until the country returned to the UK's control in December 1979.<ref>{{cite book| title=Beethoven's Ninth: A Political History| last=Buch| first=Esteban| others=Trans. Miller, Richard| publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]]| location=Chicago, Illinois|date=May 2004| orig-year=1999| isbn=978-0-226-07824-3| page=247}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Pioneers, settlers, aliens, exiles: the decolonisation of white identity in Zimbabwe|last=Fisher|first=J. L.|publisher=[[Australian National University|ANU E Press]]|location=Canberra|year=2010|isbn=978-1-921666-14-8|page=60}}</ref> Since the internationally recognised independence of the Republic of [[Zimbabwe]] in April 1980, "God Save the Queen" has had no official status there.<ref>{{cite news| title=Zimbabwe athlete sings own anthem| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3906619.stm| publisher=BBC| location=London| date=19 July 2004| access-date=18 February 2012}}</ref>', 407 => '', 408 => '===South Africa===', 409 => '"God Save the Queen" ({{lang-af|God Red die Koningin}}, ''God Red die Koning'' when a King) was a co-national anthem of [[Union of South Africa|South Africa]] from 1938 until 1957,<ref name=DieStem>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1938/06/03/archives/south-africa-will-play-two-anthems-hereafter.html|title=South Africa Will Play Two Anthems Hereafter|date=3 June 1938|work=The New York Times|location=New York|access-date=31 October 2018|page=10}}</ref> when it was formally replaced by "[[Die Stem van Suid-Afrika]]" as the sole national anthem.<ref name=DieStem/> The latter served as a sort of ''de facto'' co-national anthem alongside the former until 1938.<ref name=DieStem/>', 410 => '', 411 => '==Use elsewhere==', 412 => '', 413 => 'The melody is still used for the national anthem of Liechtenstein, and was used by Switzerland for its own anthem until 1961.', 414 => '', 415 => 'In the 19th Century it was also used by the German states of Prussia, Saxony and Bavaria, and was adopted as anthem of the German Empire from 1871 to 1918.', 416 => '', 417 => '[[Bevare Gud vår kung]], the unofficial Swedish royal and national anthem from 1805 to 1844, used the same melody.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sweden (royal anthem) – nationalanthems.info|url=http://www.nationalanthems.info/se%5E.htm|access-date=2021-03-17|website=www.nationalanthems.info}}</ref>{{Better source needed|date=March 2021}}', 418 => '', 419 => 'The national anthem of [[Russian Empire|Imperial Russia]] from 1816 to 1833 was ''[[Molitva russkikh]]'' ("The Prayer of Russians"), which used the melody of "God Save the King" and lyrics by [[Vasily Zhukovsky]].<ref>[http://www.hymn.ru/index-en.html "Russian Anthems museum"] {{webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20101002054755/http://www.hymn.ru//index-en.html |date=2 October 2010 }}</ref>', 420 => '', 421 => '[[Kingdom of Greece|Greece]] adopted the melody as its national anthem during the autocratic rule of [[Otto of Greece|Otto]] (r. 1832–1862).<ref>{{Cite web|year=1934|title=Ελλάς (Σημαίαι-Εμβλήματα-Εθιμοτυπία)|trans-title=Greece (Flags-Emblems-Etiquette)|url=http://anemi.lib.uoc.gr/php/pdf_pager.php?rec=/metadata/a/f/b/metadata-01-0002588.tkl&do=279838_10.pdf&pageno=264&pagestart=1&width=662&height=963&maxpage=1104&lang=en|access-date=31 August 2018|website=www.anemi.lib.uoc.gr|publisher=Pyrsos Publishing|location=Athens|page=244|language=el|quote=Since the arrival of [[Otto of Greece|Otto]] to Greece, the [[Heil dir im Siegerkranz|German national anthem]] was formalised in Greece, which is an imitation of the British one. On the melody of "God Save the King" the following Greek lyrics were adapted: God Save our King, Otto the First / Lengthen, Strengthen his Reign / God Save our King.}}</ref>', 422 => '', 423 => 'Iceland's de facto national anthem in the 19th century was ''[[Íslands minni]]'' ("To Iceland", better known as ''Eldgamla Ísafold''), a poem by [[Bjarni Thorarensen]] set to the melody of "God Save the King".<ref>{{cite book| author=Daisy (ed.)| title=A history of Icelandic literature| publisher=University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln| year=2006| pages=262, 518}}</ref>', 424 => '', 425 => '"God Save the King" was used as the national anthem of the [[Kingdom of Hawaii]] before 1860 [[E Ola Ke Alii Ke Akua]], from 1860 to 1886 the national anthem of Hawaii, was set to the same melody. The Hawaiian anthem [[Hawaiʻi Ponoʻī]] composed by the Prussian [[Kapellmeister]] [[Henri Berger]] is a variation of the melody.<ref>''The melody was based on the Prussian hymn originally titled "Heil Dir Im Siegerkranz".'' {{cite web | title=Hawaiʻi ponoʻī | url=http://www.huapala.org/Hawaii/Hawaii_Ponoi.html | access-date=2 June 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117070257/http://www.huapala.org/Hawaii/Hawaii_Ponoi.html | archive-date=17 January 2018}}</ref>', 426 => '', 427 => 'The UK's anthem has also been used by [[2019–20 Hong Kong protests|Hong Kong protesters]] demonstrating outside the British consulate-general to plead for British intervention to help their cause.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20190915-hong-kong-protesters-sing-god-save-queen-call-uk-support|title = Hong Kong protesters sing 'God Save the Queen', call for UK support|date = 15 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/hong-kong-protesters-sing-god-save-the-queen/a-50436803|title = Hong Kong protesters sing 'God Save the Queen' &#124; DW &#124; 15.09.2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/hong-kong-protests-violence-china-carrie-lam-god-save-the-queen-union-jack-a9106611.html|title = Hong Kong protesters sing God Save the Queen as violence erupts again|date = 15 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-asia-49705987/hong-kong-protesters-sing-god-save-the-queen|title = Hong Kong protesters sing God Save the Queen|work = BBC News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/hong-kong-protesters-god-save-the-queen-outside-british-consulate-2019-9|title = Hong Kong protesters sang the British National Anthem in front of the British consulate, calling on the country step in and help them stand up to China}}</ref>', 428 => '', 429 => '==Musical adaptations==', 430 => '===Composers===', 431 => '{{create list|section|date=July 2021}}', 432 => '', 433 => 'About 140 composers have used the tune in their compositions.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ciara.Berry|date=2016-01-15|title=National Anthem|url=https://www.royal.uk/national-anthem|access-date=2021-01-27|website=The Royal Family|language=en}}</ref>', 434 => '', 435 => '[[Ludwig van Beethoven]] composed a set of seven piano variations in the key of C major to the theme of "God Save the King", catalogued as [[WoO]].78 (1802–1803). He also quotes it in his orchestral work ''[[Wellington's Victory]]''.', 436 => '', 437 => '[[Muzio Clementi]] used the theme to "God Save the King" in his ''[[Symphony]] No. 3 in G major'', often called the "Great National Symphony", catalogued as [[WoO]]. 34. Clementi paid a high tribute to his adopted homeland (the United Kingdom) where he grew up and stayed most of his lifetime. He based the Symphony (about 1816–1824) on "God Save the King", which is hinted at earlier in the work, not least in the second movement, and announced by the trombones in the finale.', 438 => '', 439 => '[[Johann Christian Bach]] composed a set of variations on "God Save the King" for the finale to his sixth keyboard concerto (Op. 1) written c. 1763.', 440 => '', 441 => '[[Joseph Haydn]] was impressed by the use of "God Save the King" as a national anthem during his visit to London in 1794, and on his return to Austria composed "[[Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser]]" ("God Save Emperor Francis") for the birthday of the last [[Holy Roman Emperor]] and [[King of the Romans|Roman-German King]], [[Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor|Francis II]]. It became the anthem of the [[Austrian Empire]] after the end of the [[Holy Roman Empire]] with revised lyrics, its tune ultimately being used for the [[German national anthem]]. The tune of "God Save the King" was adopted for the Prussian royal anthem "[[Heil Dir im Siegerkranz]]".', 442 => '', 443 => '[[Franz Liszt]] wrote a piano paraphrase on the anthem (S.259 in the official catalogue, c. 1841).', 444 => '', 445 => '[[Johann Strauss I]] quoted "God Save the Queen" in full at the end of his [[waltz]] ''Huldigung der Königin Victoria von Grossbritannien'' (Homage to Queen Victoria of Great Britain) Op. 103, where he also quoted ''[[Rule, Britannia!]]'' in full at the beginning of the piece.', 446 => '', 447 => '[[Siegfried August Mahlmann]] in the early 19th century wrote alternate lyrics to adapt the hymn for the [[Kingdom of Saxony]], as "Gott segne Sachsenland" ("God Bless Saxony").<ref>{{cite book| author=Granville Bantock| title=Sixty Patriotic Songs of All Nations| publisher=Ditson| year=1913| page=xv| url=https://archive.org/details/sixtypatriotics01bantgoog}}</ref>', 448 => '', 449 => '[[Christian Heinrich Rinck]] wrote two sets of variations on the anthem: the last movement of his Piano Trio Op. 34 No. 1 (1815) is a set of five variations and a concluding coda; and Theme (Andante) and (12) Variations in C Major on "Heil dir im Siegerkranz" (God Save the King), Op. 55.', 450 => '', 451 => '[[Heinrich Marschner]] used the anthem in his "Grande Ouverture solenne", op.78 (1842).', 452 => '', 453 => '[[Gaetano Donizetti]] used this anthem in his opera "[[Roberto Devereux]]".', 454 => '', 455 => '[[Joachim Raff]] used this anthem in his Jubelouverture, Opus 103 (1864) dedicated to Adolf, Herzog von Nassau, on the 25th anniversary of his reign.', 456 => '', 457 => '[[Gioachino Rossini]] used this anthem in the last scene of his "[[Il viaggio a Reims]]", when all the characters, coming from many different European countries, sing a song which recalls their own homeland. Lord Sidney, bass, sings "Della real pianta" on the notes of "God Save the King". [[Samuel Ramey]] used to interpolate a spectacular virtuoso [[cadenza]] at the end of the song.', 458 => '', 459 => '[[Fernando Sor]] used the anthem in his 12 Studies, Op. 6: No. 10 in C Major in the section marked 'Maestoso.'', 460 => '', 461 => '[[Arthur Sullivan]] quotes the anthem at the end of his ballet ''[[Victoria and Merrie England]]''.', 462 => '', 463 => '[[Claude Debussy]] opens with a brief introduction of "God Save the King" in one of his [[Preludes (Debussy)|Preludes]], ''[[Hommage à S. Pickwick Esq. P.P.M.P.C.]]''. The piece draws its inspiration from the main character of the [[Charles Dickens]] novel ''[[The Pickwick Papers]]''.', 464 => '', 465 => '[[Niccolò Paganini]] wrote a set of highly virtuosic variations on "God Save the King" as his Opus 9.', 466 => '', 467 => '[[Max Reger]] wrote ''Variations and Fugue on 'Heil dir im Siegerkranz' (God Save the King)'' for organ in 1901 after the death of [[Queen Victoria]]. It does not have an opus number.', 468 => '', 469 => 'A week before the Coronation Ode was due to be premiered at the June 1902 "Coronation Gala Concert" at [[Covent Garden]] (it was cancelled, owing to the King's illness), [[Sir Edward Elgar]] introduced an arrangement of "Land of Hope and Glory" as a solo song performed by Clara Butt at a "Coronation Concert" at the Albert Hall. Novello seized upon the prevailing patriotism and requested that Elgar arrange the National Anthem as an appropriate opening for a concert performed in front of the Court and numerous British and foreign dignitaries. This version for orchestra and chorus, which is enlivened by use of ''a cappella'' and marcato effects, was also performed at the opening of the British Empire Exhibition at Wembley on St. George's Day, 1924, and recorded under the composer's Baton in 1928, with the LSO and the Philharmonic Choir.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.elgar.org/3transcr.htm| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19971011082958/http://www.elgar.org/3transcr.htm| url-status=dead| archive-date=11 October 1997| title=His Music : Orchestral Arrangements and Transcriptions| publisher=Elgar| access-date=12 February 2014}}</ref> Elgar also used the first verse of the Anthem as the climax of a short "Civic Procession and Anthem", written to accompany the mayoral procession at the opening of the Hereford Music Festival on 4 September 1927. This premiere performance was recorded, and is today available on CD; the score was lost following the festival, and Elgar resorted to reconstructing it by ear from the recording.<ref>Jerrold Northrop Moore, ''Edward Elgar, a Creative Life'', Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1987</ref>', 470 => '', 471 => '[[Carl Maria von Weber]] uses the "God Save the King" theme at the end of his "Jubel Overture".', 472 => '', 473 => '[[Giuseppe Verdi]] included "God Save the Queen" in his "[[Inno delle nazioni]]" (Hymn of the Nations), composed for the London [[1862 International Exhibition]].', 474 => '', 475 => '[[Benjamin Britten]] arranged "God Save the Queen" in 1961 for the [[Leeds Festival (classical music)|Leeds Festival]]. This version has been programmed several times at the [[Last Night of the Proms]].<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.boosey.com/cr/music/Benjamin-Britten-The-National-Anthem/55970&langid=1| title=Benjamin Britten – The National Anthem| publisher=Boosey.com| date=21 August 2013| access-date=12 February 2014| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215225239/http://www.boosey.com/cr/music/Benjamin-Britten-The-National-Anthem/55970%26langid%3D1| archive-date=15 December 2018| url-status=dead}}</ref>', 476 => '', 477 => '[[Charles Ives]] wrote ''[[Variations on "America"]]'' for organ in 1891 at age seventeen. It included a polytonal section in three simultaneous keys, though this was omitted from performances at his father's request, because "it made the boys laugh out loud". Ives was fond of the rapid pedal line in the final variation, which he said was "almost as much fun as playing baseball". The piece was not published until 1949; the final version includes an introduction, seven variations and a polytonal interlude. The piece was adapted for orchestra in 1963 by [[William Schuman]]. This version became popular during the bicentennial celebrations, and is often heard at pops concerts.', 478 => '', 479 => '[[Muthuswami Dikshitar]] (1776–1835), one of the musical trinity in South Indian classical ([[Carnatic music|Carnatic]]) music composed some [[Sanskrit]] pieces set to Western tunes. These are in the raga [[Dheerasankarabharanam|Sankarabharanam]] and are referred to as "nottu swaras". Among these, the composition "Santatam Pahimam Sangita Shyamale" is set to the tune of "God Save the Queen".', 480 => '', 481 => '[[Sigismond Thalberg]] (1812–1871), Swiss composer and one of the most famous virtuoso pianists of the 19th century, wrote a [[fantasia (music)|fantasia]] on "God Save the Queen".', 482 => '', 483 => '[[Johan Nepomuk Hummel]] (1778–1837) wrote the ''Variations from God Save the King in D major'', op. 10 and quoted the tune briefly in his ''Freudenfest-Ouverture in D major'' S 148', 484 => '', 485 => '[[Adrien-François Servais]] (1807–66) and [[Joseph Ghys]] (1801–48) wrote ''Variations brillantes et concertantes sur l'air "God Save the King"'', op. 38, for violin and cello and performed it in London and St Petersburg.<ref>{{Cite AV media notes| title=Kremerata Baltica: "Happy Birthday"| year=2002| first=Julia| last=Bederova| publisher=Nonesuch Records| id=7559-79657-2| location=New York }}</ref>', 486 => '', 487 => '[[Georges Onslow]] (1784–1853) used the tune in his String Quartet No. 7 in G Minor, op.9, second movement.', 488 => '', 489 => '[[Hans Huber (composer)|Hans Huber]] used the melody ("[[Rufst du, mein Vaterland]]") in the first movement of his Symphony no 3 in C minor, op. 118 ("Heroic").', 490 => '', 491 => '[[Ferdinando Carulli]] used the melody in Fantaisie sur un air national anglais, for recorder & guitar, Op. 102.', 492 => '', 493 => '[[Louis Drouet]] composed "Variations on the air God save the King" for flute and piano.', 494 => '', 495 => '[[Gordon Jacob]] wrote a choral arrangement of God Save the Queen with a trumpet fanfare introduction, for the [[Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II]] in 1953.<ref>{{cite book |last=Range |first=Matthias |date=2012 |title=Music and Ceremonial at British Coronations: From James I to Elizabeth II |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_rIgAwAAQBAJ&q=Gordon+Jacob+%22God+Save+the+Queen%22&pg=PA323 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages= 256–257 |isbn= 978-1-107-02344-4 }}</ref>', 496 => '', 497 => '===Rock adaptations===', 498 => '[[Jimi Hendrix]] played an impromptu version of "God Save the Queen" to open his set at the [[Isle of Wight Festival 1970]]. Just before walking onto the stage, he asked "How does it [the anthem] go again?". Hendrix gave the same sort of distortion and improvisation of "God Save the Queen", as he had done with "[[The Star-Spangled Banner]]" at the [[Woodstock]] Festival, 1969.<ref name=HOPK>Hopkins, Jerry (1998) [https://books.google.com/books?id=0UU2TUNrNaQC&pg=PA289&dq=jimi%20hendrix%20god%20save%20the%20queen&hl=en&ei=G6NuTZajM4mLhQez3PxC&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDkQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=jimi%20hendrix%20god%20save%20the%20queen&f=false The Jimi Hendrix experience] p.290. Arcade Publishing, 1996</ref>', 499 => '', 500 => 'The rock band [[Queen (band)|Queen]] recorded an instrumental version of "God Save the Queen" for their 1975 album ''[[A Night at the Opera (Queen album)|A Night at the Opera]]''. Guitarist [[Brian May]] adapted the melody using his distinctive layers of [[overdub]]bed electric guitars. This recorded version was played at the end of almost every Queen concert, while vocalist [[Freddie Mercury]] walked around the stage wearing a crown and a cloak on their [[Magic Tour (Queen)|Magic Tour]] in 1986. The song was played whilst all the Queen members would take their bows.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Queen Live|url=http://www.queenlive.ca/queen/86-06-14.htm|access-date=2021-01-27|website=www.queenlive.ca}}</ref> On 3 June 2002, during the Queen's [[Golden Jubilee]], Brian May performed the anthem on his [[Red Special]] electric guitar for [[Party at the Palace]], performing from the roof of [[Buckingham Palace]], and features on the 30th Anniversary DVD edition of ''A Night at the Opera''.<ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/album/a-night-at-the-opera-30th-anniversary-cddvd-r811132 A Night at the Opera, 30th Anniversary CD/DVD] ''AllMusic'' Retrieved 26 February 2011</ref>', 501 => '', 502 => 'In 1977, the [[Sex Pistols]] recorded a song titled "[[God Save the Queen (Sex Pistols song)|God Save the Queen]]" in open reference to the National Anthem and the [[Silver Jubilee of Elizabeth II|Queen's Silver Jubilee celebrations]] that year, with the song intending to stand for sympathy for the working class and resentment of the monarchy.<ref name=SPIST/> They were banned from many venues, censored by mainstream media, and reached number 2 on the official U.K. singles charts and number 1 on the NME chart.<ref name=SPIST>Fred Vermorel, Judy Vermorel (1987) [https://books.google.com/books?id=TO4zX3IndmoC&pg=PA83&lpg=PA83&dq=BBC%20sex%20pistols%20god%20save%20the%20queen&source=bl&ots=LyJ_XlJ6Xs&sig=mcUNes_Meot9bSG9JofAr9-oK54&hl=en&ei=fkBpTdDqEJGy8QP_49C_BQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=11&ved=0CFoQ6AEwCjgK#v=onepage&q=BBC%20sex%20pistols%20god%20save%20the%20queen&f=false Sex Pistols: the inside story] p.83. Omnibus Press. Retrieved 26 February 2011</ref><ref>[https://www.officialcharts.com/search/singles/God%20Save%20The%20Queen Official Singles Chart – The Sex Pistols – God Save The Queen] Retrieved 26 February 2011</ref>', 503 => '', 504 => 'A version of "God Save the Queen" by [[Madness (band)|Madness]] features the melody of the song played on [[kazoo]]s. It was included on the compilation album ''[[The Business – the Definitive Singles Collection]]''.<ref>''Ska Revival Albums: Bad Manners Albums, Madness (Band) Albums, the Beat Albums, the Members Albums, the Specials Albums, the Toasters Albums''. General Books, 2010</ref>', 505 => '', 506 => '=== Computer music ===', 507 => 'The anthem was the first piece of music played on a computer, and the first computer music to be recorded.', 508 => '', 509 => 'Musical notes were first generated by a computer programmed by [[Alan Turing]] at the Computing Machine Laboratory of the [[University of Manchester]] in 1948. The first music proper, a performance of the National Anthem was programmed by [[Christopher Strachey]] on the Mark II [[Manchester Electronic Computer]] at same venue, in 1951. Later that year, short extracts of three pieces, the first being the National Anthem, were recorded there by a [[BBC]] outside broadcasting unit: the other pieces being "[[Ba Ba Black Sheep]]", and "[[In the Mood]]". Researchers at the [[University of Canterbury]], Christchurch restored the acetate master disc in 2016 and the results may be heard on [[SoundCloud]].<ref name="Turing">{{cite web|title=First recording of computer-generated music – created by Alan Turing – restored |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/sep/26/first-recording-computer-generated-music-created-alan-turing-restored-enigma-code |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=28 August 2017 |date=26 September 2016}}</ref><ref name="BL-2016-09">{{cite web|title=Restoring the first recording of computer music – Sound and vision blog|url=http://blogs.bl.uk/sound-and-vision/2016/09/restoring-the-first-recording-of-computer-music.html|publisher=[[British Library]]|access-date=28 August 2017|language=en|date=13 September 2016}}</ref>', 510 => '', 511 => '==Reception==', 512 => 'The philosopher and reformer [[Jeremy Bentham]] praised "God Save the King" in 1796: "the melody recommending itself by beauty to the most polished ears, and by its simplicity to the rudest ear. A song of this complexion, implanted by the habit of half a century in the mass of popular sentiment, can not be refused a place in the inventory of the national blessings."<ref>{{cite book| first=Jeremy| last=Bentham| title=Writings on the Poor Laws, Vol. I| editor-first=Michael| editor-last=Quinn| publisher=Clarendon Press| place=Oxford| year=2001| isbn=0199242321| page=136 }}</ref> Ludwig van Beethoven wrote "I have to show the English a little of what a blessing 'God Save the King' is".<ref>Mathew, Nicholas (2013). [https://books.google.com/books?id=xPTWc1KDG64C&pg=PA151&lpg=PA151&dq=hayden+%22god+save+the+king%22&source=bl&ots=sSWxiDwR2h&sig=tysH2dXYrDw_dxrJCGaKJFb8VUE&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiK1r6N8YLOAhWMLsAKHf7aDsQQ6AEIZDAM#v=onepage&q=hayden%20%22god%20save%20the%20king%22&f=false ''Political Beethoven''], Cambridge University Press, {{ISBN|978-1-107-00589-1}} (p. 151)</ref> Alex Marshall, the British author of ''Republic or Death!: Travels in Search of National Anthems'', called the anthem "ludicrous".<ref>{{cite book| first=Alex| last=Marshall| title=Republic or Death!: Travels in Search of National Anthems| publisher=Random House| place=London| year=2015| isbn=9781847947413| page=314 }}</ref>', 513 => '', 514 => '===Calls for a new national anthem(s)===', 515 => 'There have been calls within the UK for a new national anthem, whether it be for the United Kingdom itself, Britain and/or England (which all currently use "God Save the Queen"). There are many reasons people cite for wishing for a new national anthem, such as: from a non-religious standpoint<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-34268442 Why some people don't sing the national anthem]. ''BBC NEWS''. Published 16 September 2015. Retrieved 11 November 2017.</ref> claims of "God Save the Queen" being long outdated and irrelevant in the 21st century,<ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/Jeremy_Corbyn/11868473/Jeremy-Corbyn-was-right-not-to-sing-God-Save-the-Queen.-We-need-a-new-national-anthem.html Jeremy Corbyn was right not to sing 'God Save the Queen'. It's rubbish]. ''The Telegraph''. Published 16 September 2015. Retrieved 11 November 2017.</ref> rejection of odes to promoting war<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2008/aug/27/britishidentity Time to ditch God Save The Queen]. ''The Guardian''. Auhthor – Peter Tatchell. Published 27 August 2008. Retrieved 11 November 2017.</ref> and rejection of praising the monarchy from a [[Republicanism in the United Kingdom|republican]] perspective.<ref>{{cite web |title=Do we need a new National Anthem? |url-status=dead |url=https://www.republic.org.uk/winning-the-argument/national-anthem |publisher=TThe Republic |access-date=11 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112074029/https://www.republic.org.uk/winning-the-argument/national-anthem |archive-date=2017-11-12 |date=12 November 2017}}</ref> A further reason is that England has no anthem of its own for sporting contests and the like, whereas Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales do; "[[Flower of Scotland]]", "[[Londonderry Air]]", and "[[Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau]]" fill this niche (the former two on an unofficial basis), while England tends to use "God Save the Queen" exclusively and also unofficially.', 516 => '', 517 => '==Notes==', 518 => '{{reflist}}', 519 => '', 520 => '==External links==', 521 => '{{Wikisource}}', 522 => '{{Commons|God Save the Queen}}', 523 => '* {{cite journal |last1=Dimont|first1=Charles |title=God Save the Queen: the History of the National Anthem |journal=[[History Today]] |volume=3 |issue=5 |date=May 1953 |url=http://www.historytoday.com/charles-dimont/god-save-queen-history-national-anthem |access-date=31 May 2020}}', 524 => '* [https://www.royal.uk/national-anthem National Anthem] at the Royal Family website', 525 => '* [http://nationalanthems.me/united-kingdom-god-save-the-queen/ Streaming audio, lyrics and information about God Save the Queen]', 526 => '* [https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian-heritage/services/royal-symbols-titles/royal-anthem.html Department of Canadian Heritage] – Royal anthem page', 527 => '* [http://www.stgeorgesnews.org/2005/04f05.htm God Save Great George our King:] – article discussing different versions of the lyrics', 528 => '* {{cantorion|pieces/2949/God_Save_the_Queen|God Save the Queen}}', 529 => '* [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-35312314 A Point of View: Is it time for a new British national anthem?] BBC News. Published 15 January 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2017.', 530 => '* [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b3917316;view=1up;seq=18 On some Philological Peculiarities in the English Authorized Version of the Bible]. By Thomas Watts, Esq.', 531 => '', 532 => '{{National Anthems of Europe}}', 533 => '{{National Anthems of North America}}', 534 => '{{National Anthems of Oceania and the Pacific Islands}}', 535 => '{{Canadian royal symbols}}', 536 => '<!--Remains official national anthem-->', 537 => '<!--Often used as a specifically English anthem at sporting events, while the other parts of the UK use their own anthems.-->', 538 => '{{Benjamin Britten|state=collapsed}}', 539 => '', 540 => '{{Authority control}}', 541 => '', 542 => '{{DEFAULTSORT:God Save the Queen}}', 543 => '[[Category:Australian patriotic songs]]', 544 => '[[Category:British monarchy]]', 545 => '[[Category:British patriotic songs]]', 546 => '[[Category:Compositions by Benjamin Britten]]', 547 => '[[Category:Canadian anthems]]', 548 => '[[Category:New Zealand patriotic songs]]', 549 => '[[Category:English Christian hymns]]', 550 => '[[Category:Monarchy in Australia]]', 551 => '[[Category:Monarchy in Canada]]', 552 => '[[Category:Monarchy in New Zealand]]', 553 => '[[Category:British anthems]]', 554 => '[[Category:National symbols of Anguilla]]', 555 => '[[Category:National symbols of England]]', 556 => '[[Category:National symbols of New Zealand]]', 557 => '[[Category:National symbols of Northern Ireland]]<!--As with England, used by Northern Ireland for some sporting events, e.g. football (soccer)-->', 558 => '[[Category:National symbols of Scotland]]', 559 => '[[Category:National symbols of Wales]]', 560 => '[[Category:National symbols of the United Kingdom]]', 561 => '[[Category:Canadian patriotic songs]]', 562 => '[[Category:Queen (band) songs]]', 563 => '[[Category:Rangers F.C. songs]]', 564 => '[[Category:Royal anthems]]', 565 => '[[Category:1744 in England]]', 566 => '[[Category:1744 songs]]', 567 => '[[Category:Oceanian anthems]]', 568 => '[[Category:North American anthems]]', 569 => '[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]', 570 => '[[Category:European anthems]]', 571 => '[[Category:National anthems]]', 572 => '[[Category:National anthem compositions in G major]]', 573 => '[[Category:Music controversies]]', 574 => '[[Category:God in culture]]' ]