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{{Nihongo|'''Mika Yamamoto'''|山本 美香|Yamamoto Mika}}<ref>{{cite web|script-title=ja:シリアで日本人記者死亡　ジャパンプレス・山本美香さん|url=http://www.asahi.com/international/update/0821/TKY201208210091.html?ref=reca|publisher=Asahi Shimbun|accessdate=21 August 2012|location=Damascus|author=Manabu Kitagawa|language=Japanese|date=20 August 2012}}</ref> (26 May 1967 – 20 August 2012) was an award-winning Japanese video and photo journalist for the news agency Japan Press.<ref name=cjp20>{{cite web|title=Japanese reporter killed, two missing in Syria|url=http://www.cpj.org/2012/08/japanese-reporter-killed-two-missing-in-syria.php|publisher=Committee to Protect Journalists|accessdate=21 August 2012|location=New York|date=20 August 2012}}</ref> Yamamoto was killed on 20 August 2012 while covering the ongoing [[Syrian Civil War]] in [[Aleppo]], [[Syria]]. She was the first Japanese<ref name=msnreu>{{cite news|title=Japanese TV journalist killed in Aleppo gunfight|url=http://money.msn.com/business-news/article.aspx?feed=OBR&date=20120820&id=15469011|accessdate=24 August 2012|newspaper=MSN|date=20 August 2012|agency=Reuters|location=Beirut and Tokyo}}</ref> and fourth foreign journalist killed in the Syrian Civil War that began in March 2011.<ref name=alarabiya21/> She was also the fifteenth journalist killed in Syria in 2012.<ref name=pgaz>{{cite news|last=Wilson|first=Richard|title=Death toll of journalists in Syria rises to 15 this year|url=http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/story.asp?sectioncode=1&storycode=49891&c=1|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=Press Gazette|date=21 August 2012}}</ref> Yamamoto was a recipient of the Vaughn-Uyeda Memorial Prize of the Japanese Newspaper Publishers and Editors Association for her reporting of international affairs in 2004.<ref name=tjp/><ref name=NNN>{{cite news|title=ボーン・上田賞受賞! NNN きょうの出来事 @ 日テレ|url=http://www.ntv.co.jp/kyodeki/news.html|accessdate=24 August 2012}}</ref>
{{Nihongo|'''Mika Yamamoto'''|山本 美香|Yamamoto Mika}}<ref>{{cite web|script-title=ja:シリアで日本人記者死亡　ジャパンプレス・山本美香さん|url=http://www.asahi.com/international/update/0821/TKY201208210091.html?ref=reca|publisher=Asahi Shimbun|accessdate=21 August 2012|location=Damascus|author=Manabu Kitagawa|language=Japanese|date=20 August 2012}}</ref> (26 May 1967 – 20 August 2012) was an award-winning Japanese video and photo journalist for the news agency Japan Press.<ref name=cjp20>{{cite web|title=Japanese reporter killed, two missing in Syria|url=http://www.cpj.org/2012/08/japanese-reporter-killed-two-missing-in-syria.php|publisher=Committee to Protect Journalists|accessdate=21 August 2012|location=New York|date=20 August 2012}}</ref> Yamamoto was killed on 20 August 2012 while covering the ongoing [[Syrian Civil War]] in [[Aleppo]], [[Syria]]. She was the first Japanese<ref name=msnreu>{{cite news|title=Japanese TV journalist killed in Aleppo gunfight|url=http://money.msn.com/business-news/article.aspx?feed=OBR&date=20120820&id=15469011|accessdate=24 August 2012|newspaper=MSN|date=20 August 2012|agency=Reuters|location=Beirut and Tokyo}}</ref> and fourth foreign journalist killed in the Syrian Civil War that began in March 2011.<ref name=alarabiya21/> She was also the fifteenth journalist killed in Syria in 2012.<ref name=pgaz>{{cite news|last=Wilson|first=Richard|title=Death toll of journalists in Syria rises to 15 this year|url=http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/story.asp?sectioncode=1&storycode=49891&c=1|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=Press Gazette|date=21 August 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120824023643/http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/story.asp?sectioncode=1&storycode=49891&c=1|archivedate=24 August 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Yamamoto was a recipient of the Vaughn-Uyeda Memorial Prize of the Japanese Newspaper Publishers and Editors Association for her reporting of international affairs in 2004.<ref name=tjp/><ref name=NNN>{{cite news|title=ボーン・上田賞受賞! NNN きょうの出来事 @ 日テレ|url=http://www.ntv.co.jp/kyodeki/news.html|accessdate=24 August 2012}}{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>


==Family background==
==Family background==
Yamamoto was born in [[Tsuru, Yamanashi|Tsuru]], a city in [[Yamanashi Prefecture]], on 26 May 1967.<ref name="hochi">{{cite web|script-title=ja:戦場ジャーナリスト・山本美香さん、シリアで銃撃死…右腕、首に被弾し出血多量 |url=http://hochi.yomiuri.co.jp/topics/news/20120821-OHT1T00279.htm|publisher=Hochi Shimbun|accessdate=22 August 2012|language=Japanese|date=22 August 2012}}</ref><ref name=mainichi>{{cite news|title=Japanese reporter accompanying rebels killed in Syrian violence|url=http://mainichi.jp/english/english/newsselect/news/20120821p2g00m0dm001000c.html|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=The Mainichi|date=21 August 2012|location=Cairo}}</ref> She had two sisters,<ref name=japant22>{{cite news|last=Kyodo|first=Jiji|title=Reporter killed in Syria a tough, careful veteran|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/nn20120822a2.html|accessdate=22 August 2012|newspaper=Japan Times|date=22 August 2012}}</ref> and her father, Koji Yamamoto, is a former ''[[Asahi Shimbun]]'' reporter.<ref name=mainichi2/> She graduated from [[Tsuru University]].<ref name=mainichi/>
Yamamoto was born in [[Tsuru, Yamanashi|Tsuru]], a city in [[Yamanashi Prefecture]], on 26 May 1967.<ref name="hochi">{{cite web|script-title=ja:戦場ジャーナリスト・山本美香さん、シリアで銃撃死…右腕、首に被弾し出血多量|url=http://hochi.yomiuri.co.jp/topics/news/20120821-OHT1T00279.htm|publisher=Hochi Shimbun|accessdate=22 August 2012|language=Japanese|date=22 August 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120822063455/http://hochi.yomiuri.co.jp/topics/news/20120821-OHT1T00279.htm|archivedate=22 August 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name=mainichi>{{cite news|title=Japanese reporter accompanying rebels killed in Syrian violence|url=http://mainichi.jp/english/english/newsselect/news/20120821p2g00m0dm001000c.html|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=The Mainichi|date=21 August 2012|location=Cairo|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120824224552/http://mainichi.jp/english/english/newsselect/news/20120821p2g00m0dm001000c.html|archivedate=24 August 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> She had two sisters,<ref name=japant22>{{cite news|last=Kyodo|first=Jiji|title=Reporter killed in Syria a tough, careful veteran|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/nn20120822a2.html|accessdate=22 August 2012|newspaper=Japan Times|date=22 August 2012}}</ref> and her father, Koji Yamamoto, is a former ''[[Asahi Shimbun]]'' reporter.<ref name=mainichi2/> She graduated from [[Tsuru University]].<ref name=mainichi/>


==Career in journalism==
==Career in journalism==
Yamamoto began her career in 1990 as a reporter for Asahi Newstar, the [[satellite television]] channel of [[TV Asahi]], eventually becoming a video journalist and director for documentaries and news programs.<ref name=mainichi/><ref name=dyomiuri>{{cite news|last=Tao|first=Shigeki|title=Japanese shot dead in Syria|url=http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/national/T120821004501.htm|accessdate=22 August 2012|newspaper=Daily Yomiuri|date=22 August 2012|location=Cairo}}</ref> She left the channel in 1995 to join the Japan Press, a Tokyo-based independent media group,<ref name=mainichi/><ref name=dyomiuri/> which covers news and produces documentaries for TV broadcasting and magazines focused on the Middle East and Southwest Asia.<ref>{{cite news|title=Siria, uccisa giornalista Mika Yamamoto vincitrice del Pulitzer giapponese|url=http://www.ilmessaggero.it/primopiano/esteri/siria_uccisa_yamamoto_reporter_giapponese/notizie/215042.shtml|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=Il Messaggero|date=21 August 2012}}</ref> Known for employing hand-held video cameras and performing her own editing,<ref name=wnn/> Yamamoto served as a correspondent for the Japan Press in critical areas such as [[Kosovo]], [[Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnia]], [[Chechnya]], [[Indonesia]], [[Afghanistan]] in 2001, [[Iraq]] in 2003 and [[Uganda]].<ref name=tjp>{{cite web|title=山本美香(Mika YAMAMOTO)|url=http://j-press.co.jp/|work=The Japan Press|accessdate=22 August 2012}}</ref><ref name=japant22/><ref name=wnn>{{cite news|title=Japan woman journalist Mika Yamamoto dies from injuries during Syrian conflict|url=http://womennewsnetwork.net/2012/08/20/japan-woman-journalist-dies-syrian/|accessdate=21 August 2012|work=Women News Network|date=20 August 2012|location=Aleppo}}</ref> She reported on the suppression of the Afghan women in [[Kabul]]<ref name=wnn/> and interviewed [[Taliban]] members in Afghanistan.<ref name=tjp/> She worked as a special correspondent for [[Nippon TV]] in Iraq.<ref name=nydaily/> She survived a [[Multi-National Force – Iraq|coalition]] tank shell strike on the [[Palestine Hotel]] in [[Baghdad]] on 3 April 2003 where two journalists from ''[[Reuters]]'' and a Spanish broadcaster were killed.<ref name=aljaz21>{{cite news|title=Japanese reporter killed in Aleppo|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/08/201282162113788607.html|accessdate=21 August 2012|work=Al Jazeera|date=21 August 2012}}</ref><ref name=time24>{{cite news|last=Birmingham|first=Lucy|title=The Freelancer as Martyr: Mika Yamamoto (1967-2012)|url=http://world.time.com/2012/08/24/the-freelancer-as-martyr-mika-yamamoto-1967-2012/|accessdate=25 August 2012|newspaper=Time|date=24 August 2012|location=Tokyo}}</ref> Yamamoto transitioned to work as a news presenter for the Nippon TV news program {{Nihongo|''Today by NNN''|「NNNきょうの出来事」|NNN Kyo no Dekigoto}} in 2003 and 2004, receiving the Vaughn-Uyeda Memorial Award Prize for her previous coverage of the war in Iraq.<ref name=mainichi2/> She was also a special lecturer at [[Waseda University]]'s journalism school and at her alma mater, [[Tsuru University]].<ref name=mainichi2>{{cite news|title=Japanese journalist gunned down in Syria focused on plight of ordinary citizens|url=http://mainichi.jp/english/english/newsselect/news/20120821p2a00m0na018000c.html|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=The Mainichi|date=21 August 2012}}</ref><ref name=Tsuru>>{{cite web|title=本学卒業生、ジャーナリスト山本美香さんを悼む - 都留文科大学|url=http://www.tsuru.ac.jp/news/2_50331eae4ba31/index.html|accessdate=24 August 2012}}</ref> Her lectures were concerned with the effects of war on ordinary citizens and the role of journalism during wartime.<ref name=mainichi2/> After the [[2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami|Great East Japan earthquake]] on 11 March 2011, Yamamoto visited the affected areas to record the damage experienced.<ref name=asahi27812ed>{{cite news|title=Remembering Mika Yamamoto, a brave journalist|url=http://ajw.asahi.com/article/views/editorial/AJ201208270067|accessdate=29 January 2013|newspaper=The Asahi Shimbun|date=27 August 2012}}</ref> In November 2011, she began to serve as an independent consultant to the Government Revitalization Unit with the responsibility for reducing unnecessary spending in the Japanese government.<ref name=dyomiuri/> Yamamoto was on assignment in Syria for Nippon TV to cover the [[Syrian Civil War|ongoing civil war]] and the impact it had on the Syrian civilian population when she was killed.<ref name=nydaily>{{cite news|title=Mika Yamamoto, veteran war correspondent for the Japan Press, killed in Syria covering civil war|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/mika-yamamoto-veteran-war-correspondent-japan-press-killed-syria-covering-civil-war-article-1.1140795|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=NY Daily News|date=20 August 2012|agency=AP}}</ref><ref name=time24/><ref name=asahi24/>
Yamamoto began her career in 1990 as a reporter for Asahi Newstar, the [[satellite television]] channel of [[TV Asahi]], eventually becoming a video journalist and director for documentaries and news programs.<ref name=mainichi/><ref name=dyomiuri>{{cite news|last=Tao|first=Shigeki|title=Japanese shot dead in Syria|url=http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/national/T120821004501.htm|accessdate=22 August 2012|newspaper=Daily Yomiuri|date=22 August 2012|location=Cairo}}</ref> She left the channel in 1995 to join the Japan Press, a Tokyo-based independent media group,<ref name=mainichi/><ref name=dyomiuri/> which covers news and produces documentaries for TV broadcasting and magazines focused on the Middle East and Southwest Asia.<ref>{{cite news|title=Siria, uccisa giornalista Mika Yamamoto vincitrice del Pulitzer giapponese|url=http://www.ilmessaggero.it/primopiano/esteri/siria_uccisa_yamamoto_reporter_giapponese/notizie/215042.shtml|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=Il Messaggero|date=21 August 2012}}</ref> Known for employing hand-held video cameras and performing her own editing,<ref name=wnn/> Yamamoto served as a correspondent for the Japan Press in critical areas such as [[Kosovo]], [[Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnia]], [[Chechnya]], [[Indonesia]], [[Afghanistan]] in 2001, [[Iraq]] in 2003 and [[Uganda]].<ref name=tjp>{{cite web|title=山本美香(Mika YAMAMOTO)|url=http://j-press.co.jp/|work=The Japan Press|accessdate=22 August 2012}}</ref><ref name=japant22/><ref name=wnn>{{cite news|title=Japan woman journalist Mika Yamamoto dies from injuries during Syrian conflict|url=http://womennewsnetwork.net/2012/08/20/japan-woman-journalist-dies-syrian/|accessdate=21 August 2012|work=Women News Network|date=20 August 2012|location=Aleppo}}</ref> She reported on the suppression of the Afghan women in [[Kabul]]<ref name=wnn/> and interviewed [[Taliban]] members in Afghanistan.<ref name=tjp/> She worked as a special correspondent for [[Nippon TV]] in Iraq.<ref name=nydaily/> She survived a [[Multi-National Force – Iraq|coalition]] tank shell strike on the [[Palestine Hotel]] in [[Baghdad]] on 3 April 2003 where two journalists from ''[[Reuters]]'' and a Spanish broadcaster were killed.<ref name=aljaz21>{{cite news|title=Japanese reporter killed in Aleppo|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/08/201282162113788607.html|accessdate=21 August 2012|work=Al Jazeera|date=21 August 2012}}</ref><ref name=time24>{{cite news|last=Birmingham|first=Lucy|title=The Freelancer as Martyr: Mika Yamamoto (1967-2012)|url=http://world.time.com/2012/08/24/the-freelancer-as-martyr-mika-yamamoto-1967-2012/|accessdate=25 August 2012|newspaper=Time|date=24 August 2012|location=Tokyo}}</ref> Yamamoto transitioned to work as a news presenter for the Nippon TV news program {{Nihongo|''Today by NNN''|「NNNきょうの出来事」|NNN Kyo no Dekigoto}} in 2003 and 2004, receiving the Vaughn-Uyeda Memorial Award Prize for her previous coverage of the war in Iraq.<ref name=mainichi2/> She was also a special lecturer at [[Waseda University]]'s journalism school and at her alma mater, [[Tsuru University]].<ref name=mainichi2>{{cite news|title=Japanese journalist gunned down in Syria focused on plight of ordinary citizens|url=http://mainichi.jp/english/english/newsselect/news/20120821p2a00m0na018000c.html|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=The Mainichi|date=21 August 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130111192443/http://mainichi.jp/english/english/newsselect/news/20120821p2a00m0na018000c.html|archivedate=11 January 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name=Tsuru>>{{cite web|title=本学卒業生、ジャーナリスト山本美香さんを悼む - 都留文科大学|url=http://www.tsuru.ac.jp/news/2_50331eae4ba31/index.html|accessdate=24 August 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120920035111/http://www.tsuru.ac.jp/news/2_50331eae4ba31/index.html|archivedate=20 September 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Her lectures were concerned with the effects of war on ordinary citizens and the role of journalism during wartime.<ref name=mainichi2/> After the [[2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami|Great East Japan earthquake]] on 11 March 2011, Yamamoto visited the affected areas to record the damage experienced.<ref name=asahi27812ed>{{cite news|title=Remembering Mika Yamamoto, a brave journalist|url=http://ajw.asahi.com/article/views/editorial/AJ201208270067|accessdate=29 January 2013|newspaper=The Asahi Shimbun|date=27 August 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120829070838/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/views/editorial/AJ201208270067|archivedate=29 August 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> In November 2011, she began to serve as an independent consultant to the Government Revitalization Unit with the responsibility for reducing unnecessary spending in the Japanese government.<ref name=dyomiuri/> Yamamoto was on assignment in Syria for Nippon TV to cover the [[Syrian Civil War|ongoing civil war]] and the impact it had on the Syrian civilian population when she was killed.<ref name=nydaily>{{cite news|title=Mika Yamamoto, veteran war correspondent for the Japan Press, killed in Syria covering civil war|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/mika-yamamoto-veteran-war-correspondent-japan-press-killed-syria-covering-civil-war-article-1.1140795|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=NY Daily News|date=20 August 2012|agency=AP}}</ref><ref name=time24/><ref name=asahi24/>


==Death==
==Death==
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Yamamoto and her Japanese colleague and boyfriend, photographer Kazutaka Sato, were travelling with fighters of the [[Free Syrian Army]] when they came under attack in [[Aleppo]].<ref name=asahi24/><ref name=twp21>{{cite news|title=Veteran Japanese war correspondent killed while covering fighting in Syria|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/japanese-journalist-killed-covering-fighting-in-syria-body-transferred-to-turkey/2012/08/20/0c892482-eb27-11e1-866f-60a00f604425_story.html|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=21 August 2012|agency=AP|location=Tokyo}}</ref><ref name=monline6912>{{cite news|last=Miller|first=Daniel|title=Husband and work partner of Japanese reporter|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2199018/Husband-work-partner-Japanese-reporter-killed-Syria-tells-moment-wife-shot.html|accessdate=24 September 2012|newspaper=Mail Online|date=6 September 2012}}</ref> She was seriously wounded in the Suleiman al Halabi district of the city during a clash between Syrian opposition and pro-government forces on 20 August 2012;<ref name=wnn/><ref name=reu21>{{cite news|title=Factbox: Journalists killed in Syria|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2012/08/21/us-syria-crisis-journalists-deaths-idUSBRE87K0HZ20120821|accessdate=21 August 2012|work=Reuters|date=21 August 2012}}</ref> Sato stated that Yamamoto's death occurred when pro-government troops appeared and started "random shooting".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/f10390a0-eb65-11e1-b8b7-00144feab49a.html|title=Japanese journalist killed in Aleppo|date=21 August 2012|work=Financial Times|accessdate=21 August 2012}}</ref> She died at a nearby hospital after suffering gunshot wounds to the neck<ref name=cjp20/><ref name=alarabiya21>{{cite news|title=Japanese reporter shot dead in Syrian city of Aleppo|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/08/21/233366.html|accessdate=21 August 2012|work=Al Arabiya|date=21 August 2012|agency=AFP|location=Tokyo}}</ref> while a rebel fighter gave a conflicting account that she was killed during shelling by the pro-government forces.<ref name=cjp20/> Masaru Sato, a spokesman with the foreign ministry in [[Tokyo]], confirmed her death on 20 August 2012.<ref name=wsj>{{cite news|title=Japanese Journalist Killed in Syria|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10000872396390443989204577602273798728902|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=The Wall Street Journal|date=21 August 2012|agency=AP|location=Tokyo}}</ref>
Yamamoto and her Japanese colleague and boyfriend, photographer Kazutaka Sato, were travelling with fighters of the [[Free Syrian Army]] when they came under attack in [[Aleppo]].<ref name=asahi24/><ref name=twp21>{{cite news|title=Veteran Japanese war correspondent killed while covering fighting in Syria|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/japanese-journalist-killed-covering-fighting-in-syria-body-transferred-to-turkey/2012/08/20/0c892482-eb27-11e1-866f-60a00f604425_story.html|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=21 August 2012|agency=AP|location=Tokyo}}</ref><ref name=monline6912>{{cite news|last=Miller|first=Daniel|title=Husband and work partner of Japanese reporter|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2199018/Husband-work-partner-Japanese-reporter-killed-Syria-tells-moment-wife-shot.html|accessdate=24 September 2012|newspaper=Mail Online|date=6 September 2012}}</ref> She was seriously wounded in the Suleiman al Halabi district of the city during a clash between Syrian opposition and pro-government forces on 20 August 2012;<ref name=wnn/><ref name=reu21>{{cite news|title=Factbox: Journalists killed in Syria|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2012/08/21/us-syria-crisis-journalists-deaths-idUSBRE87K0HZ20120821|accessdate=21 August 2012|work=Reuters|date=21 August 2012}}</ref> Sato stated that Yamamoto's death occurred when pro-government troops appeared and started "random shooting".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/f10390a0-eb65-11e1-b8b7-00144feab49a.html|title=Japanese journalist killed in Aleppo|date=21 August 2012|work=Financial Times|accessdate=21 August 2012}}</ref> She died at a nearby hospital after suffering gunshot wounds to the neck<ref name=cjp20/><ref name=alarabiya21>{{cite news|title=Japanese reporter shot dead in Syrian city of Aleppo|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/08/21/233366.html|accessdate=21 August 2012|work=Al Arabiya|date=21 August 2012|agency=AFP|location=Tokyo}}</ref> while a rebel fighter gave a conflicting account that she was killed during shelling by the pro-government forces.<ref name=cjp20/> Masaru Sato, a spokesman with the foreign ministry in [[Tokyo]], confirmed her death on 20 August 2012.<ref name=wsj>{{cite news|title=Japanese Journalist Killed in Syria|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10000872396390443989204577602273798728902|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=The Wall Street Journal|date=21 August 2012|agency=AP|location=Tokyo}}</ref>


Autopsy revealed that Yamamoto suffered trauma caused by gunshot wounds to her neck and torso despite her use of body armor and that the primary cause of her death was internal bleeding and [[Exsanguination|rapid blood loss]].<ref name=asahi23>{{cite news|last=Tamakawa|first=Toru|title=Autopsy: Internal bleeding likely killed journalist Yamamoto|url=http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/social_affairs/AJ201208230079|accessdate=24 August 2012|newspaper=The Asahi Shimbun|date=23 August 2012}}</ref> It was further revealed by the autopsy that she had been shot nine times and that the cause of her death was a bullet to the neck, damaging her spinal cord.<ref name=monline6912/><ref name=jsr>{{cite web|last=Kyoko Stucky|first=Nathalie|title=Remembering Ms. Mika Yamamoto; War Journalist Killed In Action|url=http://www.japansubculture.com/remembering-ms-mika-yamamoto-war-journalist-killed-in-action/|publisher=Japan Subculture Research|accessdate=24 September 2012|date=13 September 2012}}</ref>
Autopsy revealed that Yamamoto suffered trauma caused by gunshot wounds to her neck and torso despite her use of body armor and that the primary cause of her death was internal bleeding and [[Exsanguination|rapid blood loss]].<ref name=asahi23>{{cite news|last=Tamakawa|first=Toru|title=Autopsy: Internal bleeding likely killed journalist Yamamoto|url=http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/social_affairs/AJ201208230079|accessdate=24 August 2012|newspaper=The Asahi Shimbun|date=23 August 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020235840/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/social_affairs/AJ201208230079|archivedate=20 October 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> It was further revealed by the autopsy that she had been shot nine times and that the cause of her death was a bullet to the neck, damaging her spinal cord.<ref name=monline6912/><ref name=jsr>{{cite web|last=Kyoko Stucky|first=Nathalie|title=Remembering Ms. Mika Yamamoto; War Journalist Killed In Action|url=http://www.japansubculture.com/remembering-ms-mika-yamamoto-war-journalist-killed-in-action/|publisher=Japan Subculture Research|accessdate=24 September 2012|date=13 September 2012}}</ref>


Her body was delivered by the members of the Liwa Asifat al Shamal, one of the groups attached to the Free Syrian Army, to Japanese consular officials in [[Kilis]], southern [[Turkey]], at 1:00 pm on 21 August 2012.<ref name=mainichi/><ref name=posta>{{cite news|title=Halep"te Öldürülen Japon Gazetecinin Cenazesi Kilis"e Getirildi (Japanese journalist's body taken to Kilis)|url=http://www.haberfx.net/halepte-oldurulen-japon-gazetecinin-cenazesi-kilise-getirildi-haberi-581680/|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=Posta|date=21 August 2012|language=Turkish}}</ref><ref name=jtoday21>{{cite news|title=Japanese woman reporter shot dead in Syria's Aleppo|url=http://www.japantoday.com/category/national/view/japanese-woman-reporter-killed-in-syrias-aleppo|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=Japan Today|date=21 August 2012|location=Tokyo}}</ref>
Her body was delivered by the members of the Liwa Asifat al Shamal, one of the groups attached to the Free Syrian Army, to Japanese consular officials in [[Kilis]], southern [[Turkey]], at 1:00 pm on 21 August 2012.<ref name=mainichi/><ref name=posta>{{cite news|title=Halep"te Öldürülen Japon Gazetecinin Cenazesi Kilis"e Getirildi (Japanese journalist's body taken to Kilis)|url=http://www.haberfx.net/halepte-oldurulen-japon-gazetecinin-cenazesi-kilise-getirildi-haberi-581680/|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=Posta|date=21 August 2012|language=Turkish|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130112001135/http://www.haberfx.net/halepte-oldurulen-japon-gazetecinin-cenazesi-kilise-getirildi-haberi-581680/|archivedate=12 January 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name=jtoday21>{{cite news|title=Japanese woman reporter shot dead in Syria's Aleppo|url=http://www.japantoday.com/category/national/view/japanese-woman-reporter-killed-in-syrias-aleppo|accessdate=21 August 2012|newspaper=Japan Today|date=21 August 2012|location=Tokyo}}</ref>


==Funeral==
==Funeral==
Yamamoto's body was taken from Kilis to [[Istanbul]] on 23 August 2012.<ref name=asahi24/> Her two sisters and nephew travelled to Istanbul<ref name=asahi24>{{cite news|last=Tamakawa|first=Toru|title=Family members view body of slain war journalist|url=http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/social_affairs/AJ201208240086|accessdate=24 August 2012|newspaper=The Asahi Shimbun|date=24 August 2012}}</ref> and accompanied her body back to Japan on 25 August.<ref name=hpost25>{{cite news|title=Mika Yamamoto, Japanese Journalist Killed in Syria, Returns Home|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/25/mika-yamamoto-_n_1829959.html|accessdate=25 August 2012|work=Huffington Post|date=25 August 2012|agency=AP|location=Tokyo}}</ref> Her funeral ceremony, attended by some 800 people, was held in Tsuru, where her parents live, on 27 August.<ref name=funeral1>{{cite news|title=Hundreds pay last respects to slain journalist Mika Yamamoto|url=http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/people/AJ201208280077|accessdate=30 August 2012|newspaper=The Asahi Shimbun|date=28 August 2012}}</ref>
Yamamoto's body was taken from Kilis to [[Istanbul]] on 23 August 2012.<ref name=asahi24/> Her two sisters and nephew travelled to Istanbul<ref name=asahi24>{{cite news|last=Tamakawa|first=Toru|title=Family members view body of slain war journalist|url=http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/social_affairs/AJ201208240086|accessdate=24 August 2012|newspaper=The Asahi Shimbun|date=24 August 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120829084207/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/social_affairs/AJ201208240086|archivedate=29 August 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> and accompanied her body back to Japan on 25 August.<ref name=hpost25>{{cite news|title=Mika Yamamoto, Japanese Journalist Killed in Syria, Returns Home|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/25/mika-yamamoto-_n_1829959.html|accessdate=25 August 2012|work=Huffington Post|date=25 August 2012|agency=AP|location=Tokyo}}</ref> Her funeral ceremony, attended by some 800 people, was held in Tsuru, where her parents live, on 27 August.<ref name=funeral1>{{cite news|title=Hundreds pay last respects to slain journalist Mika Yamamoto|url=http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/people/AJ201208280077|accessdate=30 August 2012|newspaper=The Asahi Shimbun|date=28 August 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120829070001/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/people/AJ201208280077|archivedate=29 August 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref>


==Reactions==
==Reactions==
The executive director of the [[Committee to Protect Journalists]], Joel Simon, expressed his sorrow and sent his condolences to Yamamoto's family and friends.<ref name=cjp20/> On 22 August, the Japanese Foreign Minister [[Kōichirō Gemba]] stated that the killing of Yamamoto was very unfortunate and he offered his condolences to her family.<ref name=bna>{{cite news|title=Japan condemns killing of Japanese journalist Mika Yamamoto|url=http://www.bna.bh/portal/en/news/521553|accessdate=22 August 2012|work=Bahrain News Agency|date=22 August 2012|location=Tokyo}}</ref> The [[French Foreign Ministry]] released a statement of condolence at a press briefing on 21 August for Yamamoto's family and those involved in the tragedy.<ref name=Yomiuri>{{cite news|script-title=ja:官房長官「強く非難」…シリアで山本さん銃撃死|url=http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/politics/news/20120821-OYT1T00730.htm|work=Yomiuri Online|accessdate=24 August 2012|language=Japanese|date=21 August 2012}}</ref> [[United States Department of State]] spokesperson [[Victoria Nuland]] at a press briefing on 21 August condemned the killing of Yamamoto by Syrian government forces and issued a statement of condolence.<ref name=Jiji>{{cite news|script-title=ja:山本さんに哀悼の意=米国務省|url=http://www.jiji.com/jc/c?g=soc_30&k=2012082200194|work=Jiji Press|accessdate=24 August 2012|language=Japanese|date=22 August 2012}}</ref>
The executive director of the [[Committee to Protect Journalists]], Joel Simon, expressed his sorrow and sent his condolences to Yamamoto's family and friends.<ref name=cjp20/> On 22 August, the Japanese Foreign Minister [[Kōichirō Gemba]] stated that the killing of Yamamoto was very unfortunate and he offered his condolences to her family.<ref name=bna>{{cite news|title=Japan condemns killing of Japanese journalist Mika Yamamoto|url=http://www.bna.bh/portal/en/news/521553|accessdate=22 August 2012|work=Bahrain News Agency|date=22 August 2012|location=Tokyo}}</ref> The [[French Foreign Ministry]] released a statement of condolence at a press briefing on 21 August for Yamamoto's family and those involved in the tragedy.<ref name=Yomiuri>{{cite news|script-title=ja:官房長官「強く非難」…シリアで山本さん銃撃死|url=http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/politics/news/20120821-OYT1T00730.htm|work=Yomiuri Online|accessdate=24 August 2012|language=Japanese|date=21 August 2012}}</ref> [[United States Department of State]] spokesperson [[Victoria Nuland]] at a press briefing on 21 August condemned the killing of Yamamoto by Syrian government forces and issued a statement of condolence.<ref name=Jiji>{{cite news|script-title=ja:山本さんに哀悼の意=米国務省|url=http://www.jiji.com/jc/c?g=soc_30&k=2012082200194|work=Jiji Press|accessdate=24 August 2012|language=Japanese|date=22 August 2012}}{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>


==Memorials==
==Memorials==
On 10 October 2012, the students at Waseda University where Yamamoto had lectured for four years organized a memorial service for her.<ref name=nonjapan>{{cite news|title=Symposium held for reporter, Mika Yamamoto, killed in Syria|url=http://newsonjapan.com/html/newsdesk/article/98871.php|accessdate=23 December 2012|work=News on Japan|date=11 October 2012}}</ref> The ceremony included a movie about her and also, her friends' statements.<ref name=nonjapan/>
On 10 October 2012, the students at Waseda University where Yamamoto had lectured for four years organized a memorial service for her.<ref name=nonjapan>{{cite news|title=Symposium held for reporter, Mika Yamamoto, killed in Syria|url=http://newsonjapan.com/html/newsdesk/article/98871.php|accessdate=23 December 2012|work=News on Japan|date=11 October 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121203034741/http://newsonjapan.com/html/newsdesk/article/98871.php|archivedate=3 December 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The ceremony included a movie about her and also, her friends' statements.<ref name=nonjapan/>


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 04:51, 30 November 2017

Mika Yamamoto
山本 美香
Born
Mika Yamamoto

(1967-05-26)26 May 1967
Tsuru, Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan
Died20 August 2012(2012-08-20) (aged 45)
Aleppo, Syria
Cause of deathShot by Pro-government assailant
Killed by government shelling (rebel claim)
Resting placeTsuru
NationalityJapanese
Alma materTsuru University
OccupationJournalist
Years active1990–2012
ParentKoji Yamamoto (father)

Mika Yamamoto (山本 美香, Yamamoto Mika)[1] (26 May 1967 – 20 August 2012) was an award-winning Japanese video and photo journalist for the news agency Japan Press.[2] Yamamoto was killed on 20 August 2012 while covering the ongoing Syrian Civil War in Aleppo, Syria. She was the first Japanese[3] and fourth foreign journalist killed in the Syrian Civil War that began in March 2011.[4] She was also the fifteenth journalist killed in Syria in 2012.[5] Yamamoto was a recipient of the Vaughn-Uyeda Memorial Prize of the Japanese Newspaper Publishers and Editors Association for her reporting of international affairs in 2004.[6][7]

Family background

Yamamoto was born in Tsuru, a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, on 26 May 1967.[8][9] She had two sisters,[10] and her father, Koji Yamamoto, is a former Asahi Shimbun reporter.[11] She graduated from Tsuru University.[9]

Career in journalism

Yamamoto began her career in 1990 as a reporter for Asahi Newstar, the satellite television channel of TV Asahi, eventually becoming a video journalist and director for documentaries and news programs.[9][12] She left the channel in 1995 to join the Japan Press, a Tokyo-based independent media group,[9][12] which covers news and produces documentaries for TV broadcasting and magazines focused on the Middle East and Southwest Asia.[13] Known for employing hand-held video cameras and performing her own editing,[14] Yamamoto served as a correspondent for the Japan Press in critical areas such as Kosovo, Bosnia, Chechnya, Indonesia, Afghanistan in 2001, Iraq in 2003 and Uganda.[6][10][14] She reported on the suppression of the Afghan women in Kabul[14] and interviewed Taliban members in Afghanistan.[6] She worked as a special correspondent for Nippon TV in Iraq.[15] She survived a coalition tank shell strike on the Palestine Hotel in Baghdad on 3 April 2003 where two journalists from Reuters and a Spanish broadcaster were killed.[16][17] Yamamoto transitioned to work as a news presenter for the Nippon TV news program Today by NNN (「NNNきょうの出来事」, NNN Kyo no Dekigoto) in 2003 and 2004, receiving the Vaughn-Uyeda Memorial Award Prize for her previous coverage of the war in Iraq.[11] She was also a special lecturer at Waseda University's journalism school and at her alma mater, Tsuru University.[11][18] Her lectures were concerned with the effects of war on ordinary citizens and the role of journalism during wartime.[11] After the Great East Japan earthquake on 11 March 2011, Yamamoto visited the affected areas to record the damage experienced.[19] In November 2011, she began to serve as an independent consultant to the Government Revitalization Unit with the responsibility for reducing unnecessary spending in the Japanese government.[12] Yamamoto was on assignment in Syria for Nippon TV to cover the ongoing civil war and the impact it had on the Syrian civilian population when she was killed.[15][17][20]

Death

Mika Yamamoto is located in Syria
Aleppo
Aleppo
class=notpageimage|
Aleppo, the city where Mika Yamamoto was killed on 20 August 2012

Yamamoto and her Japanese colleague and boyfriend, photographer Kazutaka Sato, were travelling with fighters of the Free Syrian Army when they came under attack in Aleppo.[20][21][22] She was seriously wounded in the Suleiman al Halabi district of the city during a clash between Syrian opposition and pro-government forces on 20 August 2012;[14][23] Sato stated that Yamamoto's death occurred when pro-government troops appeared and started "random shooting".[24] She died at a nearby hospital after suffering gunshot wounds to the neck[2][4] while a rebel fighter gave a conflicting account that she was killed during shelling by the pro-government forces.[2] Masaru Sato, a spokesman with the foreign ministry in Tokyo, confirmed her death on 20 August 2012.[25]

Autopsy revealed that Yamamoto suffered trauma caused by gunshot wounds to her neck and torso despite her use of body armor and that the primary cause of her death was internal bleeding and rapid blood loss.[26] It was further revealed by the autopsy that she had been shot nine times and that the cause of her death was a bullet to the neck, damaging her spinal cord.[22][27]

Her body was delivered by the members of the Liwa Asifat al Shamal, one of the groups attached to the Free Syrian Army, to Japanese consular officials in Kilis, southern Turkey, at 1:00 pm on 21 August 2012.[9][28][29]

Funeral

Yamamoto's body was taken from Kilis to Istanbul on 23 August 2012.[20] Her two sisters and nephew travelled to Istanbul[20] and accompanied her body back to Japan on 25 August.[30] Her funeral ceremony, attended by some 800 people, was held in Tsuru, where her parents live, on 27 August.[31]

Reactions

The executive director of the Committee to Protect Journalists, Joel Simon, expressed his sorrow and sent his condolences to Yamamoto's family and friends.[2] On 22 August, the Japanese Foreign Minister Kōichirō Gemba stated that the killing of Yamamoto was very unfortunate and he offered his condolences to her family.[32] The French Foreign Ministry released a statement of condolence at a press briefing on 21 August for Yamamoto's family and those involved in the tragedy.[33] United States Department of State spokesperson Victoria Nuland at a press briefing on 21 August condemned the killing of Yamamoto by Syrian government forces and issued a statement of condolence.[34]

Memorials

On 10 October 2012, the students at Waseda University where Yamamoto had lectured for four years organized a memorial service for her.[35] The ceremony included a movie about her and also, her friends' statements.[35]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mika Yamamoto.

References

  1. ^ Manabu Kitagawa (20 August 2012). シリアで日本人記者死亡　ジャパンプレス・山本美香さん (in Japanese). Damascus: Asahi Shimbun. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  2. ^ a b c d "Japanese reporter killed, two missing in Syria". New York: Committee to Protect Journalists. 20 August 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  3. ^ "Japanese TV journalist killed in Aleppo gunfight". MSN. Beirut and Tokyo. Reuters. 20 August 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2012.
  4. ^ a b "Japanese reporter shot dead in Syrian city of Aleppo". Al Arabiya. Tokyo. AFP. 21 August 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  5. ^ Wilson, Richard (21 August 2012). "Death toll of journalists in Syria rises to 15 this year". Press Gazette. Archived from the original on 24 August 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ a b c "山本美香(Mika YAMAMOTO)". The Japan Press. Retrieved 22 August 2012.
  7. ^ "ボーン・上田賞受賞! NNN きょうの出来事 @ 日テレ". Retrieved 24 August 2012.[permanent dead link]
  8. ^ 戦場ジャーナリスト・山本美香さん、シリアで銃撃死…右腕、首に被弾し出血多量 (in Japanese). Hochi Shimbun. 22 August 2012. Archived from the original on 22 August 2012. Retrieved 22 August 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  9. ^ a b c d e "Japanese reporter accompanying rebels killed in Syrian violence". The Mainichi. Cairo. 21 August 2012. Archived from the original on 24 August 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ a b Kyodo, Jiji (22 August 2012). "Reporter killed in Syria a tough, careful veteran". Japan Times. Retrieved 22 August 2012.
  11. ^ a b c d "Japanese journalist gunned down in Syria focused on plight of ordinary citizens". The Mainichi. 21 August 2012. Archived from the original on 11 January 2013. Retrieved 21 August 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ a b c Tao, Shigeki (22 August 2012). "Japanese shot dead in Syria". Daily Yomiuri. Cairo. Retrieved 22 August 2012.
  13. ^ "Siria, uccisa giornalista Mika Yamamoto vincitrice del Pulitzer giapponese". Il Messaggero. 21 August 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  14. ^ a b c d "Japan woman journalist Mika Yamamoto dies from injuries during Syrian conflict". Women News Network. Aleppo. 20 August 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  15. ^ a b "Mika Yamamoto, veteran war correspondent for the Japan Press, killed in Syria covering civil war". NY Daily News. AP. 20 August 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  16. ^ "Japanese reporter killed in Aleppo". Al Jazeera. 21 August 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  17. ^ a b Birmingham, Lucy (24 August 2012). "The Freelancer as Martyr: Mika Yamamoto (1967-2012)". Time. Tokyo. Retrieved 25 August 2012.
  18. ^ >"本学卒業生、ジャーナリスト山本美香さんを悼む - 都留文科大学". Archived from the original on 20 September 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  19. ^ "Remembering Mika Yamamoto, a brave journalist". The Asahi Shimbun. 27 August 2012. Archived from the original on 29 August 2012. Retrieved 29 January 2013. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  20. ^ a b c d Tamakawa, Toru (24 August 2012). "Family members view body of slain war journalist". The Asahi Shimbun. Archived from the original on 29 August 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  21. ^ "Veteran Japanese war correspondent killed while covering fighting in Syria". The Washington Post. Tokyo. AP. 21 August 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  22. ^ a b Miller, Daniel (6 September 2012). "Husband and work partner of Japanese reporter". Mail Online. Retrieved 24 September 2012.
  23. ^ "Factbox: Journalists killed in Syria". Reuters. 21 August 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  24. ^ "Japanese journalist killed in Aleppo". Financial Times. 21 August 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  25. ^ "Japanese Journalist Killed in Syria". The Wall Street Journal. Tokyo. AP. 21 August 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  26. ^ Tamakawa, Toru (23 August 2012). "Autopsy: Internal bleeding likely killed journalist Yamamoto". The Asahi Shimbun. Archived from the original on 20 October 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  27. ^ Kyoko Stucky, Nathalie (13 September 2012). "Remembering Ms. Mika Yamamoto; War Journalist Killed In Action". Japan Subculture Research. Retrieved 24 September 2012.
  28. ^ "Halep"te Öldürülen Japon Gazetecinin Cenazesi Kilis"e Getirildi (Japanese journalist's body taken to Kilis)". Posta (in Turkish). 21 August 2012. Archived from the original on 12 January 2013. Retrieved 21 August 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  29. ^ "Japanese woman reporter shot dead in Syria's Aleppo". Japan Today. Tokyo. 21 August 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  30. ^ "Mika Yamamoto, Japanese Journalist Killed in Syria, Returns Home". Huffington Post. Tokyo. AP. 25 August 2012. Retrieved 25 August 2012.
  31. ^ "Hundreds pay last respects to slain journalist Mika Yamamoto". The Asahi Shimbun. 28 August 2012. Archived from the original on 29 August 2012. Retrieved 30 August 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  32. ^ "Japan condemns killing of Japanese journalist Mika Yamamoto". Bahrain News Agency. Tokyo. 22 August 2012. Retrieved 22 August 2012.
  33. ^ 官房長官「強く非難」…シリアで山本さん銃撃死. Yomiuri Online (in Japanese). 21 August 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2012.
  34. ^ 山本さんに哀悼の意=米国務省. Jiji Press (in Japanese). 22 August 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2012.[permanent dead link]
  35. ^ a b "Symposium held for reporter, Mika Yamamoto, killed in Syria". News on Japan. 11 October 2012. Archived from the original on 3 December 2012. Retrieved 23 December 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
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