-ico: difference between revisions

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m major cleanup of Italian verbs (switch to new built-in verb specs, eliminate {{it-verb-old}}, eliminate {{it-conj-iarsi}}/{{it-conj-carsi}}/{{it-conj-old}}, reduce other {{it-conj-*}}); use {{q}} not {{i}}; don't use {{uncommon form of}}/{{rare form of}}; use ~ not # in head=~... specs; clean up suffixes; misc cleanups; etc. (manually assisted)
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{{also|ico|Ico|iĉo|iço|-iĉo}}
{{also|Appendix:Variations of "ico"}}
==Galician==
==Galician==


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
Borrowed from {{bor|gl|la|-icus}}, which forms adjectives of belonging or origin.
{{lbor|gl|la|-icus}}, which forms adjectives of belonging or origin.


===Suffix===
===Suffix===
{{gl-adj}}
{{head|gl|suffix|g=m|feminine counterpart|-ica}}


# [[-ic]]; added to nouns to form adjectives
# [[-ic]]; {{n-g|forms adjectives from nouns}}


====Derived terms====
====Derived terms====
{{suffixsee|gl}}
From {{suffixsee|gl}}.

----


==Interlingua==
==Interlingua==
Line 39: Line 37:


===References===
===References===
* {{R:ia:Gode1951}}
* {{R:ia:Gode1955}}

----


==Italian==
==Italian==
Line 58: Line 54:
===Anagrams===
===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|it|a=cio|ciò|coi}}
* {{anagrams|it|a=cio|ciò|coi}}

----


==Latin==
==Latin==

===Pronunciation===
* {{la-IPA|-icō}}


===Etymology 1===
===Etymology 1===
Line 72: Line 69:
#: {{m|la|fodiō}} + {{m|la||-icō}} → {{m|la|fodicō}}
#: {{m|la|fodiō}} + {{m|la||-icō}} → {{m|la|fodicō}}
#: {{m|la|albus}} + {{m|la||-icō}} → {{m|la|albicō}}
#: {{m|la|albus}} + {{m|la||-icō}} → {{m|la|albicō}}

=====Conjugation=====
{{la-conj|1+|-icō}}


=====Derived terms=====
=====Derived terms=====
Line 85: Line 85:


====Suffix====
====Suffix====
{{la-suffix-form|-icō}}
{{head|la|suffix form|head=-icō}}


# {{inflection of|la|-icus||dat//abl|m//n|s}}
# {{inflection of|la|-icus||dat//abl|m//n|s}}

----


==Portuguese==
==Portuguese==
Line 120: Line 118:


{{cln|pt|diminutive suffixes}}
{{cln|pt|diminutive suffixes}}

----


==Spanish==
==Spanish==


===Etymology 1===
===Etymology 1===
Borrowed from {{bor|es|la|-icus}}, which forms adjectives of belonging or origin from a noun.
{{bor+|es|la|-icus}}, which forms adjectives of belonging or origin from a noun.


====Suffix====
====Suffix====
{{es-adj}}
{{es-adj}}


# {{ngd|Added to nouns to form adjectives}}; [[-ic]]
# {{ngd|forms adjectives from nouns}}; [[-ic]]
#: {{suffixusex|es|fotografía|fotográfico|t1=photograph|t2=photographic}}
#: {{suffixusex|es|fotografía|fotográfico|t1=photograph|t2=photographic}}


Line 141: Line 137:


====Suffix====
====Suffix====
{{es-suffix|m}}{{cln|es|pejorative suffixes}}
{{es-noun|m}}{{cln|es|pejorative suffixes}}


# {{lb|es|Murcia|Granada|Navarre|Aragón|Cuba|Spain}} {{ngd|Usually pejorative diminutive suffix; added to nouns to form nouns; replaces standard Spanish suffix {{m|es|-ito}}.}}
# {{lb|es|Murcia|Granada|Navarre|Aragón|Cuba|Venezuela}} {{ngd|usually pejorative diminutive suffix; forms nouns from nouns; replaces standard Spanish suffix {{m|es|-ito}}}}


=====Usage notes=====
=====Usage notes=====

Latest revision as of 02:48, 12 May 2024

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ico"

Galician

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Learned borrowing from Latin -icus, which forms adjectives of belonging or origin.

Suffix

[edit]

-ico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ica, masculine plural -icos, feminine plural -icas)

  1. -ic; forms adjectives from nouns

Derived terms

[edit]

From

Galician terms suffixed with -ico

.

Interlingua

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed from English -ic, French -ique, Italian -ico, Portuguese -ico, Spanish -ico, Russian -ик (-ik) all ultimately from Latin -icum, from -icus.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Suffix

[edit]
The template Template:ia-suffix does not use the parameter(s): 
1=n
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.

-ico

  1. forms nouns from nouns, denoting a person occupied with a science or study; -ic, -ician, -ian
    ‎historia (“history”) + ‎-ico → ‎historico (“historian”)
    ‎theoria (“theory”) + ‎-ico → ‎theorico (“theoretician”)

Usage notes

[edit]
  • The stressed syllable in words formed with -ico is the antepenult, i.e. the syllable prior to the suffix.
  • A corresponding nominal suffix denoting a particular science or study is -ica while the corresponding adjectival suffix is -ic.

Derived terms

[edit]
Category Interlingua terms suffixed with -ico not found

References

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Italian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Latin -icus.

Suffix

[edit]

-ico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ica, masculine plural -ici, feminine plural -iche)

  1. -ic

Derived terms

[edit]
Italian terms suffixed with -ico

Anagrams

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Latin

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

From -ō suffixed to words with stems ending in -ic (including -icus), which was reinterpreted as part of the suffix.

Suffix

[edit]

-icō (present infinitive -icāre, perfect active -icāvī, supine -icātum); first conjugation

  1. forms regular first-conjugation verbs, sometimes with frequentative meaning
    fodiō + -icō → fodicō
    albus + -icō → albicō
Conjugation
[edit]
   Conjugation of -icō (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present -icō -icās -icat -icāmus -icātis -icant
imperfect -icābam -icābās -icābat -icābāmus -icābātis -icābant
future -icābō -icābis -icābit -icābimus -icābitis -icābunt
perfect -icāvī -icāvistī -icāvit -icāvimus -icāvistis -icāvērunt,
-icāvēre
pluperfect -icāveram -icāverās -icāverat -icāverāmus -icāverātis -icāverant
future perfect -icāverō -icāveris -icāverit -icāverimus -icāveritis -icāverint
sigmatic future1 -icāssō -icāssis -icāssit -icāssimus -icāssitis -icāssint
passive present -icor -icāris,
-icāre 		-icātur -icāmur -icāminī -icantur
imperfect -icābar -icābāris,
-icābāre 		-icābātur -icābāmur -icābāminī -icābantur
future -icābor -icāberis,
-icābere 		-icābitur -icābimur -icābiminī -icābuntur
perfect -icātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect -icātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect -icātus + future active indicative of sum
sigmatic future1 -icāssor -icāsseris -icāssitur — — —
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present -icem -icēs -icet -icēmus -icētis -icent
imperfect -icārem -icārēs -icāret -icārēmus -icārētis -icārent
perfect -icāverim -icāverīs -icāverit -icāverīmus -icāverītis -icāverint
pluperfect -icāvissem -icāvissēs -icāvisset -icāvissēmus -icāvissētis -icāvissent
sigmatic aorist1 -icāssim -icāssīs -icāssīt -icāssīmus -icāssītis -icāssint
passive present -icer -icēris,
-icēre 		-icētur -icēmur -icēminī -icentur
imperfect -icārer -icārēris,
-icārēre 		-icārētur -icārēmur -icārēminī -icārentur
perfect -icātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect -icātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — -icā — — -icāte —
future — -icātō -icātō — -icātōte -icantō
passive present — -icāre — — -icāminī —
future — -icātor -icātor — — -icantor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives -icāre -icāvisse -icātūrum esse -icārī,
-icārier2 		-icātum esse -icātum īrī
participles -icāns — -icātūrus — -icātus -icandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
-icandī -icandō -icandum -icandō -icātum -icātū

1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been"), which is not attested in the plural for any verb.
2The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

Derived terms
[edit]
Latin terms suffixed with -ico
Descendants
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  • Catalan: -egar
  • Italian: -icare
  • Sicilian: -icari

Etymology 2

[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Suffix

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-icō

  1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of -icus

Portuguese

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

Learned borrowing from Latin -icus, which forms adjectives of belonging or origin, from Proto-Indo-European *-ikos, *-iḱos.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): (stressed on the antepenultimate syllable) /i.ku/

Suffix

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-ico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ica, masculine plural -icos, feminine plural -icas)

  1. -ic; -ical (of or relating to [the suffixed noun])
Derived terms
[edit]
Portuguese terms suffixed with -ico

Etymology 2

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Suffix

[edit]

-ico m (noun-forming suffix, plural -icos, feminine -ica, feminine plural -icas)

  1. irregular diminutive suffix, often forming new senses rather than semantic diminutives
    ‎burro (“donkey”) + ‎-ico → ‎burrico (“small donkey”)
    ‎verão (“summer”) + ‎-ico → ‎veranico (“Indian summer”)

Spanish

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

Borrowed from Latin -icus, which forms adjectives of belonging or origin from a noun.

Suffix

[edit]

-ico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ica, masculine plural -icos, feminine plural -icas)

  1. forms adjectives from nouns; -ic
    ‎fotografía (“photograph”) + ‎-ico → ‎fotográfico (“photographic”)
Usage notes
[edit]
  • The stress will fall on the syllable before the suffix (e.g. cuántico, with emphasis on /a/). Contrast Etymology 2, with stress on the suffix.

Etymology 2

[edit]

Related to Ladino -iko, which serves as the equivalent of -ito.

Suffix

[edit]

-ico m (noun-forming suffix, plural -icos)

  1. (Murcia, Granada, Navarre, Aragon, Cuba, Venezuela) usually pejorative diminutive suffix; forms nouns from nouns; replaces standard Spanish suffix -ito
Usage notes
[edit]
  • The stress falls on the first syllable of the suffix (e.g. marica, with emphasis on /i/). Contrast Etymology 1, with stress on the syllable preceding the suffix.

Derived terms

[edit]
Spanish terms suffixed with -ico

Further reading

[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=-ico&oldid=79216494"