hangen: difference between revisions
m rename {{fi-form of}} to {{infl of|fi}} with appropriate param changes |
Tag: new-L2 |
||
(20 intermediate revisions by 6 users not shown) | |||
Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
||
From a merger of two distinct verbs: |
From a merger of two distinct verbs: |
||
* {{inh|nl|dum|haen}}, from {{inh|nl|odt|hān}}, from {{inh|nl|gem-pro|*hanhaną}} (transitive, strong class 7). |
* {{inh|nl|dum|haen}}, from {{inh|nl|odt|hān}}, from {{inh|nl|gmw-pro|*hą̄han}}, from {{inh|nl|gem-pro|*hanhaną}} (transitive, strong class 7). |
||
* {{inh|nl|dum|hangen}}, from {{inh|nl|odt|hangon}}, from {{inh|nl|gem-pro|*hangāną}} (intransitive, weak class 3). |
* {{inh|nl|dum|hangen}}, from {{inh|nl|odt|hangon}}, from {{inh|nl|gmw-pro|*hangēn}}, from {{inh|nl|gem-pro|*hangāną}} (intransitive, weak class 3). |
||
===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
||
* {{IPA|nl|/ˈɦɑŋə(n)/}} |
* {{IPA|nl|/ˈɦɑŋə(n)/}} |
||
* {{audio|nl|Nl-hangen.ogg |
* {{audio|nl|Nl-hangen.ogg}} |
||
* {{hyphenation|nl|han|gen}} |
* {{hyphenation|nl|han|gen}} |
||
* {{rhymes|nl|ɑŋən|s=2}} |
* {{rhymes|nl|ɑŋən|s=2}} |
||
Line 25: | Line 25: | ||
====Derived terms==== |
====Derived terms==== |
||
⚫ | |||
{{top4}} |
|||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|de vuile was buiten hangen |
|||
⚫ | |||
|doorhangen |
|||
|hangijzer |
|||
|hangjongere |
|||
|klaarhangen |
|||
|loshangen |
|||
|neerhangen |
|||
|omhangen |
|||
|omhooghangen |
|||
|omlaaghangen |
|||
|openhangen |
|||
|ophangen |
|||
|overhangen |
|||
|rondhangen |
|||
|samenhangen |
|||
|uithangen |
|||
|verhangen |
|||
|volhangen |
|||
|voorhangen |
|||
|weghangen |
|||
{{bottom}} |
|||
}} |
|||
====Descendants==== |
====Descendants==== |
||
Line 68: | Line 69: | ||
==German== |
==German== |
||
===Alternative forms=== |
|||
* {{alt|de|hängen}} |
|||
===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
||
From {{inh|de|goh|hangen}}, from {{inh|de|gem-pro|*hangāną}}. |
From {{inh|de|gmh|hangen}}, from {{inh|de|goh|hangen}}, from {{inh|de|gmw-pro|*hangēn}}, from {{inh|de|gem-pro|*hangāną}}. |
||
===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
||
Line 83: | Line 81: | ||
{{head|de|verb}} |
{{head|de|verb}} |
||
# {{lb|de|Switzerland|intransitive}} to [[hang]] |
# {{lb|de|archaic|except|Switzerland|or|South Germany|intransitive|transitive}} {{alt form of|de|hängen|t=to [[hang]]}} |
||
#* {{quote-book|de|year=1843|author=[[:w:Brothers Grimm|Brothers Grimm]]|title=Kinder- und Haus-Märchen, Band 2|edition=5th|chapter=Die Gänsemagd|url=https://de.m.wikisource.org/wiki/Die_G%C3%A4nsemagd_(1843)#Seite_15|page=18|text=„o du Falada, da du '''hangest''',“ <br> da antwortete der Kopf <br> „o du Jungfer Königin, da du gangest, <br> wenn das deine Mutter wüßte, <br> ihr Herz thät ihr zerspringen.“|t="Falada, Falada, there thou art '''hanging'''!" <br> and the head answered, <br> "Bride, bride, there thou art ganging! <br> Alas! alas! if thy mother knew it, <br>Sadly, sadly her heart would rue it."}} |
#* {{quote-book|de|year=1843|author=[[:w:Brothers Grimm|Brothers Grimm]]|title=Kinder- und Haus-Märchen, Band 2|edition=5th|chapter=Die Gänsemagd|url=https://de.m.wikisource.org/wiki/Die_G%C3%A4nsemagd_(1843)#Seite_15|page=18|text=„o du Falada, da du '''hangest''',“ <br> da antwortete der Kopf <br> „o du Jungfer Königin, da du gangest, <br> wenn das deine Mutter wüßte, <br> ihr Herz thät ihr zerspringen.“|t="Falada, Falada, there thou art '''hanging'''!" <br> and the head answered, <br> "Bride, bride, there thou art ganging! <br> Alas! alas! if thy mother knew it, <br>Sadly, sadly her heart would rue it."}} |
||
#* {{quote-book|de|title=Hohe Sommertage|author=w:Gustav Falke|year=1902|chapter=Die Schnitterin|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/12268/pg12268.html|passage=War einst ein Knecht, einer Witwe Sohn, —<br/>Der hatte sich schwer vergangen.<br/>Da sprach sein Herr: Du bekommst deinen Lohn,<br/>Morgen musst du '''hangen'''.}} |
|||
# {{lb|de|Switzerland|transitive}} to [[hang]] |
|||
====Derived terms==== |
====Derived terms==== |
||
* {{l|de| |
* {{l|de|Hangen und Bangen|t=fear and trembling}} |
||
===Further reading=== |
===Further reading=== |
||
Line 99: | Line 97: | ||
===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
||
{{dercat|nds|gmw-pro|gem-pro|inh=2}} |
|||
From {{inh|nds|osx|hāhan |
From {{inh|nds|osx|hāhan}}. See also {{m|nds|hängen}}. |
||
===Verb=== |
===Verb=== |
||
{{head|nds|verb|third-person singular simple present|hangt|past tense|hung|past participle|hungen|or|hangen|auxiliary verb|hebben}} |
{{head|nds|verb|third-person singular simple present|hangt|past tense|hung|past participle|hungen|or|hangen|auxiliary verb|hebben}} |
||
# {{lb|nds|intransitive}} to [[hang]]; to be [[suspend]]ed |
# {{lb|nds|intransitive}} to [[hang]]; to be [[suspend]]ed |
||
#: {{ux|nds|An wat '''hangen'''.|To '''hang''' from something.}} |
#: {{ux|nds|An wat '''hangen'''.|To '''hang''' from something.}} |
||
Line 122: | Line 122: | ||
===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
||
{{dercat|dum|gem-pro|inh=1}} |
|||
From a merger of two distinct verbs: |
From a merger of two distinct verbs: |
||
* Earlier {{m|dum|hâen}}, from {{inh|dum|odt|hān}}, from {{inh|dum| |
* Earlier {{m|dum|hâen}}, from {{inh|dum|odt|hān}}, from {{inh|dum|gmw-pro|*hą̄han}} (transitive, strong class 7). |
||
* From {{inh|dum|odt|hangon}}, from {{inh|dum| |
* From {{inh|dum|odt|hangon}}, from {{inh|dum|gmw-pro|*hangēn}} (intransitive, weak class 3). |
||
===Verb=== |
===Verb=== |
||
Line 176: | Line 177: | ||
====References==== |
====References==== |
||
* {{R:MED Online|entry=hō̆ngen|pos=v|id=MED21130}} |
* {{R:MED Online|entry=hō̆ngen|pos=v|id=MED21130}} |
||
==Old English== |
|||
===Verb=== |
|||
{{head|ang|verb form}} |
|||
# {{past participle of|ang|hōn}} |
|||
==Old High German== |
==Old High German== |
||
===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
||
{{dercat|goh|gem-pro|inh=1}} |
|||
From {{inh|goh|gmw-pro|*hangēn}}. |
|||
===Verb=== |
===Verb=== |
||
Line 200: | Line 209: | ||
===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
||
* |
* {{IPA|cy|/ˈhaŋɛn/|a=cy-N,standard,colloquial}} |
||
** |
** {{IPA|cy|/ˈhaŋan/|a=cy-N,colloquial}} |
||
* |
* {{IPA|cy|/ˈhaŋɛn/|a=cy-S}} |
||
===Noun=== |
===Noun=== |
||
{{head|cy|mutated noun |
{{head|cy|mutated noun}} |
||
# {{h-prothesis of|cy|angen |
# {{h-prothesis of|cy|angen}} |
||
===Mutation=== |
===Mutation=== |
Revision as of 05:40, 23 August 2024
Dutch
Etymology
From a merger of two distinct verbs:
- Middle Dutch haen, from Old Dutch hān, from Proto-West Germanic *hą̄han, from Proto-Germanic *hanhaną (transitive, strong class 7).
- Middle Dutch hangen, from Old Dutch hangon, from Proto-West Germanic *hangēn, from Proto-Germanic *hangāną (intransitive, weak class 3).
Pronunciation
Verb
hangen
- (intransitive) to hang
- Het schilderij hangt aan de muur.
- The painting hangs on the wall.
- (transitive) to hang
- Hij hangt het schilderij aan de muur.
- He hangs the painting on the wall.
Inflection
Conjugation of hangen (strong class 7) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | hangen | |||
past singular | hing | |||
past participle | gehangen | |||
infinitive | hangen | |||
gerund | hangen n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | hang | hing | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | hangt, hang2 | hing | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | hangt | hing | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | hangt | hingt | ||
3rd person singular | hangt | hing | ||
plural | hangen | hingen | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | hange | hinge | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | hangen | hingen | ||
imperative sing. | hang | |||
imperative plur.1 | hangt | |||
participles | hangend | gehangen | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Derived terms
Descendants
Finnish
Nomen
hangen
German
Etymology
From Middle High German hangen, from Old High German hangen, from Proto-West Germanic *hangēn, from Proto-Germanic *hangāną.
Pronunciation
Verb
hangen
- (archaic except Switzerland or Southern Germany, intransitive, transitive) Alternative form of hängen (“to hang”)
- 1843, Brothers Grimm, “Die Gänsemagd”, in Kinder- und Haus-Märchen, Band 2[1], 5th edition, page 18:
- „o du Falada, da du hangest,“
da antwortete der Kopf
„o du Jungfer Königin, da du gangest,
wenn das deine Mutter wüßte,
ihr Herz thät ihr zerspringen.“- "Falada, Falada, there thou art hanging!"
and the head answered,
"Bride, bride, there thou art ganging!
Alas! alas! if thy mother knew it,
Sadly, sadly her heart would rue it."
- "Falada, Falada, there thou art hanging!"
- 1902, Gustav Falke, “Die Schnitterin”, in Hohe Sommertage[2]:
- War einst ein Knecht, einer Witwe Sohn, —
Der hatte sich schwer vergangen.
Da sprach sein Herr: Du bekommst deinen Lohn,
Morgen musst du hangen.- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Derived terms
- Hangen und Bangen (“fear and trembling”)
Further reading
- “hangen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “hangen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “hangen” in Duden online
- “hangen” in OpenThesaurus.de
Low German
Etymology
From Old Saxon hāhan. See also hängen.
Verb
hangen (third-person singular simple present hangt, past tense hung, past participle hungen or hangen, auxiliary verb hebben)
- (intransitive) to hang; to be suspended
- An wat hangen.
- To hang from something.
- (intransitive) to stick; to cling
- (intransitive, figuratively, with an) to be fond of, to feel strongly about
- Bochum ik hang an di.# (transitive) to hang
- Bochum, I'm fond of you.
- (transitive) to hang (something); to suspend (hängen is usually preferred in this sense)
- (transitive) to hang (someone), e.g. for a crime (hängen is usually preferred in this sense)
Usage notes
Hangen has a doublet with nearly the same meaning and usage, hängen. However, hangen is usually preferred in its intransitive meaning, while hängen is more commonly used as a transitive verb.
The weak past participle hangt is sometimes found instead of the more common forms hungen and hangen.
Conjugation
infinitive | hangen | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | preterite |
1st person singular | hang | hung |
2nd person singular | hangs(t) | hungs(t) |
3rd person singular | hang(t) | hung |
plural | hangt, hangen | hungen |
imperative | present | — |
singular | hang | |
plural | hangt | |
participle | present | past |
hangen | (e)hungen/hangen, gehungen/hangen | |
Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects. |
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From a merger of two distinct verbs:
- Earlier hâen, from Old Dutch hān, from Proto-West Germanic *hą̄han (transitive, strong class 7).
- From Old Dutch hangon, from Proto-West Germanic *hangēn (intransitive, weak class 3).
Verb
hangen
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Alternative forms
Descendants
Further reading
- “hanghen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “hangen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “haen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page haen
Middle English
Alternative forms
Etymology
Originally two distinct verbs:
- Old English hangian, from Proto-West Germanic *hangēn, from Proto-Germanic *hangāną.
- Old English hōn, from Proto-West Germanic *hą̄han, from Proto-Germanic *hanhaną.
Pronunciation
Verb
hangen
- to hang
Conjugation
infinitive | (to) hangen, hange | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | hange | heng, hanged | |
2nd-person singular | hangest | henge, heng, hangedest | |
3rd-person singular | hangeth | heng, hanged | |
subjunctive singular | hange | henge1, hanged1 | |
imperative singular | — | ||
plural2 | hangen, hange | hengen, henge, hangeden, hangede | |
imperative plural | hangeth, hange | — | |
participles | hangynge, hangende | hangen, hange, hanged, yhanged |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Descendants
References
- “hō̆ngen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Old English
Verb
hangen
- past participle of hōn
Old High German
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *hangēn.
Verb
hangēn
- (intransitive) to hang
- (transitive) to hang
Conjugation
infinitive | hangēn | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | hangēm, hangēn | hangēta |
2nd person singular | hangēs, hangēst | hangētōs, hangētōst |
3rd person singular | hangēt | hangēta |
1st person plural | hangēm, hangēmēs | hangētum, hangētumēs |
2nd person plural | hangēt | hangētut |
3rd person plural | hangēnt | hangētun |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st person singular | hange | hangēti |
2nd person singular | hangēs, hangēst | hangētīs, hangētīst |
3rd person singular | hange | hangēti |
1st person plural | hangēm, hangēmēs | hangētīm, hangētīmēs |
2nd person plural | hangēt | hangētīt |
3rd person plural | hangēn | hangētīn |
imperative | present | |
singular | hange | |
plural | hangēt | |
participle | present | past |
hangēnti | gihangēt |
Descendants
- Middle High German: hangen
Welsh
Pronunciation
- (North Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈhaŋɛn/
- (North Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈhaŋan/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈhaŋɛn/
Nomen
hangen
- h-prothesized form of angen
Mutation
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
angen | unchanged | unchanged | hangen |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɑŋən
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɑŋən/2 syllables
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch verbs
- Dutch intransitive verbs
- Dutch terms with usage examples
- Dutch transitive verbs
- Dutch class 7 strong verbs
- Dutch basic verbs
- Finnish non-lemma forms
- Finnish noun forms
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:German/aŋn̩
- Rhymes:German/aŋn̩/2 syllables
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German terms with archaic senses
- Switzerland German
- Southern German
- German intransitive verbs
- German transitive verbs
- German terms with quotations
- Low German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Low German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Low German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Low German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Low German terms inherited from Old Saxon
- Low German terms derived from Old Saxon
- Low German lemmas
- Low German verbs
- Low German intransitive verbs
- Low German terms with usage examples
- Low German transitive verbs
- Low German class 7 strong verbs
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch lemmas
- Middle Dutch verbs
- Middle Dutch class 7 strong verbs
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English verbs
- Middle English class 7 strong verbs
- Middle English weak verbs
- Old English non-lemma forms
- Old English verb forms
- Old English past participles
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German lemmas
- Old High German verbs
- Old High German intransitive verbs
- Old High German transitive verbs
- Old High German class 3 weak verbs
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Welsh non-lemma forms
- Welsh mutated nouns
- Welsh h-prothesized forms