се: difference between revisions

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# {{lb|bg|reflexive pronoun|clitic}} the accusative short form of the [[reflexive pronoun]] ''[[себе си]]'', part of [[reflexive verbs]], denoting that the subject is simultaneously the direct object; corresponds to [[myself]], [[yourself]], [[himself]], [[herself]], [[itself]], [[ourselves]], [[yourselves]], [[themselves]]
# {{lb|bg|reflexive pronoun|clitic}} the accusative short form of the [[reflexive pronoun]] ''[[себе си]]'', part of [[reflexive verbs]], denoting that the subject is simultaneously the direct object; corresponds to [[myself]], [[yourself]], [[himself]], [[herself]], [[itself]], [[ourselves]], [[yourselves]], [[themselves]]
#: ''[[Обичам]] '''се'''. - I love myself.''
#: {{uxi|bg|[[Обичам]] '''се'''.|I love myself.}}
#: ''[[Обича]] '''се'''. - He/She/It loves himself/herself/itself.''
#: {{uxi|bg|[[Обича]] '''се'''.|He/She/It loves himself/herself/itself.}}
# {{lb|bg|reciprocal|clitic}} accusative [[reciprocal pronoun]], denoting that the agents perform the mutual actions among themselves; corresponds to [[each other]], [[one another]]
# {{lb|bg|reciprocal|clitic}} accusative [[reciprocal pronoun]], denoting that the agents perform the mutual actions among themselves; corresponds to [[each other]], [[one another]]
#: ''Мария [[и]] Петър '''се''' [[обичат]]. - Maria and Petar love each other.''
#: {{uxi|bg|Мария [[и]] Петър '''се''' [[обичат]].|Maria and Petar love each other.}}
# {{lb|bg|reflexive pronoun|clitic}} [[reflexive pronoun]], part of [[w:Autocausative verb|autocausative verbs]], denoting that the referent represented by the subject combines the activity of actor and undergoes a change of state like a patient
# {{lb|bg|reflexive pronoun|clitic}} [[reflexive pronoun]], part of [[w:Autocausative verb|autocausative verbs]], denoting that the referent represented by the subject combines the activity of actor and undergoes a change of state like a patient
#: ''Петър '''се''' [[обиди]]. - Petаr became/was offended.''
#: {{uxi|bg|Петър '''се''' [[обиди]].|Petаr became/was offended.}}
# {{lb|bg|reflexive pronoun|clitic}} [[reflexive pronoun]], part of [[w:Anticausative verb|anticausative verbs]], denoting that the subject of the verb undergoes an action or change of state whose agent is unclear or nonexistent
# {{lb|bg|reflexive pronoun|clitic}} [[reflexive pronoun]], part of [[w:Anticausative verb|anticausative verbs]], denoting that the subject of the verb undergoes an action or change of state whose agent is unclear or nonexistent
#: ''[[Вратата]] '''се''' [[отвори]]. - The door (was, got) opened.''
#: {{uxi|bg|[[Вратата]] '''се''' [[отвори]].|The door (was, got) opened.}}
# {{lb|bg|reflexive pronoun|clitic}} used for passive constructions with transitive verbs and undetermined agent
# {{lb|bg|reflexive pronoun|clitic}} used for passive constructions with transitive verbs and undetermined agent
#: ''[[От]] [[моята]] [[къща]] '''се''' [[вижда]] [[морето]]. - From my house the sea is seen/one can see the see.''
#: {{uxi|bg|[[От]] [[моята]] [[къща]] '''се''' [[вижда]] [[морето]].|From my house the sea is seen/one can see the see.}}
#: ''[[Говори]] '''се''', [[че]]... - It is said that...''
#: {{uxi|bg|[[Говори]] '''се''', [[че]]...|It is said that...}}
# {{lb|bg|reflexive pronoun|clitic}} used for passive constructions with transitive verbs and determined agent
# {{lb|bg|reflexive pronoun|clitic}} used for passive constructions with transitive verbs and determined agent
#: ''[[Писмото]] '''се''' [[пише]] [[от]] [[мен]]. - The letter is being written by me.
#: {{uxi|bg|[[Писмото]] '''се''' [[пише]] [[от]] [[мен]].|The letter is being written by me.}}
#: ''[[Къщата]] '''се''' [[проектира]] [[от]] [[известен]] [[архитект]]. - The house was designed by a famous architect.''
#: {{uxi|bg|[[Къщата]] '''се''' [[проектира]] [[от]] [[известен]] [[архитект]].|The house was designed by a famous architect.}}
# {{lb|bg|reflexive pronoun|clitic}} inherent part of an [[unergative]] reflexive or reciprocal verb with no meaning of its own, and an obligatory part of the verb's lexical entry
# {{lb|bg|reflexive pronoun|clitic}} inherent part of an [[unergative]] reflexive or reciprocal verb with no meaning of its own, and an obligatory part of the verb's lexical entry
#: ''[[Гордея]] '''се''' [[с]] [[работата]] [[на]] [[Сиву]] [[в]] [[училище]]. - I am proud of Sivu's schoolwork.''
#: {{uxi|bg|[[Гордея]] '''се''' [[с]] [[работата]] [[на]] [[Сиву]] [[в]] [[училище]].|I am proud of Sivu's schoolwork.}}
#: ''[[Тя]] '''се''' [[надява]] [[да]] [[спечели]] [[златния]] [[медал]]. - She is hoping to win the gold medal.''
#: {{uxi|bg|[[Тя]] '''се''' [[надява]] [[да]] [[спечели]] [[златния]] [[медал]].|She is hoping to win the gold medal.}}


====Synonyms====
====Synonyms====

Revision as of 04:39, 3 May 2020

See also: сэ, сѐ, сё, -се, се-, and Appendix:Variations of "se"

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *sę.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

се • (se)

  1. (reflexive, clitic) the accusative short form of the reflexive pronoun себе си, part of reflexive verbs, denoting that the subject is simultaneously the direct object; corresponds to myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
    Обичам се. ― Običam se. ― I love myself.
    Обича се. ― Običa se. ― He/She/It loves himself/herself/itself.
  2. (reciprocal, clitic) accusative reciprocal pronoun, denoting that the agents perform the mutual actions among themselves; corresponds to each other, one another
    Мария и Петър се обичат. ― Marija i Petǎr se običat. ― Maria and Petar love each other.
  3. (reflexive, clitic) reflexive pronoun, part of autocausative verbs, denoting that the referent represented by the subject combines the activity of actor and undergoes a change of state like a patient
    Петър се обиди. ― Petǎr se obidi. ― Petаr became/was offended.
  4. (reflexive, clitic) reflexive pronoun, part of anticausative verbs, denoting that the subject of the verb undergoes an action or change of state whose agent is unclear or nonexistent
    Вратата се отвори. ― Vratata se otvori. ― The door (was, got) opened.
  5. (reflexive, clitic) used for passive constructions with transitive verbs and undetermined agent
    От моята къща се вижда морето. ― Ot mojata kǎšta se vižda moreto. ― From my house the sea is seen/one can see the see.
    Говори се, че... ― Govori se, če... ― It is said that...
  6. (reflexive, clitic) used for passive constructions with transitive verbs and determined agent
    Писмото се пише от мен. ― Pismoto se piše ot men. ― The letter is being written by me.
    Къщата се проектира от известен архитект. ― Kǎštata se proektira ot izvesten arhitekt. ― The house was designed by a famous architect.
  7. (reflexive, clitic) inherent part of an unergative reflexive or reciprocal verb with no meaning of its own, and an obligatory part of the verb's lexical entry
    Гордея се с работата на Сиву в училище. ― Gordeja se s rabotata na Sivu v učilište. ― I am proud of Sivu's schoolwork.
    Тя се надява да спечели златния медал. ― Tja se nadjava da spečeli zlatnija medal. ― She is hoping to win the gold medal.

Synonyms

Macedonian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *sę.

Pronoun

се • (se)

  1. Short reflexive direct object pronoun.
  1. (reflexive, clitic) the accusative short form of the reflexive pronoun себе си, part of reflexive verbs, denoting that the subject is simultaneously the direct object; corresponds to myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
    се сакам. - I love/like myself.
    се сака. - He/She/It [loves/likes] himself/herself/itself.
  2. (reciprocal, clitic) accusative reciprocal pronoun, denoting that the agents perform the mutual actions among themselves; corresponds to each other, one another
    Марија и Петар се сакаат. - Maria and Petar [love/like] each other.
  3. (reflexive, clitic) reflexive pronoun, part of autocausative verbs, denoting that the referent represented by the subject combines the activity of actor and undergoes a change of state like a patient
    Петар се навреди. - Peter became/was offended.
  4. (reflexive, clitic) reflexive pronoun, part of anticausative verbs, denoting that the subject of the verb undergoes an action or change of state whose agent is unclear or nonexistent
    Вратата се отвори. - The door (was, got) opened.
  5. (reflexive, clitic) used for passive constructions with transitive verbs and undetermined agent
    Од мојата куќа се гледа морето. - From my house the sea is seen/one can see the see.
    се вели, дека... - It is said that...
  6. (reflexive, clitic) used for passive constructions with transitive verbs and determined agent
    Писмото се пишува од мене. - The letter is being written by me.
    Куќата се проектира од познат архитект. - The house was designed by a famous architect.
  7. (reflexive, clitic) inherent part of an unergative reflexive or reciprocal verb with no meaning of its own, and an obligatory part of the verb's lexical entry
    Јас се гордам со пишењето на Иво во училиштето. - I am proud of Sivu's schoolwork.
    Таа се надева да победи златен медал. - She is hoping to win the gold medal.

Russian

Pronunciation

  • Audio:(file)

Pronoun

се • (sjo)

  1. Alternative spelling of сё (sjo)

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *sę.

Pronoun

се (Latin spelling se)

  1. oneself (clitic form of reflexive pronoun)
    1. myself
    2. yourself
    3. himself
    4. herself
    5. itself
    6. ourselves
    7. yourselves
    8. themselves
Declension
Declension of се
singular plural
nominative — —
genitive се̏бе, се се̏бе
dative се̏би, си се̏би
accusative се̏бе, се се̏бе
vocative — —
locative се̏би се̏би
instrumental со̏бо̄м со̏бом

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *sь.

Particle

се (Latin spelling se)

  1. (obsolete) this is; here is
    • 1404, anonymous, Kočerin tablet:
      се лежи вигань милошевиꙉь
      Here lies Viganj Milošević.

Tajik

Tajik cardinal numbers
 <  2 3 4  > 
    Cardinal : се (se)
    Ordinal : сеюм (seyum)

Etymology

Related to Persian سه (se).

Numeral

се • (se)

  1. three
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